Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

LAW OF MASS ACTION- The rate of a chemical reaction is proportional to the

active masses of the reactants.
aA + bB + cC products

rA = k CAαCBβCCγ

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

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Requirements for two components

to react with each other:
1. There should be collision between the
reactants

2. The activation energy supplied must be

sufficient

3. They must be in the correct position or

orientation

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

Collision Theory

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Activation Energy

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

Kinetic Energy

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Transition State Theory

The activated complex is a hypothetical
species lying between reactants and
products at a point on the reaction
profile called the transition state.

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

Catalysis on a Surface

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Enzyme Catalysis

k1 k2
E+S ES ES → E + P
k-1

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

Saturation Kinetics
k1 k2
E+S ES → E + P
k-1

d[P]
= k2[ES]
dt

d[ES]
= k1[E][S] – k-1[ES] – k2[ES]= 0
dt
k1[E][S] = (k-1+k2 )[ES]
k1[E]0 [S]
[ES] =
[E] = [E]0 – [ES] (k-1+k2 ) + k1[S]

k1[S]([E]0 –[ES]) = (k-1+k2 )[ES]

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Michaelis--Menten
Michaelis
d[P] k1k2[E]0 [S]
=
dt (k-1+k2 ) + k1[S]

d[P] k2[E]0 [S]

= d[P]
dt (k-1+k2 ) + [S] = k2[E]0
dt
k1

d[P] d[P] k2
k2[E]0 [S] = [E]0 [S]
=
dt KM + [S] dt KM

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

Types of Ideal Reactors

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Stirred Reactors with Heat Transfer

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

Bubble Column Reactors

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Concentration Profiles in Reactors

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Arrhenius Plot
N2O5(CCl4) → N2O4(CCl4) + ½ O2(g)

-Ea
= -1.2 104 K
R

-Ea = 1.0 102 kJ mol-1

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

Backmix Reactor Plug Flow Reactor/Batch Reactor

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Comparison of Backmix and Plug Flow Reactors

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

Reaction behavior in a semi-log plot

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

-rA

CA For some isothermal rate equations and

Their integrals, see Table 7-2 P/8th
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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

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MULTIPLE REACTORS

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

MULTIPLE REACTORS

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MULTIPLE REACTORS
Analytical Method

If the number of reactors in the series of CSTRs approaches

infinity, the entire system will behave like a plug flow reactor.

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Lecture Notes in Reaction Kinetics 7/4/2017

CSTR with Unequal Volume

How to determine the total minimum volume of 2 CSTRs in series,

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Discussion of Review Questions and Problems

Next

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