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Assignment
Management Information System
NICMAR
VIKRAM JAIN, REG. NO: 29-05-11-7144-2111, COURSE: NCP-28, MODULE: 12
Assignment:-
INTRODUCTION
1. Main Dam
2. Weir
3. Electric Power station
4. Tunnel
1. MAIN DAM:
Normally dams are being constructed with Earth material, Masonry works and
concrete works. In accordance with the huge scope of work, amount of material
and manpower required for such project is huge. Due to the huge scope of work
proper material planning is required. The types of material required for Main dam
are basically Murom, rubble for soling & U.C.R., (sand, metal, steel, and cement
for R.C.C. work), structural steel etc.
2. WEIR:
Normally weir is being constructed inside the dam wall towards the water
catchment area. The structure will be round RCC walls with structural steel for
supporting the gates. The gates are being fabricated with structural steel. So the
types of material required for the weir is cement, sand, reinforcement,
aggregates, structural steel etc.
4. TUNNEL:
Tunnel is specialist job. For tunnel you need to have dragging equipment.
Excavation should be with rock breaker & shifting of materials from tunnel site to
outside area.
The basic materials required for all above project: -- Cement, Aggregates, sand,
reinforcement, Murom, rubble for soling, rubble for UCR masonry walls,
structural steel for weirs and gates, structural steel with coating for switchyard
towers, 40mm aggregates for switch yard etc.
The basic needs of quality material management is to have readily available
quality materials required by the organization and to keep optional levels of stock
of essential & more used items.
Strategic
INVENTARY CONTROL:
The Economic Order Quantity or Lot Size can be worked analytically. The relation
between various parameters was developed by R.H. Wilson and F. Harris and is
known as the Wilson Harris Square Root formula.
The relation is worked out below and is based on the assumptions:
a) Demand over the period of cycle is constant and is known in advance
b) Consumption of material occurs at uniform rate.
c) The price of material is independent of the lot size of order.
d) There is no lead time in the replenishment
Let
A=be the annual demand in terms of units.
Q=is the lot size order at a time in units.
P=Price of material in terms of Rupees per unit.
H=Annual inventory carry cost/holding cost expressed in rupees of inventory.
S= ordering cost.
Since the stock is depended at uniform rate over the cycle period, inventory
carrying cost/holding cost can be the cost over the average stock.
As Q, increases the number of order hence ordering cost reduces, but inventory
carrying cost increases, and vice-versa. The economic lot size we have to balance
the two cost of opposite nature.
If Q is the lot size the average inventory will be Q/2.
i) Inventory carrying cost will be
= (Q/2) x P x h
ii) Number of orders over a year
= A/Q
Total ordering cost = (A/Q) x S
Thus the total cost T= i) + ii) = QPh/2 + AS/Q
We have to find the most economical order quantity for which T is minimum
value i.e. dT/dQ should be equal to zero.
i.e. dT/dQ =Ph/2-AS/Q2
AS/Q2=Ph/2
Q2/AS=2/Ph
Q=√ (2AS/Ph)……………………………… (i)
LEAD TIME:
Material procurement is based on lead-time of material to be procured. As the
name implies, it is the period that elapses between the points of time when the
need for a material is contemplated and the point of time the material actually
available on the site of construction for use.
If no lead-time is necessary (a rather imprecation proposition) it would be very
easy to purchase material knowing its need in construction. Even if procurement
through purchase involves a lead time which is certain, the problem could be
tackled by planning sufficiently in advance so that the need for the materials
assessed well ahead of the its actual use and the lead time is taken the care. So
lead time is very important while purchasing the material otherwise its affect will
be as per following:
The lead-time in purchase is uncertain and if it is delayed it will result in
stoppage of work.
There may be unexpected shortages due to scarcity of material or some
unexpected difficulties in transportation.
The continuously rising prices and small quantities purchased frequently may
make the material costlier.
SAFETY LEVEL:
At is always better to have safety stock on site. Because any circumstances the
material is not coming on the site is stopped. Then it will cause lot financial
impact on the project. So you need to have safety level of each stock of the
material
ITEMS OF INVENTORY:
The frequency of above reports conform to some particulars sets of facts and
circumstances and can be adopted with little modification to meet individual need
and requirement
Inventory Monitoring Report
Introduction
Since materials arc equivalent to cash, and since they make up an important part
of the total cost, it is essential that materials should be properly safeguarded and
correctly accounted for. Proper control of material can make a substantial
contribution to the efficiency of business. The success of a company largely
depends upon efficient purchasing, storing, consuming and reporting of materials.
Besides, material pilferage, obsolescence, careless handlings, negligence in
checking materials may lead to reduce profit and hence it is desirable to have a
good stores organization to obtain the maximum advantages out of it. A good
system of material cost control reduces the cost of storage, capital tied up in
inventories and risk of loss from fraud and theft. It helps in keeping perpetual
inventory and other records to facilitate the preparation of accurate material
reports to management. It eliminates waste in the use of material. Moreover, it
prevents production delays due to lack of materials by supplying proper
quantities at the right time. Proper material control system can make a
substantial contribution to the efficiency of a business. Even a small saving in
material costs results in an increase in profits, so it is imperative to operate an
efficiency system of material control.
The main objectives of Material department for the purpose of MIS reports are
The following information are usually required by material department for MIS
reports.
Inventory Monitoring
Vendor Payment
Vendor Satisfaction
Present Stock Position
Efficiency of Buying
Statement of Price Revision
Recording of Material
Dead stock Disposal
Loss of Storage
Critical Shortage
Excess Material Issue Monitoring
Product Cost Monitoring
Scrap, Spoilage, etc.
NAME OF REPORT
Besides above reports the reports on the following matters on a period to period
2. Quantities and values of materials regarding receipt, issues and stock should
be included with cumulative figures.
3. Turnover rate: Management may be interested in total figures and possibly in
turnover rate of very expensive materials or products.
4. Availability of stocks and market trends: The market position with regards to
future deliveries and market trends together with price movements.
5. Present stock position: Any significant decrease or increase in amount of
present stock with that of last period may be reported to management. As stock
reflects, capital unavailable for other purposes, management may be interested
to the ratio of stock to net working capital.
6. Efficiency of buying: This report shows how efficiently the purchasing
department served the production departments. It reports how many working
hours were lost due to delays caused by lack of materials; was there much
discrepancy between the price paid for materials and supplies and market price at
the time of purchase, purchase department efficiency, etc.
7. Value analysis: This report shows the result of investigations into such
problems as:
a. Could components manufactured internally be bought at less cost from
specialists?
b. Would a cheaper material do the job?
Consumption
Utilization of records of files
Resource resources pertaining to
allocation available resources
Master File
Records related to completed jobs
Data Processing
Screen Display
Back Up Information Report related to completion of task
RECOMMENDATION / CONCLUSION
MIS play a very important role in the organization. With a good MIS support, the
management of marketing, finance, production and personnel becomes more
efficient.
The MIS satisfies the diverse needs through a variety of systems such as query
systems, analysis system, Modeling system and Decision support system.
MIS helps in Strategic planning, Management control, Operational control and
Transaction processing
BIBLIOGRAPHY