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SUMMARY: This work is based on the study respuesta en magnitud y fase de los filtros diseñados
of non-recursive and recursive digital band pass cumpliendo con las características de diseño
filters for an audio equalizer. The design of FIR (non- requeridas. Todo el diseño fue simulado usando el
recursive) and IIR (recursive) filters were made software Mathcad.
following the design specifications for this application.
To find the solution of this problem, first we will define 1 INTRODUCTION
the filter characteristics to find the respective
coefficients for both types of filter. Then, we will This report presents the study of recursive and
deduce the expression of H(z) and the structure non-recursive filter, which are used on many
diagram of the filters with their correspondent applications. The design methods for each of these
coefficients. Next, we will deduce the expression of two classes of filters are different because of their
the difference equations that can be used for distinctly different properties.
programing the algorithms for the simulation of the
filters in a DSP microprocessor. Finally we will In non-recursive filter structures the output
present the response of magnitude and phase of the depends only on the input, where we have
designed filters complying with the required design feed-forward paths. The FIR filter has a finite memory
characteristics. Whole design was simulated using and can have excellent linear phase characteristics,
the software Mathcad. but it requires a large number of terms, to obtain a
relatively sharp cutoff frequency response.
Kaiser β = 8
Butterworth Filter
Chebyshev I Filter
SK shows the correspondent poles of the Chebyshev I The expression of H(z) (that correspond to the filter),
Filter. the structure diagram, and the algorithm for the
simulation are:
4 RESULTS
Kaiser β = 8
Kaiser β = 4
Now calculating some attenuation for the different - The pink graphic shows the Kaise β=8 filter
windows: response.
Hamming
From Figure 1, we can see that all the filters follow
the characteristics specified for the design, we can
see the cut frequencies and the stop frecuencies.
Then, we have to define many equations to find the
coefficients:
Butterworth Filter
Then, we have
And making
Chebyshev I Filter
Then, we have
Butterworth Filter
Chebyshev I Filter
- The red graphic shows the Butterworth filter
response.
5 CONCLUSIONS
From Figure 2 and Figure 3, we can see that The responses of both filters, in terms of phase, are a
Butterworth and Chebyshev I filter follow the little different, because the Chebyshev I filter, have
characteristics specified for the design; we can see phase distortion, and the Butterworth phase response
have some linear parts. So, since these filters are IIR
the cut frequencies and the stop frequencies
filters, they have phase distortion, that it’s a
required. disadvantage. Talking about the amplitude, the best
filter of this two is the Chebyshev I filter, with this filter
Finally, we will compare the two filter responses, in results in a fall of frequency response more
magnitude and phase: pronounced at low frequencies and it allow a ripple in
the pass band as shown in the magnitude response
above.
6 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books:
<> Digital and Kalman Filtering , S.M. Bozic
England 1994, 2th Edition
[Search: 01 August]
Web Pages:
<> Digital Filters. http://cursos.puc.cl/unimit_muc_013-
1/almacen/1242145247_rcadiz_sec1_pos0.pdf
<> www.mathworks.com
<> htttp://focus.ti.com/dsp
<> http://www.dsptutor.freeuk.com/
Magazines:
<> IEEE Transactions on Digital Signal Processing
<> IEEE Transactions on Digital Signal Processing
Magazine