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1: Basic Concepts
Ductility: is a material that can be stretched thin when tensile stress is applied. It
is the way to describe a physical property of any material. Think of compressive
force as the act of squeezing or pushing down on a material to change its shape.
Elasticity: is the ability of an object or material to resume its normal shape after
being stretched or compressed. Or in other words, it's the stretchiness of a material
or object.
Toughness: a measure of the energy absorbed before and during the fracture
process; it is equal to the area under the tensile. Toughness requires strength as
well as ductility, which allows a material to deform before fracturing
Conductivity: is a measure of how easily electric current can flow through a given
material. That is, for a given Electric Field in a material, a higher conductivity
material will produce more current flow than a low conductivity material.
References
Callister, W. D. (2007). Materials science and engineering: an introduction.
New York: John Wiley & Sons.
http://physics.about.com/od/fluidmechanics/f/density.htm
http://www.engineersedge.com/material_science/malleability.htm
https://global.britannica.com/science/elasticity-physics
http://www.lehigh.edu/~amb4/wbi/kwardlow.htm
http://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/lessonplans/chapter3/lesson1
http://study.com/academy/lesson/ductility-definition-examples-quiz.html
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/Malleability,-Brittlenes-and-Ductility-
d_1851.html