PRACTICA N° 1 DE MATEMATICA

1. Si − < , resolver | − |<3x

+
Solución
Prop. |a|<b →-a < b < a

S1: x є < -∞;3]

− +5 −5
< 3x <
+1 +1

− + −
< 3x ˄ 3x <
+ +

− +5 −
- 3x < 0 3 − <0
+1 +

− +5−3 ( +1) ( + )− +
<0 <0
+1 +

−3 2−4 +5 + − +
<0 <0
+1 +
3 2+4 −5 Fórmula: =− ±√ −
> 0 ; x= -1
+1

− ±√ −
Fórmula: =

X X

X X1 = ˄
X
3

X ^ X S3: ∅
 S

• C.S: S1∩S2∩S3

C.S: < ; 3]

2. Dados los conjuntos:

A = {x ∈ R/ (x-2) ∈ [-3; 5>}

B = {x <-2;4]}

C {x∈∈R/
D=={x R/xx∈∉AB →
↔xx∈∈CA}

Determinar x∉(A→B) ↓ X ∈ {C∩(B → D)}

Solución:

A:
-3≤ x-2 <5 Determinar x∉(A→B) ↓ X ∈ {C∩(B → D)}
-1≤ x <7 ~(~(A→B) ^ ~[C∩ (B → D)]
B: (~A∪B) ˄
~[C∩(~B∪D)]
-(~A∪B) ˄ [~C v ~(~B v D)
(~A∪B) ˄ [~C v (B^ ~D)]
(A’∪B) ∩ [C’ ∪ (B∩D’)]
R ∩ ∅ ∪∅

C: ∅
(B∪A)∪(B∩A)’
[-∞;8> ∪ <-∞; -1>∪[7; +∞>

D:
A’∪C
(<-∞;1>∪[7; +∞>)∪ R

3. Sean los conjuntos:

−
S = {x ∈ R/ ∈ [-3;2>}

M = {x ∈ R/ (4x-1) ∈ [-2;2]} T
= {x R/ ( )∈
<-4;1]}

P = {x ∈ R/ (2x-3) ∈ <-4;1]
 Determinar: A-[(B∪ ∩ )]

A= {x ∈ R/x ∈ S→ x ∈ T}
B= {x ∈ R/x ∈ M↔ x ∈ P}
C= {x ∈ R/ x ∈ S v x ∉ P}
D= {x ∈ R/ x ∉ T ∆ x ∈ M}
−
S = {x ∈ R/ ∈ [-3; 2>} M = {x ∈ R/ (4x-1) ∈ [-2; 2]}

S= - M= −2≤ 4 − 1 ≤ 2
S= −6≤ −3 M= −1≤ 4 ≤ 3
S= −3≤ <7 M=
T = {x R/ ( ) <-4;1] P = {x R/ (2x-3) <-4;1]

T= P=
T= P=
T= P=
T=

Determinar: A-[(B ]
A= {x R/x S→ x T} B= {x R/x M↔ x P}
A= → B= ↔
A= → B= (M→ )v (P→ )
A=S v T B= (M´U P) U (P´U M)

A= ⦋−3;7 > U ⦋−1; 14 > B=⦋

⦋ ⦌
A=⦋−3;14 >

C= {x R/ x S v x P} D= {x R/ x T x M}
C=X v X P D=
C=S U P´
C= ⦋-3;7 C= R 4. Determinar por
| |/ x <- 1;5>}
extensión el conjunto: A = {

−6 < − 5 < 5 … … … … … …

3< 2+ 2 < 27 … … … … … .

: ÷
−5
−2 < ⟦ 2 ⟧<0
+2
 ⟧ ^ ⟦ ⟧ < ⟦0⟧

⟧ ⟦ ⟧ < −1

< −1

:
6. Resolver las inecuaciones en R:

a) X6-2x5-4x4+14x3-33x2+60x-36 ≤0

1 -2 -4 14 -33 60 -36
↓ 1 -1 -5 9 -24 36
1 -1 -5 9 -24 36 0
↓ 2 2 -6 6 -36

1 1 -3 3 -18 0

4+ 3− 3 2+ 3 − 18 ≥ 0
2 x -6
2 0x 3
0 2

(x - 1) (x - 2) ( 2 + x - 6) ( 2 + 0x + 3) ≥ 0

(x - 1) (x - 2) (x + 3) (x - 2) ( 2 + 3) ≥ 0

C.S: < −∞; − ] ∪ [ ; ∞+>

 b) 6x6+13x5-18x4-31x3+26x2+12x-8≤0
6 13 -18 -31 26 12 -8
-2 ↓ -12 -2 40 -18 -16
8

6 1 -20 9 8 -4 0
1 ↓ 6 7 -13 -4 4
.
6 7 -13 -4 4 0

6 4+ 7 3− 13 2− 4 +4≤0

6 2 X -2
2 X -2
2

( + 2)( − 1)(6 2+ − 2)( 2+ − 2) ≤ 0

( + 2)( − 1)(2 − 1)(3 + 2) ≤ 0

( + 2)2 − 2)2(2 − 1)(3 + 2) ≤ 0

C.S: [− ⁄ ; ⁄ ]

c) ( − ) ( − )

Solución:

≤0 −2

C.S: [-3;0]∪<2;5]

− + +√ + −
d) √ ≥ x-9
√ + √ −

− − ≤

(X-18)(X+1) ≤
 X∈[-1; 18]

+ >0

X∈ R

√ − ≥0 ^ 0<√ +

X(X-2) ≥ 0 + >0
X∈ R
X∈ <-∞; 0] U [2; +∞>

C.S: <-1; 0] U [2; 18]

( − )( − ) ( + ) ( + )( + ) D2)
( + + )( − )( √ − ) ≥ 0

Solución:
( +4)( −4)( −3)( +1)( +8)
2 ≥ 0
( +8)( +1)( −1)

( +4)( −4) 2 ≥
0
( −1)
C.S: <-∞;-4]∪<0;1>∪[4;+∞>

e)

(|x+1|-5 ≥ 0 ^ 7-|3-x| > 0) v (|x+1|-5 > 0 ^ 7-|3-x|≥ 0)

(|x+1|-5 ≥ 0 ^ 7-|3-x| > 0)

|x+1|≥ 5 |3-x|< 7
x+1 ≥ 5 v x+1 ≤ -5 -7 < 3-x < 7

x≥4 x ≤ -6 7 > x-3 > -7

-4 < x < 10

Sol1: [4;10>

(|x+1|-5 > 0 ^ 7-|3-x|≥ 0)

 |x+1|-5 > 0 ^ 7-|3-x| ≥ 0
|x+1| > 5 |3-x|≤ 7

X+1 >5 v x+1 < -5 -7 ≤ x-3 ≤ 7

X>4 x < -6 10 ≥ x ≥ -4
-4 ≤ x ≤ 10

C.S: <-∞; -6> ∪ <4; +∞>

Sol2: <4; 10]

• C.S: S1∪S2
C.S: [4;10]

E2)

2 3 5
( + 9 + 8)( − 64)( √ + 1)
2
(12 − )( − 9 − 10)( + 1)( + 3) ≥ 0

( + 8)( + 1)( − 1) 2

(12 − )( − 10)( + 1)( + 1)( + 3) ≥ 0

( + 8)( + 1)( − 1) 2

( − 12)( − 10)( + 1)( + 3) ≥ 0

( + 8)( − 1) 2

= 12 = 10 = −1 = −3 = −8 =1 x=0
C.S: < −∝: −8 > ⦋−3; −1⦌ < 0; 1 > ⦋10; 12⦌

f)

√(4 + 5)( + 1)-√( + 1)( − 1) = √(2 − 1)( + 1)

2 2
( √(4 + 5)( + 1) − √( + 1)( − 1) = √( (2 − 1)( + 1)
 (4 + 5) − 2√( − 1)(4 + 5) + ( − 1) = (2 − 1)

4 + 5 + − 1 − 2√( − 1)(4 + 5) = 2 − 1

3 + 5 = 2√( − 1)(4 + 5) = 2 − 1

(3 − 5)2 = √(2( − 1)(4 + 5))2

9 2+ 30 + 25 = 4( − 1)(4 + 5)

9 2+ 30 + 25 = 16 2+ 4 − 20

0 = 7 2 − 26 − 45
↓ ↓
7 +9=9
− 5 = −35
−26
0 = (7 + 9)( − 5)
7 +9=0 , −5=0
= , =5
. : =

F2)

Solución:

|x-4|+|1-x|≤ 7

x-4=0 1-x=0
x=4 x=1

x<1 1≤x<4 x≥4

1 4

Para: x<1 Para: 1≤x<4 Para: x≥4

|x-4|+|1-x|≤ 7 |x-4|+|1-x|≤ 7 |x-4|+|1-x|≤ 7

-x+4+1-x ≤ 7 -x+4+1-x ≤ 7 x-4-1+x ≤ 7

-2x+5 ≤ 7 -2x+4 ≤ 7 2x-5 ≤ 7

 x ≥ -1 -3/2 ≤ x x≤6

C.S: x<1 ^ x ≥ -1 C.S: 1≤x<4 ^ x ≥ -3/2 C.S: x≥4 ^ x ≤ 6

C.S: [-1;1> C.S: [1;4> C.S: [4;6]

• C.S: [-1;1>∪[1;4>∪[4;6]
C.S: [1; 6]

X<1 X≥1

1
√ √√

-X≥0 ^ X+3 ≥ 0 ^ -2X+7 ≥ 0

X≤0^ X ≥ -3 ^ 2X-7 ≤ 0
^ X ≤ 7/2
X ∈ ∪ = [-3; 0]

0 ≤ − ( + 3) ≤ (− + 2)2

− ( + 3) ≥ 0 ^ -X(X+3) ≤(− + 2)2

X(X+3) ≤ 0 X(X+3) ≥ −(− + 2)2
2 + 3 ≥ -( 2 + 4 + 4)

2+ 3 ≥ - 2+ 4 − 4

X=0 2 2-X+4 ≥ 0
X= -3 ∀ ∈
[-3; 0] ^ ∀ ∈

C.S: [-3; 0] ^ U
C.S: [-3; 0]

) ≤0
2−2 −3 2+
√ 2−8 +12
1 −= 0 +4=0

2 + |( − 2)( − 2)| + 1 − |( − 3)( + 1)|

2− 4 +4| + 1+ 4 = 0
2 +|
 :

= 3 ; = −1 0= 2− 8 + 12

x= 6 ; x= 2

x = 1 ; x = 1 ˄ x < -1

Caso 1: x = 1

Para: -1 ≤ x < 3
2− 2 + 5 = 2− 2 −3

∅^−1≤ <3

Caso 2: ∅

Para: x ≥ 3
−2 +5= 2− 2 −3
∅˄x≥3

Caso 3: ∅ Por
lo tanto:

Cs1 U Cs2 U Cs3 X

=1U∅U∅

Cstotal: x = 1 U x = 6 ; x = 2

(− +| |− )( +| |− )
J2) <
( −| |+ ) .√ −| |−

* =0 * <0 * ≥0

Para < 0

= ( + 3)( − 2) ≥ 0
X = -3 X = 2
=< −∞; −3] ∪ [2; +∞ >
 ( 2 + +1)( 2 − −2)
( 2 + +2)
>0

(x + 1) (x - 2) > 0
X = -1
X= 2
. : < −∞; −3] ∪ < 2; +∞ > ∩
S1: < −∞; −3]
+√ − | |+
√ + +√ −| +
) +√ −| − | | ≥0

+√ − | |+
+ ≥0
^ −| + |≥
+√ −| − |

2− 8| | + 12 ≥ 0 | + 1| ≤ 5
2+ 12 ≥ 8| |

| | X+1 ≥ 0 ^ -5 ≤ X+1 ≤ 5
X≥ -1 -6 ≤ X ≤ 4

C.S2: [-1; 4]
− 2−12

≤
8

− 12 2−
≤ 8 C.S: CS1 ∩CS2
2+
8 + 12 ≥ 0 C.S: [0; 2]
(x+6)(x+2) ≥ 0
Sol1: <-∞; -6] v [-2; +∞>
Sol1: [0; 2] ∪ [6; +∞>

√10 − | − 1|
10−|x-1|> 0
| −1|< 10
-10 < x-1 < 10
-10 < x-1 ^ x-1 < 10
X>9 x < 11

Sol2: <-9; 11>

C.S1: S1∩S2
 C.S1: [0; 2] ∪ [6; 11>

) | |−⟦ ⟧≥ 0 Solución:

⟦ | |
2x < 2|x| + 1

2|x|+1 > 2x
2|x<| > 2x-1

|x| >

X> v x<-( )

0> -x x<

0 > -1 0<

S1: ɸ 4x-1 < 0

S2: x< 1/4

C.S: S1 S2
C.S: ɸ <-∞; ¼>
C.S: <-∞; ¼>
│ │
) <
││ ││

│ │
<
│ │
│ │
< ; ≠√

│ − │− < ˄ − >
│ − │− < <
-3< − < │ │<√
− <− < −√ < < √
< <

:< ; > : < −√ ; √

)
√ −

≤0

Solución:
 √
√2− ≤0
3

2 −| |.| |−4
√

√2 −

2 2 3
≤0
√− −
√2− 4
3
−
4
4√
− 3√2−
≤0 ≤0

Imaginarias

X≥0 ^ 2− >0

X∈[0;+∞> X∈<-∞;2>

C.S: [0;2>

m) Al resolver el sistema de inecuaciones: { ( + )( ; se

obtuvo C.S =
− +
[a;b]∪[c;d>. Determinar a.b.c.d.

( − )≥
( − )≥
( − )( + ) ≥
= = =−
: [− ; ] [ ; ∞+ >
( + )( − − )
( − )( − )
≥

( + 9)( − 12)( − 4) ≤ 0

= −9 = 12 =4

:< ∞−; − ] ∪< ; > . :

[− ;− ] ∪ [ ; >
 DETERMINAR: a.b.c.d:
. : −9]
[−10; [ . ∪
] ∪[10;
[ . 12]
]
. . . = (−10)(−9)(10)(12)
. . . =

o) (⟦ ⟧ − ⟦ ⟧ − )

⟦ ⟧ − ≥ ∆= (−1)2 − 4(1)(−15)

⟦ ⟧2 ≥ 32 ∆= 1 + 70

⟦ ⟧≥3 ∆= 71

≥3 ∆>

= ≥

⟦ ⟧

⟦ ⟧
: ∈ [− ; ]
. =[ ; ]
7. El margen de ganancia para un auto usado era al menos 30% de su precio actual al
por mayor. Si el auto fue vendido en S/. 2800, ¿Cuál fue el precio máximo al por
mayor?

Pv= Pc+G

Pv = $2800 2800 = Pc
G= 30% Pc Pc=$ 2153,84