PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

1) _______ is the conversion of molecular nitrogen into nitrogen

compounds.
a) Nitrogen fixation c) Nitrite reduction
b) Denitrification d) Industrial fixation

2) Above the stratosphere, the concentration of ozone and other gases

is low, and the temperature decreases with increasing altitude
a) Troposphere c) mesosphere
b) Stratosphere d) ionosphere

3) The layer of the atmosphere that contains about 80 percent of the

total mass of air and practically all of the atmosphere’s water
vapor.
a) Troposphere c) mesosphere
b) Stratosphere d) ionosphere

4) Above the troposphere, is the ________, which consists of nitrogen,

oxygen, and ozone. The air temperature rises with altitude.
a) Troposphere c) mesosphere
b) Stratosphere d) ionosphere

5) The incoming streams of solar protons and electrons are oriented by

Earth’s magnetic field so that most auroral displays occur in
doughnut-shaped zones about 2000km in diameter centered on the north
and south poles. __________ is the name given to his phenomenon in
the Northern Hemisphere.
a) Aurora borealis c) both a and b
b) Aurora australis d) none of these

6) An international treaty -________- was signed by most industrialized

nations in 1987, setting targets for cutbacks in CFC production and
the complete elimination of these substances by the year 2000.
a) Stockholm Convention c) Kyoto Predict
b) Kyoto Protocol d) Montreal Protocol

7) Extracting the metals often entails _________-that is, heating the

metal sulfide in air to form the metal oxide and sulfur dioxide.
a) Galvanizing c) Smelting
b) Vulcanizing d) Mining

8) A curie corresponds to _______ disintegrations of radioactive nuclei

per second
a) 3.70 x 10^7 c) 3.70 x 10^9
b) 3.70 x 10^8 d) 3.70 x 10^10

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 PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

9) _______ is a rather disagreeable-smelling liquid used as a

preservative for laboratory specimens.
a) Acetaldehyde c) Methanal
b) Methanol d) Valeraldehyde

10) Reactions proceeds spontaneously at low temperatures. At high

temperatures, the reverse reaction becomes spontaneous.
a) + Δ H and + ΔS c) - Δ H and + ΔS
b) - Δ H and – ΔS d) + Δ H and - ΔS

11) Geometrically, ________ is the most symmetrical molecule known.

a) Buckminsterfullerene c) fullerenes
b) Graphite d) Buckytubes

12) Alcohol boils t 79oC and H2O boils at 100oC at 1atm pressure. A
mixture of the two will have a boiling point
a) lower than 79oC c) higher than 79oC
b) higher than 100oC d) between 79oC and 100oC
13) What determines the degree of completeness of a reaction?
a) catalyst c) rate of reaction
b) intimacy of contact d) equilibrium constant

14) What is the substance called that causes an alteration of the

speed of a chemical reaction?
a) variable c) catalyst
b) gas d) equilibrium constant

15) What substance does not have catalytic capability, but does increase
the effectiveness of a catalyst?
a) enzyme c) anti-catalyst
b) promoter d) true constant

16) Who first proposed the atomic theory?

a) John Dalton c) Lord Kelvin
b) Julius Robert d) William Thomson

17) What is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid

slightly exceeds the pressure of the atmosphere above the liquid?
a) absolute zero c) Kelvin
b) boiling point d) melting point

18) What theory states that equal volumes of different gases contain the
same number of molecules when compared under the same conditions.
a) Quantum Theory c) Molecular Law
b) Kinetic Theory d) Avogadro's Law

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 PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

19) Who first came up with the periodic table?

a) Amedeo Avogadro c) Charles Darwin
b) Dmitri Mendeleev d) Isaac Newton

20) What is the number of the element on the Periodic Table called?
a) periodic number c) quantum number
b) element number d) atomic number

21) Who invented the X-ray?

a) Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen c) Pierre Curie
b) Marie Curie d) Ernest Rutherford

22) Who's theory proposed that electrons are arranged in shells, or

quantum levels, at a distance from the nucleus?
a) Rutherford c) Bohr
b) Newton d) Davis

23) What was Melvin Calvin was known for his study of?
a) x-rays c) magnetics
b) photosythesis d) boiling point

24) What are chemical changes in organic substances caused by the action
of enzymes called?
a) reaction c) enzymiphication
b) oxidation d) fermentation

25) What compounds are formed by the reaction of acids and alcohols?
a) ethers c) esters
b) enzymes d) bases

26) Who was key to developing the valence theory?

a) Melvin Calvin c) Sir Edward Franklin
b) Henry Dow d) Humphry David

27) Who invented vulcanization for the rubber industry?

a) Charles Goodyear c) Robert Michelin
b) James Firestone d) Albert Brookstone

28) What process combines rubber and sulfur at a high temperature?

a) fulmination c) fermentation
b) vulcanization d) distillation

29) Who won the 1944 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work in nuclear
fission?
a) Fritz Straussmann c) Otto Hahn
b) Joseph Lussac d) Johann Glauber

30) Who invented the Carbon-14 dating method?

a) Irving Langmuir c) August Hofmann
b) Williard Libby d) Otto Hahn

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 PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

31) What is the ability of a solid substance to resist abrasion and

surface deformation called?
a) hardness c) conductivity
b) softness d) tensile strength

32) What is the resistance to breakage called?

a) hardness c) malleability
b) elasticity d) tensile strength

33) What is the ability to return to the original shape after being
deformed called?
a) hardness c) malleability
b) elasticity d) tensile strength

34) What is the ability to be shaped called?

a) hardness c) malleability
b) elasticity d) tensile strength

35) A 0.8040-g sample of an iron ore is dissolved in acid. The iron is

then reduced to Fe+2 and titrated with 47.22 mL of 0.02242 M KMnO4
(158.04g/mol) solution. Calculate the results of this analysis in
terms of %Fe (55.847g/mol).
a) 22.06% b)36.77% c)14.71% d)44.12%

36) A 0.992-g sample of canned tuna was analyzed by the Kjeldahl method;
22.66 mL of 0.1224 M HCl were required to titrate the liberated
ammonia. Calculate the percentage of Nitrogen in the sample.
a) 11.74% b)7.83% c)3.91% d)0.28%

37) Calculate the pH of a buffer prepared by adding 10 mL of a 0.10 M

acetic acid to 20 mL of 0.10 M sodium acetate. (Ka = 1.75^-5)
a) 5.06 b)4.46 c)9.54 d)6.02

38) What is the pH of an aqueous solution that is 14.0% HCl (36.46g/mol)

by weight and has a density of 1.054 g/mL?
a) -0.573 b)-0.507 c)-0.673 d)-0.607

39) What is the pH of the resulting solution made by mixing 25 mL of 0.1

M HCl and 15 mL of 0.1 M NaOH?
a) 1.40 b)1.60 c)1.00 d)0.40

40) The Zn in a 0.7556-gram sample of foot powder was titrated with

21.27 mL of 0.01645 M EDTA. Calculate the percent Zn (65.37g/mol) in
this sample.
a) 2.87% b)2.95% c)3.03% d)3.18%

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 PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

41) A 0.7121 g sample of wheat flour was analyzed by the Kjeldahl

method. The ammonia formed by addition of concentrated base after
digestion with H2SO4 was distilled into 25.00 mL of 0.04977 M HCl.
The excess HCl was then back titrated with 3.97 mL of 0.04012 M
NaOH. Calculate the percent protein in the flour (f = 5.70)
a) 12.16% b)24.32% c)12.79 d)6.40%

42) Calculate the pH of a 0.010 M solution of NaCN. (Ka = 7.2^-10)

a) 11.57 b)10.57 c)12.57 d)9.57

43) Using the equilibrium constants given for reactions (1) and (2),
what is the equilibrium constant for reaction (3)?
(1) 2NO(g) + O2(g) → N2O4(g) Kp = 1.49 × 10^13
(2) 2NO(g) + O2(g) → 2NO2(g) Kp = 1.66 × 10^12
(3) N2O4(g) → 2NO2(g)
a) 0.0123 b) 0.111 c) 8.98 d) 80.3

44) Calculate the difference in calories between G and A at 25C for

the reaction:
H2 (g, 1atm) + 1/2 O2 (g, 1 atm)  H2O(l)

a. –256 cal b. –888 cal c. –904 cal d. –1058 cal

45) A liquid is observed to boil at 120C under a pressure of 725 mm Hg.

Its molar heat of vaporization is 8200 cal/mol. Calculate the normal
boiling point of the liquid.
a. 121.76C b. 120.80C c. 118.16C d. 112.54C

46) A 0.01 molal solution of K3Fe(CN)6 freezes at –0.062C. What is its

apparent degree of dissociation?
a. 25.9% b. 47.2% c. 67.2% d. 78%

47) How many grams of urea must be added to 4000 grams of water to make
the solution boil at 100.32C?
a. 75.3 grams b. 150.5 grams c. 185.4 grams d. 205.6 grams

48) What is the solubility of CaF2 in water in mols of CaF2 per L of

solution? Ksp for CaF2 is 1.7 × 10^10.
a. 9.2×10^—6 M b. 1.3×10^—5 M c. 3.5×10^—4 M d. 5.5×10^—4 M

49) What is the solubility in mol/L of BaF2 in 0.10M MgF2? Ksp for
BaF2 = 1.7 × 10^-6.
a. 1.7×10^-4 M b. 1.7×10^-5 M c. 4.3×10^-5 M d. 8.5×10^-6 M
50) Oxidation of which of the following compounds can lead to an
aldehyde?
a. primary alcohol b. secondary alcohol c. tertiary alcohol d. ether

51) Oxidation of which of the following compounds can lead to ketone?

a. primary alcohol b. secondary alcohol c. tertiary alcohol d. ether

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 PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

52) Hydrolysis of an ester leads to two compounds. Which of the

following pairs compounds is formed from such a hydrolysis?
a. An alcohol and an aldehyde c. An alcohol and a carboxylic acid
b. Two alcohols d. A ketone and a carboxylic acid

53) Which of the following compounds would you expect to be the most
soluble in water?
a. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 c. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
b. CH3CH2CH2OH d. CH3CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH3

54) Which of the following is the best definition of the chemical

nature of soap?
a. A soap is a very long molecule.
b. A soap is a long chain carboxylic acid.
c. A soap is an ester of glycerol and a long chain carboxylic acid.
d. A soap is a salt of a long chain carboxylic acid.

55) The molecule among those in the following list that can be
classified as an amide is
a. CH3NH2 b. CH3CONH2 c. CH3CHO d. CH3COOH

56) Which of the following amino acids has sulfur in the R group?
a. Serine b. Cysteine c. Asparagine d. Tyrosine

57) Triglycerides which are solids or semisolids at room temperature

are called:
a. oil b. Fat c. Steroid d. Cholesterol

58) One ml of a bacterial culture was pipetted into a 9 ml dilution

blank. One-tenth ml of this dilution was pipetted into a 9.9 ml
dilution blank. From this dilution, one-tenth ml was plated with 25 ml
of culture medium. 220 colonies arose after incubation. How many
colony-forming units were present per ml of the original culture?

a. 2.2 x 10^6 b. 2.2 x 10^5 c. 2.2 x 10^4 d. 2.2 x 10^7

59) The Philippine cornstarch Corporation prepares pharmaceutical

glucose from cornstarch by enzyme hydrolysis. It was observed that
when the starch concentration of the slurry was 5%, the rate of
conversion of starch to glucose was 0.04 kg/s. When the starch
concentration was made 10%, the turnover rate was 0.07 kg/s. The
maximum production level of glucose that can reasonably be attained
per shift of 8 hours is

a. 6084 kg b. 8064 kg c. 1008 kg d. 0.28 kg

60) An act to Control Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear

Wastes providing penalties for violation thereof

a. RA 8749 b. RA 9003 c. RA 9275 d. RA 6969

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 PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

61) The difference between the actual property value of a solution and
the value it would have as an ideal solution at the same T and P and
composition is called

a. Residual b. Excess c. Partial property d. Gibbs free energy

62) A certain quantity of nitrogen gas collected over water at 20C and
at a total pressure of 745 mm Hg has a volume of 200 mL. What will be
the volume of the nitrogen in a completely dry state at 780 mm Hg
pressure and at 48C. The vapor pressure of water at 20C is 17.54 mm
Hg.
a) 211.45 mL b) 209.27 mL c) 206.75 mL d) 204.34 mL

63) Among the following processes, all of the following will produce an
alkane from an alkyl halide except
a) Wurtz Synthesis c) Reduction with Zn
b) Hydrogenation d) Corey-House Synthesis

64) The following are correctly named except

a) 3-ethylpentane c) N-methylbutanamide
b) p-dichlorobenzene d) 5-hexanone

65) Aromatic compounds are characteristics of

a) Electrophilic substitution c) Nucleophilic substitution
b) Electrophilic addition d) Electrophilic addition

66) Delocalization of pi electrons

a) Rearrangement c)hyperconjugation
b) isomerism d)resonance

67) Hydration of alkynes yields

a) epoxide b) ketone c) alcohol d) ether

68) The sequence of steps to produce o-nitrobenzoic acid from benzene

is
(1) Friedel-Crafts Alkylation (2) Nitration (3) Oxidation
a) 123 b) 132 c) 213 d) 231

69) Markovnikoff’s addition of HBr to alkynes dominantly produces

a) Geminal dihalide c) tetrahalide
b) Vicinal dihalide d) halohydrin

70) Ozonolysis of alkenes gives a/an

a) aldehydes b) alcohol c) ether d) ester

71) Which of the following reactions will yield an alcohol from alkenes?
a) Oxymercuration-Demercuration c) Hydroxylation
b) Hydroboration-Oxidation d) all of the above

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 PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

72) Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?
a) N-pentane b) isopentane c) neopentane d) isobutene

73) A sequence in which a C=C double bond is oxidatively converted to two

carbonyl groups through sequential treatment with O3, followed by Zn in acetic
acid
a) Oxidation c) Oxymercuration-Demercuration
b) Ozonolysis d) Hydroboration-Oxidation

74) An addition reaction initiated by attack by an electron-deficient reagent

(an electrophile), often a proton from a hydronium ion
a) Electrophilic Addition c) Oxidation
b) Nucleophilic Addition d) Ozonolysis

75) A reaction sequence used to achieve anti-Markovnikov hydration of an

alkene; initiated by concerted syn addition of borane, followed by oxidation
with basic hydrogen peroxide
a) Oxidation c) Oxymercuration-Demercuration
b) Ozonolysis d) Hydroboration-Oxidation

76) What is the common name of this compound – C6H5OCH3?

a) Aniline c) Cumene
b) Styrene d) Anisole

77) The influence of mixing of s and p orbitals; the greater the fraction of
s character of the hybrid orbital, the more electronegative is the atom
a) Hybridization c) Hybridization Effect
b) Hybrid Orbitals d) Hybrid

78) Name the Alkane

CH3
CH3 H 2C
a) 2-ethyl-3,4-dimethylpentane
b) c) 3,4,5-trimethylhexane
CH CH c) 4-ethyl-2,3-dimethylpentane
H 3C CH CH3 d) 2,3,4-trimethylhexane

CH3
79) Name the Alkane
CH3 a) 2-methyl-3-bromobutane
b) 2-methyl-2-bromobutane
CH CH3 c) 2-bromo-3-methylbutane
d) 3-bromo-2-methylbutane
H 3C CH

Br

80)A homolytic substitution of halogen for hydrogen, often in an alkane

a) Nucleophilic substitution c) Electrophilic aromatic substitution
b) Free radical substitution d) Electrophilic addition

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 PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

81) Name the Alkene

H a) 2-methyl-2-butene
C CH3 b) 1,2-dimethylpropene
H 3C C c) 3-methyl-2-butene
d) none of the above
CH3

82) Name the Alkene

CH3 a) Z-3,4-dimethyl-3-hexene
b) Z-3,4-diethyl-3-hexene
H2
C C
c) E-3,4-dimethyl-3-hexene
H 3C
d) E-3,4-diethyl-3-hexene
H 2C C CH3

CH3

83) The alkene formed is the one that is more alkyl substituted.
a) Markovnikoff’s Rule c) Saitsev’s Rule
b) Hoffman’s Rule d) Huckel’s Rule

84) What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

H2 a) 4-ethyl-2-fluoroaniline
C F b) 4-ethyl-2-fluoroanisole
H 3C c) 4-ethyl-6-fluoroaniline
d) 4-ethyl-6-fluoroanisole

NH2
85)What is the major product of the reaction?

a) Aniline c) Benzene
b) Benzonitrile d) Iodobenzene

86)The final product of hydration of an alkyne is a/an __________.

a) Enol b) Alkene c) Ketone d) Alcohol

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 PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

87-91) Consider a continuous steady-state process in which the

following reactions take place:
C6H12 + 6 H2O → 6 CO + 12 H2
C6H12 + H2 → C6H14
In process 250 moles of C6H12 and 800 moles of H2O are fed into the
reactor each hour. The yield of H2 is 40.0% and the selectivity of H2
relative to C6H14 is 12.0.
87) What is the limiting reactant?
a) Hexane b) Water c) Hydrogen d)Hexene

88) Calculate the molar flow rate (mol/h) of water in the output stream.
a) 138.39 b) 453.32 c) 346.68 d) 640

89) Calculate the extent of the first reaction, is

a) 53.33 b) 57.78 c) 346.68 d) 138.89

90) Calculate the extent of the second reaction, is

a) 53.33 b) 57.78 c) 346.68 d) 138.89

91) Calculate the mole fraction of carbon monoxide in the output stream
a) 0.09 b) 0.28 c) 0.21 d) 0.39

92) Balance the chemical equation given K4Fe(CN)6 + H2SO4 + H2O =

K2SO4 + FeSO4 + (NH4)2SO4 + CO
a) 1,6,6,2,1,3,6 c) 6,3,1,2,6,6,1
b) 2,6,6,2,1,3,6 d) 1,6,6,2,1,2,6

93) ________ is a method of sequencing amino acids in a peptide.[1] In

this method, the amino-terminal residue is labeled and cleaved from
the peptide without disrupting the peptide bonds between other amino
acid residues.
a) Markovnikov Degradation c) Lewis Sequencing
b) Edman Degradation d) Hall reaction

94) A 5.00 mL aliquot of bleach (density = 1.61 g/mL) was diluted and
treated with excess KI to convert hypochlorite to chloride. The
liberated I2 required 22.85 mL of 0.214 M Na2S2O3 for titration.
Calculate the % ClO– (51.45 g/mol) in the bleach.
a)4.18% b) 2.72% c) 1.56% d) 3.12%

95) Balance the chemical equation K4Fe(CN)6 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 = KHSO4 +

Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + HNO3 + CO2 + H2O

a) 60,60,188,10,122,299,162,5,122
b) 122,299,162,5,122,60,60,188,10
c) 188,60,60,122,5,162,299,122,10
d) 10,122,299,162,5,122,60,60,188

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 PREBOARD EXAM (PHYSICALAND CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES)

96) A base mixture sample weighing 976 mg was dissolved in sufficient

water to make 100 mL solution and divided into two equal portions. The
first portion was titrated with 52.05 mL of 0.1004M HCl to the methyl
red end point. The other portion was titrated with 23.02 mL of the
acid to the phenolphthalein endpoint. Calculate the % composition of
sample.
a) 50.16% NaHCO3, 50.20% Na2CO3 c)23.90% NaHCO3, 50.20% Na2CO3
b) 10.38% NaHCO3, 50.20% Na2CO3 d)18.94% NaHCO3, 62.70% Na2CO3

97) The phosphate in a 3000 mg sample of industrial detergent was

precipitated by the addition of 1 gram AgNO3. The solution was filtered
and the filtrate required 18.23 mL of 0.1377 M KSCN. Calculate the
percentage of phosphate in the detergent. AgNO3 (169.87 g/mol) PO4–3
(94.97 g/mol)
a)3.56% b) 7.12% c) 5.35% d) 10.69%

98) Calculate the weight of primary standard Na2C2O4 (134 g/mol)

necessary to react with 25 mL of 0.2005 M KMnO4 in acidic medium.
a)0.671 gram b) 1.343 grams c) 1.679 grams d) 2.687 grams

99) Which of the following types of precipitimetry is used as a direct

method for halide determination?
a)Mohr method b) Volhard method c) Fajans method d) none of these

100) A 0.0722 M acid has pH of 3.11, what is the Ka of the acid?

a)4.2 x 10-6 b) 8.35 x 10-6 c)8.35 x 10-7 d) 4.2 x 10-7

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