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CEIDUNS

"HUMAN SWIMMING"
Student: CHAVEZ HUINGO, Mariano Antonio
Teacher:
BASIC ENGLISH: Convesation I-A

𝟑𝒓𝒅 August, 2015

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INDEX Página

1- Dedication ………………………………………………. 3

2- Introduction ………………………………………………. 4

3- Development

3.1. Human swimming .…………………………………………….…5

3.2. Science …………………………………………………6

3.3. Purposes
3.3.1- Recreation ………………………………….………………6
3.3.2- Health …………………………………………………7
3.3.3- Sport …………………………………………………7
3.3.4- Occupation …………………………………………………8

3.4. Swimming (sport)

3.4.1- Open water ……………………………………….………10
3.4.2- Styles …………………………………….….………11

4- Conclusions …………………………………………..……12

5- Bibliographic References ……………………………………….………12

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1. DEDICATION

I dedicate this work to my parents who have been giving me their support because
they always believed me and they've always been the most important reason to
study my career and this important language.

Also to my dear teacher cynthia Valverde who has been teaching me since I was in 8
cycle.

And to many people who didn't believe me that I could finish this level of English.
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2. INTRODUCTION:

The water can't be our environment but we have looked at the oceans with a lot
admiration and envy.
There are many sports but only swimming is the best sport when we think about a
health sport, all people can practice swimming because this sport is one of the most
complete sport to work your mind and your body.

Maybe someone can say : "I think the best sport is football", it can be but there is an
important difference: When we swim we really move through in soft environment but
when we practice some sport where we have to run, Our bones hit with the ground
so we could have a injury.

Since a few years ago It has became a popular sport after that an american swimmer
Michael Phelps had established new world record in Beijing Olympics in 2008.

That day Michael Phelps had changed movements of swimming and he challenged
limits of the human body, it is amazing, I know.
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3. DEVELOPMENT
3.1. Human swimming

It is the propulsion of a person through the water without touching the ground, we
only can use our arms and legs to keep us under or above water.

Swimming emerged as a competitive recreational activity in the 1830s in England.

It can be done as a leisure activity or competitive sport.
Humans do not swim instinctively, swimming is a skill that must be learned so isn't
uncommon that we see many places where people go to learn this sport.

Swimming can be practiced in many places like lakes, pools swimming, rivers
including seas but only there has to be enough water to can swim.

As a formalized sport, swimming develops in a range of local, national, and

international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics, which occur
every four years.

3.2. Science

Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body. On average, the body
has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.
However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of
the water. Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of
the body and increase its floatation. Since the human body is only slightly less dense
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than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.

As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities as running,

playing football, playing basketball.

The density and viscosity of water also create resistance for objects moving through
the water so we can say the temperature is an important factor because the average
temperature must be 24°C.

There are many ways to swim for example Michael Phelps uses his Dolphin kick,
Michael found in this technique an advantage to be able to win a lot competitions, it
happens when Phelps uses his legs but when he uses his arms, he uses the called
"stroke S", sports scientists defend "the S stroke" as the best to swim.

3.3. Purposes

Well I'm sure that there are many reasons why people swim, from swimming as a
recreational activity to swimming as a necessary part of a job or another activity.

Swimming may also be used to rehabilitate injuries, especially various

cardiovascular injuries and muscle injuries

3.3.1. "Recreation"

Many swimmers swim for recreation, with swimming consistently ranking as one of
the physical activities people are most likely to take part in.
Recreational swimming can also be used for exercise, relaxation, or
rehabilitation.The support of the water, and the reduction in impact, makes
swimming accessible for people who are unable to undertake activities such as
running.
For example I like swimming and really I feel relaxed when I'm going to swim but
always I feel hungry after swimming for a long time.
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3.3.2. "Health"
Swimming is primarily a cardiovascular/aerobic exercise due to the long exercise
time, requiring a constant oxygen supply to the muscles, except for short sprints
where the muscles work anaerobically. As with most aerobic exercise, swimming is
believed to reduce the harmful effects of stress. Swimming can also improve
posture.

Disabled swimmers
As of 2013, the Americans with Disabilities Act requires swimming pools in the
United States to be accessible to disabled swimmers.

Elderly swimmers

“Water-based exercise can benefit older adults by improving the quality of life and
decreasing disability. It also improvesor maintains the bone health of post-
menopausal women.”

3.3.3. "Sport"
Main article: Swimming (sport) Swimming as a sport predominantly involves
competition among participants to be the fastest over a given distance under
self-propulsion. Different distances are swam in different levels of competition. For
example, swimming has been an Olympic sport since 1896, and the current
program includes events from 50m to 1500m in length, across all four main strokes
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and medley.

The sport is governed internationally by the Federation Internationale de Natation

and competition pools for FINA events are 25 or 50 meters in length. In the United
States of America, USA Swimming is the governing body and a pool 25 yards in
length is commonly used for competition.

3.3.4. "Occupation"
Some occupations require the workers to swim. For example, abalone- and
pearl-divers swim and dive to obtain an economic benefit, as do spear fishermen.

Swimming is used to rescue people in the water who are in distress, including
exhausted swimmers, nonswimmers who have accidentally entered the water, and
others who have come to harm on the water. Lifeguards or volunteer lifesavers are
deployed at many pools and beaches worldwide to fulfill this purpose, and they, as
well as rescue swimmers, may use specific swimming styles for rescue purposes.

Swimming is also used in marine biology to observe plants and animals in their
natural habitat. Other sciences use swimming, for example Konrad Lorenz swam
with geese as part of his studies of animal behavior.

Swimming also has military purposes. Military swimming is usually done by special
forces, such as Navy Seals. Swimming is used to approach a location, gather
intelligence, engage in sabotage or combat, and subsequently depart. This may
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also include airborne insertion into water or exiting a submarine while it is

submerged.

Due to regular exposure to large bodies of water, all recruits in the United States
Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard are required to complete basic swimming or
water survival training.

Swimming is also a professional sport. Companies sponsor swimmers who have

the skills to compete at the international level. Many swimmers compete
competitively in order to represent their home country in the Olympics.

Cash awards are also given at many of the major competitions for breaking records.
Professional swimmers may also earn a living as entertainers, performing in water
ballets.

3.4. SWIMMING (Sport)

Swimming is an individual or team sport and activity.

Nowadays competitive swimming is one of the most popular Olympic sports, with
events in freestyle, backstroke, breaststroke, and butterfly.
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3.4.1. Open water

In open water swimming, where the events are swum in a body of open water (lake
or sea), there are also 5 km, 10 km and 25 km events for men and women.
However, only the 10 km event is included in the Olympic Games.
Open-water competitions are typically separate to other swimming competitions
with the exception of the World Championships and the Olympics.

3.4.2 Styles:

Many people have their own style to swim but we’re going to talk abou 4 styles:

 Freestyle (crawl)

It’s the fastest style.

-Legs: alternative movement up and down.
-Arms: there are 3 aquatic fases; entry, push, pull-push.

 Butterfly

It’s the second fastest and it’s the most difficult to learn because if we want
to learn so we must know crawl and breaststroke.
-Legs: it’s the same movement than crawl but legs have to be together.
-Arms: the action of arms it the same but they move together(combination
of crawl and breaststroke).
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 Backstroke

It’s the third fastest style, swimmers say it’s similar to crawl. The unique
difference is the position above water.

 Breaststroke

It’s the slowest style and it’s the oldest style used for swimmers and it’s
called “Frog style”.

Legs:
-We have to bend us in preparation for the kick.
-Our legs spread in a circular motion around the knees and feet doing an
external rotation

Arms:
-Arms with hands open through the water after we bend our arms and we
have to paddle calm water to can advance through the water.
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4. CONCLUSIONS

- Swimming is the best sport to practice because when we swim, all our body
and mind work.
- I think that all people should learn this sport because some day we’re goin to
need this.
- The most important difference between to swim and to run: When we’re
swimming, we are in a soft enviroment but when we’re runnig we hit us our
bones.

5. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES

-M. Phelps; Swimming memories (2012); Swimming (42-56), USA. Academic

press.

-J. Ignacio Prieto, Investigacion en la Natacion (2014), recuperado 01 de agosto

de 2015 de http://cdeporte.rediris.es