Baulkham Hills High School a Higher School Certificate’ ~ 4 Trial Examination ¥ 1. Why do all objects any paticulr point om the Earth's surface accelerate at he saree in 2011 fice fall? 1) The gravitational force ating on each objects the same 1b) The gravitational force on each object is proportional to its mass ©) The acceleration is directly proportional to the gravitational force acing om eachfhass {2 The aceleraton i direty proportional to the mass ofeach object. : as ean eae TF Ee Sens de ysics Fea es ee ar toni eae helow. (Ai resistance is negligible) sc (GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS TOTAL MARKS: 10 + Reading time - 5 minutes SECTION | Working tine 3 hues Sark Wee your Candidate Nunkerin he | Ths son hs TWO pats, Pst A and Pat 8 spor inated + Bown pprvedcteltorsmay te wed | Pat A Multiple Choice Wit sng Back rb on cly 0 maris) round 2 Dra igre sing en Questions 1.20 ‘© Adata sheet, Formulae Sheets and te ‘Which of the following statements is correct? Tete Tate are posited atheback | pend Ren «eee naweeneets (5 maris) en 4) Ball X hits the ground before Ball ¥ because it travels a shorter distance ae ‘Questions 21-32 'b) Ball Y hits the ground before Ball X because its initial velocity is greater ‘Mow nat 2 hours fr is section ‘) The balls ht the goand atthe same tne Bocas horizontal motion does aot affect serial motion SECTION I 4 Theballs hit the ground atthe same time hecase they have col weights 2Smanks tev ~ Astrophys Question 33, ich of the following best describes the function of the brushes in an electric motor? Allow about 30 minutes for this section Ae "Wah ofthe lloying bet seers te tan = 1) Thebrushes ep the commutator clean 1b) The brushes are there to allow the back EME to flow 2) Thebrashes act asa beating forthe rotating pat ofthe motor {8 Thebrushes ao conductors that allow lee eureno low though the rotorCathode rays can be resily manipulated to ace 2 signal on the display of a eathode ry ‘oszllocope because 4) cathode rays are & form of elovtomagnetc radiation which is seasive to gravitational fies 1) cathode rays are positively charged prtiles that magnetic fis wll deflect ©) eathoderaye are & steam of electrons tat ean be directed by electric and magnetic ils 13) eathode ras wll pas though tansparent materials ike gles, unimpeded In the diagram below, Sam is ona diving board above the water, ready to jump. He jumps with ‘nina vertical speed of 215s up before landing in the wate. ‘Which ofthe graphs below bostdesrbes how Son's vertical velosity changes with tne? w » PT ‘Which ofthe following s NOT due to the motor effet? 8) Rotation of cil a generator 1) Movement of «needle ns galvanomcter ©) Movement ofthe vos col in Joud speaker 4) leciromagnetc brakes ‘entity a situation in which the statement ‘the 90 events occurred at the sane time bas meaning 1) the obosrver is moving past hero evens 15) The observer i in diferent rane of reference tothe two events ©) The events and the observer ate nthe same fame of reference {The observers nt moving while the two events are moving past 8. A stelle fin astable geostationary orbit around che Earth Which choice best shove the stellite’s path lid arow) ithe gravitational force acting omit ‘as somehow "svitened of? when twas at point X7 “ ® Orbit of sateite © Orbit of ite obit of cite 9. Aproton enters. a magaete fed es part of an experiment runing ina parts accelerator. Tho proton enor the magnetic field fom the left as shown below. xx xX &K XK ‘Whats the direction ofthe force onthe proton when it enters the Feld? 2) Tothe bottom ofthe page b) Tothe top ofthe page ©) Ouwerthe page tothe page10, Ina DC motor, a current cemying conductor rates in magnetic fisld, While a voltage is stippled fo the motor and the motor isolating, waich would be a comet observation? ) The ct emf would increase 5) The supply emf would decrease «) The eurent nthe cil would be greater wile it is stationary than wien it was tuning ‘9, Aininduced cuent would be generated in the same cretion wo the supply curent 1. copper wite connected trough 2 switch o 9 powcr supply i placed ove compass needle ‘as shown below, where the arrow head s pointing north ‘When the swith selosed you would expeet he needle to 8) deflect clockwise when terminal Xon the power suppl is positive 3) deflect clockovise when terminal Xon the power soppy is negative ©) delet anileckwise when ternal Xon the power supply is postive ‘9 tot move et all because any magneto fed produced i along the wire 12, Hein Herts conducted « numberof expeiments into the natre of rao waves ‘Which one ofthe folowing did Hertz NOT investigate? The polarising of radio waves ') The speed of radio waves ©) The wavelengths of radio waves {3 The photoeletre effect causod by radio waves 13, The weight of a one tonne space craft on Earth is 9800 N and the weight ofthe seme space craft on Mars is 3800. What isthe acceleration due to gravity on Mars? 2) 18ms? ») 3ams? 5am? 58m" ‘A magnet was attached to anclctic dil, The apparatus was held benesth an alasinium metal disk that was euspeaded by Sine nylon wir rom above, st shown below. << —-- ‘Whe the dail was tamed on, the disk was observed to spn. This experiment demonstrates the principle o 8) sn AC indvetion cooktop B) an AC loudspeaker 6) an AC induction motor @) an AC galvanometer ‘An induction cooktop is switched on HIGH and an epg is cracked onthe surface. Half ofthe eggs ina pan andthe other half son the coktop, as shown. Aer some minutes, the par of the egg in the pam is perfectly cooked whereas the part onthe cooktop i sil ae The reason for this is because 48) lay currents are induced in the metal fiypan 1) eldy cures are induced in the cag ©) _ravegg is nota good conductor ofelecrcky d)_ heat from the cooktop is easily conducted othe egg by the frypan18. 18. 20. ‘Which choice corey describes escape veloc? 1) The velocity an object needs tobe given the Bar's surface to escape completely fom the gravitational ld ofthe planet 1b) The velocity an object needs tbe given at Jeunch ftom the Ears surface to ener & seostaionary omit abou the planet €) The velocity am objct need tobe given to escape fom the stmosphere ofthe planet 4) Tae velocity an objeat needs obo given to cancel the effets of avy “Which of the following correctly describes the function of a step-up tansformer connected between a power sation generator andthe high voltage distribution line? 1) The transformer steps up the voltage to makeup forthe voltage op inthe power ines 1) The transformer separates the power lines fiom the generator so electricity canzot flow back imo the generator ©) The tansformer reduces the curent needed forthe same amount of power thereby reducing the beating losses in the powedines 4) The transformer stops any direct curt from entering the AC powerlines {mone experiment cared out onthe space station, a smal satelite was lowered ftom the space fafion on a strong eondseting wire so tht it orited Barth with the space sition, but was tethered Sk elow it [twas noted that the satellite bovame stongly negatively charged reltive to the space sation. ‘Which ofthe following statements below best describes te reason fr this negative charge? 8) The Eartha a song elec field 1) The wire wae moving serous the Earths magnetic field ¢} The wire was moving long the Earth's magnetic Geld (2) Tae wire was moving through the Van Allen radiation belts hectic fra power plan whose power input is 250MMW is gonorted st 25KV then inreased 10 330kV. ‘What s the caren nthe sesondary coil if the transformer is 100% efficient? ) 085A saga aA o uba ‘Some of the more energetic gamms rays which enter the Kans atmosphere fom cosmic sources have wavelengths of 13 10m, ‘Measured in joules, what would be the energy ofa single photon with his wavelength? a) 6026x105 b) 19878 x 10° ) 3x17 @ 1987823073 sind of Part Acandidate Number: Marks ‘Soetion I (continued) ‘Question 22 ($ marks) Part B (5 marks) ‘A optical planet has radius Rand mass M. A satelite of mass m orbit the planet with ‘Attempt Questions 21-32 aerate orbital spoed vata height hr nbove the plane's surface as shown below (not to seale)- ‘Allow about 1 hour and 35 minutes fr his part “Answer the questions in the spaces provided. ‘Show all relevant workdag in questions involving ealeutations oa ‘ Satellite, mass m Question 21 (6 mari) “The radius of the Bath is 6.38 x 106m. A satellite isin orbit at an altitude of 38 000 kr. 2) Calulate the gravtetional potential energy (GPE) of satelite of mass 170k 2 st ihis alitude, 1) Outline why, although te satellite is moving with constant speed, the net foreeonitis 1 ot ero. 1b) Caleulate the GPE of the satellite at the Bart's surface, 2 2 «Outi how you could us the values in pacts (0) nd eto cleus the energy needed 4 tolift the stellte to this altitude. ©) Aseoond satelite, mass 2M, is placed into the same orbit, What wil be is orbital 2 ‘speed compared tothe frst satellite? Justify your answer using Physi equations ryQuestion 23 (7 marks) “The diagram below is of the apparatus used by JJ Thompson to measure some of the (es of cathode cays. The cathode ray is fced at high velocity across both magnetic end lectrio feds and the deflection is measured ona fivorescent screen, + cathode ay 2) Onthe diagram above indete the diction of the force expeioned by the cathode rays when only the magnetic ficld is applied, sie a 1D) Inone of his experiments, JJ deflected a cathode ay travelling at 0.01c by pessing it through a magnetie field of .01T. Caleulate the force acting on the cathode ray, due to the magnetic eld. Marks ©) Inhisnext experiment, J also applied an clei fied of 300V asross the parallel plates Tom apart, Calculate the net free onthe calhode ray. 4) In 1897, why was JJ Thompson's experimen and reeuts regarded as @ *elentifie breakthrough?” n Question 24 (5 marks) ‘sudents experimenting with a small elgtrio motor measare the eurent through ites the volisge ‘eanwozied tt is changed. The source of cuenta small DC power supply witha switch that can {e rotated to supply diferent vollage. The motor just stats to move during the fist reading ot 1 V and is pinning rapidly when they take the reading a 11 V. One student then stops the motor by tightly holding the output sheft then, when smoke pours from. {Go votor, be releses it in surprise nd the clout breaker onthe power supoly operates. ‘The recults ae shown in te table below. oat T a 2 75. ir Marks 1) Plotthese data points onthe axes below. 2 1) Sketch an appropriate line of best fit on the graph. 1 ©) Oullie way the motor produced smoke or why the circuit breaker activated. 2 2Question 25 (4 maris) ‘Draw a table that summarises the following information: ‘the identification of components D, & F, Gand H the funetion ofeach component 3 Marks Marks Question 26 @ maria) tn anexpetiment to investigate magnetic fields and currents, the metal wheels snd ale from aaa eloallway wers placed on ase of als as shown below. Between the rails were a series ‘of block magnets placed so their noth poles were point Spare wore connected to 12V batry though aswite x Lok resistor end an Amato Tee vreuiech was closed, current of 11 amps flowed through the cireuit and the whee! and axe started to move. 4) ifthe polarity ofthe power was as shown above, which way would he whest nde start to move? 1) ithe magnetic fel strength in the region ofthe ale was 0.17, what free would be. 2 ‘Eaing on te axle doef tie iatraction ofthe magnetic fc and the current through i? “Marks Question 27 (6 mark) 8) Titan and Rhea are moons orbiting Saturn. Titan orbits atadistance of 12 x10¢km 2 from tho contre of Saturn. Given that Titan takes exacly thre times as ong as Rea to orbit Setur, caleulate ‘the mean distance between the centres of Rhea and Saturn. 2 ©) Two new moons of Satum are discovered. One ofthe new moons, Cupid, has amass of mand wradius of 3r while the other new moon, Zevs, hs amass of m ahd a radius ‘ofr, as show inthe diagram below. ass = Sm mass =m Ifthe acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Cupid is 1.0 ms, what isthe ceeleration due to gravity onthe surface of Zeus? Question 28 (3 marks) “Three long staigh, parallel wires, X,Y and Z are 5.0 cm and 10.0 cm apartrespectively ‘and carry curents GFA, 4A and 6A, The currents in wires X and Y are inthe opposite sigetion tothe curet in wire Z. 2 6A CCalelate the magnitude AND direstion of the force per unit length on wire Y, due tothe ‘other two wires,Marks Question 29 marke) “The Large Hadson Collider ends beams of protons eround the 27m long creas tunnel 11 000 times each second, Marks Question 31 (4 marks) “Two parallel plates witha potential difference of 10 000V are placed at a distance of $00 em nat 1) How fastarethe protons evelling? 1 5.0em 1) Wist would on observer oti Lage Hadron Colder deternine temas ofthe 3 e —_ ‘proton to be whilst waveling ahi peed? P ‘ 1) Draw the elect field between the TWO plates, 1 » Question 30 @ marie) “The impos ofthe development of wanformers on society hasbeen enormous. Elcreal_ 3 reray from coal fired povrer stations is distributed to homes and industries ot eat {istances from its point of generation using tansformers. ‘transformers are eso a point of energy losses, Explain how these energy lessee ‘occu in fransformers and how they ean be reduced. " 'A small teat pote of mass 1.0 10” kgs given a positive charge of3.2 10°C and 3 ‘pleoed atthe point P, midway between the two plates. ‘What would be the acceleration (aagnitude and direction) of the test particle? 18Males (Question 3 (6 marls) (Candidate Number: fe Tender: esesentnerers ‘Explain how results of blackbody radiation experiments and the photoelecteo effect 6 Section IL experiments led to a change in the model of light. 25 marks lective: Astrophysics Attempt Question 33, Allow about 30 minutes for this part ‘Write your answers in the spaces provid Question 33 - Astrophysics (25 marks) Maris 2) §) Distinguish between absolute and apparent magnitude, 2 i) Caleulate the apparent magnitude of estar that i 30 times fuintor than nother 3 slar of apparent ragninade 3.2. End of Part B (Question 33 continued om page 21Question 33 (continued) »o from a sar affected by atmospheric ‘The diagram shows incoming light waves Aistortion before and after caretion. round bared opie syteea “<=> ‘Outline how a ground based optical system is able to compensate for lmospherie distortion. Marks Question 33 continnes on page 22 a Question 33 (continued) ‘)Theflow chart below shows the life eyele of two types of ats. i) Hentify Xand ¥. 4) Outline the diferoncesbetven the nuclear reactions occuring i the average land messive star during stage A, B and Cin ther life eyes. Marks Determine the angle of parallax that would be made in order to measure he oo {Een toa star tats 220 poses vey” Question 33 continues on page 23 2‘Marks Question 33 continued) ©) it) Baplain whether the measurement for this str was taken fiom Basthorspace, 2 ‘) Tho thee Hertzsprang-Russll diagrams below rpreeet stars ftom globule chuster A and cluster B and stars from our own galaxy. ‘What con you infer about the age of globular cluster A compared to tht of cluster B? Susify your answer ‘Question 33 continued on page 24 ‘Question 3 (continued) 1) "The study of binary and variable stars reveals vital information about start! si this syllabus statement, End of PaperSediws~~ Marking Shem guns [ames ‘024. = (6mm) of «e-( 667410" x6 041700) /(38 20" 63830") a-ussxao" er Ta Srlets Ta core equation ncung enopvesTen oar the eorect numerical ales ads atu and oi), Converts Moret to mote Grrcorcecteurerical nse wth te appropiate wt (3) 7g Sara na Comeion of Roritreto mae z Uses ncerect equation, (meh) 3 Comees unit used aa alt acaaerting toads the centre planet with the raatonl ore acingon at 0" tots drecton of mation, ies rr [Seto dranton olgadtitioalfora aracaleaton heitentoms weedy | | 222) \Weight s experienced when our body fin cortact withthe ground (or any surface | which exerts a9 ‘upward fore on us pushes on usin the opposite direction tothe gravitational foe). n orig te Earth ina catelite, a pacts of our body aoelerate atthe seme rate este satelite towards Earth duet travtstional force , and no contact forces are exerted on us. Thus there no sensation of weight tr are Erplainy Sensation Of weight and kof welghtin satelite due to common acceleration [2 apie Sergtionofwe(ght OR lak of weghtinsetoliteinsalalite due to common [2 acceleration eared eit hove the sme orbital velocity asthe rst satelite chim /2 « mmd/r jwherem=massof the satelite, Memassofthe planet, f= reds ofthe ot v= (ome) ‘iit veloty depends onthe Mass ofthe planet xi) f= Commie = (6.67 10% x6 x20! 700) / 638.30" 10720) ia ci ‘es the coect equation, indvdng te eaten, 7 ‘Converts metre to metre {Ges correct mimerial answer ne wk (3) Teas, ut ro conversion of Miomawrete mate i ees ncerrect equation gh but with ore uri) [oe eatte) te changein gravatonal potential energy, the difference between the vues in (sand ‘the anery needed toh the stele tthe state aud, co mak eres Corencezn GPE ans energyneeded — i eis mak Provided Gore aswer and eaueton [uty Rwilhave the tame ort wetocty | 2 Provides corect answer Of provides equation to us same oritl velocity a Provider incoreet answer and equation 2 asia) shows that arvow doven the page le drawn anywhere within the magnet il v(teark | cab), F=qbsne = 46x30" x001%3 x20¢ =4px20" N i mak indicted correct equation substion and caleuton oF free z Coectunitfoe oreo (2) Tyne of treabove ie missing1a2s(a}and (0) arse) * Plot of Gurren us Potential DiBrence acess arebetric Po fev +2000 /0.0%m =20020V/m ze Caner = 16x30 1200000 ‘> 24x10" Wupwards 2 Fart (88230 N dowd) #4820" ype 7 ei ma Selects civ cquofons and subiion ofV ano cate HAND z te. [Ade to anewer tom parte) : Core eal vase os Select correc equations and SIbATWTon of Vand @o ae 7 incorest nmaralvalue : - 7 fo te 8 esky Diiee Pure? bo to exo es ‘henson ove thetic vs wa! roving cote mys ae net fe of slstemagete ition won ho pes eh toch ppd esd apc se fodeslated ho voy oft ysto te hs at th “heron wasn le fd hat he cg toms ato Pm) ct ya be 1800 nes Ine tat fsa in Ga). Helen cule hat heat oe mong hare pti, ich am aaler thanan an. By using cabs of ret tide oma cf aes fone. Hence ropond ht ay neguivey caged tits ed ses) ee ca mi Eotaene, ee ae cre Te Poel rence ao awe 7 “Tissot en to st ine, bisa wp ofa pr. caret use a = Schable sais rosen a = All points are correctly plotted on the graph ‘Bapains tho taplicalions of Thomson resale 2 iisiegeaereetTttoioe a r 1 ute Thomson eat OF ; Spee a eee Meo eee eee ee eee 3) brese smooth curve through al nck coc pi noun) 2H) ‘When the motrisunring fel, aback ani indused which ats guint supply emf nit the curren ow athe el ‘Wea th uit st is el there is no longer relative movement etsen the col eel the ‘molars maple el sono back ens efased. The apply ext atts higher eet to fow thvough te ol, overs the motor ane oxen the power suply lms sees ee apn Bekah te ails of a nde wk ena paren Sem tee motor Menon bacon :ws ‘camps Tae Fava m| “Taal pes Trav whn tbe eel pees Og 1p [Corenteamingcat_ | nent wi ect maps ik (OR Rotreoil abe ls ery erat Bans eal power HT Baan fe thcspitaiag ommutsir ‘Cave arf of agp rome ata eae CGouleragetc pole | mgt old wich wl way bei be lnc the ies tei fori experience nifern orn proves pos of ent Daves the trol oF (Ebner electe cout serves torre the dtetion ofthe etre ow inte coi every lt Pla) T= 3tR 1-2 x10° em. fe = mek ee 2 a * sate Te : e(erxi®) (Gry 2 Ge ETT or STK Catena. | splitsingsonmsior | Staton af ae tt gang 7 7 ark a eed e Casdater cecrect answur with werect wait 2 Frodo poe ion (reat sexes tec. jakes a single ervor im calalation oc wresg Unit T Doeurentsnce | eat vou ci) fro exerts oor = Se ee ath) GM ca ae a Seer cal pina Tne + — SESSA Moan te fnstors cf ach compooert 5 Te serio) __ $Ba sol witepromte ad 7 = TPs aunerie ne etiboon ft campnsst, SY EB RO eres one ft oy = 4a TH10%s 2S x fntons arco sad he table io mally ; ; a crated orbital velocety , v =P Sees SERRANO 7 a I v> Be ene) 2 1X05 2st) V= B108ms ok a & le . ve : caste) a vats: sy STMKOF woaisiea2x10? Ve 8O3ms? a.casn a aa ry Uses cores equation z aa ererk Cone comerion cfr tom caluilates correct answer using value oF « fon (with -corcet] 9 Ste above Dare z anit makes ast Lrror [ wrve5 uaitnse riety tem cet aacae ee eae cence eatin ee "3 mach. avtaceak baccarcnatttintntint Inlay. nits. Men amen Acetic ont gmth ng /oente [eee IT ULE Eo ga Geib’ Fe ee a wae Sa fomestons Calaaletes over ect ansus - Tee cae as jv, with coect wack 2 |_Galelies exteh ansuer, uth weet uit SS Regt _algebale core, tle acrect wait | 1 ecm ee Mowat pees Fees. AGP AIOR msm! V dh amb BBE, etl a 1) rma bee ai a Ht Ci ein me Poca ieee elt pened Neneeon 08s. 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Tho ht (es) wat SRrrted sr prkge Guna) ier holy arnt Fe ea ee Te aoe podcast Omens cous Get "Phang hadiaks Aid met seein te Clarinet Harp ns TA. Lighse se cartinneds wore, sagt 0 Hake poly corre rap rents erisien avs perHestar tampacwturs,We Ch ofare fp be dard fo counted sesing fA, [ere Phas phos = th he dalad aye a et rl nhofe of miner fe peanity ate 2 magnate So asain of He Pesee i wesgtial do canta cf Ca Preto a fat | pommel compan’ oe ented of Jo 6 Nf enol Ce tres eh cobbler, v (00% fare o fart farolbok — ~ = ‘Cage earns abe beam afb tteh oy wave Bens, | E> | r F | m= 3:2 + 3s = bee foe?) bynd oo have ghovlic Lies on He "M15 He not cert fo lowk of He HK ole a hn fan end aay het ners foe ome ololhn Kon a1