Armanen runes

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Armanen runes, or Armanen "Futharkh" as Guido von List referred to them, are a row of 18 runes that are
closely based in shape (though not necessarily name, let alone interpretation) on the Younger Futhark. They were
"revealed to" the Austrian occult mysticist and Germanic revivalist Guido von List in 1902, and subsequently
[1]
published by him.

Contents

1 History and Runic revivalism

2 List of runes

3 Nazi use

4 Contemporary use

5 Notes

6 See also

7 References

8 External links

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History
Armanen   and
runes   Runicthe  
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During the 19th century, interest in the runic alphabets (such as the academic discipline of runology) was revived in
Germany by the völkisch movement, which promoted interest in Germanic folklore and language in a reaction against
the rapid modernisation of the German Empire under Kaiser Wilhelm I. The collapse of Wilhelmine Germany at the
end of the First World War led to an upsurge of interest in völkisch ideology, which rejected liberalism, democracy,
socialism and industrial capitalism  – all traits re`lected in the political system of Weimar Germany  – as "un-­‐German"
[2]
and inspired by subversive Jewish in`luences. By the end of the war there were about seventy-­‐`ive völkisch
groups in Germany, promoting a variety of pseudo-­‐historical, mystical, racial and anti-­‐semitic views. This had a major
in`luence on the embryonic Nazi Party; Hitler wrote in his 1925 book Mein Kampf that "the basic ideas of the
[3]
National Socialist movement are völkisch and the völkisch ideas are National Socialist."

A crucial development in the connection between runes and Nazi ideology came in 1906–1908 with the publication
of Das Geheimnis der Runen ('The Secret of the Runes'), a work by the Viennese mystic Guido von List that
established the foundations of his racially based ideological system of "Armanism". List's work led to the adoption of
his "Armanen runes" runes by the völkisch movement, which had already adopted the swastika as a symbol of
Germanic antiquity, and from there List's runes became an integral part of German and Austrian nationalistic
[4]
socialist symbology. Heinrich Himmler, who led the SS from 1929 to 1945, was one of many leading Nazi `igures
associated with the Thule Society völkisch group, and his interest in Germanic mysticism led him to adopt a variety of
List's runes for the SS. Some had already been adopted by members of the SS and its predecessor organisations but
Himmler systematised their use throughout the SS. By 1945 the SS used twelve Listian runes, in addition to the
swastika and the sonnenrad. Until 1939, members of the Allgemeine SS were given training in runic symbolism on
[5]
joining the organisation.

The row of 18 "Armanen runes", also known as the "Armanen futharkh" came to List while in an 11-­‐month state of
temporary blindness after a cataract operation on both eyes in 1902. This vision in 1902 allegedly opened what List
referred to as his "inner eye", through which the "Secret of the Runes" was revealed to him. List stated that his
Armanen Futharkh were encrypted in the Rúnatal of the Poetic Edda (stanzas 138 to 165 of the Hávamál), with
stanzas 147 through 165, where Odin enumerates eighteen wisdoms (with 164 being an interpolation), interpreted
as being the "song of the 18 runes". List and many of his followers believed his runes to represent the "primal
runes" upon which all historical rune rows were based.

List's row is based on the Younger Futhark, with the names and sound values mostly close to the Anglo-­‐Saxon
Futhorc. The two `inal runes, Eh and Gibor, added to the Younger Futhark inventory, are taken from Anglo-­‐Saxon Eoh
and Gyfu. Apart from the two additional runes, and a displacement of the Man rune from 13th to 15th place, the
sequence is identical to that of the Younger Futhark.

List noted in his book, The Secret of the Runes, that the "runic futharkh (= runic ABC) consisted of sixteen symbols in
[6]
ancient times."

List of runes
The `irst sixteen of von List's runes correspond to the sixteen Younger
Futhark runes, with slight modi`icationsin names (and partly mirrored
shapes). The two additional runes are loosely inspired by the Anglo-­‐
Saxon Futhorc.

1. Fa (an inverted Fe)

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Armanen  runes  -­‐  Wikipedia,  the  free  encyclopedia 3
2. Ur

3. Thurs (as Anglo-­‐Saxon Thorn) (also known as 'Dorn')

4. Os (a mirrored Younger Futhark Os)

Circular arrangement of the Armanen runes.

5. Rit (as Reidh)

6. Ka (as in Younger Futhark)

7. Hagal (as Younger Futhark Hagall)

8. Nauth (as Younger Futhark Naud) (also known as Not)

9. Is (as in Younger Futhark)

10. Ar (similar to short-­‐twig Younger Futhark)

11. Sig (as Anglo-­‐Saxon Sigel)

12. Tyr

13. Bar (as Younger Futhark Bjarkan)

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Armanen  runes  -­‐  Wikipedia,  the  free  encyclopedia 4
14. Laf (as Younger Futhark Logr)

15. Man (as Younger Futhark Madr);

16. Yr (as in Younger Futhark, but with a sound value [i])

17. Eh (the name is from Anglo-­‐Saxon Futhork, the shape like Younger Futhark Ar)

18. Gibor (the name similar to Anglo-­‐Saxon Futhork Gyfu)

There is no historical Gibor rune (the name may be based on the Anglo-­‐Saxon Gyfu rune). Its shape is similar to that
of the Wolfsangel symbol.

List associated his Gibor rune with the `inal stanza of the Rúnatal (stanza 165 of the Hávamál, trans. H. A. Bellows):

An eighteenth I know, / that ne'er will I tell

To maiden or wife of man, [lacuna]

The best is what none / but one's self doth know

Nazi use
Main article: Runic insignia of the Schutzstaffel

Runic signs were used from the 1920s to 1945 on Schutzstaffel `lags, uniforms and other items as symbols of
various aspects of Nazi ideology and Germanic mysticism. They also represented virtues seen as desirable in SS
members, and were based on German mystic Guido von List's Armanen runes, which he loosely based on the
historical runic alphabets.

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Contemporary
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The Armanen runes are still used today in occultist and national socialist currents of Germanic neopaganism.
[7]
After World War II, Karl Spiesberger reformed the system, removing the racist aspects of the Listian, Marbyan
[8]
and Kummerian rune work and placing the whole system in a "pansophical", or eclectic, context. In recent times
[9][10] [11] [citation
Karl Hans Welz, Stephen E. Flowers, Adolf Schleipfer, Larry E. Camp and Victor Ordell L. Kasen
needed]
have all furthered the effort to remove any racist connotations previously espoused by pre-­‐war Armanen
rune masters.

In German-­‐speaking countries, the Armanen Runes have been in`luential among rune-­‐occultists. According to
Stephen E. Flowers they are better known even than the historical Elder Futhark:

"The personal force of List and that of his extensive and in`luential Armanen Orden was able to shape the
runic theories of German magicians...from that time to the present day. [...] the Armanen system of
[12]
runes...by 1955 had become almost 'traditional' in German circles"
[13]
The Armanen runes are also having a signi`icant impact in English language occultist literature.

Notes

1. ^ von List (1902)

A "Gibor" rune
from Das
Geheimnis der
2. ^ Levy, Richard S. (2005). Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopediaof Prejudice and Persecution 1. ABC-­‐ Runen

CLIO. p.  743. ISBN  978-­‐1-­‐85109-­‐439-­‐4.

3. ^ Benz, Wolfgang; Dunlap, Thomas (2006). A Concise History of the Third Reich. University of California Press. p.  ix.

ISBN  978-­‐0-­‐520-­‐23489-­‐5.

4. ^ Mees, Bernard Thomas (2008). The Science of the Swastika. Central European University Press. pp.  60–2.

ISBN  978-­‐963-­‐9776-­‐18-­‐0.

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5. ^ Lumsden , Robin (1993). The Allgemeine-­‐SS. Osprey Publishing . p.  17. ISBN  978-­‐1-­‐85532-­‐358-­‐2.

6. ^ In his English translation of the work, Stephen Flowers insists that the ^inal h is not a misspelling , but indicates the seventh

rune, Hagal; the historical Younger Futhark likewise have h in seventh position, while the ^irst aett of the Elder Futhark was

fuþarkgw, so that the historical name ''fuþark spells the initial sequence common to both the Elder and the Younger variant.

7. ^ Spiesberger , Karl Runenmagie, Runenexerzitienfur Jedermann, Reveal the Power of the Pendulum .

8. ^ Flowers 1984: 16.

9. ^ magitec.com (http://www.magitech.com/~runes/); runemagick.com (http://www.runemagick.com/).

10. ^ Knights of Runes (http://www.armanen .com)

11. ^ Handbookof ArmanenRunesby Larry E. Camp (aka Deitrich) [1] (http://www.europaltd .com) (Head of the Knights of Runes

and Europa Ltd.).

12. ^ Flowers 1984: 15-­‐16.

13. ^ Pennick (1992); The Armanen Runes [2] (http://www.scn.org/anon/dossiers/armanic/runes.htm); The ArmanenRune Set [3]

(http://www.armanen .co.uk); The Armanen [4] (http://www.armanen.org); Karl Spiesberger Runenmagie ; Karl Hans Welz [5]

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Armanen  runes  -­‐  Wikipedia,  the  free  encyclopedia 7
(http://www.magitech.com/~runes/) [6] (http://www.runemagick.com/); Knights of Runes(http://www.armanen.com); Handbook

of ArmanenRunesby Larry E. Camp [7] (http://www.europaltd .com); Flowers (1992)

See also

Rudolf John Gorsleben

Siegfried Adolf Kummer

Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels

Runic divination

Peryt Shou

Karl Maria Wiligut

Wiligut runes

References

Flowers, Stephen E. 1992. Rune Might: Secret Practices of the German Rune Magicians. ISBN 0-­‐87542-­‐778-­‐2

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Armanen  runes  -­‐  Wikipedia,  the  free  encyclopedia 8
——— (as Edred Thorsson). 1984. Futhark: A Handbook of Rune Magic (http://books.google.com/books?id=_

rMC8PJzC3IC&printsec=frontcover &source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&q=&f=false). York Beach, Maine: Samuel

Weiser , Inc. ISBN 0-­‐87728-­‐548-­‐9

——— (as Edred Thorsson). Runecaster's Handbook, Northern Magic, Runelore.

Goodrick-­‐Clarke, Nicholas. 1993. The Occult Roots of Nazism: Secret Aryan Cults and Their Incluence on Nazi

Ideology. ISBN 0-­‐8147-­‐3060-­‐4

———. 2003. Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity. ISBN 0-­‐8147-­‐3155-­‐4

von List, Guido. 1902. Das Geheimnis der Runen. Vienna. (Translated into English by Stephen E. Flowers, 1988,

Destiny Books. ISBN 0-­‐89281-­‐207-­‐9)

Pennick, Nigel. 1992. Secrets of the Runes: Discover the Magic of the Ancient Runic Alphabet. ISBN

0-­‐7225-­‐3784-­‐0

von Schnurbein, Stefanie. 1992. Religion als Kulturkritik .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armanen_runes 17.  Dezember  2013  03:35:57

External
Armanen   links
runes   -­‐  Wikipedia,  the  free  encyclopedia 9

Armanen runes (http://www.geomantica.com/geom24.htm#6) by S. Hawkins

Armanen runes truetype font (http://www.scn.org/anon/dossiers/armanic/runes.htm)

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Categories: Runes in Germanic mysticism

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