Kurdistan Inception Report 12062008

Kurdistan Regional Government
Council of Ministers
Ministry of Water Resources
Preparation of Pre-feasibility studies for the

development of 22 small hydropower schemes
INCEPTION REPORT
June 2008
DI Hannes POSCH Inception Report
Innsbruck – Austria Kurdistan Regional Government
List of contents
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................3
2. FIELD MISSION TO THE SELECTED PROJECTS SITES .................................................................4
2.1. TEAM LEADER MR. WERNER JOHANNIDES ............................................................................................4
2.2. TEAM LEADER MR. HANNES POSCH ......................................................................................................5
3. GENERAL REVIEW ON WATER ISSUES IN THE KURDISTAN REGION ....................................6
4. RESULTS ON THE FIELD MISSIONS TO THE SELECTED PROJECT SITES..............................7
4.1. PROPOSED PROJECTSITES AT ERBIL GOVERNORATE ..............................................................................7
4.1.1. Map of the Erbil Governorate..........................................................................................................7
4.1.2. HPP Degala .....................................................................................................................................8
4.1.3. HPP Razgar Dewen .........................................................................................................................9
4.1.4. HPP Gwer........................................................................................................................................9
4.1.5. HPP Galy Bla ................................................................................................................................10
4.1.6. HPP Merga ....................................................................................................................................11
4.1.7. HPP Monau ...................................................................................................................................11
4.1.8. HPP Elinjagh .................................................................................................................................12
4.2. PROPOSED PROJECTSITES AT SULAIMANYA GOVERNATE ....................................................................13
4.2.1. Map of the Sulaimanya Governorate .............................................................................................13
4.2.2. HPP Ashibram ...............................................................................................................................14
4.2.3. HPP Sargat ....................................................................................................................................14
4.2.4. HPP Zadarl/Kargeel ......................................................................................................................15
4.2.5. HPP Zalan .....................................................................................................................................15
4.2.6. HPP Kutabain................................................................................................................................16
4.2.7. HPP Zalm/Ahmadawa....................................................................................................................16
4.2.8. HPP Chamy/Dewan .......................................................................................................................17
4.2.9. HPP Shahedan ...............................................................................................................................17
4.2.10. HPP Surqawshan...........................................................................................................................18
4.2.11. HPP Bardasur ...............................................................................................................................18
4.3. PROPOSED SITES AT THE DOHUK GOVERNATE ..................................................................................19
4.3.1. Map of the Dohuk Governorate .....................................................................................................19
4.3.2. HPP Gali Zanta .............................................................................................................................19
4.3.3. HPP Quasrok .................................................................................................................................20
4.3.4. HPP Bedul .....................................................................................................................................21
4.3.5. HPP Khanas...................................................................................................................................21
4.3.6. HPP Begova...................................................................................................................................22
5. ACITIVITIES TILL END OF JUNE 2008 ..............................................................................................23
6. LIST OF CONTENTS ON THE DRAFT FINAL REPORT .................................................................24
7. LISTS OF DOCUMENTS RECEIVED ...................................................................................................25
7.1. GENERAL DOCUMENTS ........................................................................................................................25
7.2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................25
7.3. RAINFALL ............................................................................................................................................25
7.4. DISCHARGE FLOW DATA .....................................................................................................................25
7.5. HYDROLOGICAL DATA ........................................................................................................................25
7.6. SPECIAL REPORTS................................................................................................................................26
2
1. Introduction
Following the Contract for Consulting Services signed on 17.04.2008 the Consultant
mobilised his expert team immediately to implement the first field mission in the time from
12th of May till 19th of May 2008.
The Ministry of Water resources had selected 22 project sites for assessment on the
possibilities to use the existing rivers for electricity production.
The selected project sites are located at the:
• ERBIL GOVERNORATE
• SULEYMANYA GOVERNORATE
• DOHUK GOVERNORATE
Two teams have been formed to reduce timing for the field mission. (See following chapter)
The purpose of the following Inception report is to give the Consultants first view on the
project selected and on the programming of activities till submission of the Draft Report on
“Prefeasibility Studies for the development of 22 small hydropower schemes”.
The client is invited to give his comments on the Inception Report if necessary as soon as
possible.
3
2. Field Mission to the selected projects sites

The following schedules have been agreed:
2.1. Team leader Mr. Werner Johannides

- 12th of May: Coordination meeting with representatives of MoWRs, discussions on
available and required documents
- Site visits by the following participants
Mr. Aras MoRWs
Mr. Muksen MoRWs
Mr. Mawlood Consultant
Mr. Humar Assistant Consultant
Mr. Johannides POSCH – CES / Austria
- Tuesday 13th and Wednesday 14th of May visits to the ERBIL Region
o Site locations
§ Jaly
§ Elinjagh
§ Gwer
§ Razgar Dwen
§ Galy Bla
§ Degala
§ Merga
§ Monau
- Thursday 15th , Saturday 17th and Sunday 18th of May visits to the SULAIMANYA
Region
o Site locations
§ ChamyDewana
§ Zalan /Ahmadana
§ Zalan
§ Kutabian
§ Zardahal / Khargeelan
§ Shahedan
§ Sargat
§ Ashibaram
§ Surqawshan
§ Bardasur
4
2.2. Team leader Mr. Hannes Posch

- 14th of May: internal coordination meeting
- 15th of May: Meeting with the Ministry of Water Resources, Assessment of works
done.
- 16th and 17th of May visits to the DOHUK Region by following participants
Mr. Aras MoRWs
Mr. Muksen MoRWs
Mr. Saeed Irrigation Directorate Duhok
Mr. Mawlood Consultant
Mr. Posch POSCH – CES / Austria
o Site locations
§ Quasrok
§ Galy Zanta
§ Khanas
§ Bedul
§ Begova
- Sunday 18th of May: Discussion within the Team and representatives of MoWRs.
Summary meeting
- Monday 19th of May: Data Collection, Programming of Activities till end of June,
Departure back to Austria
5
3. General review on water issues in the Kurdistan

Region
The complete Kurdistan Region is located within the semi-arid climate zone surrounded by
high mountains in the north-east on the border between Iran and Kurdistan.
Therefore strong river discharges are experienced in the late autumn through rainfalls and in
springtime by snow melts.
Therefore a continuous water flow an important precondition to install hydropower schemes
as a run of river type is not given. In most cases only a combination of irrigation systems and
low head hydropower schemes by constructing a dam will bring economic justification.
In the following report on assessments of the selected 22 project sites several location have
shown not any economic basis for hydropower generation and therefore it is proposed to
exclude those sites from extended investigations.
6
4. Results on the Field missions to the selected project

sites
4.1. Proposed Projectsites at Erbil Governorate
4.1.1. Map of the Erbil Governorate
7
4.1.2. HPP Degala

Degala – the name of the river, the village and the region, is located approx. 40 km east of
Erbil
The co-ordinates are LN 36° 10’ 40,4”
LE 44° 23’ 25,6”
Altitude 700m asl (bridge)
The river is a branch of the lower (smaller) Zab river and has its origin in Iran, whereby the
main water catchments area is in Kurdistan
The population in and around Degala has about 1000 inhabitants
The proposed site for a dam is a very narrow valley surrounded by limestone rocks, approx.
200m upstream from the bridge
The bottom at this place has a width of 5m and at a height of 15m (710m asl) the width comes
to about 50m. The height of the dam will be limited due to an existing road upstream of the
proposed damsite leading to other villages which can not be flooded.
500 – 700m downstream of the proposed dam site is a possible place for the powerhouse at an
altitude of 676m, gross head approx. 30 – 40m
the discharge during visit was approx. 10 liter/sec
The village is connected with a 10 kV line which is passing nearby the powerhouse
(max.1 km)
Access to site is possible by heavy machines.
The area is out of tectonic activities.
Detailed studies will be done during the next project phase to evaluate the possibility to install
an integrated project for energy production and irrigation purposes. However due to very low
water flow in dry season economies might not be given.
Possible dam site Upstream road
Existing bridge
8
4.1.3. HPP Razgar Dewen
Razgar Dewen is the name of the river and the village and is located approx. 40 km NE of
Erbil and belong to the district Shaqlawa
The co-ordinates are LN 36° 29’ 24,1”
LE 44° 12’ 20,7”
Altitude 595m asl
The water in this river originates from a few springs in the mountains and the waste water
from Shaqlawa which go underground and comes to surface at the location of the proposed
dam site.
During the visit was practically no water flow observed. The area is up- and downstream flat.
In a first assessment economic production of energy is not given.
Justification will be done in the pre-feasibility report.
Low waterflow at the riverbed Existing irrigation system
4.1.4. HPP Gwer
Gwer is the name of the region where the power plant should be constructed and is located
approx. 40 km SE of Erbil at the river upper (greater) Zab. The place could not be visited, due
to safety reasons. We have visited the village Khabat, approx. 30 km upstream Gwer which
has the same condition and crossection.
The co-ordination at this place are LN 36° 15’ 52,8”
LE 43° 38’ 41,7”
Altitude 261m asl
The width of the river at Gwer is approx. 150m wide and between 2,5 and 3m deep
In the further studies the possibility of the construction of the low head dam for irrigation
purposes will be studied. In such a case low head pulb turbines should be installed at the
bottom outflow for energy production.
9
Wide river bed Main road crossing the valley
4.1.5. HPP Galy Bla
The river Galy Bla is in the district Kalifan and a branch of the greater Zab river
The co-ordinates are N 36° 31’ 54,9”

E 44° 27’ 46,1”
Altitude 860m asl
The river has a reasonable water quantity even in summer time. The local population has
made an open channel system for irrigation.
In the village Galy Bla and surrounding approx. 500 people are settled.
The village is connected to the national grid by a 10 kV line.
The access road to the possible weir must be improved and to the powerhouse a new road has
to be constructed.
A channel for irrigation and to the powerhouse must be newly constructed.
A gross head of approx. 70m can be achieved.
Detailed assessment will be done during the next project phase. Especially the availability of
hydrological data will be critically.
Low waterflow during dry season Possible intake weir
10
4.1.6. HPP Merga
Merga is a village with approx. 300 people and is located in the Choman district.
The project site is on the river Balakian which has its origin in Kurdistan.

E 44° 50’ 36”
Altitude 1006m asl
The possibile place for a dam is a narrow gorge where a higher dam could be constructed.
The request from the local Authority is also to us this reservoir for irrigation.
The gorge has at the bottom a width of approx. 10m and is 30 m deep.
In the Choman district around 12.000 people are living.
26 micro hydro power plants are in this area in operation which provides the families with
permanent electricity supply.
Upstream of Merga is the village Khoshkan (not in the list) which could be used as substitute
for Monau (close to PKK base).

E 44° 57’ 0,3”
Altitude 1540m asl
More detailed investigations based on the rich documentation are necessary.
Relatively good waterflow Possible dam site
4.1.7. HPP Monau
Is the river name and a branch of greater Zab.
The site could not be visited personally. See comments on Merga
11
4.1.8. HPP Elinjagh
HPP Elijagh will be located on the river Koya which connects to the smaller Zab.
During the dry season there is actually no water in the river. The water is coming from the
city Koya (waste water) and from a few springs.
The population of Koya and surroundings comes to about 41.000 people.
Their drinking water is from some springs and from ground water wells.
The proposed location is approx. 3 km away from the village Elinjagh.
Based on the situation presented during the site visit there seems to be no economic
justification to study this site for further project development due to only seasonal water
discharges.
Minimum waterflow Existing river bed
12
4.2. Proposed Projectsites at Sulaimanya Governate

4.2.1. Map of the Sulaimanya Governorate
13
4.2.2. HPP Ashibram
Location: Sulaimani City/ Sharbazher district/ Chwarta sub-district/ Ashi baram village
N 35◦45.365'
E 45◦39.944'
Elevation of the river bed is 985m at the proposed dam site
Name of River: Sewail flows into smaller Zab. There are two sources of the river, one comes
from Iran . The other originates in Iraqi.
The River flows in a narrow Valley, the amount of water also in dry season is reasonable. The
slope of the river bed is very low. River banks are almost soft and rocky materials.
Families near the location are settled in 2 villages. The villages have no electrical network
connection and presently the water is used for drinking water and irrigation of small area. If
further investigated a small dam of about 35 m height is proposed and stored water will be
used for electricity production and irrigation purposes.
Riverbed with reasonable flow Dam site downstream
4.2.3. HPP Sargat

The existing small water resources are used for drinking water purposes. Only in winter and
spring time excess water might be available for hydropower production. However for
economic reason there is no justification to proceed with this project. Normally after the
existing village no water flow do exist in the riverbed.
Spring as the water resource Riverbed downstream the riverbed
14
4.2.4. HPP Zadarl/Kargeel
Location: Sulaimani City/ Halabja district/ Byara sub-district/ Zardahal village

N 35◦13.591'
E 46◦04.926'
Elevation on M.S.L 850m
Name of River: Chami Zardahal
Sources of the river: Four Springs (2 Iranian, 2 Iraqi)
Direction of the River: Chami Zardahal→ Byara → Zalm → Sirwan's River →
Darbandikhan's lake.
Property of the river: The River flows inside a narrow valley. The amount of water is not
enough for hydropower production. Most of the water is used to irrigate trees.
Notes: The number of people near the location is about 2400 living in 8 villages, over a
distance of about 8 km. The villages are connected to the national electrical network.
Due to the present situation it is not recommended to investigate on further development of
the project.
Small stream Irrigation of trees
4.2.5. HPP Zalan
Location: Sulaimani City/ Sharbazher district/ Chwarta sub-district/ Zalan village

Name of River: Joga Soor
Further investigation will be made for the construction of a dam at Zalan to store the
waterflow and to even out water discharge for irrigation and eventually for hydropower
production. Access to the proposed dam site is difficult and about 8 km from the main road.
15
Riverbed with acceptable slope Dam site
4.2.6. HPP Kutabain
Location: Sulaimani City/ Sharbazher district/ Chwarta sub-district/ Qutabyan village

Elevation on M.S.L 817
Name of River: Sewail and flows into the smaller Zab
The proposed dam site at Kutabain is about 25 km downstream of Ashibaram site located.
There are similar conditions and the layout as a cascade could justify an economic project
development for hydropower production and irrigation systems downstream of Kutaibain.
Detailed investigations in the following project phase will be done.
4.2.7. HPP Zalm/Ahmadawa
Location: Sulaimani City/ Halabja district/ Khurmal sub-district/ Zalm village

N 35◦19.0221'
E 46◦05.272'
Elevation on M.S.L 886m
Name of River: Zalm
Sources of the river: Two springs upstream of Zalm village
Flow of the River: Zalm→ Tanjaro → Sirwan's River → Darbandikhan's lake.
Property of the river: The River flows between two mountains, the amount of water is
through out the year reasonable and the slope of the bed is quite steep. River banks are almost
rocky materials with 5-10 m width of the river bed.
There are about 80 families living in 2 villages close to the location. There is a small
hydropower (20) KW constructed on the source of the Zalm's river. The Zalm's river feeds
downstream a large agricultural area.
The development of a dam with sufficient reservoir might be interesting for hydropower
production and land irrigation. Detailed investigations will be done during the following
project phase.
16
River Zalm Penstock for the existing Micro hydro
4.2.8. HPP Chamy/Dewan
Dewana is the river name and is a branch of Sirwan river

The location is SW from Sulaimanya
The river is a seasonal river. Most of the season there is very limited waterflow in the
riverbed. The location does not allow any economic project development and should not
investigated further on.
River regime Dry river bed
4.2.9. HPP Shahedan
The proposed project site is at the village Darna Koti. The river Doli Shahedan has a
catchment’s area upstream the project site of about 216 km² and the minimum discharge
comes to 1.9 m³/sec. However for 2008 a very dry season is expected. The river flows into
Dohan lake.
To develop a combined project for hydropower production and agricultural land irrigation
might be interesting. This will be studied during the next project phase.
17
4.2.10. HPP Surqawshan

The Surqawshan river at the project site crosses a dead village. It belongs to the Dokan district
and is located at the border to Kirkuk district (bridge)
The origin of the river is a spring, approx. 10 km upstream close to the village Tabeen. At the
location of the bridge a little stream could be observed
The place is difficult to reach, there is no civilization around and no electrical line connection.
After the site visit it is recommended not to follow up this project site in the future.
4.2.11. HPP Bardasur
HPP Bardasur will be located on the river Sirwan. The origin of this river is the outlet of the
Derbandikhan dam.
This dam has three 83 MW turbines installed. The sanitary discharge is between 30 and 40
m³/sec.
In a first assessment it is proposed to study the possibility to construct a low head weir dam to
combine a new irrigation system with electricity production through low head pulb turbines.
Further investigations will be done during the next project phase. The dam will have a length
of about 500 m and could have a height up to 40 m in a first preliminary evaluation.
A transmission line is nearby and easy access to the site does exist.
Uncontrolled riverbed Good place for irrigation
18
4.3. Proposed Sites at the DOHUK Governate
4.3.1. Map of the Dohuk Governorate
4.3.2. HPP Gali Zanta
The proposed project site is about 15 km east to Akre City and close to the Divarti village.
The Gali Zanta river has at the project site a natural fall of about 50-60m and could be used as
a run of river hydropower with an intake weir about 2 km upstream the existing bridge
crossing the canyon. From the in take weir a 2.5 km long penstock will transfer the water for
turbination to the powerhouse located at the starting point of an existing irrigation scheme.
An existing gauging station has been noted. Detailed studies will be done during the next
project phase.
19
Natural Waterfall View to the canyon Existing distribution system
4.3.3. HPP Quasrok
The proposed project location is situated close to Quasrok village at a branch of greater Zamb.
At the moment there is an existing irrigation system and several gravel extraction activities at
the natural riverbed.
From our first assessment we think that a complete masterplan on development and a
watershed management should be implemented and discussed with all stakeholders prior to
further investigations in hydropower development. A project development only as a
combination of land irrigation and hydropower production by installing a low head weir could
make sense.
But prior to completion on the master planning and stakeholders meeting no further
investigations into land irrigation and hydropower production should be done.
Existing irrigation channel Division of the irrigation channel
20
4.3.4. HPP Bedul
Instead of Galy Glini the proposed site at Bedul has been visited.
The river Gamal originates from two springs at the mountain upstream if the proposed project
site.
A dam of about 30-40 m height should create the necessary reservoir for storing snow melt
water for usage during the dry season. The water will be used for drinking water purposes,
hydropower production and irrigation. Studies on hydrological data do exist.
About 25 km downstream of Bedul project site Khanas project is located. During the next
project phase both sites will be studied to be implemented as a cascade.
Proposed dam site Left river branch
4.3.5. HPP Khanas
As mentioned above Khanas site at Khanas village is located downstream of Bedul. At the
proposed site a earthfill / rockfill dam of 30-40 m height could be constructed for hydropower
production and agricultural land irrigation. The new reservoir could also be used for fish
breeding and recreation purposes.
Detailed investigations will be done during the next project phase.
21
4.3.6. HPP Begova
Upstream of Begova village there is a very interesting project location to dam the Khabur
river coming from Turkey.
It is really worthwhile to start with further investigations on the possibility to construct a
hydropower plant with more than 100 MW and a significant reservoir for irrigating all
agricultural land downstream of Begova.
A detailed proposal will be presented after the next project phase.
River bed upstream dam site Natural river bed
Possible dam site Possible dam site Possible dam site
22
5. Acitivities till end of June 2008
1. Set up of a database on all received documents for further activities.
2. Preparation of guidelines how to develop Small Hydro Power schemes.
3. Assessment of integrated Project developments for hydropower production and

irrigation in the Kurdistan Region.
4. Preparation of the Draft Pre-feasibility Studies
5. Presentation of the results in form of a Seminar in ERBIL beginning of July 2008
23
6. List of contents on the Draft Final Report
1 Introduction
2 Base Data Evaluation Report
2.1 Percipitation
2.2 Discharge Waterflows
2.3 Electricity demand and existing Electricity Network of Kurdistan
3 General Indroduction to Small Hydro Power Developments
3.1 General layout criteria

3.2 Civil Works
3.3 E&M equipment
3.4 Electrical and Hydrosteel Works
4 Integrated Project Aproach
5 Prefeasibility Studies on 22 sites selected
6 Recommendations on future Activities
7 Annexes
24
7. Lists of Documents received
7.1. General Documents
• Water resources and Irrigation Section “HUJRAN WATERSHED”

• Monthly Report on imported and internal generated electricity of Kurdistan region
May 2008
7.2. Project Description
• Small Gally – Zali Valley

• Zalan Dam Site
• Qutabian Dam Site
• Mosul Dam
• Dokan Dam
• Derbendikkan Dam
7.3. Rainfall
• Erbil Meterological Station 1941 – 2006

• Koya Station 1992 – 2008
7.4. Discharge Flow Data
• Ashibaram
• Shahidan
• Zalan
• Summary of 36 Springs monitoring
• Summary of Max / Min Discharge of 13 Rivers and 3 Springs
7.5. Hydrological Data
• Erbil Governorate
• Duhok Governorate Begova Dam
• Duhok Governorate Gomel River
• Duhok Governorate Khabaur River
25
7.6. Special Reports
• On Hydrology & Hydrogeological data North Irak

• Kurdistan Region Proposed Dams
• Hujran River
• Kurdistan Maps
• Topographical Maps of proposed Sites
• Iraqui W.R. & Dams
26

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Kurdistan Regional Government

Preparation of Pre-feasibility studies for the

2. Field Mission to the selected projects sites

2.1. Team leader Mr. Werner Johannides

2.2. Team leader Mr. Hannes Posch

3. General review on water issues in the Kurdistan

4. Results on the Field missions to the selected project

4.1.2. HPP Degala

Possible dam site Upstream road

4.1.3. HPP Razgar Dewen

Low waterflow at the riverbed Existing irrigation system

4.1.4. HPP Gwer

Wide river bed Main road crossing the valley

4.1.5. HPP Galy Bla

The co-ordinates are N 36° 31’ 54,9”

Low waterflow during dry season Possible intake weir

4.1.6. HPP Merga

The co-ordinates are N 36° 36’ 38,3”

The co-ordinates are N 36° 63’ 10,3”

More detailed investigations based on the rich documentation are necessary.

Relatively good waterflow Possible dam site

4.1.7. HPP Monau

Is the river name and a branch of greater Zab.

The site could not be visited personally. See comments on Merga

4.1.8. HPP Elinjagh

Minimum waterflow Existing river bed

4.2. Proposed Projectsites at Sulaimanya Governate

4.2.2. HPP Ashibram

Riverbed with reasonable flow Dam site downstream

4.2.3. HPP Sargat

Spring as the water resource Riverbed downstream the riverbed

4.2.4. HPP Zadarl/Kargeel

Location: Sulaimani City/ Halabja district/ Byara sub-district/ Zardahal village

Small stream Irrigation of trees

4.2.5. HPP Zalan

Location: Sulaimani City/ Sharbazher district/ Chwarta sub-district/ Zalan village

Riverbed with acceptable slope Dam site

4.2.6. HPP Kutabain

Location: Sulaimani City/ Sharbazher district/ Chwarta sub-district/ Qutabyan village

4.2.7. HPP Zalm/Ahmadawa

Location: Sulaimani City/ Halabja district/ Khurmal sub-district/ Zalm village

River Zalm Penstock for the existing Micro hydro

4.2.8. HPP Chamy/Dewan

Dewana is the river name and is a branch of Sirwan river

River regime Dry river bed

4.2.9. HPP Shahedan

4.2.10. HPP Surqawshan

4.2.11. HPP Bardasur

Uncontrolled riverbed Good place for irrigation

4.3. Proposed Sites at the DOHUK Governate

4.3.1. Map of the Dohuk Governorate

4.3.2. HPP Gali Zanta

Natural Waterfall View to the canyon Existing distribution system

4.3.3. HPP Quasrok

Existing irrigation channel Division of the irrigation channel

4.3.4. HPP Bedul

Proposed dam site Left river branch

4.3.5. HPP Khanas

4.3.6. HPP Begova

River bed upstream dam site Natural river bed

Possible dam site Possible dam site Possible dam site

5. Acitivities till end of June 2008

1. Set up of a database on all received documents for further activities.

2. Preparation of guidelines how to develop Small Hydro Power schemes.