12/15/2014

TOPIC OUTLINE: ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Assembly Program Syntax

 rules by which the words in a program
 Assembly Commands are combined to form commands to a
 PIC 16F84A Instruction computer

Set

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Assembly Commands
Assembly Commands
 composed of the following columns:
 composed of the following columns:
b. Command
a. Label
- consists of mnemonic form of the
- used to equate to a value or indicate
instruction for the processor
a program destination address for
- only mnemonics specified in the
jumps
instruction set may be used
- human-readable alias for an address
Mnemonic
in memory
-human-readable representation of each
opcode

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Assembly Commands Literal Value Specifications
 composed of the following columns: TYPE SYNTAX EXAMPLE
c. Operand
- the operator's argument in an Binary B ‘binary_digits’ B ‘00001101’

assembly language instruction Octal O ‘octal_digits’ O ‘123’

- may be data or register contents to
Decimal D ‘digits’ D ‘255’
be used in the instruction
H ‘hex_digits’ H ‘9F’
Hexadecimal
0xhex_digits 0x9F

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ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE SINGLE REGISTER OPERATIONS

Assembly Commands
 composed of the following columns:
d. Comment
- always begins with a semicolon
- explanatory text on any line of code
that can help the programmer and
user to understand the program
- have no effect on the operation of
the program

REGISTER PAIR OPERATIONS PROGRAM EXECUTION

PROGRAM BIN1 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set
• MOVLW
- Write constant in W register
Syntax: [label] MOVLW k

Example:
MOVLW 0x5A

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ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• MOVWF • MOVF
- Copy W to F - Copy f to d
Syntax: [label] MOVWF f Syntax: [label] MOVF f , d
Example:
Example: MOVLW 55H
MOVLW 55H MOVWF 05H
MOVWF 05H MOVF 05H , 0
MOVWF PORTB

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• BCF • BSF
- Reset bit b in f - Set bit b in f
Syntax: [label] BCF f , b Syntax: [label] BSF f , b

Example: Example:
MOVLW 1FH MOVLW 10H
MOVWF PORTA MOVWF PORTB
BCF PORTA , 0 BSF PORTB , 4

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• GOTO • RETURN
- Jump to address - Return from a subprogram
Syntax: [label] GOTO k Syntax: [label] RETURN

Example: Example:
GOTO on RETURN
on MOVLW 0x0F
MOVWF PORTB

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ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
Instructions Set
• CALL Instructions Set
- Call a program • BTFSC
Syntax: [label] CALL k - Test bit b in f, skip if it is zero
Syntax: [label] BTFSC f , b
Example:
CALL on Example:
GOTO start BTFSC PORTA , 0
on MOVLW 0x0F GOTO off
MOVWF PORTB GOTO on
RETURN

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• BTFSS • INCF
- Test bit b in f, skip if it is one - Increment f
Syntax: [label] BTFSS f , b Syntax: [label] INCF f , d

Example: Example:
BTFSS PORTA , 0 MOVLW 00H
GOTO off MOVWF PORTB
GOTO on INCF PORTB , 1

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• DECF • INCFSZ
- Decrement f - Increment f, skip = 0
Syntax: [label] DECF f , d Syntax: [label] INCFSZ f , d
Example:
Example: start MOVLW 00H
MOVLW 1FH MOVWF PORTA
MOVWF PORTA inc INCFSZ PORTA , 1
DECF PORTA , 0 GOTO inc
GOTO start

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ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• DECFSZ • ADDLW
- Decrement f, skip = 0 - Add W to a constant
Syntax: [label] DECFSZ f , d Syntax: [label] ADDLW k
Example: Example:
start MOVLW 1FH MOVLW 25H
MOVWF PORTA ADDLW 34H
dec DECFSZ PORTA , 1
GOTO dec
GOTO start

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• ADDWF • SUBLW
- Add W to F - Subtract W from a constant
Syntax: [label] ADDWF f , d Syntax: [label] SUBLW k
Example: Example:
MOVLW 22H MOVLW 22H
MOVWF PORTA SUBLW 55H
MOVWF PORTB
ADDWF PORTA , 0
ADDWF PORTB , 1

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• SUBWF • ANDLW
- Subtract W from f - Logic AND W with constant
Syntax: [label] SUBWF f , d Syntax: [label] ANDLW k
Example: Example:
MOVLW 22H MOVLW 22H
MOVWF PORTA ANDLW 10H
SUBWF PORTA , 1

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ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• ANDWF • IORLW
- Logic AND W with f - Logic OR W with constant
Syntax: [label] ANDWF f , d Syntax: [label] IORLW k
Example: Example:
MOVLW 22H MOVLW 22H
MOVWF PORTA IORLW 1AH
MOVLW 10H
ANDWF PORTA , 1

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• IORWF • XORLW
- Logic OR W with f - Logic Exclusive OR W with constant
Syntax: [label] IORWF f , d Syntax: [label] XORLW k
Example: Example:
MOVLW 22H MOVLW B5H
MOVWF PORTB XORLW 1AH
MOVLW 13H
IORWF PORTB , 0

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• XORWF • RLF
- Logic Exclusive OR W with f - Rotate f to the left through CARRY
Syntax: [label] XORWF f , d Syntax: [label] RLF f , d
Example: Example:
MOVLW B5H MOVLW 1AH
MOVWF PORTB MOVWF PORTB
XORWF PORTB , 1 RLF PORTB , 1

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ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• RRF • COMF
- Rotate f to the right through CARRY - Complement f
Syntax: [label] RLF f , d Syntax: [label] COMF f , d
Example: Example:
MOVLW 1AH MOVLW 1AH
MOVWF PORTB MOVWF PORTB
RRF PORTB , 0 COMF PORTB , 0

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• CLRW • CLRF
- Write 0 in W - Write 0 in f
Syntax: [label] CLRW Syntax: [label] CLRF f
Example: Example:
MOVLW 1AH MOVLW 1AH
CLRW MOVWF PORTA
CLRF PORTA

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• SWAPF • RETLW
- Copy the nibbles from f to d crosswise - Return from a subprogram w/ constant
Syntax: [label] SWAPF f , d in W
Example: Syntax: [label] RETLW k
MOVLW 1AH Example:
MOVWF PORTA
SWAPF PORTA , 0 RETLW 0x23

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ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• RETFIE • NOP
- Return from interrupt routine - No operation
Syntax: [label] RETFIE Syntax: [label] NOP
Example: Example:
MOVLW 23H
RETFIE MOVWF PORTB
NOP
NOP

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

Instructions Set Instructions Set
• CLRWDT • SLEEP
- Initialize watchdog timer - Standby mode
Syntax: [label] CLRWDT Syntax: [label] SLEEP
Example: Example:
CLRWDT SLEEP

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

SEATWORK
1. Write a program to load a value 0AH,
and 1FH into PORTA and PORTB
respectively.
2. Write a program to get data from
PORTA and send it to the PORTB
continuously.
SEATWORK
3. Write a program to add the values
16H and CDH. Place the result in the
W register.
4. Write a program to get data from
PORTA. Add the value 05H to it and
send it to PORTB