Awesome Words - Spanish (European) Northern - V1.10

by
GABRIEL WYNER
fluent-forever.com
The Most AWESOME WORDLIST You Have Ever Seen
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Copyright © 2014 by Gabriel Wyner
Published digitally worldwide via the Fluent Forever website and blog
Fluent-Forever.com
Cover design: Sandra Salsbury

Illustrations: Sandra Salsbury (illustratingreddit), Zach Weiner (Saturday Morning Breakfast Ce-
real), Michelle Czajkowski (Ava’s Demon), Christopher Hastings (The Adventures of Dr. McNinja),
Katie Tiedrich (Awkward Zombie), Chris Jones (Captain Excelsior and Snowflakes), Anthony Clark
(Nedroid), Andrea Tsurumi (her website), Der-shing Helmer (The Meek) and Jess Fink (Chester
5000 XYV).
First Edition by
Gabriel Wyner
Fluent-Forever.com
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Your first 625 words

Welcome to the Most Awesome Word List seems the most apple-like. As a result, you’ll have
a harder time remembering pomme, and even if
You Have Ever Seen! These words will form the
you do remember, you’ll take much longer to find
foundation of your language. They’re some of the
it.
most frequent words you’ll encounter in any lan-
And unfortunately, that’s not even the end of
guage, and they’re all relatively easy to learn us-
the story. While you’re having this mental fight,
ing pictures. In addition, because these words are
you’ve probably just made the situation a little
grouped together into stories, they will be much
worse for next time. Every time you think of two
easier to memorize when compared with the typ-
things at once, they interconnect. So if you’re busy
ical word lists that you find in language textbooks
thinking about pommes, poires and pêches, and
and classrooms, where you learn colors one day,
you’re not particularly sure which one’s which,
types of vegetables the next day, members of the
then you’re jumbling those three fruits together
family the following day, etc.
into a messy jam of “Fairly confusing French fruits
that start with the letter P.” You’ll be more likely to
What’s the story behind these lists? remember all three fruits the next time you try to
The research on this topic revolves around the retrieve the word for pear or peach.
concept of interference.1 Here’s the idea: Sup- I’ve run into this problem quite a bit on my
pose you’re living in Paris, taking a beginning own, especially in French, where I learned a lot of
French class. One day, you learn a bunch of fruit similar words at the same time. I still have prob-
names: une pomme (apple), une poire (pear), lems remembering whether sept is 6 or 7, or
une pêche (peach). A few days later, you see an whether jaune is yellow or green.
apple at a fruit stand and try to recall the word in
French. Your brain jumps into action, looking for Looking at the numbers
your word through several possible routes. It’s a
The concept of interference has been researched
fruit! It’s a French word I learned a few days ago! It
starts with a P! in a lot of different contexts, and I’ve linked five
related studies at the end of this article, if you’d
And because you happened to learn three
like to read more.
French fruits that start with the letter P (and all
on the same day), you’re kind of screwed. Memo- One of the first studies (Waring, 1997)
ries compete. When you try to recall your word, gave test subjects a group of three to six words
your three French fruits get into a kind of mental and their “translations” into a fake foreign language
tug-of-war, while you try to figure out which one (apple = tisahl, pear = nugaw), and recorded how
1 For more on interference, check out this Wikipedia article: En.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interference_theory
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long it took each subject to memorize the trans- and again one week later. In both cases, the kids
lations. Half of the subjects got a group of closely had a harder time remembering similar words:
related words (jacket, shirt, sweater), and half got
unrelated words (frog, car, rain). The researchers
would quiz subjects (what’s the word for “jacket”?)
until they could remember every new translation
within three seconds (‘jacket’ is…ummm…iddek!),
and recorded the number of times they needed to
repeat the tests until a subject successfully memo-
rized a word. These are their results:
And they took longer to finish every similar-

word quiz, taking an average of 5.8 minutes to fin-
ish, compared to 4.9 minutes for unrelated-word
quizzes.
So What Are Our Options, Then?
Similar words took more than 35% longer to When you go by the numbers, learning similar
learn, at 11.3 repetitions for a group of similar words, words at the same time is a terrible idea. Granted, it
compared to 7.2 repetitions for a group of unrelated feels a lot more comfortable; you can feel like you’ve
words. This isn’t particularly efficient. accomplished something whenever you learn new
words (I learned all the colors today!), but given the
Still, time isn’t everything. What about reten-
detrimental effects it has on learning, we need some
tion? Once you memorize a group of similar or unre-
other options. So what are our alternatives?
lated words, how well do they stick?
In most studies, the alternative to word
In a 2008 study, researchers tested these
groups involved learning a jumble of totally un-
ideas in a school, teaching Turkish kids 40 unrelat-
related words, and that works quite well. If you’ve
ed English words (peg, key, rat, sun) and 40 related
browsed through my website or Appendix 5 of my
words (20 foods and 20 animals) in a classroom
book, you’ve probably run across my list of 625
setting, and testing them afterwards on how well
words to learn in every language.
they could match English words and pictures.
They tested them immediately after each lesson
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The first version of that list was presented room, try on, cash register– rather than words that
in typical groups (animals, professions, etc.), but fit in the same category, like sweater, shirt, jacket,
based upon the research, I started playing around and coat. They’re related words, rather than simi-
with the idea of an alphabetical list. Normally, an lar words, and there’s a huge difference between
alphabetical list would solve the similar word prob- them.
lem at the expense of adding a new problem: the Learning related words – words that form
words would all sound similar. But if you start with stories – worked even better than totally random
an alphabetical list in English and then translate it words. Subjects needed approximately 10% fewer
into your target language, you basically create a repetitions to learn a group of words like “frog, hop,
randomly ordered list anyway. So I put my English slimy, pond, croak, and green,” when compared
word list in alphabetical order, translated it into with “cloud, erase, social, office, lose, and risky“:
Hungarian, and learned that list. In practice, I found
that memorizing words was much easier. I stopped
getting my greens confused with my yellows (al-
though I still get six confused with seven; I didn’t
follow my own advice when it came to numbers,
and Hungarian’s six and seven – hat and hét – are
extremely similar looking).
Alphabetical lists are also a lot easier to use;
I could just skim through a Lonely Planet Phrase-
book, circle my A-words, then circle my B-words,
and after 30 minutes, I had good translations for
every word in my list. As such, I decided to supply
Why? When you learn related words, they
an alphabetical list in my book and added an al-
form close associations with each other – frog con-
phabetical list to my website.
nects with green and pond. These associations will
But alphabetical and random orders aren’t help you remember the cluster of words later.
an especially satisfying way to learn (“I learned
This happened with your three French fruits
10 random words today” is not as rewarding as
– pomme, poire and pêche – too, but in that case,
“I learned all the fruits today!”), and fortunately,
the words were so similar that they interfered with
they’re not our only options. In one of the earliest
each other; you couldn’t remember which was
studies, researchers tried out groups of words that
which.
shared the same theme. These are words that tell a
story – sweater, wool, navy blue, striped, changing
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In our frog story, however, the words are all differ- website and in Chapter 4 of the book.2 Learn each
ent enough that you won’t have trouble confusing of your words individually, on its own terms. Play
them, and so the net result is a set of words that’s Spot-the-Differences with Google Images and dis-
easier to remember. These sets of words can also cover what makes French grenouilles different from
provide you with the sense of accomplishment English frogs. Find personal connections for vert
that’s missing from random or alphabetical lists (“I (green) and use mnemonics to remember the gen-
learned the slimy-green-frog story today!”). This ders of your étangs (ponds). This process will build
makes the learning process more fun, which makes up memorable associations within each word, and
you more likely to stick with it. make those words much easier to recall long term.
By virtue of the fact that you’re learning words like
woman at the same time as you’re learning to wear
What’s this list and how do I use it?
and skirt, you’ll find that those words stick even bet-
This is the exact same list of 625 words that ter, because they’ll naturally form associations with
I provide in Appendix 5 of the book and on my each other. Those associations will be further rein-
website. The primary difference is that I’ve grouped forced by the illustrations on top of each page.3 All
those words into 89 little stories that will help build in all, this word list will help you learn your first 625
associations between those words and make them words faster, and make that process substantially
faster to memorize, easier to retain long term, and more fun. Enjoy!
more fun to study. I’ve also commissioned illustra-
tions of each of those stories to further reinforce the
associations between the words (and to make the Sources for further reading4
word lists much more pleasant to use). • Effects on vocabulary acquisition of presenting
To save you some time, I’ve also commissioned new words in semantic sets versus semantically
professional translators to go through the 625 word unrelated sets (Erten, 2008)
lists and give you good, common translations for • Semantic category effects in second language
each word, accurate phonetic transcriptions, gen- word learning (Finkbeiner, 2003)
der and/or counter words (when appropriate to the • The negative effects of learning words in se-
language) and added commentary when there are mantic sets: A replication (Waring 1997)
a few different translations that could be used for a
• The effects of semantic and thematic clustering
given English word.
on the learning of second language vocabulary
Use this list in the exact same way you’d use (Tinkham, 1997)
a random or alphabetical list, as I describe on my
2 If you’re using Anki, you’ll find a guide to the flashcards you’ll be using here: http://fluent-forever.com/gallery/simple-word-flashcards
3 Remember, you’ll be playing Spot-The-Differences and finding your own illustrations for each word in this list. The illustrations you’ll
find throughout this list are only here to help reinforce the associations between your words and make them easier to remember.
4 I’ll try to keep updated, non-pay walled links to these articles on this page: http://fluent-forever.com/efficient-way-to-learn-vocabulary
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Tierra – cielo – arriba – luna – uno

blanco – punto – estrella
©2014 Michele Czajkowski
Spanish Part of Pronunciation English

Notes
Word Speech in IPA Translation
Tierra f. noun ˈtje.ra earth
cielo m. noun ˈθje.lo sky
arriba adverb aˈri.βa up 1
luna f. noun ˈlu.na moon
uno card. number ˈu.no one 2
blanco (/-a) adjective ˈblaŋ.ko white 3
punto m. noun ˈpun.to dot
estrella f. noun esˈtɾe.ʎa star
1 [arriba] – “Arriba” can be used to indicate either location or direction.

2 [uno] - You would use “un” before a masculine noun and “una” before a feminine noun.
3 [blanco] - The notation “(/-a)” means that, when used to modify a feminine noun, the letter “o” should be dropped from the end of
the given masculine form of the adjective and substituted with an “a.” Adjectives must also agree in number, so, for example, “the
red shoe” would be “el zapato rojo,” and “the red shoes” would be “los zapatos rojos.”
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viernes – camarero – poner(se) de pie

espalda – dolor
©2014 Sandra Salsbury
Part of Speech Pronunciation English

Spanish Word Notes
(and gender) in IPA Translation
viernes m. noun ˈbjeɾ.nes Friday
camarero m. noun ka.maˈɾe.ɾo waiter 1
poner(se) de pie verb poˈneɾ.se ðe pje to stand 2
espalda f. noun esˈpal.da back (body)
dolor m. noun doˈloɾ pain
1 [camarero] – The word for “waitress” is “la camarera.”

2 [poner(se) de pie] – In Latin America you may hear “parar(se)” for “to stand”.
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contar – ciento uno – joven – perro

parque – saltar

Spanish Word Notes
contar verb konˈtaɾ to count
ciento uno card. number ˈθjen.to ˈu.no 101
joven (/-) adjective ˈxo.βen young 1
perro m. noun ˈpe.ro dog
parque m. noun ˈpaɾ.ke park
saltar verb salˈtaɾ to jump 2
1 [joven] - The notation (/-) means that the adjective has the same form for both masculine and feminine gender: “El chico joven” (“The
young boy”), “la chica joven” (“the young girl”). The plural is form by adding “-es”: “los chicos jóvenes”, “las chicas jóvenes”.
2 [saltar] – You can also use “brincar.”
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primavera – marzo – veinte – poco profundo

río – hielo – derretir(se)

Spanish Word Notes
primavera f. noun pɾi.maˈβe.ɾa spring
marzo m. noun ˈmaɾ.θo March 1
veinte card. number ˈbei̯n.te 20
poco profundo (/-a) adjective ˈpo.ko pɾoˈfun.do shallow
río m. noun ˈri.o river
hielo m. noun ˈje.lo ice
derretir(se) verb de.reˈtiɾ.se to melt 2
1 [marzo] – You don’t use definite articles for months.

2 [derretir(se)] – You can also use “fundir(se)”.
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verbo

Spanish Word Notes
verbo m. noun ˈbeɾ.βo verb
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besar – cuello – tocar – cuerpo

sexo – matrimonio

Spanish Word Notes
besar verb beˈsaɾ to kiss
cuello m. noun ˈkwe.ʎo neck
tocar verb toˈkaɾ to touch
cuerpo m. noun ˈkweɾ.po body
sexo m. noun ˈsek.so sex (the act)
matrimonio m. noun ma.tɾiˈmo.njo marriage
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enero – primero – nuevo – deporte

ejercicio – sano

Spanish Word Notes
enero m. noun eˈne.ɾo January 1
primero ord. number pɾiˈme.ɾo 1st 2
nuevo (/-a) adjective ˈnwe.βo new
deporte m. noun deˈpoɾ.te sport
ejercicio m. noun e.xeɾˈθi.θjo exercise
sano (/-a) adjective ˈsa.no healthy
1 [enero] – You don’t use definite articles for months.
2 [primero] – When “first” comes directly before a masculine singular noun, you use “primer” (“el primer coche”, “the first car”), but you
use “primero” when it comes after such noun (“el coche primero”). The feminine form is “primera”.
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cinco – pie – bajo – mujer – llevar (puesto)

oreja – anillo – estrecho – falda

Spanish Word Notes
cinco card. number ˈθiŋ.ko 5
pie m. noun pje foot
bajo (/a) adjective ˈba.xo short
mujer f. noun muˈxeɾ woman
llevar (puesto) verb ʎeˈβaɾ ˈpwes.to to wear 1
oreja f. noun oˈɾe.xa ear 2
anillo m. noun aˈni.ʎo ring
estrecho (/-a) adjective esˈtɾe.ʧo tight 3
falda f. noun ˈfal.da skirt
1 [llevar (puesto)] – “Llevar” has a lot of uses in Spanish, including “to carry” and “to wear.” This can cause some confusion. To avoid
ambiguity, “llevar puesto(/-a)” is often used for “to wear.
2 [oreja] – “Oreja” is the outer part of the ear on the side of the head. “Oído” [oˈi.ðo] is the inner part of the ear--and also the ability to
hear sounds.
3 [estrecho] – “Estrecho” means tight in the sense of narrow. “Apretado” would describe something squeezed tight.
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sordo – padres – ruidoso – teléfono

bebé – llorar – lágrima

Spanish Word Notes
sordo (/-a) adjective ˈsoɾ.ðo deaf
padres m. noun ˈpa.ðɾes parent 1
ruidoso (/-a) adjective rwi̯ˈðo.so loud
teléfono m. noun teˈle.fo.no telephone
bebé m. noun beˈβe baby
llorar verb ʎoˈɾaɾ to cry
lágrima f. noun ˈla.ɣɾi.ma tear (drop)
1 [padres] – “Los padres” means “parents” collectively. For an individal parent, you’d use the words for “mother” or “father.”
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oscuro – teatro – rey – amar

mil uno – noche

Spanish Word Notes
oscuro (/-a) adjective osˈku.ɾo dark
teatro m. noun teˈa.tɾo theater
rey m. noun ˈrei̯ king 1
amar verb aˈmaɾ to love 2
mil uno card. number mil ˈu.no 1001
noche f. noun ˈno.ʧe night
1 [rey] – The feminine of “rey” is “reina” (queen), and the plural is “reyes”.
2 [amar] – You could also use “querer.”
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sustantivo

Spanish Word Notes
sustantivo m. noun sus.tanˈti.βo noun
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invierno – segundo – febrero – andar – frío – norte

ciudad – lluvia – húmedo – gris

Spanish Word Notes
invierno m. noun imˈbjeɾ.no winter
segundo ord. number seˈɣun.do 2nd 1
febrero m. noun feˈβɾe.ɾo February 2
andar verb anˈdaɾ to walk 3
frío (/-a) adjective ˈfɾi.o cold
norte m. noun ˈnoɾ.te north 4
ciudad f. noun θjuˈðað town 5
lluvia f. noun ˈʎu.βja rain
húmedo (/-a) adjective ˈu.me.ðo wet
gris (/-) adjective ɡɾis gray
1 [segundo] – You would use “la segunda” for a feminine noun.
2 [febrero] – You don’t use definite articles for months.
3 [andar] – You can also use “caminar.”
4 [norte] – You use the capitalized “el Norte” when referring to the point on the compass.
5 [ciudad] – For a large town, you would use “la ciudad.” For a small town, one closer to a village, you would use “el pueblo.”
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comprar – regalo – bicicleta

esto – dinero

Spanish Word Notes
comprar verb komˈpɾaɾ to buy
regalo m. noun reˈɣa.lo gift
bicicleta f. noun bi.θiˈkle.ta bike 1
esto pronoun ˈes.to it 2
dinero m. noun diˈne.ɾo money 3
1 [bicicleta] – “Bici” is more casual and conversational, like saying “bike” instead of “bicycle.”
2 [esto] - Finding a good translation of “it” is a real challenge in Spanish. Because Spanish verbs are conjugated differently depending on
who is performing the action, pronouns are often not needed and therefore are frequently left out of the sentence. The direct translation of
“it”, “ello”, is used very rarely. Since all objects are considered to be either masculine or feminine and so are referred to as either “he” or
“she”, “ello” is only used when the subject of the sentence is an abstract concept or a general situation. For example, the sentence “I don’t
want to talk about it”, would be translated as “No quiero hablar de ello”. The translation listed here, “esto”, is typically translated as “this”.
It shows up quiet frequently in Spanish, particularly when you’re talking about objects, as in “How much is it?”, “¿Cuánto vale esto?”.
3 [dinero] - In some Latin American countries you could also hear “la plata” for “dinero”.
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ropa – tienda – señal – vender – largo – suelto

pantalones – bolsillo – precio – ochenta

Spanish Word Notes
ropa f. noun ˈro.pa clothing

tienda f. noun ˈtjen.da store/shop 1
señal f. noun seˈɲal sign
vender verb benˈdeɾ to sell
largo (/-a) adjective ˈlaɾ.ɣo long
suelto (/-a) adjective ˈswel.to loose
pantalones m. noun pan.taˈlo.nes pants
bolsillo m. noun bolˈsi.ʎo pocket
precio m. noun ˈpɾe.θjo price
ochenta card. number oˈʧen.ta 80
1 [tienda] – If you mean a large store, like a department store or superstore, you’d use “grandes almacenes.”
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setenta – millón – año – viejo – duro

piedra – montaña – caer – muerto
©2014 Katie Tiedrich

Spanish Word Notes
setenta card. number seˈten.ta 70
millón m. noun miˈʎon million 1
año m. noun ˈa.ɲo year
viejo (/-a) adjective ˈbje.xo old (new)
duro (/-a) adjective ˈdu.ɾo hard
piedra f. noun ˈpje.ðɾa stone
montaña f. noun monˈta.ɲa mountain
caer verb kaˈeɾ to fall
muerto (/-a) adjective ˈmweɾ.to dead
1 [millón] – “Millón” is a noun rather than a quantifier like most other numerals (such as “mil” - 1000). As such, while you can say “dos
mil perros” (“two thousand dogs”), you can’t say “dos millón perros*” - you have to say “dos millones de perros” (translated word for
word, “two millions of dogs”).
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adjetivo

Spanish Word Notes
adjetivo m. noun að.xeˈti.βo adjective
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camión – rueda
suelo – llevar – peso

Spanish Word Notes
camión m. noun kaˈmjon truck 1
rueda f. noun ˈrwe.ða tire 2
suelo m. noun ˈswe.lo ground
llevar verb ʎeˈβaɾ to carry
peso m. noun ˈpe.so weight
1 [camión] — In Mexico you’ll also encounter the word “troca” (derived from the English “truck”) which is generally used for smaller
pick-ups.
2 [rueda] — You could also use the more formal “neumático”. In Latin America you may hear the word “llanta”.
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cero – curvado – círculo

número

Spanish Word Notes
cero card. number ˈθe.ɾo zero
curvado (/-a) adjective kuɾˈβa.ðo curved
círculo m. noun ˈθiɾ.ku.lo circle
número m. noun ˈnu.me.ɾo number
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junio – cálido – playa – arena

isla – cielo
©2014 Michelle Czajkowski

Spanish Word Notes
junio m. noun ˈxu.njo June 1
cálido (/-a) adjective ˈka.li.ðo warm
playa f. noun ˈpla.ʝa beach
arena f. noun aˈɾe.na sand
isla f. noun ˈiz.la island
cielo m. noun ˈθje.lo heaven
1 [junio] – You don’t use definite articles for months.
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cerdo – cuatro – pata – sucio

cavar – tierra – comer – maíz – planta

Spanish Word Notes
cerdo m. noun ˈθeɾ.ðo pig 1
cuatro card. Number ˈkwa.tɾo 4
pata f. noun ˈpa.ta leg 2
sucio (/-a) adjective ˈsu.θjo dirty
cavar verb kaˈβaɾ to dig 3
tierra f. noun ˈtje.ra soil 4
comer verb koˈmeɾ to eat
maíz m. noun maˈiθ corn
planta f. noun ˈplan.ta plant
1 [cerdo] — “Cerdo” is also used for the pig’s cooked meat, that is, “pork”. The pig has got many different names, according to popular
uses and regions. You may hear it to be called “gorrino”, “cochino”, “marrano”, “chancho”, “puerco”, etc.
2 [pata] – An animal’s leg is a “pata”, but a human being’s leg is a “pierna”.
3 [cavar] — You could also use “excavar.”
4 [tierra] — Another word for “soil” is “el suelo” (“ground”).
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familia – sentar(se) – abajo – cristal

fondo – barco – cámara – fotografía – mar

Spanish Word Notes
familia f. noun faˈmi.lja family
sentar(se) verb senˈtaɾ.se to sit
abajo adverb aˈβa.xo down 1
cristal m. noun kɾisˈtal glass
fondo m. noun ˈfon.do bottom 2
barco m. noun ˈbaɾ.ko boat
cámara f. noun ˈka.ma.ɾa camera
fotografía f. noun fo.to.ɣɾaˈfi.a photograph 3
mar m. noun maɾ sea 4
1 [abajo] – “Abajo” can be used to indicate either location or direction.
2 [fondo] - “Bottom” can be translated in a variety of ways, depending on the context: “último puesto,” “pie,” “fondo.” Some examples: “en
el último puesto de la clasificación” (“at the bottom of the chart”), “a pie de página” (“at the bottom of the page”), “en el fondo del barco”
(“at the bottom of the boat”).
3 [fotografía] – The abbreviated form “foto” is very commonly used.
4 [mar] - In poetic contexts, or among sailors and fishermen, “mar” can be feminine (“la mar”).
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artista – cobre – herramienta – bonito

arcilla – lámpara – treinta – centímetro – alto

Spanish Word Notes
artista m. noun aɾˈtis.ta artist 1
cobre m. noun ˈko.βɾe copper
herramienta f. noun e.raˈmjen.ta tool
bonito (/-a) adjective boˈni.to beautiful
arcilla f. noun aɾˈθi.ʎa clay 2
lámpara f. noun ˈlam.pa.ɾa lamp
treinta card. number ˈtɾei̯n.ta 30
centímetro m. noun θenˈti.me.tɾo centimeter
alto (/-a) adjective ˈal.to tall
1 [artista] – A female artist would be “la artista.”

2 [arcilla] – “Barro” can also be used as “clay”, but it is mostly used in the sense of “mud”.
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barato – hotel – siete – día

plástico – cama
©2014 Chris Jones

Spanish Word Notes
barato (/-a) adjective baˈɾa.to cheap
hotel m. noun oˈtel hotel
siete card. number ˈsje.te 7
día m. noun ˈdi.a day
plástico m. noun ˈplas.ti.ko plastic
cama f. noun ˈka.ma bed
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tribunal – abogado – silencioso

voz – mil millones – dólar – contrato – firmar

Spanish Word Notes
tribunal m. noun tɾi.βu.nal court
abogado m. noun a.βoˈɣa.ðo lawyer 1
silencioso (/-a) adjective si.lenˈθjo.so quiet 2
voz f. noun boθ voice
mil millones m. noun mil miˈʎo.nes billion
dólar m. noun ˈdo.lar dollar
contrato m. noun konˈtɾa.to contract
firmar verb fiɾˈmaɾ to sign
1 [abogado] – A female lawyer is “abogada”.

2 [silencioso] – “Be quiet!” would simply be “¡silencio!”.
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tarde – once – quince – casa

cerradura – dormir

Spanish Word Notes
tarde f. noun ˈtaɾ.ðe evening 1
once card. number ˈon.θe 11
quince card. number ˈkin.θe 15
casa f. noun ˈka.sa home 2
cerradura f. noun θe.raˈðu.ɾa lock
dormir verb doɾˈmiɾ to sleep
1 [tarde] – “Evening” is translated as “tarde” before sunset and “noche” after sunset.
2 [casa] – You could also use “el hogar.” They have the same meaning, but “la casa” suggests the building itself, while “hogar” is more
abstact, more suggestive of the concept of “home.”
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corazón – enfermedad – médico

empujar – aguja – medicina – vivo

Spanish Word Notes
corazón m. noun ko.ɾaˈθon heart
enfermedad f. noun eɱ.feɾ.meˈðað disease
médico m. noun ˈme.ði.ko doctor 1
empujar verb em.puˈxaɾ to push
aguja f. noun aˈɣu.xa needle
medicina f. noun me.ðiˈθi.na medicine 2
vivo (/-a) adjective ˈbi.βo alive
1 [médico] – This is the word for a medical doctor. Outside of medicine, “doctor” would be “el doctor.” The feminine forms of these words
are “la médica” and “la doctora,” respectively (though “la médico” is also used).
2 [medicina] – “Medicina” is the study of the human diseases. The substance that a sick person has in order to heal up can be called either
“una medicina” or “un medicamento”.
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gato – seguir – tres – ciego – ratón

Spanish Word Notes
gato m. noun ˈɡa.to cat
seguir verb seˈɣiɾ to follow
tres card. number tɾes 3
ciego (/-a) adjective ˈθje.ɣo blind
ratón m. noun raˈton mouse
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papel – carta – banco

gerente – trabajo – sí – feliz – hombre

Spanish Word Notes
papel m. noun paˈpel paper
carta f. noun ˈkaɾ.ta letter
banco m. noun ˈbaŋ.ko bank
gerente m. noun xeˈɾen.te manager 1
trabajo m. noun tɾaˈβa.xo job 2
sí particle si yes
feliz (/-) adjective feˈliθ happy
hombre m. noun ˈom.bɾe man 3
1 [gerente] - Another word for “manager” is “director”. A female manager would be “la gerente” or “la directora”.
2 [trabajo] - Other words for “job” are “el empleo” or “la profesión”.
3 [hombre] - “Hombre” is also used for the human being in general, regardless of his/her sex: “El hombre es animal racional” (“The human
being is a rational animal”).
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vosotros – ocho – silla – restaurante – estrecho –

mesa – cena – vino – pollo – sopa – cuchara

Spanish Word Notes
vosotros pronoun boˈso.tɾos you (plural) 1
ocho card. number ˈo.ʧo 8
silla f. noun ˈsi.ʎa chair
restaurante m. noun res.tau̯ ˈɾan.te restaurant
estrecho (/-a) adjective esˈtɾe.ʧo narrow
mesa f. noun ˈme.sa table
cena f. noun ˈθe.na dinner
vino m. noun ˈbi.no wine
pollo m. noun ˈpo.ʎo chicken
sopa f. noun ˈso.pa soup 2
cuchara f. noun kuˈʧa.ɾa spoon
1 [vosotros] - In Latin American, the Canary Islands and parts of Andalusia, “ustedes” is the usual form of the colloquial second person
plural. In the rest of Spain, the colloquial form of the second person plural is “vosotros” (or “vosotras” if you’re addressing a group that is
entirely female) and “ustedes” is reserved only for quite formal contexts.
2 [sopa] - “Sopa” is a hot light soup with some added noddles or rice, usually eaten for dinner. But you must say “potaje” (masculine)
for a thick broth made of vegetables, pulses and meat, and eaten for lunch as a main course.
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treinta y uno – fecha – diciembre – nieve

zapatos – ir – bosque – viento
sacudir – delgado – hoja

Spanish Word Notes
treinta y uno card. number tɾei̯n.taˈju̯ .no 31
fecha f. noun ˈfe.ʧa date
diciembre m. noun diˈθjem.bɾe December 1
nieve f. noun ˈnje.βe snow
zapatos m. noun θaˈpa.tos shoes
ir verb iɾ to go 2
bosque m. noun ˈbos.ke forest
viento m. noun ˈbjen.to wind
sacudir verb sa.kuˈðiɾ to shake 3
delgado (/-a) adjective delˈɣa.ðo thin
hoja f. noun ˈo.xa leaf
1 [diciembre] – You don’t use definite articles for months.
2 [ir] – “Irse” (pronominal form of “ir”) is also used for “to go”, and has a similar meaning as “ir”. “Irse” seems to stress the incoative
meaning of “go” (the beginning of the motion act) and the source of the motion, like in “Me voy de la casa” (“I’m leaving the house”), and
“ir” points out to the goal of the motion: “Voy a Valencia la semana que viene” (“I’m going to Valencia next week”). Both “ir” and “irse”
are quite irregular verbs.
3 [sacudir] - “Sacudir” is often used for shaking dust off of things. You can also use “agitar,” which tends to be a bit more active (for
instance, shaking up a martini or a can of soda). For “to shake hands,” use “echar la mano”.
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mujer – pequeño – diamante – boda – vestido

domingo – tirar – arroz

Spanish Word Notes
mujer f. noun muˈxeɾ wife 1
pequeño (/-a) adjective peˈke.ɲo small/little
diamante m. noun djaˈman.te diamond
boda f. noun ˈbo.ða wedding
vestido m. noun besˈti.ðo dress
domingo m. noun doˈmiŋ.ɡo Sunday
tirar verb tiˈɾaɾ to throw 2
arroz m. noun aˈroθ rice
1 [mujer] – In Spain, you would use “esposa” only in very formal contexts.
2 [tirar] - Another word for “to throw” is “arrojar”. In Latin America you may also here “botar”.
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octubre – jueves – dos – equipo – veintidós

jugador – pie – balón – hincha

Spanish Word Notes
octubre m. noun okˈtu.βɾe October 1
jueves m. noun ˈxwe.βes Thursday
dos card. number dos 2
equipo m. noun eˈki.po team
veintidós card. number bei̯n.tiˈðos 22
jugador m. noun xu.ɣaˈðoɾ player 2
pie m. noun pje foot
balón m. noun baˈlon ball 3
hincha m. noun ˈiɲ.ʧa fan (sports) 4
1 [octubre] – You don’t use definite articles for months.

2 [jugador] – A female player would be “jugadora.”
3 [balón] – “Balón” is usually used for a football, soccer or basket ball. Meanwhile, “pelota” is used for a tennis ball or golf ball, and “bola”
for a billiard ball.
4 [hincha] – A female fan would be “la hincha” (Spain) or “la fanática” (Mexico).
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golpear – caballo – fuerte – animal

tirar – pesado – caja

Spanish Word Notes
golpear verb ɡol.peˈaɾ to beat/hit
caballo m. noun kaˈβa.ʎo horse
fuerte (/-) adjective ˈfweɾ.te strong
animal m. noun a.niˈmal animal
tirar verb tiˈɾaɾ to pull 1
pesado (/-a) adjective peˈsa.ðo heavy
caja f. noun ˈka.xa box
1 [tirar] – “Estirar” can also be used.
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reloj – nueve – cuarenta – mañana

sol – luz – café – nariz – oler

Spanish Word Notes
reloj m. noun reˈlox clock
nueve card. number ˈnwe.βe 9
cuarenta card. number kwaˈɾen.ta 40
mañana f. noun maˈɲa.na morning
sol m. noun sol sun
luz f. noun luθ light (noun)
café m. noun kaˈfe coffee
nariz f. noun naˈɾiθ nose
oler verb oˈleɾ to smell
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frente – baño – ventana

ver – ojo – jardín

Spanish Word Notes
frente adverb ˈfɾen.te front 1
baño m. noun ˈba.ɲo bathroom 2
ventana f. noun benˈta.na window
ver verb beɾ to see
ojo m. noun ˈo.xo eye
jardín m. noun xaɾˈðin garden
1 [frente] – You would use “frente a” or “enfrente de” to mean “in front (of)”.
2 [baño] – You could also use “cuarto de baño,” “cuarto de aseo,” “servicios,” or “wáter.”
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agarrar – seis – kilogramo – feo

liso – pez
©2014 Der-shing Helmer

Spanish Word Notes
agarrar verb a.ɣaˈraɾ to catch 1
seis card. number sei̯s 6
kilogramo m. noun ki.loˈɣɾa.mo kilogram
feo (/-a) adjective ˈfe.o ugly
liso (/-a) adjective ˈli.so flat 2
pez m. noun peθ fish 3
1 [agarrar] - Another word for “to catch” es “coger”, but in many Latin American countries “coger” is a slang word for having sexual
intercourse.
2 [liso] - You would also use “plano”.
3 [pez] – You would use “pez” for an alive fish, but if it is already dead to be sold, or cooked to be eaten, you must say “pescado” (that
can be also used as an uncountable noun: “¿Tiene pescado?” “Have you got some fish?”).
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tú – aprender – diez – dedo

ordenador – programa – tecnología

Spanish Word Notes
tú pronoun tu you (singular) 1
aprender verb a.pɾenˈdeɾ to learn
diez card. number djeθ 10
dedo m. noun ˈde.ðo finger
ordenador m. noun oɾ.ðe.naˈðoɾ computer 2
program
programa m. noun pɾoˈɣɾa.ma
(computer)
tecnología f. noun tek.no.loˈxi.a technology
1 [tú] – “Tú” is used when speaking to friends or relatives. When addressing strangers, acquaintances, or people in positions of respect,
the more formal “usted” is used.
2 [ordenador] - In Latin America you may hear “computadora” (as in Mexico) or “computador” (as in Colombia).
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yo – cocinar – huevo – desayuno – cocina

bueno – taza – naranja – zumo

Spanish Word Notes
yo pronoun ɟʝo I
cocinar verb ko.θiˈnaɾ to cook
huevo m. noun ˈwe.βo egg
desayuno m. noun de.saˈʝu.no breakfast
cocina f. noun koˈθi.na kitchen
bueno (/-a) adjective ˈbwe.no good 1
taza f. noun ˈta.θa cup 2
naranja f. noun naˈɾaŋ.xa orange
zumo m. noun ˈθu.mo juice 3
1 [bueno] – The shortened form “buen” is used when placed before a masculine noun.
2 [taza] – “Taza” is a cup, with a handle, for drinking hot drinks (“una taza de té”, “a cup of tea”). “Vaso” is a glass, without handle, used
for drinking fresh drinks: “un vaso de agua” (“A glass of water”).
3 [zumo] - “Zumo” is the word used in Spain. In Latin America you’d use “jugo”.
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estación de tren – droga – pagar

cárcel – adulto – doce – mes

Spanish Word Notes
estación de tren f. noun es.taˈθjon de tɾen train station
droga f. noun ˈdɾo.ɣa drug
pagar verb paˈɣaɾ to pay
cárcel f. noun ˈkaɾ.θel prison
adulto m. noun aˈðul.to adult
doce card. number ˈdo.θe 12
mes m. noun mes month
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ciento dos – temperatura – caliente – seco

verano – sudor – agosto – piscina

Spanish Word Notes
ciento dos card. number ˈθjen.to ðos 102
temperatura f. noun tem.pe.ɾaˈtu.ɾa temperature
caliente (/-) adjective kaˈljen.te hot
seco (/-a) adjective ˈse.ko dry
verano m. noun beˈɾa.no summer
sudor m. noun suˈðoɾ sweat
agosto m. noun aˈɣos.to August 1
piscina f. noun pisˈθi.na pool
1 [agosto] – You don’t use definite articles for months.
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naturaleza – cantar – amarillo – pájaro – ala

árbol – madera – gordo – raíz
©2014 Jess Fink

Spanish Word Notes
naturaleza f. noun na.tu.ɾaˈle.θa nature
cantar verb kanˈtaɾ to sing
amarillo (/-a) adjective a.maˈɾi.ʎo yellow
pájaro m. noun ˈpa.xa.ɾo bird
ala f. noun ˈa.la wing 1
árbol m. noun ˈaɾ.βol tree
madera f. noun maˈðe.ɾa wood
gordo (/-a) adjective ˈɡoɾ.ðo thick 2
raíz f. noun raˈiθ root
1 [ala] – “Ala” is a feminine word, and you would say “ala mojada” (“wet wing”). Nevertheless, as it begins with a stressed “a”, it must
take the masculine definite singular article “el” when is directly attached to it (“el ala”, “the wing”, but “la grande ala”, “the big wing”).
2 [gordo] – You could also use “grueso (/-a).”
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trece – piso – edificio – pasar

muerte
©2014 Christopher Hastings

Spanish Word Notes
trece card. number ˈtɾe.θe 13
piso m. noun ˈpi.so floor
edificio m. noun e.ðiˈfi.θjo building
pasar verb paˈsaɾ to pass by
muerte f. noun ˈmweɾ.te death
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dibujar – bolígrafo – imagen

colgar – pared – arte

Spanish Word Notes
dibujar verb di.βuˈxaɾ to draw
bolígrafo m. noun boˈli.ɣɾa.fo pen 1
imagen f. noun iˈma.xen image
colgar verb kolˈɣaɾ to hang
pared f. noun paˈɾeð wall 2
arte m.f. noun ˈaɾ.te art 3
1 [bolígrafo] – You can say “el boli” for short.

2 [pared] – “Pared” is a general word for “wall.” “El muro” is often used for a thick wall. A “muralla” is a very thick wall, like those
protecting castles or like the Great Wall of China.
3 [arte] - “Arte” has ambiguous gender, that is, can be used as masculine or feminine. So, you can say in plural feminine “las bellas artes”
(“fine arts”, feminine), but it is masculine when referred to an artistic style or movement like “el arte gótico” (“the gothic art”, masculine).
It must, though, take always the masculine singular article “el” as it begins with a stressed “a”.
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dieciocho – agujero – juego – jugar

verde – patio – perder

Spanish Word Notes
dieciocho card. number dje.θi.ˈo.ʧo 18
agujero m. noun a.ɣuˈxe.ɾo hole
juego m. noun ˈxwe.ɣo game
jugar verb xuˈɣaɾ to play
verde (/-) adjective ˈbeɾ.ðe green
patio m. noun ˈpa.tjo yard
perder verb peɾˈðeɾ to lose
1 [jugar] – “Jugar” is an intransitive verb in Spanish and must be followed by the preposition “a”: “Jugar al fútbol”, “to play football”.
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grande – mano – masculino

película – actor
©2014 Zach Weiner

Spanish Word Notes
grande (/-) adjective ˈɡɾan.de large/big
mano f. noun ˈma.no hand
masculino (/-a) adjective mas.kuˈli.no male
película f. noun peˈli.ku.la movie
actor m. noun akˈtoɾ actor 1
1 [actor] – The word for “actress” is “la actriz.”
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chico – trozo – limón – azúcar – tarta – tenedor

plato – diecisiete – abril

French Word Notes
chico m. noun ˈʧi.ko boy 1
trozo m. noun ˈtɾo.θo piece
limón m. noun liˈmon lemon
azúcar m.f. noun aˈθu.kaɾ sugar 2
tarta f. noun ˈtaɾ.ta cake 3
tenedor m. noun te.neˈðoɾ fork
plato m. noun ˈpla.to plate
diecisiete card. number dje.θiˈsje.te 17
abril m. noun aˈβɾil April 4
1 [chico] – You could also say “muchacho” o “niño”.

2 [azúcar] - It has got ambiguous gender, so it can be used both as masculine or feminine
3 [tarta] – In Spain, you would use “tarta” for a large cake and “pastel” for a small cake.
4 [abril] – You don’t use definite articles for months.
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miércoles – mercado – comida

comida – pan – carne de vacuno – pl átano

Spanish Word Notes
miércoles m. noun ˈmjeɾ.ko.les Wednesday
mercado m. noun meɾˈka.ðo market
comida f. noun koˈmi.ða food
comida f. noun koˈmi.ða lunch 1
pan m. noun pan bread
carne de vacuno f. noun ˈkaɾ.ne ðe βaˈku.no beef
plátano m. noun ˈpla.ta.no banana 2
1 [comida] - In some places “lunch” is also called “almuerzo”, but in Spain “almuerzo” is most usually used for a brief meal between
breakfast and lunch eaten at break time.
2 [plátano] – In Mexico, “plátano” is the variety of banana that can be cooked as garnish for some dishes, while a “banana” is smaller than
a “plátano,” and eaten fresh, like other fruits. In Spain (with the exception of the Canary Islands), “plátano” is the word used most often.
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hombro – bolsa – izquierdo – lado – levantar

Spanish Word Notes
hombro m. noun ˈom.bɾo shoulder
bolsa f. noun ˈbol.sa bag 1
izquierdo (/-a) adjective iθˈkjeɾ.ðo left 2
lado m. noun ˈla.ðo side 3
levantar verb le.βanˈtaɾ to lift
1 [bolsa] – “Bolsa” is the container, made of paper or plastic, used for carrying goods. It can also be made of a stronger material (leather,
plastic or cloth) and have two handles, and be used to carry the lagguage or the shopping products. In this latter case it can also be called
“el bolso”, above all if it is the handbag used by women to carry money, documents or personal objects (“purse”).
2 [izquierdo] – “Izquierda” is the feminine form of the adjective “izquierdo” and can be used in phrases like “a la izquierda de…” (“to the
left of…”).
3 [lado] – You would use “al lado” to mean “to the side of” or “next to.”
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ella – acostar (se) – dormitorio – techo – ventilador

aire – tiempo – dieciséis – tarde

Spanish Word Notes
ella pronoun ˈe.ʎa she
acostar (se) verb a.kosˈtaɾ.se to lie down
dormitorio m. noun doɾ.miˈto.ɾjo bedroom
techo m. noun ˈte.ʧo ceiling
ventilador m. noun ben.ti.laˈðoɾ fan (appliance)
aire m. noun ˈai̯.ɾe air
tiempo m. noun ˈtjem.po time 1
dieciséis card. number dje.θiˈsei̯s 16
tarde f. noun ˈtaɾ.ðe afternoon
1 [tiempo] – “Time” is translated as “hora” when referring to a specific time. (“What time is it?” is “¿Qué hora es?”). When talking about
time as a general concept, you use “tiempo.”
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avión – billete – dentro

aeropuerto – derecho – detrás

Spanish Word Notes
avión m. noun aˈβjon plane
billete m. noun biˈʎe.te ticket 1
dentro adverb ˈden.tɾo inside 2
aeropuerto m. noun a.e.ɾoˈpweɾ.to airport
derecho (/-a) adjective deˈɾe.ʧo straight 3
detrás adverb deˈtɾas back (direction) 4
1 [billete] - In Latin America you would use “boleto”.

2 [dentro] - “Dentro” can be followed by the preposition “de”: “Comemos dentro de la casa” (“We are eating inside of the house”). A
similar adverb is “adentro”, which is directional and expresses a movement into some place (“Vete adentro”: “Get inside”).
3 [derecho] – “Derecho” and its synonym “recto” must agree in gender and number with the corresponding noun. For example, you
would say, “La niña va derecha a la escuela.” (“The girl goes straight to school.”) or “Los coches van derechos al garaje.” (“The
cars go straight to the garage.”)”
4 [detrás] - “Detrás” can be followed by the preposition “de”: “El perro está detrás de la casa” (“The dog is behind the house”). A similar
adverb is “atrás”, which is directional and expresses a movement backwards: “Vete atrás” (“Get back”).
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móvil – red – noventa – minuto

llamar – amigo – reír

Spanish Word Notes
móvil m. noun ˈmo.βil cell phone
red f. noun reð network
noventa card. number noˈβen.ta 90
minuto m. noun miˈnu.to minute
llamar verb ʎaˈmaɾ to call
amigo m. noun aˈmi.ɣo friend 1
reír verb reˈiɾ to laugh
1 [móvil] - In Latin America you would use “celular”.

2 [amigo] – A female friend would be “la amiga.”
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hermana – nadar – lago – agua

Spanish Word Notes
hermana f. noun eɾˈma.na sister
nadar verb naˈðaɾ to swim
lago m. noun ˈla.ɣo lake
agua f. noun ˈa.ɣwa water 1
1 [agua] - “Agua” is a feminine word, and you would say “agua fría” (“cold water”). Nevertheless, as it begins with a stressed “a”, it must
take the masculine definite singular article “el”: “el agua fría” (“the cold water”).
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vecino – construir – ochenta y uno – cuadrado

metro – casa – naranja – pintura

Spanish Word Notes
vecino m. noun beˈθi.no neighbor 1
construir verb konsˈtɾwi̯ɾ to build
ochenta y uno card. number oˈʧen.taˈju̯.no 81
cuadrado m. noun kwaˈðɾa.ðo square
metro m. noun ˈme.tɾo meter
casa f. noun ˈka.sa house
naranja (/-) adjective naˈɾaŋ.xa orange 2
pintura f. noun pinˈtu.ɾa paint
1 [vecino] – The feminine form of this word is “la vecina.”
2 [naranja] – “Naranja” is mainly the name of a fruit (“the orange”), but it can also be used as the name of the orange color. In that case
it can be used either as a noun (in which case it must remain invariable: “las faldas naranja”, “the orange skirts”), or as an adjective (in
which case it takes a final -s in plural: “las faldas naranjas”, “the orange skirts”).
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hermano – sesenta – segundo – alto

cerro – carrera – correr – rápido

Spanish Word Notes
hermano m. noun eɾˈma.no brother
sesenta card. number seˈsen.ta 60
segundo m. noun seˈɣun.do second
alto (/-a) adjective ˈal.to high
cerro m. noun ˈθe.ro hill 1
carrera f. noun kaˈre.ɾa course
correr verb koˈreɾ to run
rápido (/-a) adjective ˈra.pi.ðo fast
1 [cerro] – You could also use “la colina” [koˈli.na].
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presidente – ganar – elección

martes – noviembre – tercero

Spanish Word Notes
presidente m. noun pɾe.siˈðen.te president 1
ganar verb ɡaˈnaɾ to win
elección f. noun e.lekˈθjon election 2
martes m. noun ˈmaɾ.tes Tuesday
noviembre m. noun noˈβjem.bɾe November 3
tercero ord. number teɾˈθe.ɾo 3rd 4
1 [presidente] - A female president would be “la presidenta”, though “la presidente” can also be used.
2 [elección] - “Elecciones” (plural) is used when more than one post is elected.
3 [noviembre] – You don’t use definite articles for months.
4 [tercero] – You use “la tercera” for a feminine noun. When “third” comes directly before a masculine noun, you use “tercer”.
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sábado – bar – veintiuno – cerveza – botella – malo

estudiante – universidad

Spanish Word Notes
sábado m. noun ˈsa.βa.ðo Saturday
bar m. noun baɾ bar
veintiuno card. number bei̯n.ˈtju̯.no 21
cerveza f. noun θeɾˈβe.θa beer
botella f. noun boˈte.ʎa bottle
malo (/-a) adjective ˈma.lo bad 1
estudiante m. noun es.tuˈðjan.te student 2
universidad f. noun u.ni.βeɾ.siˈðað university
1 [malo] – The shortened form “mal” is used when placed before a masculine noun.
2 [estudiante] – A female student would be “la estudiante.”
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raza – piel – color

ser humano – luchar – triste

Spanish Word Notes
raza f. noun ˈra.θa race (ethnicity)
piel f. noun pjel skin
color m. noun koˈloɾ color
ser humano m. noun seɾ uˈma.no human
luchar verb luˈtʃaɾ to fight 1
triste (/-) adjective ˈtɾis.te sad
1 [luchar] – You could also use “pelear.”
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agradable – secretaria – fuera – oficina – autobús

sesenta y dos – biblioteca – tarjeta

Spanish Word Notes
agradable (/-) adjective a.ɣɾa.ða.βle nice 1
secretaria f. noun se.kɾeˈta.ɾja secretary 2
fuera adverb ˈfwe.ɾa outside 3
oficina f. noun o.fiˈsi.na office 4
autobús m. noun au̯.toˈβus bus 5
sesenta y dos card. number seˈsen.tai̯ˈðos 62
biblioteca f. noun bi.βljoˈte.ka library
tarjeta f. noun taɾˈxe.ta card 6
1 [agradable] – You could also use “bueno (/-a)” or “amable (/-)”.

2 [secretaria] – A male secretary would be “el secretario”.
3 [fuera] - “Fuera” can be followed by the preposition “de”: “El perro está fuera de la casa” (“The dog is outside the house”). A similar
adverb is “afuera”, which is directional and expresses a movement outwards: “Sal afuera” (“Go out”).”
4 [oficina] – The office of a high-ranking official or a lawyer can also be called “el despacho”.
5 [autobús] –The “bus” can be translated in many different ways, according to the regions. In the Canary and Antille Islands is “la guagua”
[ˈgwa.ɣwa], and in Latin America is “colectivo” or “ómnibus”, and even “camión” (in some parts of Mexico).
6 [tarjeta] – “Tarjeta” is the word for a greeting card, and a “tarjeta de crédito” is a credit card. For a playing card, you would use “la carta”
or “el naipe.
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claro – azul – camisa – policía

pistola – disparar – asesinato

Spanish Word Notes
claro (/-a) adjective ˈkla.ɾo light(color)
azul (/-) adjective aˈθul blue
camisa f. noun kaˈmi.sa shirt
policía f. noun po.liˈθi.a police 1
pistola f. noun pisˈto.la gun
disparar verb dis.paˈɾaɾ to shoot
asesinato m. noun a.se.siˈna.to murder
1 [policía] – “La policía” is the word for the police force in general, as well as for a female police officer. A male police officer would be
“el policía.”
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maestro – escuela – cincuenta

mitad – cien – enseñar – niño – lápiz – nota

Spanish Word Notes
maestro m. noun maˈes.tɾo teacher 1
escuela f. noun esˈkwe.la school
cincuenta card. number θiŋˈkwen.ta 50
mitad f. noun miˈtað half 2
cien card. number θjen 100
enseñar verb en.seˈɲaɾ to teach
niño m. noun ˈni.ɲo child 3
lápiz m. noun ˈla.piθ pencil 4
nota f. noun ˈno.ta note
1 [maestro] – A female teacher would be “la maestra.” You could also use “el profesor” or the feminine form “la profesora” to mean
“teacher.”
2 [mitad] - For “half an hour”, “half a year” you should use the adjective “medio (/-a)”: “media hora” (“half an hour”).
3 [niño] – A female child would be “la niña.” You could also use “el chico” or “el muchacho” for a male child and “la chica” or “la
muchacha” for a female child. Other words: “chiquillo/a,” “crío/a.”
4 [lápiz] – You could also use “lapicero.”
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chica – sueño – sonreír – reina

sexo – femenino – oro – cabeza – rico

Spanish Word Notes
chica f. noun ˈʧi.ka girl 1
sueño m. noun ˈswe.ɲo dream
sonreír verb son.reˈiɾ to smile
reina f. noun ˈrei̯.na queen
sexo m. noun ˈsek.so sex (gender)
femenino (/-a) adjective fe.meˈni.no female
oro m. noun ˈo.ɾo gold
cabeza f. noun kaˈβe.θa head
rico (/-a) adjective ˈri.ko rich
1 [chica] – You could also say “la muchacha.”
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autor – cincuenta y dos – semana

escribir – mil – página – libro

Spanish Word Notes
autor m. noun au̯ ˈtoɾ author 1
cincuenta y dos card. number θiŋˈkwen.tai̯ˈðos 52
semana f. noun seˈma.na week
escribir verb es.kɾiˈβiɾ to write
mil card. number mil 1000
página f. noun ˈpa.xi.na page
libro m. noun ˈli.βɾo book
1 [autor] – A female author would be “la autora.”
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club – lento – música – escuchar

instrumento

Spanish Word Notes
club m. noun kluβ club 1
lento (/-a) adjective ˈlen.to slow
música f. noun ˈmu.si.ka music
escuchar verb es.kuˈʧaɾ to listen
instrumento m. noun ins.tɾuˈmen.to instrument
1 [club] – The plural of “club” is “clubes”
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sur – oeste – lugar – cincuenta y uno

espacio exterior – volar

Spanish Word Notes
sur m. noun suɾ south 1
oeste m. noun oˈes.te west 2
lugar m. noun luˈɣaɾ location
cincuenta y uno card. number θiŋˈkwen.taˈju̯ .no 51
espacio exterior m. noun esˈpa.θjo eks.teˈɾjoɾ (outer) space
volar verb boˈlaɾ to fly
1 [sur] – You use the capitalized “el Sur” when referring to the point on the compass.
2 [oeste] – You use the capitalized “el Oeste” when referring to the point on a compass.
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lunes – tren – ochenta y dos – este – dirección

pobre – madre – trabajar – ciudad

Spanish Word Notes
lunes m. noun ˈlu.nes Monday
tren m. noun tɾen train
ochenta y dos card. number oˈʧen.tai̯ˈðos 82
este m. noun ˈes.te east 1
dirección f. noun di.ɾekˈθjon direction 2
pobre (/-) adjective ˈpo.βɾe poor
madre f. noun ma.ðɾe mother 3
trabajar verb tɾa.βaˈxaɾ to work
ciudad f. noun θjuˈðað city
1 [este] – You use the capitalized “el Este” when referring to the point on a compass.
2 [dirección] - Also means “address”
3 [madre] - In Mexico and other Latin American nations “madre” is used only in formal contexts, and “mamá” (“mum”) is preferably used.
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ciencia – revista – cerebro

pensar – nuclear – calor – energía

Spanish Word Notes
ciencia f. noun ˈθjen.θja science
revista f. noun reˈβis.ta magazine
cerebro m. noun θeˈɾe.βɾo brain
pensar verb penˈsaɾ to think
nuclear (/-) adjective nu.kleˈaɾ nuclear
calor m. noun kaˈloɾ heat
energía f. noun e.neɾˈxi.a energy
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noventa y uno – gasolina – motor – coche – transporte

conducir – puente – girar – derecho – detener(se)

Spanish Word Notes
noventa y uno card. number noˈβen.taˈju̯ .no 91
gasolina f. noun ga.soˈli.na gasoline
motor m. noun moˈtoɾ engine
coche m. noun ˈko.ʧe car 1
transporte m. noun tɾansˈpoɾ.te transportation
conducir verb kon.ðuˈθiɾ to drive 2
puente m. noun ˈpwen.te bridge
girar verb xiˈɾaɾ to turn 3
derecho (/-a) adjective deˈɾe.ʧo right 4
detener(se) verb de.teˈneɾ.se to stop 5
1 [coche] - In Latin America you would also use “carro” and “auto”.
2 [conducir] - In Latin America you would use “manejar”.
3 [girar] – You could also use “volver(se)”.
4 [derecho] - “Derecha” is the feminine form of the adjective “derecho” and can be used in phrases like “a la derecha de…” (“to the right
of…”).
5 [detener(se)] – In Spain you would also hear “parar(se)” for “to stop”, although in most Latin American countries “parar(se)” is used in
the sense of “to stand up”.
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setenta y dos – hora – limpiar – abrigo

sangre – mancha – caro – cuenta

Spanish Word Notes
setenta y dos card. number seˈten.tai̯ˈðos 72
hora f. noun ˈo.ɾa hour
limpiar verb limˈpjaɾ to clean
abrigo m. noun aˈβɾi.ɣo coat
sangre f. noun ˈsaŋ.ɡɾe blood
mancha f. noun ˈmaɲ.ʧa stain
caro (/-a) adjective ˈka.ɾo expensive
cuenta f. noun ˈkwen.ta bill 1
1 [cuenta] – You would use “la cuenta” especially for a restaurant bill. You can use “la factura” for a bill for other kinds of goods and
services.
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bajo – valle – granja – alimentar

vaca – leche – mezclar – queso

Spanish Word Notes
bajo (/-a) adjective ˈba.xo low
valle m. noun ˈba.ʎe valley
granja f. noun ˈɡɾaŋ.xa farm 1
alimentar verb a.li.menˈtaɾ to feed
vaca f. noun ˈba.ka cow
leche f. noun ˈle.ʧe milk
mezclar verb meθˈklaɾ to mix / stir
queso m. noun ˈke.so cheese
1 [granja] – You can also use “finca,” which is very similar but suggests a bigger farm.
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nosotros – cuarto – julio – oír

explotar – rojo

Spanish Word Notes
nosotros pronoun noˈso.tɾos we 1
cuarto ord. number ˈkwaɾ.to 4th
julio m. noun ˈxu.ljo July 2
oír verb oˈiɾ to hear
explotar verb eks.ploˈtaɾ explode
rojo (/-a) adjective ˈro.xo red
1 [nosotros] - If the “we” you are referring to is an entirely female group, you’d use “nosotras”.
2 [julio] – You don’t use definite articles for months.
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marido – cara – barba – diez mil

corto – negro – pelo

Spanish Word Notes
marido m. noun maˈɾi.ðo husband 1
cara f. noun ˈka.ɾa face
barba f. noun ˈbaɾ.βa beard
diez mil card. number djeθˈmil 10000
corto (/-a) adjective ˈkoɾ.to short (vs long)
negro (/-a) adjective ˈne.ɣɾo black
pelo m. noun ˈpe.lo hair 2
1 [marido] – You could also say “el esposo.”

2 [pelo] – You can also use “el cabello” specifically to refer to the hair on a person’s head.
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labio – diente – hablar – consonante

sonido

Spanish Word Notes
labio m. noun ˈla.βjo lip
diente m. noun ˈdjen.te tooth
hablar verb aˈβlaɾ to speak / say 1
consonante f. noun kon.soˈnan.te consonant
sonido m. noun soˈni.ðo sound
1 [hablar] – “Hablar” means “to speak.” For “to say,” you would use “decir.”
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catorce – noventa y dos – encontrar – país – profundo

océano – ola – no – mapa – borde – mundo

Spanish Word Notes
catorce card. number kaˈtoɾ.θe 14
noventa y dos card. number noˈβen.tai̯ˈðos 92
encontrar verb eŋ.konˈtɾaɾ find
país m. noun paˈis country
profundo (/-a) adjective pɾoˈfun.do deep
océano m. noun oˈθe.a.no ocean
ola f. noun ˈo.la wave 1
no adverb no no
mapa m. noun ˈma.pa map
borde m. noun ˈboɾ.ðe edge
mundo m. noun ˈmun.do world
1 [ola] - “Ola” is a sea wave, but in the field of Physics you should use “onda”: “ondas electromagnéticas” (“electromagnetic waves”).
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probar – sal – aceite

carne de cerdo – manzana

Spanish Word Notes
probar verb pɾoˈβaɾ to taste 1
sal f. noun sal salt
aceite m. noun aˈθei̯.te oil
carne de cerdo f. noun ˈkaɾ.ne ðe ˈθeɾ.ðo pork
manzana f. noun manˈθa.na apple
1 [probar] - Another verb for “to taste” is “saborear”.
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sesenta y uno – calle – esquina

iglesia – sacerdote – casar(se)

Spanish Word Notes
sesenta y uno card. number seˈsen.taˈju̯ .no 61
calle f. noun ˈka.ʎe street
esquina f. noun esˈki.na corner
iglesia f. noun iˈɣle.sja church
sacerdote m. noun sa.θeɾˈðo.te priest 1
casar(se) verb kaˈsaɾ.se to marry 2
1 [sacerdote] – In Latin America you could also hear “padre”. Another word is “cura”.
2 [casar(se)] - “Casarse” is an intransitive verb and governs the preposition “con”: “Me casaré con Luisa” (“I will marry Luisa”).
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abuelo – sombrero – traje

débil – rodilla – rezar – Dios – paz

Spanish Word Notes
abuelo m. noun aˈβwe.lo grandfather
sombrero m. noun somˈbɾe.ɾo hat 1
traje m. noun ˈtɾa.xe suit 2
débil (/-) adjective ˈde.βil weak
rodilla f. noun roˈði.ʎa knee
rezar verb reˈθaɾ to pray 3
Dios m. noun djos God 4
paz f. noun paθ peace
1 [sombrero] – If you mean a hat like a baseball cap, you can also use “gorra.”
2 [traje] – In Latin America you would use “saco”.
3 [rezar] – You could also use “orar.”
4 [Dios] – If you are referring to God, then you wouldn’t use the article “el”. If you are referring to a god (or many gods) more generally,
then you would use the article.
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periódico – periodista – ataque – ejército – metal

buque – quemar – diecinueve – cuarenta y uno
guerra

Spanish Word Notes
periódico m. noun peˈɾjo.ði.ko newspaper 1
periodista m. noun pe.ɾjoˈðis.ta reporter 2
ataque m. noun aˈta.ke attack
ejército m. noun eˈxeɾ.θi.to army
metal m. noun meˈtal metal
buque m. noun ˈbu.ke ship 3
quemar verb keˈmaɾ to burn
diecinueve card. number dje.θiˈnwe.βe 19
cuarenta y uno card. number kwaˈɾen.taˈju̯.no 41
guerra f. noun ˈɡe.ra war
1 [periódico] – In Mexico, you could also use “diario.”

2 [periodista] – A female reporter would be “la periodista.” You would use “periodista” for a reporter who writes articles and “reportero”
for a reporter involved with other aspects of journalism.
3 [buque] - Another word for “ship” is “el barco”, although it can also be used for smaller ships or boats.
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plata – material – portátil – cerrar

Spanish Word Notes
plata f. noun ˈpla.ta silver
material m. noun ma.teˈɾjal material
portátil m. noun poɾˈta.til laptop
cerrar verb θeˈraɾ to close
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mayo – quinto – semilla – cultivar

rosa – flor – cortar

Spanish Word Notes
mayo m. noun ˈma.ʝo May 1
quinto ord. number ˈkin.to 5th
semilla f. noun seˈmi.ʎa seed 2
cultivar verb kul.tiˈβaɾ to grow 3
rosa (/-) adjective ˈro.sa pink 4
flor f. noun floɾ flower
cortar verb koɾˈtaɾ to cut
1 [mayo] – You don’t use definite articles for months.

2 [semilla] – Another word for “seed” is “la simiente”.
3 [cultivar] - If you mean that a person is growing, you would use “crecer”, but for growing vegetables “cultivar” must be used.
4 [rosa] - “Rosa” is mainly the name of a flower (“the rose”), but it can also used as the name of the color pink, either as a noun (in which
case must remain invariable: “las faldas rosa”, “the pink skirts”), or as an adjective (in which case can take -s in plural: “las faldas rosas”,
“the pink skirts”).
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otoño – estación – septiembre – campamento – hija

despertar (se) – suave – hierba – dedo del pie

Spanish Word Notes
otoño m. noun oˈto.ɲo fall
estación f. noun es.taˈθjon season 1
septiembre m. noun sepˈtjem.bɾe September 2
campamento m. noun kam.paˈmen.to camp
hija f. noun ˈi.xa daughter
despertar (se) verb des.peɾˈtaɾ.se to wake
suave (/-) adjective ˈswa.βe soft
hierba f. noun ˈjeɾ.βa grass 3
dedo del pie m. noun ˈde.ðo ðel pje toe
1 [estación] – “Estación” is the word for spring, summer, fall and winter. You would use “temporada” [tem.poˈɾa.ða] for a period of time
that comes up year after year (e.g. “la temporada de fútbol” for “the football season”).
2 [septiembre] – You don’t use definite articles for months.
3 [hierba] – You could also use the word “césped,” which has a meaning closer to that of “lawn.”
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llave – apartamento – puerta

ciento once – ellos – vivir – tejado

Spanish Word Notes
llave f. noun ˈʎa.βe key 1
apartamento m. noun a.paɾ.taˈmen.to apartment
puerta f. noun ˈpweɾ.ta door
ciento once card. number ˈθjen.to ˈon.θe 111
ellos pronoun ˈe.ʎos they 2
vivir verb biˈβiɾ to live
tejado m. noun teˈxa.ðo roof
1 [llave] - If you’re referring to a key on a keyboard, you would use “la tecla”, while the “key point” of a given subject is “el punto clave”.
2 [ellos] – If the “they” you are referring to is an entirely female group, you’d use “ellas.”
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viejo – enfermo – abuela – lavar – jabón – limpio

Spanish Word Notes
viejo (/-a) adjective ˈbje.xo old (young)
enfermo (/-a) adjective eɱˈfeɾ.mo sick
abuela f. noun aˈβwe.la grandmother
lavar verb laˈβaɾ to wash 1
jabón m. noun xaˈβon soap
limpio (/-a) adjective ˈlim.pjo clean
1 [lavar] – In Spain, you use “fregar” if you mean washing dishes and “lavar” if you mean washing clothing or the body.
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famoso – banda – cima – radio – canción – cien mil

persona – multitud – bailar

Spanish Word Notes
famoso (/-a) adjective faˈmo.so famous
banda f. noun ˈban.da band
cima f. noun ˈθi.ma top 1
radio f. noun ˈra.ðjo radio
canción f. noun kanˈθjon song
cien mil card. number θjenˈmil 100000
persona f. noun peɾˈso.na person
multitud f. noun mul.tiˈtuð crowd
bailar verb bai̯ˈlaɾ to dance
1 [cima] – “Top” can be translated in a variety of ways, depending on the context: “primer puesto,” “parte superior,” “cima.” Some
examples: “en el primer puesto de la clasificación” (“at the top of the chart”), “en la parte superior de la página” (“at the top of the page”),
“en la cima de la montaña” (“on the top of the mountain”).
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él – tacaño – matar – hijo – cuchillo

infierno – fuego – religión

Spanish Word Notes
él pronoun el he
tacaño (/-a) adjective taˈka.ɲo mean
matar verb maˈtaɾ to kill
hijo m. noun ˈi.xo son
cuchillo m. noun kuˈʧi.ʎo knife
infierno m. noun ˈiɱˈfjeɾ.no hell
fuego m. noun ˈfwe.ɣo fire
religión f. noun re.liˈxjon religion
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setenta y uno – víctima – veneno

té – morir(se)
©2014 Andrea Tsurumi

Spanish Word Notes
setenta y uno card. number seˈten.taˈju̯ .no 71
víctima f. noun ˈbik.ti.ma victim 1
veneno m. noun beˈne.no poison
té m. noun te tea
morir(se) verb moˈɾiɾ.se to die 2
1 [victima] – “Víctima” is always a feminine noun, regardless of the person’s gender.
2 [morir(se)] – Both “morir” and “morirse” have the same meaning, although “morir” seems to be more formal and “morirse” more
colloquial and with emotional nuances.
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paciente – herida – romper(se) – brazo – hueso

hospital – habitación – cuarenta y dos

Spanish Word Notes
paciente m. noun paˈθjen.te patient 1
herida f. noun eˈɾi.ða injury
romper(se) verb romˈpeɾ.se to break 2
brazo m. noun ˈbɾa.θo arm
hueso m. noun ˈwe.so bone
hospital m. noun os.piˈtal hospital
habitación f.noun a.βi.ta.'θjon room
cuarenta y dos card. number kwa,ɾen.tai̯ˈðos 42
1 [paciente] – A female patient would be “la paciente.”
2 [romper(se)] – When talking about the non desired breaking of one’s body part, you should use the pronominal form (“romperse”)
followed by the body part’s name with definite article (not possessive): “I broke my arm” / “Me rompí el brazo”. If you say “Rompí mi
brazo”, you mean that you broke it willingly.
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doblar – lengua – abrir – boca

vocal

Spanish Word Notes
doblar verb doˈblaɾ to bend
lengua f. noun ˈleŋ.ɡwa tongue
abrir verb aˈβɾiɾ to open
boca f. noun ˈbo.ka mouth
vocal f. noun boˈkal vowel
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ciento diez – libra – ligero – soldado

marrón – polvo – patrón – camiseta

Spanish Word Notes
ciento diez card. number ˈθjen.to ðjeθ 110
libra f. noun ˈli.βɾa pound
ligero (/-a) adjective liˈxe.ɾo light (heavy)
soldado m. noun solˈda.ðo soldier 1
marrón (/-) adjective maˈron brown
polvo m. noun ˈpol.βo dust
patrón m. noun paˈtɾon pattern 2
camiseta f. noun ka.miˈse.ta t-shirt
1 [soldado] – A female soldier would be “la soldado.”

2 [patrón] - “Patrón” is used for images that repeat themselves, patterns on fabric, sewing patterns, etc. “El modelo” (model) will also
appear often in the context of clothing, though it generally refers to the overall style/cut of an article of clothing, rather than the pattern on
the fabric of that article of clothing.
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padre – mirar – treinta y dos – pulgada – televisión

ancho – pantalla – beber – fresco – bebida

Spanish Word Notes
padre m. noun ˈpa.ðɾe father 1
mirar verb miˈɾaɾ to watch 2
treinta y dos card. number tɾei̯n.tai̯ˈðos 32
pulgada f. noun pulˈɣa.ða inch
televisión f. noun te.le.βiˈsjon television 3
ancho (/-a) adjective ˈaɲ.ʧo wide
pantalla f. noun panˈta.ʎa screen
beber verb beˈβeɾ to drink
fresco (/-a) adjective ˈfɾes.ko cool
bebida f. noun beˈβi.ða beverage
1 [padre] – In Mexico and other Latin American nations “padre” is used only in formal contexts, and “papá” (“dad”) is preferably used.
2 [mirar] – In Mexico, you’d use “mirar” if you’re talking about watching television (“se mira la televisión”). In Spain, you’d use the verb
“ver,” which means “to see” (“se ve la televisión”).
3 [televisión] – You can say “la tele” for short.
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Index 1:
Your First 625 (in Thematic Order, with notes and page numbers)
Key: [21], bike - bicicleta [17], bus - autobús [62],

Category words (i.e. ‘animal’) are desig- boat - barco [25], ship – buque [81], tire -
nated with a little superscript C (Like thisC). rueda [21], gasoline – gasolina [71], engine
Learn these words word by using 2-3 other - motor [71], ticket - billete [54], transporta-
pictures/words on your flashcards (i.e. ‘ani- tion – transporte [71]c
mal = dog, cat, fish...’). If you have the Flu-
ent Forever book, check out the “Special Location: city - ciudad [69], house – casa
Scenarios” section of the 2nd Gallery to see [57], apartment - apartamento [85], street
an example. -calle [79], airport - aeropuerto [54], train sta-
tion - estación de tren [43], bridge – puente
Easily Confounded Images (i.e., ‘girl’ [71], hotel - hotel [27], restaurant - restau-
looks like ‘daughter’) are designated with rante [33], farm - granja [73], court – tribu-
an asterisk (Like this*). These are groups nal [28], school - escuela [64], office – oficina
of words that will use very similar images [62], room - habitación [90], town - ciudad
(girl/daughter, marriage/wedding). Learn [16], university - universidad [60], club - club
these words by adding a personal touch [67], bar - bar [60], park - parque [7], camp -
(i.e., the name of a ‘daughter’ you might campamento [84], store/shop - tienda [18],
know) or an additional word or two in your theater - teatro [14], library - biblioteca [62],
target language (i.e., daughter might go hospital - hospital [90], church - iglesia [79],
with mother/father). Again, if you have market - mercado [51], country - país [77],
the Fluent Forever book, see the “Special building - edificio [46], ground - suelo [21],
Scenarios” section of the 2nd Gallery for (outer) space - espacio (exterior) [68], bank -
examples. banco [32], location - lugar[68]c
Animal: dog - perro [7], cat - gato [31], fish Clothing: hat - sombrero [80], dress - ves-
- pez [40], bird - pájaro [45], cow - vaca [73], tido [35], suit - traje [80], skirt - falda [12],
pig - cerdo [24], mouse - ratón [31], horse - shirt - camisa [63], T-shirt - camiseta [92],
caballo [37], wing - ala [45], animal – animal pants - pantalones [18], shoes – zapatos
[37]c [34], pocket - bolsillo [18], coat - abrigo [72],
stain - mancha [72], clothing - ropa [18]
Transportation: train – tren [69], plane -
avión [54], car - coche [71], truck - camión Color: red - rojo [74], green - verde [48],
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blue - azul [63], yellow - amarillo [45], brown - boda *[35], team - equipo [36], race (eth-
- marrón [92], pink - rosa [83], orange - nara- nicity) - raza [61], sex (the act) - sexo [10], sex
nja [57], black - negro [75], white - blanco [5], (gender) - sexo [65], murder - asesinato [63],
gray - gris [16], color - color [61]c prison - cárcel [43], technology - tecnología
[41], energy - energía [70], war - guerra [81],
People: son - hijo*[88], daughter - hija*[84], peace - paz [80], attack - ataque [81], elec-
mother - madre [69], father - padre [93], tion - elección [59], magazine - revista [70],
parent - padres [13], baby - bebé [13], man newspaper – periódico [81], poison - veneno
- hombre [32], woman - mujer [12], brother [89], gun - pistola [63], sport - deporte [11],
- hermano *[58], sister - hermana *[56], fam- course - carrera [58], exercise - ejercicio [11],
ily - familia [25], grandfather - abuelo [80], ball - balón [36], game - juego [48], price -
grandmother - abuela [86], husband - mari- precio [18], contract - contrato [28], drug -
do *[75], wife - mujer *[35], king - rey [14], droga [43], sign - señal [18], science - ciencia
queen - reina [65], president - presidente [70], God - Dios [80]
[59], neighbor - vecino [57], boy - chico
[50], girl - chica [65], child - niño [64], adult - Art: band - banda [87], song - canción [87],
adulto [43], human - ser humano [61], friend instrument - instrumento [67], music - músi-
- amigo [55], victim - víctima [89], player - ju- ca [67], movie - película [49], art - arte [47]
gador [36], fan (sports) - hincha [36], crowd
- multitud [87], person - persona [87]c Beverages: coffee - café [38], tea - té [89],
wine - vino [33], beer - cerveza [60], juice -
Job: teacher - maestro [64], student – estu- zumo [42], water - agua [56], milk - leche
diante [60], lawyer - abogado [28], doctor - [73], beverage - bebida [93]c
médico [30], patient - paciente [90], waiter
- camarero [6], secretary - secretaria [62], Food Related: egg - huevo [42], cheese -
priest - sacerdote [79], police - policía [63], queso [73], bread - pan [51], soup - sopa [33],
army - ejército, [81], soldier - soldado [92], cake - tarta [50], chicken - pollo [33], pork -
artist - artista [26], author - autor [66], man- carne de cerdo [78], beef - carne de vacuno
ager - gerente [32], reporter - periodista [51], apple - manzana [78], banana - plátano
[81], actor - actor [49], job - trabajo [32] c [51], orange - naranja [42], lemon - limón
[50], corn - maíz [24], rice - arroz [35], oil -
Society: religion - religión [88], heaven - aceite [78], seed - semilla [83], knife - cuchillo
cielo [23], hell - infierno [88], death - muerte [88], spoon - cuchara [33], fork - tenedor [50],
[46], medicine - medicina [30], money - plate - plato [50], cup - taza [42], breakfast -
dinero [17], dollar - dólar [28], bill - cuenta desayuno [42], lunch - comida [51], dinner
[72], marriage - matrimonio *[10], wedding - cena [33], sugar - azúcar [50], salt - sal [78],
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bottle - botella [60], food - comida [51]c - mano [49], leg - pata [24], arm - brazo [90],
shoulder - hombro [52], heart - corazón [30],
Home Related: table – mesa [33], chair - sil- blood - sangre [72], brain - cerebro [70], knee
la [33], bed - cama [27], dream - sueño [65], - rodilla [80], sweat - sudor [44], disease - en-
window - ventana [39], door - puerta [85], fermedad [30], bone - hueso [90], voice - voz
bedroom - dormitorio [53], kitchen - cocina [28], skin - piel [61], body - cuerpo [10]
[42], bathroom - baño [39], pencil - lápiz [64],
pen - bolígrafo [47], photograph - fotografía Nature Related: sea - mar *[25], ocean -
[25], soap - jabón [86], book - libro [66], page océano *[77], river - río [8], mountain - mon-
- página [66], key - llave [85], paint - pintura taña [19], rain - lluvia [16], snow - nieve [34],
[57], letter - carta [32], note - nota [64], wall tree - árbol [45], sun - sol [38], moon - luna
- pared [47], paper - papel [32], floor - piso [5], world - mundo [77], earth - Tierra [5], for-
[46], ceiling - techo [53], roof - tejado [86], est - bosque [34], sky - cielo [5], plant - plan-
pool - piscina [44], lock - cerradura [29], tele- ta [24], wind - viento [34], soil - tierra [24],
phone - teléfono [13], garden - jardín [39], flower - flor [83], valley - valle [73], root - raíz
yard - patio [48], needle - aguja [30], bag - [45], lake - lago [56], star - estrella [5], grass
bolsa [52], box - caja [37], gift - regalo [17], - hierba [84], leaf - hoja [34], air - aire [53],
card - tarjeta [62], ring - anillo [12], tool - her- sand - arena [23], beach - playa [23], wave -
ramienta [26], home - casa [29] ola [77], fire - fuego [88], ice - hielo [8], island
- isla [23], hill - cerro [58], heat - calor [70],
Electronics: clock - reloj [38], lamp - lám- nature - naturaleza [45]c
para [26], fan (appliance) - ventilador [53],
cell phone - móvil [55], network - red [55], Materials: glass - cristal [25], metal - metal
computer - ordenador [41], program (com- [81], plastic - plástico [27], wood - madera
puter) - programa [41], laptop - portátil [82], [45], stone - piedra [19], diamond - diamante
screen - pantalla [93], camera - cámara [25], [35], clay - arcilla [26], dust - polvo [92], gold
television - televisión [93], radio - radio [87] - oro [65], copper - cobre [26], silver - plata
[82], material - material [82]c
Body Related: head - cabeza [65], neck
- cuello [10], face - cara [75], beard - barba Math/Measurements: meter - metro [57],
[75], hair - pelo [75], eye - ojo [39], mouth centimeter - centímetro [26], kilogram - ki-
- boca *[91], lip - labio *[76], nose - nariz logramo [40], inch - pulgada [93], foot - pie
[38], tooth - diente [76], ear - oreja [12], tear [12], pound - libra [92], half - mitad [64],
(drop) - lágrima [13], tongue - lengua [91], circle - círculo [22], square - cuadrado [57],
back (body) - espalda [6], toe - dedo del pie temperature - temperatura [44], date - fecha
[84], finger - dedo [41], foot - pie [36], hand [34], weight - peso [21], edge - borde [77],
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corner - esquina [79] [12], 6 - seis [40], 7 - siete [27], 8 - ocho [33],
9 - nueve [38], 10 - diez [41], 11 - once [29],
Misc Nouns: map - mapa [77], dot - punto 12 - doce [43], 13 - trece [46], 14 - catorce
[5], consonant - consonante [76], vowel - vo- [77], 15 - quince [29], 16 - dieciséis [53], 17
cal [91], light (noun) - luz [38], sound - soni- - diecisiete [50], 18 - dieciocho [48], 19 - di-
do [76], yes - sí [32], no - no [77], piece - trozo ecinueve [81], 20 - veinte [8], 21 - veintiuno
[50], pain - dolor [6], injury - herida [90], hole [60], 22 - veintidós [36], 30 - treinta [26], 31
- agujero [48], image - imagen [47], pattern - treinta y uno [34], 32 - treinta y dos [93], 40
- patrón [92], noun - sustantivo [15]C, verb - - cuarenta [38], 41 - cuarenta y uno [81], 42
verbo [9] C, adjective - adjetivo [20] - cuarenta y dos [90], 50 - cincuenta [64], 51
Note: Use Noun, Verb, & Adjective as labels - cincuenta y uno [68], 52 - cincuenta y dos
to help distinguish between very similar- [66], 60 - sesenta [58], 61 - sesenta y uno [79],
looking words (i.e., to die (verb), death 62 - sesenta y dos [62], 70 - setenta [19], 71
(noun), dead (adjective)) - setenta y uno [89], 72 - setenta y dos [72],
80 - ochenta [18], 81 - ochenta y uno [57],
Directions: top - cima [87], bottom - fondo 82 - ochenta y dos [69], 90 - noventa [55],
[25], side - lado [52], front - frente [39], back 91 - noventa y uno [71], 92 - noventa y dos
(direction) - detrás [54], outside - fuera [62], [77], 100 - cien [64], 101 - ciento uno [7], 102
inside - dentro [54], up - arriba [5], down - ciento dos [44], 110 - ciento diez [92], 111
- abajo [25], left - izquierdo [52], right - - ciento once [85], 1000 - mil [66], 1001 - mil
derecho [71], straight - derecho [54], north uno [14], 10000 - diez mil [75], 100000 - cien
- norte [16], south - sur [68], east - este [69], mil [87], million - millón [19], billion - mil mil-
west - oeste [68], direction - dirección [69]c lones [28], 1st - primero [11], 2nd - segundo
Note: You may not find all of these in your [16], 3rd - tercero [59], 4th - cuarto [74], 5th
glossary, and you may have trouble finding - quinto [83], number - número [22]c
pictures even if you do. That’s fine. Skip them Note: If you search for a number (one, two,
for now, or use my collection of images for three), you’ll find pictures of objects (1
directions and prepositions at Fluent-Forever. apple, 2 monkeys, etc.). This usually works
com/Appendix5 until 10. Then search for the digits (10, 11,
12). You’ll find colorful numerals, address
Seasons: summer - verano [44], spring - pri- signs, etc. Use these images (picture of
mavera [8], winter - invierno [16], fall – otoño hotel room #33) instead of text (#33); these
[84], season - estación [84]c pictures easier to remember and they don’t
get mixed up as easily.
Numbers: 0 - cero [22], 1 - uno [5], 2 - dos
[36], 3 - tres [31], 4 - cuatro [24], 5 - cinco Months: January - enero [11], February -
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febrero [16], March - marzo [8], April - abril to kill - matar [88], to die – morir(se) [89],
[50], May - mayo [83], June - junio [23], July to smile - sonreír [65], to laugh - reír [55],
- julio [74], August - agosto [44], September to cry - llorar [13], to buy - comprar *[17],
- septiembre [84], October - octubre [36], to pay - pagar *[43], to sell - vender *[18],
November - noviembre [59], December - to shoot - disparar [63], to learn - aprender
diciembre [34] [41], to jump - saltar [7], to smell - oler [38],
Note: You’ll usually find pictures of holidays to hear - oír *[74], listen - escuchar *[67], to
and weather. Add in the number of each taste - probar [78], to touch - tocar [10], to
month (#1-12) to get more specific. see - ver [39], to watch - mirar [93], to kiss
- besar [10], to burn - quemar [81], to melt
Days of the week: Monday - lunes [69], – derretir(se) [8], to dig - cavar [24], explode -
Tuesday - martes [59], Wednesday - miér- explotar [74], to sit - sentar(se) [25], to stand
coles [51], Thursday - jueves [36], Friday - vi- - poner(se) de pie [6], to love - amar [14], to
ernes [6], Saturday - sábado [60], Sunday - pass by - pasar [46], to cut - cortar [83], to
domingo [35] fight - luchar [61], to lie down - acostar(se)
[53], to dance - bailar [87], to sleep - dormir
Time Related: year - año [19], month - mes [29], to wake - despertar(se) [84], to sing -
[43], week - semana [66], day - día [27], hour cantar [45], to count - contar [7], to marry
- hora [72], minute - minuto [55], second - - casar(se) [79], to pray - rezar [80], to win -
segundo [58], morning - mañana [38], after- ganar [59], to lose - perder [48], to mix - mez-
noon - tarde [53], evening - tarde [29], night clar [73], to bend - doblar [91], to wash - la-
- noche [14], time - tiempo [53]c var [86], to cook - cocinar [42], to open - abrir
Note: You’ll find pictures of clocks and [91], to close - cerrar [82], to write - escribir
calendars. If needed, define each time [66], to call - llamar [55], to turn – girar [71],
division in terms of another time division, i.e. to build - construir [57], to teach - enseñar
60 x minuto = 1 ___ (ora), 1 ora = 60 x ____ [64], to grow - cultivar [83], to draw - dibujar
(minuto). Don’t worry about plural forms [47], to feed - alimentar [73], to catch - agar-
(you don’t need the word for “minutes” yet) rar [40], to throw - tirar [35], to clean - limpiar
[72], to find - encontrar [77], to fall - caer [19],
Verbs: to work - trabajar [69], to play - jugar to push - empujar [30], to pull - tirar [37], to
[48], to walk - andar [16], to run - correr [58], carry - llevar [21], to break – romper(se) [90],
to drive - conducir [71], to fly - volar [68], to to wear - llevar (puesto) [12], to hang - colgar
swim - nadar [56], to go - ir *[34], to stop – [47], to shake - sacudir [34], to sign - firmar
detener(se) [71], to follow - seguir [31], to [28], to beat/hit - golpear [37], to lift - levan-
think - pensar [70], to speak/say - hablar tar [52], to live - vivir [85]
[76], to eat - comer [24], to drink - beber [93], Note: For verbs, you’ll probably need to learn
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your language’s word for “verb” and add it to Note: For a few of these adjectives, you
any verb that could masquerade as a noun (to may need to learn your language’s word for
kiss vs a kiss). I give you guidelines for this in “adjective” and add it in cases of ambiguity
the “Special Scenarios” section of the Gallery. (i.e., to clean vs a clean room).
Adjectives: long – largo [18], short (long) – Subject Pronouns: I - yo [42], you (singular)
corto [75], tall – alto [26], short – bajo [12], - tú [41], he - él [88], she - ella [53], it - esto
wide – ancho [93], narrow – estrecho [33], [17], we - nosotros [74], you (plural) - vo-
large/big – grande [49], small/little – peque- sotros [33], they - ellos [85]
ño [35], slow - lento [67], fast – rápido [58], Note: The main goal of including some
hot - caliente [44], cold – frío [16], warm – cá- pronouns now is to give you a few words
lido [23], cool – fresco [93], new – nuevo [11], to refer to yourself or someone else. We’ve
old (new) – viejo [19], young – joven [7], old tried to include some footnotes helping to
(young) - viejo [86], good - bueno [42], bad explain the pronouns you have available,
- malo [60], wet – húmedo [16], dry - seco but you’ll get a more in-depth discussion
[44], sick - enfermo [86], healthy – sano [11], of them in your grammar book. Note that
loud – ruidoso [13], quiet – silencioso [28], you don’t yet need him, her, his, their, etc.
happy – feliz [32], sad - triste [61], beauti- It’s generally best to get to those later, once
ful – bonito [26], ugly - feo [40], deaf – sordo you’re done with the 625 and are ready for
[13], blind – ciego [31], nice - agradable [62], some grammar.
mean - tacaño [88], rich - rico [65], poor - po- How do you learn these without translations?
bre [69], thick - gordo [45], thin – delgado Use pictures of people pointing at
[34], expensive - caro [72], cheap – barato themselves/each other. I have a collection
[27], flat - liso [40], curved – curvado [22], of these at Fluent-Forever.com/Appendix5
male - masculino [49], female – femenino if your Google Image searches don’t turn
[65], tight – estrecho [12], loose – suelto [18], up anything good. Use these images, and
high - alto [58], low - bajo [73], soft - suave if your language, has different sorts of
[84], hard – duro [19], deep - profundo [77], pronouns for different sorts of relationships
shallow – poco profundo [8], clean - limpio (i.e., friends vs acquaintances), then take a
[86], dirty – sucio [24], strong – fuerte [37], few minutes to think of some people you’d
weak - débil [80], dead – muerto [19], alive use these pronouns with. Use their names
– vivo [30], heavy - pesado [37], light (heavy) on your flashcards.
- ligero [92], dark – oscuro [14], light (color)
- claro [63], nuclear - nuclear [70], famous -
famoso [87]
99
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Index 2:
Your First 625 (in Alphabetical Order, English - Spanish)
0 - cero [22] 1st - primero [11] blood - sangre [72] color - color [61]
1 - uno [5] 2nd - segundo [16] blue - azul [63] computer - ordenador [41]
2 - dos [36] 3rd - tercero [59] boat - barco [25] consonant
3 - tres [31] 4th - cuarto [74] body - cuerpo [10] - consonante [76]
4 - cuatro [24] 5th - quinto [83] bone - hueso [90] contract - contrato [28]
5 - cinco [12] book - libro [66] cook - cocinar [42]
6 - seis [40] actor - actor [49] bottle - botella [60] cool - fresco [93]
7 - siete [27] adjective - adjetivo [20] bottom - fondo [25] copper - cobre [26]
8 - ocho [33] adult - adulto [43] box - caja [37] corn - maíz [24]
9 - nueve [38] afternoon - tarde [53] boy - chico [50] corner - esquina [79]
10 - diez [41] air - aire [53] brain - cerebro [70] count - contar [7]
11 - once [29] airport - aeropuerto [54] bread - pan [51] country - país [77]
12 - doce [43] alive - vivo [30] break - romper(se) [90] course - carrera [58]
13 - trece [46] animal - animal [37] breakfast - desayuno [42] court - tribunal [28]
14 - catorce [77] apartment bridge - puente [71] cow - vaca [73]
15 - quince [29] - apartamento [85] brother - hermano [58] crowd - multitud [87]
16 - dieciséis [53] apple - manzana [78] brown - marrón [92] cry - llorar [13]
17 - diecisiete [50] April - abril [50] build - construir [57] cup - taza [42]
18 - dieciocho [48] arm - brazo [90] building - edificio [46] curved - curvado [22]
19 - diecinueve [81] army - ejército [81] burn - quemar [81] cut - cortar [83]
20 - veinte [8] art - arte [47] bus - autobús [62]
21 - veintiuno [60] artist - artista [26] buy - comprar [17] dance - bailar [87]
22 - veintidós [36] attack - ataque [81] dark - oscuro [14]
30 - treinta [26] August - agosto [44] cake - tarta [50] date - fecha [34]
31 - treinta y uno [34] author - autor [66] call - llamar [55] daughter - hija [84]
32 - treinta y dos [93] camera - cámara [25] day - día [27]
40 - cuarenta [38] baby - bebé [13] camp - campamento [84] dead - muerto [19]
41 - cuarenta y uno [81] back (body) - espalda [6] car - coche [71] deaf - sordo [13]
42 - cuarenta y dos [90] back(direction) - detrás [54] card - tarjeta [62] death - muerte [46]
50 - cincuenta [64] bad - malo [60] carry - llevar [21] December - diciembre [34]
51 - cincuenta y uno [68] bag - bolsa [52] cat - gato [31] deep - profundo [77]
52 - cincuenta y dos [66] ball - balón [36] catch - agarrar [40] diamond - diamante [35]
60 - sesenta [58] banana - plátano [51] ceiling - techo [53] die - morir(se) [89]
61 - sesenta y uno [79] band - banda [87] cell phone - móvil [55] dig - cavar [24]
62 - sesenta y dos [62] bank - banco [32] centimeter - centímetro [26] dinner - cena [33]
70 - setenta [19] bar - bar [60] chair - silla [33] direction - dirección [69]
71 - setenta y uno [89] bathroom - baño [39] cheap - barato [27] dirty - sucio [24]
72 - setenta y dos [72] beach - playa [23] cheese - queso [73] disease - enfermedad [30]
80 - ochenta [18] beard - barba [75] chicken - pollo [33] doctor - médico [30]
81 - ochenta y uno [57] beat/hit - golpear [75] child - niño [64] dog - perro [7]
82 - ochenta y dos [69] beautiful - bonito [26] church - iglesia [79] dollar - dólar [28]
90 - noventa [55] bed - cama [27] circle - círculo [22] door - puerta [85]
91 - noventa y uno [71] bedroom - dormitorio [53] city - ciudad [69] dot - punto [5]
92 - noventa y dos [77] beef - carne de vacuno [51] clay - arcilla [26] down - abajo [25]
100 - cien [64] beer - cerveza [60] clean - limpiar [72] draw - dibujar [47]
101 - ciento uno [7] bend - doblar [91] clean - limpio [86] dream - sueño [65]
102 - ciento dos [44] beverage - bebida [93] clock - reloj [38] dress - vestido [35]
110 - ciento diez [92] bike - bicicleta [17] close - cerrar [82] drink - beber [93]
111 - ciento once [85] bill - cuenta [72] clothing - ropa [18] drive - conducir [71]
1000 - mil [66] billion - mil millones [28] club - club [67] drug - droga [43]
1001 - mil uno [14] bird - pájaro [45] coat - abrigo [72] dry - seco [44]
10000 - diez mil [75] black - negro [75] coffee - café [38] dust - polvo [92]
100000 - cienmil [87] blind - ciego [31] cold - frío [16]
100
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ear - oreja [12] grandmother - abuela [86] knee - rodilla [80] mother - madre [69]
earth - Tierra [5] grass - hierba [84] knife - cuchillo [88] mountain - montaña [19]
east - este [69] gray - gris [16] mouse - ratón [31]
eat - comer [24] green - verde [48] lake - lago [56] mouth - boca [91]
edge - borde [77] ground - suelo [21] lamp - lámpara [26] movie - película [49]
egg - huevo [42] grow - cultivar [83] laptop - portátil [82] murder - asesinato [63]
election - elección [59] gun - pistola [63] large/big - grande [49] music - música [67]
energy - energía [70] laugh - reír [55]
engine - motor [71] hair - pelo [75] lawyer - abogado [28] narrow - estrecho [33]
evening - tarde [29] half - mitad [64] leaf - hoja [34] nature - naturaleza [45]
exercise - ejercicio [11] hand - mano [49] learn - aprender [41] neck - cuello [10]
expensive - caro [72] hang - colgar [47] left - izquierdo [52] needle - aguja [30]
explode - explotar [74] happy - feliz [32] leg - pata [24] neighbor - vecino [57]
eye - ojo [39] hard - duro [19] lemon - limón [50] network - red [55]
hat - sombrero [80] letter - carta [32] new - nuevo [11]
face - cara [75] he - él [88] library - biblioteca [62] newspaper - periódico [81]
fall - caer [19] head - cabeza [65] lie down - acostar(se) [53] nice - agradable [62]
fall - otoño [84] healthy - sano [11] lift - levantar [52] night - noche [14]
family - familia [25] hear - oír [74] light (heavy) - ligero [92] no - no [77]
famous - famoso [87] heart - corazón [30] light (noun) - luz [38] north - norte [16]
fan(appliance) heat - calor [70] light(color) - claro [63] nose - nariz [38]
- ventilador [53] heaven - cielo [23] lip - labio [76] note - nota [64]
fan(sports) - hincha [36] heavy - pesado [37] listen - escuchar [67] noun - sustantivo [15]
farm - granja [73] hell - infierno [88] live - vivir [85] November - noviembre [59]
fast - rápido [58] high - alto [58] location - lugar [68] nuclear - nuclear [70]
father - padre [93] hill - cerro [58] lock - cerradura [29] number - número [22]
February - febrero [16] hole - agujero [48] long - largo [18]
feed - alimentar [73] home - casa [29] loose - suelto [18] ocean - océano [77]
female - femenino [65] horse - caballo [37] lose - perder [48] October - octubre [36]
fight - luchar [61] hospital - hospital [90] loud - ruidoso [13] office - oficina [62]
find - encontrar [77] hot - caliente [44] love - amar [14] oil - aceite [78]
finger - dedo [41] hotel - hotel [27] low - bajo [73] old (young) - viejo [86]
fire - fuego [88] hour - hora [72] lunch - comida [51] old(new) - viejo [19]
fish - pez [40] house - casa [57] open - abrir [91]
flat - liso [40] human - ser humano [61] magazine - revista [70] orange - naranja [42]
floor - piso [46] husband - marido [75] male - masculino [49] orange - naranja [57]
flower - flor [83] man - hombre [32] outside - fuera [62]
fly - volar [68] I - yo [42] manager - gerente [32]
follow - seguir [31] ice - hielo [8] map - mapa [77] page - página [66]
food - comida [51] image - imagen [47] March - marzo [8] pain - dolor [6]
foot - pie [12] inch - pulgada [93] market - mercado [51] paint - pintura [57]
foot - pie [36] injury - herida [90] marriage - matrimonio pants - pantalones [18]
forest - bosque [34] inside - dentro [54] [10] paper - papel [32]
fork - tenedor [50] instrument marry - casar(se) [79] parent - padres [13]
Friday - viernes [6] - instrumento [67] material - material [82] park - parque [7]
friend - amigo [55] island - isla [23] May - mayo [34] pass by - pasar [46]
front - frente [39] it - esto [17] mean - tacaño [88] patient - paciente [90]
medicine - medicina [30] pattern - patrón [92]
game - juego [48] January - enero [11] melt - derretir(se) [8] pay - pagar [43]
garden - jardín [39] job - trabajo [32] metal - metal [81] peace - paz [80]
gasoline - gasolina [71] juice - zumo [42] meter - metro [57] pen - bolígrafo [47]
gift - regalo [17] July - julio [74] milk - leche [73] pencil - lápiz [64]
girl - chica [65] jump - saltar [7] million - millón [19] person - persona [87]
glass - cristal [25] June - junio [23] minute - minuto [55] photograph - fotografía [25]
go - ir [34] key - llave [85] mix/stir - mezclar [73] piece - trozo [50]
God - Dios [80] kill - matar [88] Monday - lunes [69] pig - cerdo [24]
gold - oro [65] kilogram - kilogramo [40] money - dinero [17] pink - rosa [83]
good - bueno [42] king - rey [14] month - mes [43] plane - avión [54]
grandfather - abuelo [80] kiss - besar [10] moon - luna [5] plant - planta [24]
kitchen - cocina [42] morning - mañana [38] plastic - plástico [27]
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plate - plato [50] she - ella [53] tall - alto [26] water - agua [56]
play - jugar [48] ship - buque [81] taste - probar [78] wave - ola [77]
player - jugador [36] shirt - camisa [63] tea - té [89] we - nosotros [74]
pocket - bolsillo [18] shoes - zapatos [34] teach - enseñar [64] weak - débil [80]
poison - veneno [89] shoot - disparar [63] teacher - maestro [64] wear - llevar (puesto) [12]
police - policía [63] short - bajo [12] team - equipo [36] wedding - boda [35]
pool - piscina [44] short (vs long) - corto [75] tear (drop) - lágrima [13] Wednesday - miércoles [51]
poor - pobre [69] shoulder - hombro [52] technology week - semana [66]
pork - carne de cerdo [78] sick - enfermo [86] - tecnología [41] weight - peso [21]
pound - libra [92] side - lado [52] telephone - teléfono [13] west - oeste [68]
pray - rezar [80] sign - firmar [28] television - televisión [93] wet - húmedo [16]
president - presidente [59] sign - señal [18] temperature white - blanco [5]
price - precio [18] silver - plata [82] - temperatura [44] wide - ancho [93]
priest - sacerdote [79] sing - cantar [45] theater - teatro [14] wife - mujer [35]
prison - cárcel [43] sister - hermana [56] they - ellos [85] win - ganar [59]
program(computer) sit - sentar(se) [25] thick - gordo [45] wind - viento [34]
- programa [41] skin - piel [61] thin - delgado [34] window - ventana [39]
pull - tirar [37] skirt - falda [12] think - pensar [70] wine - vino [33]
push - empujar [30] sky - cielo [5] throw - tirar [35] wing - ala [45]
sleep - dormir [29] Thursday - jueves [36] winter - invierno [16]
queen - reina [65] slow - lento [67] ticket - billete [54] woman - mujer [12]
quiet - silencioso [28] small/little - pequeño [35] tight - estrecho [12] wood - madera [45]
smell - oler [38] time - tiempo [53] work - trabajar [69]
race (ethnicity) - raza [61] smile - sonreír [65] tire - rueda [21] world - mundo [77]
radio - radio [87] snow - nieve [34] toe - dedo del pie [84] write - escribir [66]
rain - lluvia [16] soap - jabón [86] tongue - lengua [91]
red - rojo [74] soft - suave [84] tool - herramienta [26] yard - patio [48]
religion - religión [88] soil - tiera [24] tooth - diente [76] year - año [19]
reporter - periodista [81] soldier - soldado [92] top - cima [87] yellow - amarillo [45]
restaurant - restaurante [33] son - hijo [88] touch - tocar [10] yes - sí [32]
rice - arroz [35] song - canción [87] town - ciudad [16] you (singular) - tú [41]
rich - rico [65] sound - sonido [76] train - tren [69] you(plural) - vosotros [33]
right - derecho [71] soup - sopa [33] train station young - joven [7]
ring - anillo [12] south - sur [68] - estación de tren [43]
river - río [8] space - espacio exterior [68] transportation
roof - tejado [86] speak - hablar [76] - transporte [71]
room - habitación [90] spoon - cuchara [33] tree - árbol [45]
root - raíz [45] sport - deporte [11] truck - camión [21]
run - correr [58] spring - primavera [8] Tuesday - martes [59]
square - cuadrado [57] turn - girar [71]
sad - triste [61] stain - mancha [72]
salt - sal [78] stand - poner(se) de pie [6] ugly - feo [40]
sand - arena [23] star - estrella [5] university
Saturday - sábado [60] stone - piedra [19] - universidad [60]
school - escuela [64] stop - detener(se) [71] up - arriba [5]
science - ciencia [70] store/shop - tienda [18]
screen - pantalla [93] straight - derecho [54] valley - valle [73]
sea - mar [25] street - calle [79] verb - verbo [9]
see - ver [39] strong - fuerte [37] victim - víctima [89]
season - estación [84] student - estudiante [60] voice - voz [28]
second - segundo [58] sugar - azúcar [50] vowel - vocal [91]
secretary - secretaria [62] suit - traje [80]
seed - semilla [83] summer - verano [44] waiter - camarero [6]
sell - vender [18] sun - sol [38] wake - despertar(se) [84]
September - septiembre [84] Sunday - domingo [35] walk - andar [16]
sex (gender) - sexo [65] swim - nadar [56] wall - pared [47]
sex (the act) - sexo [10] sweat - sudor [44] war - guerra [81]
shake - sacudir [34] warm - cálido [23]
shallow T-shirt - camiseta [92] wash - lavar [86]
- poco profundo [8] table - mesa [33] watch - mirar [93]
102
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Index 3:
Your First 625 (in Alphabetical Order, Spanish – English)
abajo - down [25] bajo - low [73] carne de vacuno - beef [51] consonante
abogado - lawyer [28] bajo - short [12] caro - expensive [72] - consonant [76]
abrigo - coat [72] balón - ball [36] carrera - course [58] construir - to build [57]
abril - April [50] banco - bank [32] carta - letter [32] contar - to count [7]
abrir - to open [91] banda - band [87] casa - home [29] contrato - contract [28]
abuela - grandmother [86] baño - bathroom [39] casa - house [57] corazón - heart [30]
abuelo - grandfather [80] bar - bar [60] casar (se) - to marry [79] correr - to run [58]
aceite - oil [78] barato - cheap [27] catorce - 14 [77] cortar - to cut [83]
acostar (se) barba - beard [75] cavar - to dig [24] corto - short (vs long) [75]
- to lie down [53] barco - boat [25] cena - dinner [33] cristal - glass [25]
actor - actor [49] bebé - baby [13] centímetro cuadrado - square [57]
adjetivo - adjective [20] beber - to drink [93] - centimeter [26] cuarenta - 40 [38]
adulto - adult [43] bebida - beverage [93] cerdo - pig [24] cuarenta y dos - 42 [90]
aeropuerto - airport [54] besar - to kiss [10] cerebro - brain [70] cuarenta y uno - 41 [81]
agarrar - to catch [40] biblioteca - library [62] cero - 0 [22] cuarto - 4th [74]
agosto - August [44] bicicleta - bike [17] cerradura - lock [29] cuatro - 4 [24]
agradable - nice [62] billete - ticket [54] cerrar - to close [82] cuchara - spoon [33]
agua - water [56] blanco - white [5] cerro - hill [58] cuchillo - knife [88]
aguja - needle [30] boca - mouth [91] cerveza - beer [60] cuello - neck [10]
agujero - hole [48] boda - wedding [35] chica - girl [65] cuenta - bill [72]
aire - air [53] bolígrafo - pen [47] chico - boy [50] cuerpo - body [10]
ala - wing [45] bolsa - bag [52] ciego - blind [31] cultivar - to grow [83]
alimentar - to feed [73] bolsillo - pocket [18] cielo - heaven [23] curvado - curved [22]
alto - high [58] bonito - beautiful [26] cielo - sky [5]
alto - tall [26] borde - edge [77] cien - 100 [64] débil - weak [80]
amar - to love [14] bosque - forest [34] cien mil - 100000 [87] dedo - finger [41]
amarillo - yellow [45] botella - bottle [60] ciencia - science [70] dedo del pie - toe [84]
amigo - friend [55] brazo - arm [90] ciento diez - 110 [92] delgado - thin [34]
ancho - wide [93] bueno - good [42] ciento dos - 102 [44] dentro - inside [54]
andar - to walk [16] buque - ship [81] ciento once - 111 [85] deporte - sport [11]
anillo - ring [12] ciento uno - 101 [7] derecho - right [71]
animal - animal [37] caballo - horse [37] cima - top [87] derecha - straight [54]
año - year [19] cabeza - head [65] cinco - 5 [12] derretir(se) - to melt [8]
apartamento caer - to fall [19] cincuenta - 50 [64] desayuno - breakfast [42]
- apartment [85] café - coffee [38] cincuenta y dos - 52 [66] despertar (se)
aprender - to learn [41] caja - box [37] cincuenta y uno - 51 [68] - to wake [84]
árbol - tree [45] cálido - warm [23] círculo - circle [22] detener(se) - to stop [71]
arcilla - clay [26] caliente - hot [44] ciudad - city [69] detrás
arena - sand [23] calle - street [79] ciudad - town [16] - back (direction) [54]
arriba - up [5] calor - heat [70] claro - light(color) [63] día - day [27]
arroz - rice [35] cama - bed [27] club - club [67] diamante - diamond [35]
arte - art [47] cámara - camera [25] cobre - copper [26] dibujar - to draw [47]
artista - artist [26] camarero - waiter [6] coche - car [71] diciembre
asesinato - murder [63] camión - truck [21] cocina - kitchen [42] - December [34]
ataque - attack [81] camisa - shirt [63] cocinar - to cook [42] diecinueve - 19 [81]
autobús - bus [62] camiseta - T-shirt [92] colgar - to hang [47] dieciocho - 18 [48]
autor - author [66] campamento - camp [84] color - color [61] dieciséis - 16 [53]
avión - plane [54] canción - song [87] comer - to eat [24] diecisiete - 17 [50]
azúcar - sugar [50] cantar - to sing [45] comida - food [51] diente - tooth [76]
azul - blue [63] cara - face [75] comida - lunch [51] diez - 10 [41]
cárcel - prison [43] comprar - to buy [17] diez mil - 10000 [75]
bailar - to dance [87] carne de cerdo - pork [78] conducir - to drive [71] dinero - money [17]
103
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Dios - God [80] fotografía - photograph [25] junio - June [23] mercado - market [51]
dirección - direction [69] frente - front [39] mes - month [43]
disparar - to shoot [63] fresco - cool [93] kilogramo mesa - table [33]
doblar - to bend [91] frío - cold [16] - kilogram [40] metal - metal [81]
doce - 12 [43] fuego - fire [88] metro - meter [57]
dólar - dollar [28] fuera - outside [62] labio - lip [76] mezclar - to mix [73]
dolor - pain [6] fuerte - strong [37] lado - side [52] miércoles - Wednesday
domingo - Sunday [35] lago - lake [56] [51]
dormir - to sleep [29] ganar - to win [59] lágrima - tear (drop) [13] mil - 1000 [66]
dormitorio gasolina - gasoline [71] lámpara - lamp [26] mil millones - billion [28]
- bedroom [53] gato - cat [31] lápiz - pencil [64] mil uno - 1001 [14]
dos - 2 [36] gerente - manager [32] largo - long [18] millón - million [19]
droga - drug [43] girar - to turn [71] lavar - to wash [86] minuto - minute [55]
duro - hard [19] golpear - to beat/hit [37] leche - milk [73] mirar - to watch [93]
gordo - thick [45] lengua - tongue [91] mitad - half [64]
edificio - building [46] grande - large/big [49] lento - slow [67] montaña - mountain [19]
ejercicio - exercise [11] granja - farm [73] levantar - to lift [52] morir(se) - to die [89]
ejército - army [81] gris - gray [16] libra - pound [92] motor - engine [71]
él - he [88] guerra - war [81] libro - book [66] móvil - cell phone [55]
elección - election [59] ligero - light (heavy) [92] muerte - death [46]
ella - she [53] habitación - room [90] limón - lemon [50] muerto - dead [19]
ellos - they [85] hablar - to speak/say [76] limpiar - to clean [72] mujer - wife [35]
empujar - to push [30] herida - injury [90] limpio - clean [86] mujer - woman [12]
encontrar - to find [77] hermana - sister [56] liso - flat [40] multitud - crowd [87]
energía - energy [70] hermano - brother [58] llamar - to call [55] mundo - world [77]
enero - January [11] herramienta - tool [26] llave - key [85] música - music [67]
enfermedad - disease [30] hielo - ice [8] llevar - to carry [21]
enfermo - sick [86] hierba - grass [84] llevar (puesto) nadar - to swim [56]
enseñar - to teach [64] hija - daughter [84] - to wear [12] naranja - orange [42]
equipo - team [36] hijo - son [88] llorar - to cry [13] naranja - orange [57]
escribir - to write [66] hincha - fan(sports) [36] lluvia - rain [16] nariz - nose [38]
escuchar - to listen [67] hoja - leaf [34] luchar - to fight [61] naturaleza - nature [45]
escuela - school [64] hombre - man [32] lugar - location [68] negro - black [75]
espacio exterior - (outer) hombro - shoulder [52] luna - moon [5] nieve - snow [34]
space [68] hora - hour [72] lunes - Monday [69] niño - child [64]
espalda - back (body) [6] hospital - hospital [90] luz - light (noun) [38] no - no [77]
esquina - corner [79] hotel - hotel [27] noche - night [14]
estación - season [84] hueso - bone [90] madera - wood [45] norte - north [16]
estación de tren huevo - egg [42] madre - mother [69] nosotros - we [74]
- train station [43] húmedo - wet [16] maestro - teacher [64] nota - note [64]
este - east [69] maíz - corn [24] noventa - 90 [55]
esto - it [17] iglesia - church [79] malo - bad [60] noventa y dos - 92 [77]
estrecho - narrow [33] imagen - image [47] mañana - morning [38] noventa y uno - 91 [71]
estrecho - tight [12] infierno - hell [88] mancha - stain [72] noviembre
estrella - star [5] instrumento mano - hand [49] - November [59]
estudiante - student [60] - instrument [67] manzana - apple [78] nuclear - nuclear [70]
explotar - explode [74] invierno - winter [16] mapa - map [77] nueve - 9 [38]
ir - to go [34] mar - sea [25] nuevo - new [11]
falda - skirt [12] isla - island [23] marido - husband [75] número - number [22]
familia - family [25] izquierdo - left [52] marrón - brown [92]
famoso - famous [87] martes - Tuesday [59] océano - ocean [77]
febrero - February [16] jabón - soap [86] marzo - March [8] ochenta - 80 [18]
fecha - date [34] jardín - garden [39] masculino - male [49] ochenta y dos - 82 [69]
feliz - happy [32] joven - young [7] matar - to kill [88] ochenta y uno - 81 [57]
femenino - female [65] juego - game [48] material - material [82] ocho - 8 [33]
feo - ugly [40] jueves - Thursday [36] matrimonio - marriage [10] octubre - October [36]
firmar - to sign [28] jugador - player [36] mayo - May [83] oeste - west [68]
flor - flower [83] jugar - to play [48] medicina - medicine [30] oficina - office [62]
fondo - bottom [25] julio - July [74] médico - doctor [30] oír - to hear [74]
104
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ojo - eye [39] poner (se) de pie seis - 6 [40] tirar - to throw [35]
ola - wave [77] - to stand [6] semana - week [66] tocar - to touch [10]
oler - to smell [38] portátil - laptop [82] semilla - seed [83] trabajar - to work [69]
once - 11 [29] precio - price [18] señal - sign [18] trabajo - job [32]
ordenador - computer [41] presidente - president [59] sentar(se) - to sit [25] traje - suit [80]
oreja - ear [12] primavera - spring [8] septiembre - September transporte
oro - gold [65] primero - 1st [11] [84] - transportation [71]
oscuro - dark [14] probar - to taste [78] ser humano - human [61] trece - 13 [46]
otoño - fall [84] profundo - deep [77] sesenta - 60 [58] treinta - 30 [26]
programa sesenta y dos - 62 [62] treinta y dos - 32 [93]
paciente - patient [90] - program(computer) [41] sesenta y uno - 61 [79] treinta y uno - 31 [34]
padre - father [93] pueblo - town [16] sexo - sex (the act) [10] tren - train [69]
padres - parent [13] puente - bridge [71] setenta - 70 [19] tres - 3 [31]
pagar - to pay [43] puerta - door [85] setenta y dos - 72 [72] tribunal - court [28]
página - page [66] pulgada - inch [93] setenta y uno - 71 [89] triste - sad [61]
país - country [77] punto - dot [5] sexo - sex (gender) [65] trozo - piece [50]
pájaro - bird [45] sí - yes [32] tú - you (singular) [41]
pan - bread [51] quemar - to burn [81] siete - 7 [27]
pantalla - screen [93] queso - cheese [73] silencioso - quiet [28] universidad
pantalones - pants [18] quince - 15 [29] silla - chair [33] - university [60]
papel - paper [32] quinto - 5th [83] sol - sun [38] uno - 1 [5]
pared - wall [47] soldado - soldier [92]
parque - park [7] radio - radio [87] sombrero - hat [80] vaca - cow [73]
pasar - to pass by [46] raíz - root [45] sonido - sound [76] valle - valley [73]
pata - leg [24] rápido - fast [58] sonreír - to smile [65] vecino - neighbor [57]
patio - yard [48] ratón - mouse [31] sopa - soup [33] veinte - 20 [8]
patrón - pattern [92] raza - race (ethnicity) [61] sordo - deaf [13] veintidós - 22 [36]
paz - peace [80] red - network [55] suave - soft [84] veintiuno - 21 [60]
película - movie [49] regalo - gift [17] sucio - dirty [24] vender - to sell [18]
pelo - hair [75] reina - queen [65] sudor - sweat [44] veneno - poison [89]
pensar - to think [70] reír - to laugh [55] suelo - ground [21] ventana - window [39]
pequeño - small/little [35] religión - religion [88] suelto - loose [18] ventilador
perder - to lose [48] reloj - clock [38] sueño - dream [65] - fan(appliance) [53]
periódico - newspaper [81] restaurante - restaurant [33] sur - south [68] ver - to see [39]
periodista - reporter [81] revista - magazine [70] sustantivo - noun [15] verano - summer [44]
perro - dog [7] rey - king [14] verbo - verb [9]
persona - person [87] rezar - to pray [80] tacaño - mean [88] verde - green [48]
pesado - heavy [37] rico - rich [65] tarde - afternoon [53] vestido - dress [35]
peso - weight [21] río - river [8] tarde - evening [29] víctima - victim [89]
pez - fish [40] rodilla - knee [80] tarjeta - card [62] viejo - old (young) [86]
pie - foot [12] rojo - red [74] tarta - cake [50] viejo - old(new) [19]
pie - foot [36] romper(se) - to break [90] taza - cup [42] viento - wind [34]
piedra - stone [19] ropa - clothing [18] té - tea [89] viernes - Friday [6]
piel - skin [61] rosa - pink [83] teatro - theater [14] vino - wine [33]
pintura - paint [57] rueda - tire [21] techo - ceiling [53] vivir - to live [85]
piscina - pool [44] ruidoso - loud [13] tecnología - technology vivo - alive [30]
piso - floor [46] [41] vocal - vowel [91]
pistola - gun [63] sábado - Saturday [60] tejado - roof [86] volar - to fly [68]
planta - plant [24] sacerdote - priest [79] teléfono - telephone [13] vosotros - you(plural) [33]
plástico - plastic [27] sacudir - to shake [34] televisión - television [93] voz - voice [28]
plata - silver [82] sal - salt [78] temperatura - temperature
plátano - banana [51] saltar - to jump [7] [44] yo - I [42]
plato - plate [50] sangre - blood [72] tenedor - fork [50]
playa - beach [23] sano - healthy [11] tercero - 3rd [59] zapatos - shoes [34]
pobre - poor [69] seco - dry [44] tiempo - time [53] zumo - juice [42]
poco profundo - shallow [8] secretaria - secretary [62] tienda - store/shop [18]
policía - police [63] seguir - to follow [31] Tierra - earth [5]
pollo - chicken [33] segundo - 2nd [16] tierra - soil [24]
polvo - dust [92] segundo - second [58] tirar - to pull [37]
105

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Copyright © 2014 by Gabriel Wyner

Cover design: Sandra Salsbury

Your first 625 words

And they took longer to finish every similar-

So What Are Our Options, Then?

Tierra – cielo – arriba – luna – uno

©2014 Michele Czajkowski

Spanish Part of Pronunciation English

Tierra f. noun ˈtje.ra earth

cielo m. noun ˈθje.lo sky

arriba adverb aˈri.βa up 1

luna f. noun ˈlu.na moon

uno card. number ˈu.no one 2

blanco (/-a) adjective ˈblaŋ.ko white 3

punto m. noun ˈpun.to dot

estrella f. noun esˈtɾe.ʎa star

1 [arriba] – “Arriba” can be used to indicate either location or direction.

viernes – camarero – poner(se) de pie

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

Part of Speech Pronunciation English

1 [camarero] – The word for “waitress” is “la camarera.”

contar – ciento uno – joven – perro

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

Part of Speech Pronunciation English

primavera – marzo – veinte – poco profundo

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

1 [marzo] – You don’t use definite articles for months.

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

besar – cuello – tocar – cuerpo

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

enero – primero – nuevo – deporte

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

cinco – pie – bajo – mujer – llevar (puesto)

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

sordo – padres – ruidoso – teléfono

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

oscuro – teatro – rey – amar

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

invierno – segundo – febrero – andar – frío – norte

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

comprar – regalo – bicicleta

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

ropa – tienda – señal – vender – largo – suelto

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

Part of Speech Pronunciation English

ropa f. noun ˈro.pa clothing

ochenta card. number oˈʧen.ta 80

setenta – millón – año – viejo – duro

©2014 Katie Tiedrich

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

cero – curvado – círculo

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

junio – cálido – playa – arena

©2014 Michelle Czajkowski

1 [junio] – You don’t use definite articles for months.

cerdo – cuatro – pata – sucio

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

familia – sentar(se) – abajo – cristal

©2014 Sandra Salsbury

Part of Speech Pronunciation English

artista – cobre – herramienta – bonito