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Heat exchanger
Definition
Equipment that purpose to transfer a heat from one media to the others
with/without contacting surface.
Function
Change the temperaturs (heating/cooling)
Change the phase of fluids
Influencing parameters
Fluid’s properties; viscosity, Themal conductibvity, specific heat capacity, etc
Fluid’s velocity
Temperature different
Properties of heat exchanger media
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Classification: Transfer process
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Classification: Transfer process
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Classification: Transfer process
Direct contact
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Classification: Construction
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Classification: Construction
Double pipe • Small capacity
• Temp. Range -100 to 600 C
• Shell design pressure up to
600 Bar
• Tube design pressure up to
1000 Bar
• Shell dia. Up to 600 DN / 24 In
• No material limitations
• Counter current flow
• Easy maintenance
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Classification: Construction
Double pipe
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Classification: Construction
Double pipe
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Classification: Construction
Air cooled heat exchanger (ACHE)
• Often applied type HE
• Temp. Range to over 400 C
• Pressure range to over 200 Bar
• Bundle width to approx. 3 m
• Tube length up to 18 m
• Material limitations
• Counter current flow
• Easy maintenance
• Operate in ambient temp.
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Classification: Construction
Air cooled heat exchanger (ACHE)
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Classification: Construction
Air cooled heat exchanger (ACHE)
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Classification: Construction
Shell & Tube
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Classification: Construction
Shell & Tube
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Classification: Construction
Plate & Frame heat exchanger
Type of heat exchanger that uses metal plates
to transfer heat between two fluids
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Classification: Construction
Plate & Frame heat exchanger
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Classification: Construction
Plate & Frame heat exchanger
Advantages:
• High heat transfer-turbulence on both sides of the
plate
• High thermal effectiveness
• Low delta T is possible
• Compactness compare to Shell & Tube HE
• Easy maintenance
• Flexible to add or reduce plates
Dis-Advantages:
• Maximum pressure, temperature, and capacity are
limited by gasket material
• Possible blockge by accumulation of solids, debris, or
suspended material
• High risk to leakage
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Classification: Construction
Spiral plate heat exchanger
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Classification: Construction
Plate & Frame heat exchanger
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Classification: Construction
Spiral coil heat exchanger
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Classification: Construction
Spiral coil heat exchanger
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Classification: Construction
Spiral coil heat exchanger
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Classification: Construction
Brazed Aluminium heat exchanger
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Classification: Construction
Brazed Aluminium heat exchanger
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Classification: Construction
Brazed Aluminium heat exchanger
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Based on construction: Rotary HE
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Selection guide
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Selection guide (Cont.)
No. Types Application Limitations Relative
Cost
4 Kettle Boiling Fluid on Shell side Horizontal 1.2-1.4
such vaporizers Installations; Large
5 Double Pipe Rel for Small Transfer Area Large Number of 0.8-1.4
Service; For High Press in Piping-up
Tube
6 Pipe Coil Condensing or relatively Transfer 0.5-0.7
Low Heat Loads on Coefficient Low;
Sensible Transfer Large Space if Heat
Load is High
7 Plate and Viscous and Corrosive Not Well Suited for 0.8-1.5
Frame Fluids; Slurries; High Heat Boiling & Cond.;
Transfer Limit 350-500oF by
Gasket; Liquid-
Liquid only
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Selection guide
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The Factors Affecting Performances
Temperature difference
Density of fluids
Conductivity fluids
Viscosity and velocity of the fluid
Pressure within heat exchanger
Specific heat capacity
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The Factors Affecting Performances
Temperature difference
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The Factors Affecting Performances
Density of fluid
↑Density, ↑Conduction
↓Density, ↓Conduction
This is due to the distance between each molecule
is increased as its density is decreased.
Hence, the fluids should ideally be denser to
increase rate of heat transferred through
conduction
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The Factors Affecting Performances
Conductivity of fluid
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The Factors Affecting Performances
Viscosity and velocity
↑Viscosity, ↓Velocity
Type of flow is determined
↑Viscosity , ↓Velocity = Laminar flow
↓ Viscosity, ↑ Velocity=Turbulent flow
Hence, we should use liquids of less viscosity
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The Factors Affecting Performances
Pressure within heat exchanger
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The Factors Affecting Performances
Specific heat capacity
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The Factors Affecting Performances
Summary
Temperature
difference in
substances
Viscosity and
velocity of
fluid Specific heat
capacity
Rate of heat
transfer
Pressure Density of
within heat fluids
exchanger
Conductivity of
fluids
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Discussion
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Thank you