1.

0 IDENTIFICATION OF ASPECT, IMPACT AND RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES

1.1 Introduction

Most project activities involve a drastic change in both physical and biological components of the
natural environment. The project will involve minor earthwork and this will results in the exposure
of topsoil to erosive rain and earthwork activities enhance formation of loose soils. During and
after rains, surface runoff will transport the soils into drainage systems and receiving water bodies
resulting in siltation. As a result, the capacity of the existing drainage system to contain surface
runoff is reduced and this increases the risk of flash floods in low-lying areas. Besides silt, there
is also the potential of waste materials and pollutants entering nearby natural waterways and
water bodies. Improper storage and disposal of wastes can lead to pollution impacts on both soil
and surface waters.

It is expected that an increase in dust and noise levels as well as vehicular traffic will be
noticeable within the immediate construction area. These potential impacts have to be evaluated
against nearby receptors i.e. the natural environment and the human community. The main
activities that have been identified to generate environmental impacts within the site and the
surrounding areas are earthworks and construction of the building.

1.2 Pre Construction Phase

Site surveying and preliminary investigation works are carried out in tandem with the project
planning stage and are not expected to cause any significant impacts on the existing
environment. The main activities during these preliminary works are survey of flora and fauna
and the monitoring of water quality, air and noise levels. These do not disturb the physical
environment. No significant adverse impacts are expected during this stage as disturbance to
flora and fauna is temporary, minimal and negligible.

1.3 Construction Phase

1.3.1 Soil Erosion and Sedimentation

Earthworks and construction activities will inevitably involve land disturbance whereby the soil
surface will be exposed to physical elements such as wind and rain. Heavy rain and strong winds
can erode the bare ground surfaces which may subsequently lead to increased soil loss and
sedimentation of the nearby drainage if appropriate mitigation measures are not taken.

The impacts related to soil erosion can be categorized under off-site or on-site impacts. Potential
on-site impacts that may happen without mitigation measures are:
 Clogged temporary drains that may lead to localized flooding or water ponding
 Unsightly appearance of construction works
 High sedimentation and increased maintenance of silt traps
 High cost in maintenance of the drainage system.

The possible off-site impacts are:

 Increase TSS load and siltation of surface run off into existing drains

 Water pollution in terms of turbidity due to an increase in sediment and suspended solids.
 Reduction in the aesthetic value of the receiving nearby drainage system.

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1.3.2 Hydrological Regime and Drainage Systems

The potential impact on the hydrological regime is a change in runoff within the catchment area.
This arises from the increased proportion of less permeable area and shorter retention as a result
of landuse conversion. Improper disposal of debris, construction wastes and domestic waste may
clog the local drainage systems thus obstructing free flow of the surface runoff.

1.3.3 Water Quality

Earthwork and construction will expose the soil to the rain and eventually the erosive forces of the
surface runoff. The soil-laden runoff will eventually discharges into the waterways, resulting in
increased turbidity and total suspended solids in water deteriorating water quality. Indiscriminate
disposal or careless disposal of construction waste and debris into waterways will cause a
physical impediment to drainage flow as well as reduced aesthetic appeal. Improper storage and
handling of oil and petroleum products and agricultural chemicals may also result in leakage or
discharge of the pollutants into waterways and this will also severely impact the quality of the
receiving waters.

1.3.4 Solid and Scheduled Waste

Solid waste generated from the construction stage includes construction debris as well as
domestic waste from the site office. In addition, there will also be scheduled wastes such as
waste oil, lubricants, paints and other chemicals used during the construction phase. The most
obvious impacts from the mismanagement of these wastes would be the pollution of the
surrounding drains.

1.3.5 Air Quality

During the construction phase, construction works will generate an increased level of dust. Any
excessive emissions from the construction vehicles and machinery could contribute to
degradation of the air quality. The continuous movement of construction vehicles into and out of
the site that is transporting raw construction materials may also aggravate the situation. Another
area of concern is the emission of diesel fumes from vehicles and machinery. However, no
adverse impact to the air quality is expected.

1.3.6 Noise levels

The sources of noise are expected to be from the heavy vehicles and machinery operating
(including piling) within the construction site. The potential noise generation is minimal and is
expected to be intermittent, localized and short-term and the disturbance will cease upon
completion of the construction phase. The noise level will be higher at the work sites where
construction activity is in progress. Piling work is a localized noise-generating source that can
affect the immediate surrounding areas.

1.3.7 Traffic

Traffic arising from construction activities mainly involves the transport of workers, materials and
construction wastes in and out of the project site. The main construction traffic comprises
construction heavy vehicles i.e., vehicles used in transporting construction materials such as
earth, cement, steel, concrete etc. to the Project site. In addition, spillage from the trucks carrying

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these materials to/from the Project site may dirty the roads to the detriment of other road users.
This may pose a public hazard and cause inconvenience to other road users.

1.3.8 Social

An immediate potential benefit of the proposed project to the local population is the generation of
employment and business opportunities. Raw materials, machinery and equipment required for
the construction of the proposed project will create business opportunities for the local suppliers
and contractors.

There will be some business opportunities for the locals to meet the demand of the workers at the
work site. Some jobs are expected to be generated and hence the effect of the spin-off should
somehow be able to contribute towards helping the local economies. The construction phase will
require manual workers, skilled workers and professionals. The majority will be manual unskilled
labour required for the site preparation and construction-related activities. The work force can be
supplied from the local population. However, foreign workers will also be recruited if there are not
enough local workers.

The increase in demand for infrastructures and services to accommodate them may give rise to
social problems. Negative and wrong perceptions may lead to their presence being a source of
discontent to the local population as a result of differences in their pattern of social interaction,
behavior, customs and traditions. In addition, foreign and local workers are expected to arrive at
the project site in search of jobs and employment. Although not always the case, surrounding
residents may perceive this as the cause of the increase in the incidence of thefts or petty crimes
around the residential area.

1.3.9 Health and Safety Concerns

On the whole, the project is not likely to cause any detrimental health effects to the public. Any
potential minor impact on public health and safety is likely to occur during the construction phase
of the proposed project being mainly due to the presence of heavy vehicles/machineries (i.e.
trucks, mixers, etc.). The noise and vibration arising from this can be a source of irritation and
discomfort to those living close to the project site. Improper housekeeping and waste
management at work areas could provide breeding grounds for mosquitoes, flies and rats that
may cause adverse health impacts to local residents. Besides, the movement of heavy vehicles
entering and exiting the construction site could be a hazard to the safety of residents in the local
vicinity if no proper traffic management plan is implemented.

Potential occupational hazards at construction sites pose a threat to the health and safety of
construction workers. Continuous exposure to hazards such as noise and dust emissions is likely
to cause adverse health effects to workers. In addition, improper management of sanitary
facilities such as sewage and solid waste may affect the general health of workers.

In relation to health, the threat of water and food-borne diseases such as food poisoning, diarrhea
diseases, typhoid and dysentery as a result of unhygienic work condition, must also be
considered. There is also a high possibility of diseases such as tuberculosis and malaria.

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 Table 1.1: Summary of Potential Environment Aspects and Impacts

Environmental Possible Potential

Possible Causes Potential Receptors
Aspects Impacts
Erosion and  Soil Erosion  Site clearing  Sg. Bayan Lepas
Sedimentation  Siltation of  Earthworks  Existing Earth
drainage system  Piling activities Drain
and water way  Tributary
Water quality  Increase in TSS  Soil washout/soil erosion  Sg. Bayan Lepas
and turbidity level  Sediment runoff from the  Existing Earth
 Increase in COD earthworks and construction Drain
and BOD5 works  Tributary
 Increase in oil  Sewage and sullage arising from
and grease the improper usage and
 Blockage of maintenance of sanitation
drainage flow facilities at the site area.
 Improper storage and handling
of oil and petroleum products
 Indiscriminate disposal of
construction debris
Air quality  Increased TSP,  Earthwork including cut and fill  Nearby residents
NO2 and SO2 activities along widening
levels  Construction vehicles and
 Dust and machinery
particulate  Transportation of construction
emission materials and piling works
 Movement of construction
vehicles into and out of Project
site.
Noise level  High noise levels  Movement of heavy vehicles to
exceeding and from site
regulatory limits  Machinery and equipment
operating at the Project site
 Piling and construction activities
Solid &  Oil staining /  Leakages and spillage of oil and  Sg. Bayan Lepas
Scheduled contamination petroleum storage as well as  Existing Earth
Waste  Water pollution handling and transfer of oil and Drain
petroleum products.  Tributary
 Improper disposal of solid
wastes (construction and
domestic) and scheduled waste
(waste oil and lubricant)

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 Table 1.1: Summary of Potential Environment Impacts (cont’d)

Environmental Possible Potential

Possible Causes Potential Receptors
Aspects Impacts
Traffic  Traffic congestion  Movement of construction  Residents near
 Increase of vehicles transporting the site access
accident risk construction material and debris points and the
in and out of site. affected roads
Social  Social conflict,  Nuisance  Nearby residents
annoyance and  Community health and safety
displeasure  Lack of general housekeeping
and waste management
Health and  Health hazard  Construction activities  Site workers and
safety concerns  Occupational nearby residents
health and safety
issues

1.4 Potential Impacts and Pollution Control Measures

The implementation of the proposed Jalan Persekututan FT 006 is expected to generate both
beneficial and adverse impacts on the environment, in terms of physical and social aspects. The
impact assessment takes into consideration the general project activities that are expected during
the pre-construction phase, construction phase and operational phase.

The various potential impacts under respective environmental aspects and mitigation measures
are listed in Table 1.2.

Table 1.2: Summary of Potential Environment Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Environmental Possible Potential

Mitigation Measures
Aspects Impacts
Construction Phase
Erosion and  Soil Erosion a) Earthworks
Sedimentation  Siltation of  Earthworks should be scheduled as much as possible
drainage water during the dry season to reduce surface runoff.
way  Earthwork shall be carried out in a systematic and orderly
manner to minimize ground surfaces being exposed for long
periods.
 Site clearing activities should be limited within the project
ROW and should be carried out cautiously to prevent
destruction of the road reserve.
 Before commencement of earthwork, silt traps and
temporary drain shall be constructed to channel surface
runoff for control of sediment discharge.

b) Control of Earthworks and Construction Activities

 Mitigation measures in the form of temporary drainage; and
silt traps and silt fences must be constructed prior to the
commencement of any earthworks.

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 Table 1.2: Summary of Potential Environment Impacts and Mitigation Measures (cont’d)

Environmental Possible
Mitigation Measures
Aspects Potential Impacts
Erosion and Temporary Drainage
Sedimentation - The temporary drainage shall be regularly inspected and
maintained especially after heavy rainfall. De-silting of the
drains should be carried out periodically to avoid blockage of
flow.
- Maintenance of temporary drainage shall be implemented to
prevent any failures that could result in the deterioration of the
water quality.
- The temporary drainage should be altered as and when
necessary to keep the site free of standing water.

Silt Fence/Silt Trap

- Silt fences should be installed where necessary at areas
fronting the rivers to channel surface water runoff from the
slopes into the silt traps.
- Maintenance of the silt trap needs to be carried out frequently
especially during rainy weather to ensure that the silt traps are
functioning effectively.
- The silt traps should be inspected after a storm event and
removal of silt shall be carried out to ensure a depth
requirement of no less than 30%.
- The sediment removed from the silt trap shall be disposed at
designated area where it cannot re-enter the drainage or
waterways.
- Construction waste material washed into the silt trap must be
removed immediately to prevent any blockage or damage to
the riser pipe or outlet pipe.
- The silt traps are temporary measures but they must be
maintained until the site area is completed and permanently
protected against erosion by vegetation and/or structures.

c) Cut and Fill

 The amount of cut and fill is estimated to be 24,900 m 3 (cut)

and 217,100 m3 (fill). Unsuitable material will be disposed at
the designated disposal area located at Jalan Perusahaan
Jelutong.
 The cut slopes should have a safe angle of response to slope
failure, be appropriately benched and be cover cropped.
 Slope protection measures in the form of RE wall and RC wall
will be carried out at various locations.
 The filled area should be properly compacted and turfed as
soon as possible.
 The open area should be covered soonest possible through
methods such as turfing, hydro-seeding or artificial covers.

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 Table 1.2: Summary of Potential Environment Impacts and Mitigation Measures (cont’d)

Environmental Possible Potential

Mitigation Measures
Aspects Impacts
Erosion and d) Stockpiles/Burrow Area
Sedimentation  The area for temporary stockpiles should be located away
from surface runoff flow paths and not be placed adjacent to
waterways.
 Stockpiles should be compacted or covered with plastic /
geotextile sheets to minimize wind and water erosion.

Water Quality  Increase in TSS a) Monitoring Programme

 Increase in BOD &
COD  Monthly TSS monitoring shall be carried out at the upstream
 Discharge of Oil & and downstream of Sg. Bayan Lepas.
Grease  The TSS level shall comply with the limit of less than 100
 Water quality mg/l before being discharged into any waterways. The silt
deterioration traps should be regularly maintained to ensure its
 Public health and effectiveness.
sanitary problems  A monthly monitoring report for water quality monitoring
shall be evaluated and submitted to JKR.

b) Oil and Petroleum Products

 No underground storage tanks or buried pipes and hoses for

petroleum products shall be installed on-site.
 Storage area for oil and petroleum products such as diesel
must be placed on a hard standing surface and contained
within a bunded area. The bunded area should have a
holding capacity of 110% of the volume of the largest
storage tank.
 The handling area for transfer of petroleum products and
refueling of machinery should be concrete and protected by
low bunds or shallow drains directed into a small sump that
allows for recovery of any spills.
 Oil and grease is prohibited from being disposed on site or
discharged into any watercourse. Spent oil and grease from
machines and generators shall be collected, handled and
disposed.
 Any spent / waste oil shall be collected in drums, labeled
and placed within a sheltered, paved and bunded area prior
to disposal. The storage and handling shall be carried out
according to the Scheduled Waste Regulations, 2005.
 All construction machinery on site must be properly
maintained to ensure that leakages do not occur.
 Any oil and grease spills should be cleaned up as soon as
possible to prevent oil contamination of the waterways.

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 Table 1.2: Summary of Potential Environment Impacts and Mitigation Measures (cont’d)

Environmental Possible Potential

Mitigation Measures
Aspects Impacts
Water Quality c) Sewage, Sullage Discharge and Sanitation

 No site office and site workers camps shall be constructed

in the project site.
 All washings from the storage and work areas should be
directed through the silt trap. Direct discharge of untreated
sewage and sludge into waterways is not permitted.
 Sewage and sullage originating from project facilities must
be treated to comply with Standard A of the Environmental
Quality (Sewage) Regulations, 2009 before being released
into any watercourse.
 Core work areas should be provided with temporary or
portable toilets. All on-site toilet facilities shall meet
standards set by Department of Sewerage System.
 All site workers shall be informed of site management rules
regarding the use of portable toilet facilities and ablutions at
unauthorized areas is prohibited.
Air quality  Increased TSP, NO2 a) Monitoring Programme
and SO2 levels
 Dust and particulate  A quarterly air quality monitoring programme shall be
emission carried out to monitor the air quality near to sensitive
receptor. Air quality results shall be compared with the
Recommended Malaysian Air Quality Guidelines.
 Any gaseous and air pollutants emission must comply with
the levels specified under the Environmental Quality (Clean
Air) Regulations 1978.

b) Housekeeping

 Open burning of solid waste such as construction debris on

site is strictly prohibited as per the Environmental Quality
(Declared Activities) (Open Burning) Order, 2003.
 Good housekeeping is to be implemented to control fugitive
dust effectively. Land surfaces, particularly travel and
access routes, must be wetted to prevent dust turbulence.

c) Transportation of Materials

 Speeds of heavy vehicles within the construction site

should be limited to 30 km/hr.
 Regular maintenance of vehicles and machinery helps to
reduce emissions of smoke and other air pollutants.
 Earth transporting vehicles should be properly covered with
canvas sheets and secured properly to minimize dust and
particulate dispersion to the surrounding atmosphere.

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 Table 1.2: Summary of Potential Environment Impacts and Mitigation Measures (cont’d)

Environmental Possible Potential

Mitigation Measures
Aspects Impacts
Air Quality d) Water Spraying and Wash Trough
 The wheels of construction or transportation vehicles
should be washed thoroughly (i.e. in a wash trough) before
leaving the project site to prevent the tracking of mud onto
public roads.
 Wash water from the wash trough should be channeled into
the silt trap before being discharged to any waterways.
 Wetting of the site using a water bowser should be carried
out as and when needed to prevent dust turbulence.
 The surface of the main routes, especially construction
vehicles route must be wetted to prevent dust generation at
all time during earthworks and construction activities.

e) Generators / Equipment
 Installation of fuel burning equipment must first obtain the
written approval from the Director General of
Environmental Quality as required under the Environmental
Quality (Clean Air) Regulations 1978, P.U. (A) 280.
 Generator set that consumes more than 15 kg/hr of fuel
must obtain prior written approval from DOE.
Noise Level  High noise levels a) Monitoring Programme
 A quarterly monitoring report for noise level shall be
submitted to JKR.
b) Construction Works and Piling
 Warning sign should be installed at high-level noise areas
to alert workers of the noise danger especially when piling
is carried out.
 Piling and construction activities which emit high noise
levels should be controlled to prevent disturbance to the
nearby residents and educational building. Piling works
should be limited during daytime only.
 The use of appropriate noise absorbers may be required if
noise level exceed permissible limits.
 Personal protection equipment (PPE) such as ear-muffs
shall be utilized to protect workers exposed to high noise
levels. Workers working at these areas should conform to
the present legislation on the duration of exposure to
certain noise levels.
Vibration  High vibration levels  The vibration levels during the piling works should be within
the recommended limits based on “The Planning
Guidelines for Vibration Limits and Control in the
Environment” by DOE.
 Vibration level should be monitored during the piling and
the report will be submitted to JKR if necessary or
instructed by JKR.

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1.5 Erosion and Sediment Control Plan

Runoff from construction sites can contribute significant sediment loads to receiving water. The
ESCP ensures that sediment transport is addressed in one of the most crucial stages of the
project that is planning stage. Good planning is the first step in preventing sediments from
damaging the receiving water ecosystem. However, it is equally important to ensure erosion
sediment control measures are correctly installed and maintained on site.

The purpose of the Erosion Sediment Control Plan is to provide temporary measures that will be
implemented during construction stage. It aims to prevent and minimize adverse effects of
sediment transport from on site to offsite areas.

The ESCP prepared by the consulting engineer will be adhered to during the construction of the
project.

The Best Management Practices (BMP) for the proposed project are outlined below:

1. Site works will not start until erosion and sediment control works outlined in items 2 to 5
below are installed and functional.

2. Entry and exit to the site will be confined to the stabilized locations. Hoarding fence will be
used to restrict all vehicular movement to the stabilized site access. Stabilization will be
achieved by constructing stabilized site access.

3. 2 wash troughs will be constructed at the entrance access to prevent silt from leaving the
construction site.

4. 2 units of water bowser and 2 units of water jets will be provided on site to prevent dust
emission from construction vehicles.

5. Silt fences will be installed at high risk area where existing platform is higher from the road.

6. RC wall and RE wall will be constructed on site as slope protection and prevention from soil
erosion.

7. Before earthworks commence, temporary earth drains will be provided around the site
perimeter and within the site to divert surface water into temporary sump.

8. All sediment and erosion controls will be checked at least weekly and after rain to ensure
they are maintained in good working order.

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