Reiniel Ademis BSAeE 4-2

NATIONAL ORGANIZATION
ATO
The Philippines' Air Transportation or ATO is an agency of the Philippine government under the Department
of Transportation and Communications, responsible for implementing policies on civil aviation to assure safe,
economic and efficient air travel.
Legislative Act No. 3909 passed by the Philippine Legislative on November 20, 1931 created an Office
under the Department of Commerce and Communications to handle aviation matters, particularly the enforcement of
rules and regulations governing commercial aviation as well as private flying. It was amended by Act 3996 to include
licensing of airmen and aircraft, inspection of aircraft concerning air traffic rules, schedules and rates and
enforcement of aviation laws.
From 1932 to 1936, there were no standard procedures as to the licensing of airmen, registration of aircraft
and recording of various aeronautical activities connected with commercial aviation. There were attempts made to
register planes and their owners without ascertaining their airworthiness and to record names of pilots, airplane
mechanics and other details.
In 1933, the Office of Technical Assistant of Aviation Matters was enlarged into the Aeronautics Division
under the Department of Commerce and Industry, the functions of which were embodied in Administrative Order No.
309, a joint bulletin issued by the Department of Public Works and Communications and the Department of Finance.
In October 1934, Act 4033 was passed to require a franchise from the Philippine government in order to operate an
air service and to regulate foreign aircraft operations.
Many Executive Orders and Republic Acts were passed before President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo signed
into law the Civil Aviation Authority Act of 2008, abolishing the Air Transportation Office and creating the Civil
Aviation Authority. This was in response to the downgrading by the U.S. Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) of the
Philippine aviation status from Category 1 to Category 2 over concerns about the safety of the country's airports and
air carriers on March 4, 2008.

CAB
The Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) is the agency of the government mandated to regulate the economic
aspect of air transportation, and shall have the general supervision, control and jurisdiction over air carriers, general
sales agents, cargo sales agents, and air freight forwarders as well as their property, property rights, equipment,
facilities, and franchise (R.A. No. 776, as amended by P.D. 1462). CAB is an attached agency of the Department of
Transportation and Communications (DOTC). In the exercise of its regulatory powers, it is authorized to issue
Certificates of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) to domestic carriers, Foreign Air Carrier's Permit (FACP)
to foreign carriers and Letters of Authority to airfreight forwarders, general sales agents, cargo sales agents who are
fit, willing, and able to perform services as required by public convenience and necessity. CAB likewise performs
quasi-judicial functions.

CAAP
The Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines is the national aviation authority of the Philippines and is
responsible for implementing policies on civil aviation to assure safe, economic and efficient air travel. The agency
also investigates aviation accidents via its Aircraft Accident Investigation and Inquiry Board. Formerly Air
Transportation Office, it is a government-owned and controlled corporation attached to the Department of
Transportation and Communications for the purpose of policy coordination.
On March 4, 2008, the Civil Aviation Authority Act of 2008 was signed into law which replaced the Air
Transportation Office with the Civil Aviation Authority, an independent regulatory body with quasi-judicial and quasi-
legislative powers with corporate attributes.

SAEP
 The Society of Aerospace Engineers of the Philippines' is an organization conceived to work for the
promotion and advancement of Aeronautical Engineering in the Philippines. It is a leading catalyst in the
development of aviation industry in the country.
In the year 1950, fifteen individuals headed by Dr. Gregorio Y. Zara of FEATI University formed a society of
Aeronautical Engineers of the Philippines, for working of the promotion, professionalization and advancement of the
career in the Philippines as their main objective. The society was registered with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on April 28, 1950. Since Aeronautical Engineers were few in number at that time, some of the
members of the organization were products of foreign schools, and some were from the pre-war FEU and FEATI.
Very few of them were absorbed to airlines and most were teaching. They were frequently mistaken as pilots and
aircraft technicians. Furthermore, no law is regulating for the practice of Aeronautical Engineering in the country.
The organization has worked to uplift the profession and to pursue recognition in the international aviation
through the introduction of reforms and development of programs for the desire of young engineers and students on
the exciting field of aircraft manufacturing research, operation, maintenance and engineering. The organization also
serves as a medium in accelerating the development of high-level aeronautical engineers to be a productive
member of the society. The organization also provides education, information services and extends technical
assistance to more than 1000 members.

PADC
The Philippine Aerospace Development Corporation (PADC) is a Philippine state owned aerospace and
defence technology corporation. The corporation was established on September 5, 1973 through Presidential
Decree (PD) 286 as restructured and amended by P.D. 696. It developed the first indigenous Philippine helicopter,
the PADC Hummingbird.

DOTC
The Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC) is the executive department of the
Philippine government responsible for the maintenance and expansion of viable, efficient, and dependable
transportation and communications systems as effective instruments for national recovery and economic progress.
The department is responsible for the country's land, air, sea and communications infrastructure.
From 1899 to 1979 all transportation and communications activities were integrated into the structure and
activities of what are now today the Department of Public Works and Highways.

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
FAA
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is the national aviation authority of the United States, with powers
to regulate all aspects of American civil aviation. These include the construction and operation of airports, the
management of air traffic, the certification of personnel and aircraft, and the protection of US assets during the
launch or re-entry of commercial space vehicles.
The Air Commerce Act of May 20, 1926, is the cornerstone of the federal government's regulation of civil
aviation. This landmark legislation was passed at the urging of the aviation industry, whose leaders believed the
airplane could not reach its full commercial potential without federal action to improve and maintain safety standards.
The Act charged the Secretary of Commerce with fostering air commerce, issuing and enforcing air traffic rules,
licensing pilots, certifying aircraft, establishing airways, and operating and maintaining aids to air navigation. The
newly created Aeronautics Branch, operating under the Department of Commerce assumed primary responsibility
for aviation oversight.

ICAO
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It codifies
the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of
international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. Its headquarters are located in the Quartier
International of Montreal, Canada.
 The ICAO Council adopts standards and recommended practices concerning air navigation, its infrastructure,
flight inspection, prevention of unlawful interference, and facilitation of border-crossing procedures for international
civil aviation. ICAO defines the protocols for air accident investigation followed by transport safety authorities in
countries signatory to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention).
The forerunner to ICAO was the International Commission for Air Navigation (ICAN). It held its first
convention in 1903 in Berlin, Germany but no agreements were reached among the eight countries that attended. At
the second convention in 1906, also held in Berlin, 27 countries attended. The third convention, held in London in
1912 allocated the first radio call signs for use by aircraft. ICAN continued to operate until 1945.
Fifty-two countries signed the Convention on International Civil Aviation, also known as the Chicago
Convention, in Chicago, Illinois, on 7 December 1944. Under its terms, a Provisional International Civil Aviation
Organization (PICAO) was to be established, to be replaced in turn by a permanent organization when 26 countries
ratified the convention. Accordingly, PICAO began operating on 6 June 1945, replacing ICAN. The 26th country
ratified the Convention on 5 March 1947 and, consequently PICAO was disestablished on 4 April 1947 and replaced
by ICAO, which began operations the same day. In October 1947, ICAO became an agency of the United Nations
linked to the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).

EASA
The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is an agency of the European Union (EU) with regulatory and
executive tasks in the field of civilian aviation safety. Based in Cologne, Germany, the EASA was created on 15 July
2003, and it reached full functionality in 2008, taking over functions of the Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA). European
Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries have been granted participation in the agency.
The responsibilities of EASA include to analysis and research of safety, authorising foreign operators, giving
advice for the drafting of EU legislation, implementing and monitoring safety rules (including inspections in the
member states), giving type-certification of aircraft and components as well as the approval of organisations
involved in the design, manufacture and maintenance of aeronautical products.

IATA
The International Air Transport Association is a trade association of the world’s airlines. Consisting of around
260 airlines, primarily major carriers, representing 117 countries, the IATA's member airlines account for carrying
approximately 83% of total Available Seat kilometres air traffic. IATA supports airline activity and helps formulate
industry policy and standards. It is headquartered in Montreal, Canada with Executive Offices in Geneva,
Switzerland.
IATA was formed in April 1945 in Havana, Cuba. It is the successor to the International Air Traffic
Association, which was formed in 1919 at The Hague, Netherlands. At its founding, IATA consisted of 57 airlines
from 31 countries. Much of IATA’s early work was technical and it provided input to the newly created International
Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), which was reflected in the annexes of the Chicago Convention, the international
treaty that still governs the conduct of international air transport today.

JAA
The Joint Aviation Authorities, or JAA, was an associated body of the ECAC representing the civil aviation
regulatory authorities of a number of European States who had agreed to co-operate in developing and
implementing common safety regulatory standards and procedures. It was not a regulatory body, regulation being
achieved through the member authorities.
In implementing the so-called FUJA Report, the JAA had entered into a new phase as of 1 January 2007. In
this new phase the former "JAA" had become "JAA T" (Transition). JAA T consisted of a Liaison Office (JAA LO)
and a Training Office (JAA TO). The offices of JAA LO were located in the premises of European Aviation Safety
Agency (EASA) in Cologne, Germany.
The JAA started as the Joint Airworthiness Authorities in 1970. Originally, its objectives were only to produce
common certification codes for large aeroplanes and for engines in order to meet the needs of European industry
and international consortia (e.g., Airbus). After 1987 its work was extended to operations, maintenance, and
licensing and certification/design standards for all classes of aircraft.