Coker, 2009 ©

100

95

Temperature oC

90

85

80

75
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Mole fraction of ethanol in liquid/vapor
Figure Phase diagram for ethanol and water mixture at 1.013 kPa
Mole fraction of ethanol in vapor, y
Coker, 2009 ©

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6 x-y

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Mole fraction of ethanol in liquid, x
Figure M-39. VLE diagram for the mixture ethanol and water at 1.013 kPa.
Vapor-Liquid equilibrium data for ethanol and water at 1 atm, y and x in Mole fraction by A.K. Coker
R.H. Perry, C.H. Chilton and S.O. Kirkpatrick (Eds.), Chemical Engineering Handbook, 4th ed. New York McGraw-Hill, p 13-5,

xEtoh xw yEtoh yw T, oC
0 1 0 1 100
0.019 0.981 0.17 0.83 95.5
0.0721 0.9279 0.3891 0.6109 89
0.099 0.9034 0.4375 0.5625 86.7
0.1238 0.8762 0.4704 0.5296 85.3
0.1661 0.8339 0.5089 0.4911 84.1
0.2337 0.7663 0.5445 0.4555 82.7
0.2608 0.7392 0.558 0.442 82.3
0.3273 0.6727 0.5826 0.4174 81.5
0.3965 0.6035 0.6122 0.3878 80.7
0.5198 0.4802 0.6599 0.3401 79.7
0.5732 0.4268 0.6841 0.3159 79.3
0.6763 0.3237 0.7385 0.2615 78.74
0.7472 0.2528 0.7815 0.2185 78.41
0.8943 0.1057 0.8943 0.1057 78.15
1 0 1 0 78.3

Temperature composition diagram (T-x-y diagram)

xEtoh T, oC Figure 10- Temperature composition diagram for ethanol-water

0 100
Temperature oC

0.019 95.5 100

0.0721 89
0.099 86.7
0.1238 85.3 95
0.1661 84.1
0.2337 82.7
0.2608 82.3 90
0.3273 81.5
0.3965 80.7 T-x-y
0.5198 79.7 Minimum boiling azeotrope
85
0.5732 79.3
0.6763 78.74
0.7472 78.41
0.8943 78.15 80
1 78.3

0 100 75
0.17 95.5 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
0.3891 89 xE or yE
0.4375 86.7
0.4704 85.3
0.5089 84.1
0.5445 82.7
 0.558 82.3
0.5826 81.5
0.6122 80.7
0.6599 79.7
0.6841 79.3
0.7385 78.74
0.7815 78.41
0.8943 78.15
1 78.3

Vapor-Liquid equilibrium diagram (x-y)

xEtoh yEtoh
M o le fractio n o f eth an o l in v ap o r, y E

0 0
0.019 0.17
0.0721 0.3891
0.099 0.4375
0.1238 0.4704
0.1661 0.5089
0.2337 0.5445
0.2608 0.558 Figure 10- Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium diagram for ethanol-water at 101.3 kPa
0.3273 0.5826
0.3965 0.6122 1 Azeotrope
0.5198 0.6599 0.9
0.5732 0.6841
0.8
0.6763 0.7385
0.7472 0.7815 0.7
0.8943 0.8943 0.6
1 1 0.5

0.4
0 0
0.17 0.17 0.3
0.3891 0.3891 0.2
0.4375 0.4375
0.1
0.4704 0.4704
0.5089 0.5089 0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
0.5445 0.5445
Mole fraction of ethanol in liquid, xE
0.558 0.558
0.5826 0.5826
0.6122 0.6122
0.6599 0.6599
0.6841 0.6841
0.7385 0.7385
0.7815 0.7815
0.8943 0.8943
1 1
York McGraw-Hill, p 13-5, 1963

T-x-y

9 1
ol-water at 101.3 kPa

0.8 0.9 1
no waktu suhu volume massa pikno
m0 m1 m1-m0 p0
1 34.33 74 30 63.04 87.5 24.46 33.92
2 35.23 74 30 124.86 148.78 23.92 33.92
3 38.12 74 21 61.78 78.94 17.16 33.92
4 40.2 74 30 61.78 85.9 24.12 33.92
5 44.5 74 30 124.86 148.27 23.41 33.92
6 47.58 75 30 63.04 87.88 24.84 33.92
7 50.4 75 30 124.86 149.81 24.95 33.92
8 54.1 75 30 63.04 88.35 25.31 33.92
9 58.1 75 30 124.86 149.16 24.3 33.92
10 1:01:15 75 30 63.04 88.57 25.53 33.92
11 1:04:07 75 30 124.86 149.53 24.67 33.92
12 1:08:10 75 30 63.04 88.06 25.02 33.92
13 1:12:19 75 30 124.86 150.09 25.23 33.92
14 1.16,20 76 30 63.04 88.24 25.2 33.92
15 1:18:23 76 30 124.86 149.38 24.52 33.92
16 1:20:00 75 30 63.04 88 24.96 33.92
17 1:25:50 76 30 124.86 148.39 23.53 33.92
18 1:30:11 75 30 63.04 88.18 25.14 33.92
19 1:34:08 76 30 124.86 148.58 23.72 33.92
20 1:37:58 75 30 63.04 87.91 24.87 33.92
591 484.86

Densitas Umpan Densitas % etanol

0.979491 0.99823 0 0.979491 15.88457
p1 residu 0.98938 5
0.945308 0.9791 12
0.96997 19
0.95867 27
0.9486 33
0.93919 38
0.92897 43
0.91823 48
0.91384 50
0.90936 52
0.89803 57
0.88882 61
0.87948 65
0.86766 70
0.85806 74
0.84835 78
0.83848 82
0.8284 86
0.81797 90
0.80983 93
0.79846 97
0.78934 100
 Ethanol
Air
Densitas % Ethanol x Massa x mol Feed
p1 p1-p0 Ethanol Air Ethanol air
54.36 20.44 0.831773 85.1055727 0.851056 0.148944 0.690965 0.309035
54.57 20.65 0.840319 80.9349922 0.80935 0.19065 0.624225 0.375775
0.817143 91.9615078 0.919615 0.080385 0.817404 0.182596
54.3 20.38 0.829332 85.4411959 0.854412 0.145588 0.696643 0.303357
54.3 20.38 0.829332 85.2613754 0.852614 0.147386 0.693595 0.306405
54.42 20.5 0.834215 83.1174002 0.831174 0.168826 0.658294 0.341706
54.5 20.58 0.83747 81.7369098 0.817369 0.182631 0.636534 0.363466
54.45 20.53 0.835436 82.5744058 0.825744 0.174256 0.649647 0.350353
54.47 20.55 0.83625 82.2491161 0.822491 0.177509 0.644522 0.355478
54.42 20.5 0.834215 83.0914183 0.830914 0.169086 0.657878 0.342122 Residu
54.43 20.51 0.834622 82.9478959 0.829479 0.170521 0.655582 0.344418
54.42 20.5 0.834215 83.1460693 0.831461 0.168539 0.658754 0.341246
54.46 20.54 0.835843 82.5515699 0.825516 0.174484 0.649286 0.350714
54.47 20.55 0.83625 82.4671689 0.824672 0.175328 0.647953 0.352047
54.47 20.55 0.83625 82.5742001 0.825742 0.174258 0.649644 0.350356
54.49 20.57 0.837064 82.3912172 0.823912 0.176088 0.646756 0.353244
54.49 20.57 0.837064 82.5620428 0.82562 0.17438 0.649452 0.350548
54.5 20.58 0.83747 82.6345606 0.826346 0.173654 0.6506 0.3494 Destilat
54.5 20.58 0.83747 82.9230602 0.829231 0.170769 0.655186 0.344814
54.5 20.58 0.83747 83.2687795 0.832688 0.167312 0.660725 0.339275

residu R 124.6503
0.945308 31.90285 0.31902851 16.08346 0.129029
68.09715 0.68097149
NM residu 124.6503 0.09053085
0.129029
 2 Mr etanol 46 g/mol
1.5 Mr air 18 g/mol
berat pikno kosong 33.92 g mol etanol 25.73804348 mol
berat pikno + isi (campuran) 57.99 g mol air 110.7235556 mol
volume pikno 24.574 cm3 mol feed 136.461599 mol
massa campuran 24.07 g x mol etanol 0.188610156
densitas campuran awal 0.979491 g/ml x mol air 0.811389844
massa campuran feed 3428.217 g % mol etanol 18.8610156 %
Densitas ethanol murni 0.7893 g/cm3 % mol air 81.1389844 %
Densitas air murni 0.996512 g/cm3
massa etanol 1183.95 g
massa air 1993.024 g
3176.974
berat pikno kosong 33.92 g mol etanol 0.693540217 %
berat pikno + isi (campuran) 57.15 g mol air 3.783175 %
volume pikno 24.574 cm3 x etanol residu 0.154921674
massa campuran 23.23 g
densitas campuran awal 0.945308 g/ml
Massa campuran Residu 558.677 g
% massa etanol 31.90285
% massa air 68.09715
berat pikno kosong 61.78 g mol etanol 9.654587466 mol
berat pikno + isi (campuran) 78.94 g mol air 2.156689173 mol
volume pikno 21 cm3 mol destilat 11.81127664 mol
massa campuran 17.16 g x mol etanol 0.817404228
densitas campuran awal 0.817143 g/ml x mol air 0.182595772
massa campuran destilat 482.9314 g % mol etanol 81.74042283 %
% massa etanol 91.96151 g/cm3 % mol air 18.25957717 %
% massa air 8.038492 g/cm3
massa etanol 444.111 g
massa air 38.82041 g
 3.5

x-y mol data from Perry 3.4

Axis Title
5
x y T (C) 1/(y-x) 3.3
0 0 100 4.5
0.019 0.17 95.5 6.622517 3.2 4

1/(y-x)
0.0721 0.3891 89 3.154574 3.1 3.5
0.0966 0.4375 86.7 2.933412
3 3
0.1238 0.4704 85.3 2.88517
0.1661 0.5089 84.1 2.917153 2.9 2.5
0.2377 0.5445 82.7 3.259452 2
2.8
0.2608 0.558 82.3 3.364738
1.5
0.3273 0.5826 81.5 3.91696 2.7
0.3965 0.6122 80.7 4.636069 1
2.6
0.5079 0.6564 79.8 6.734007 0.5
0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2 0.22 0
0.5198 0.6599 79.7 7.137759 Axis Title
0
0.5732 0.6841 79.3 9.017133 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
0.6763 0.7385 78.74 16.07717 x
0.7472 0.7815 78.41 29.15452
0.8943 0.8943 78.15 #DIV/0!
1 1 78.3 #DIV/0!

x y 1/y-x
0 0 #DIV/0!
0.02 0.192 5.813953
Chart Title
20
9
7
0.05 0.377 3.058104
0.1 0.527 2.34192 18
8
6
0.2 0.656 2.192982 16
7
0.3 0.713 2.421308 5
14
0.4 0.746 2.890173 6
12
0.5 0.771 3.690037 4
5
0.6 0.794 5.154639 10
4
3
0.7 0.822 8.196721 8
0.8 0.858 17.24138 3
6
2
0.9 0.912 83.33333
2
4
0.94 0.942 500
1
0.96 0.959 -1000 1
2
0.98 0.978 -500 0
1 1 #DIV/0! 0 0.05
0.1
0.1 0.2
0.10.2 0.15
0.3 0.3 0.4
0.2 0.4 0.25
0.5 0.50.6
0.3
 0.18 0.2 0.22 0.24 0.26 0.28
Axis Title
0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45
x

Chart Title

0.3 0.4
0.2 0.4 0.25
0.5 0.50.6
0.3 0.6
0.35
0.7 0.7
0.8
0.4 0.9
0.45
0.8
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