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JCB PEDIGREE
manufacturing company that bears his initials, in 1945. He began his business in a garage
Today JCB’s world headquarters is one of the finest engineering factories in Europe. The
company that began as a ‘one man band’ now employs over 4000 people and produces
over 130 different models on a 4 different continents with bases in the UK, USA, INDIA
It also sells a full range of equipment in over 150 countries. However, JCB’s remarkable
success story cannot be fully appreciated by studying a litany of statistics. JCB has an
ethos, a spirit and an identity that cannot be conveyed by facts and figures. Perhaps one
question and one dictionary definition might go some way to explaining why JCB is a
The question: ‘How many global brands are still run as a family business?’
hydraulically operated shovel on the front and and an excavators arm on the back (named
JCB is a unique company where unique people produce unique products, but it shares one
vitally important characteristic with many other successful global brands. It never stands
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still. JCB may have an exciting future because of its illustrious global but it never takes
Today’s successful businesses satisfy the need of their customers. Tomorrow’s successful
brands have to exceed their customer’s expectations. JCB is always looking for a better
way. It is always prepared to go that extra mile, always determined to do whatever it can
The real JCB difference is that it is a global operation that is run like a family business. It
retains a sense of family and continuity within a highly sophisticated corporate structure.
In the final analysis, JCB is not about machines. It is about people. People who believes
in business. In addition, in the product. People who consider themselves part of the JCB
family.
JCB is a company with basic belief in the merits of hard work. At the core of his modern
his or her customers. Nobody tries harder to improve their products and their service.
JCB people believe their products are the best but they still want them to be better. That is
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JCB’S PROMISE
We plan to deliver the best customer support in our industry- putting the customer at the
Tracked Excavators
Models : Eleven
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JCB INDIA LIMITED £315 million manufacturer of earthmoving and Construction
one of Britain most success stories. JCB is the world number one producer for backhoe
loaders.
JCB India Limited started operation in 1979 as a joint venture between the Escorts group
and JCB Excavators (UK). In 2003, JCB acquired 100% share and today JCB is the
fastest growing company in the Indian earthmoving and construction equipment industry.
The company is the pioneer in the industry and has recording excellent growth rates.
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INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY
The study was undertaken to know what exactly Invoice Verification, Bank Guarantee,
and Custom Duty is. How Invoice verification is done through ERP (SAP).
How custom duties are levied on the goods and the rates are specified in the schedules of
different rates used for calculation of Custom Duty. The term INVOICE
providing reasonable assurances that overpayments and erroneous billings are not
occurring with providers of services. And CUSTOM DUTY means tax imposed on
imports. They are used for restricting Imports for conserving foreign exchange.
an indemnity letter in which the bank commits itself to pay a certain sum if a third
party fails to perform or if any other form of default occurs. The data used is in this
This study has been conducted with the help of material and information
confidential data may create problem. I have tried my best to explain the
concepts.
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INVOICE VERIFICATION
Introduction
The cost-level of the invoice verification department has always been one that was under
pressure of a cost-cutting management team. Since the benefit to the company output is
low the most important criteria for this function has been to perform it as simple, accurate
In the last 10 years, dramatic re-engineering in the area was hype in the consultant’s
world. With this, also the foundation was laid for software-solutions to facilitate these
new processes and make them less labour and/or error intensive. This SAP takes off on
the promise of the so called “don’t bill us we will credit you” .A process optimization
approach that builds on the potential of technical tools like document scanning, optical
character recognition and workflow software to streamline and cut costs in the area of the
invoice verification.
“The matching of document created during Purchase Order process, the goods
organization”.
ADVANTAGES
adaptability of SAP towards the existing Business System in any organization. It provides
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a heterogeneous environment, integrating the various applications; databases and making
available open technologies like web services readily available to the user. It saves money
c. Better ROI: SAP increases the return on investment. As mentioned earlier, by using
synchronization makes the system more reliable leading to better assessment services,
PROCESS DESCRIPTION:
When you receive a credit note for goods for which you have entered a purchase order
and carried out goods receipt and invoice verification on SAP, you will need to process
This User Guide explains how to process a credit note for items ordered, received and
Invoiced where there is a change in the price of the items to your advantage (i.e. no
change in the quantity of Items to be paid for). This Guide also explains how to process a
credit note for items ordered, received and invoiced where some items were sent back to
Note: SAP always expects the invoice to be processed before the credit note can enter.
Contents:
Section 1 of this document will take you through the detailed processes
required to verify a credit note.
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Section Contents
Procedure:
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1.2 Entering credit note data:
below:
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On the Invoice Verification screen, enter information as specified in the table below
Field Description User Action and Values Comments
Name
Transaction Subsequent credit or Select and enter either the Select the
Credit memo ‘Subsequent credit’ or ‘Credit ‘Subsequent credit’
memo’ transaction. transaction where
there is no change in
the quantity of items
to be paid for.
Select the ‘Credit
memo’ transaction
where there is a
change in the quantity
of items to be paid
for.
Invoice date The date of the credit Enter the date printed on the
note credit note
Posting date The date you are entering the This will default in as today’s
credit note date
Reference The credit note number Enter the credit note number Entering the credit
from the credit note here in the note number in the
same format as it is on the same format will
document make it easier if you
need to refer to/find it
again at a later date
Amount The total of the credit note The total amount of the credit
note including tax.
Tax The tax amount The tax portion of the credit note
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You will see the vendor number for the vendor that the purchase order was raised against
and the name and address of the vendor default into the screen:
If the credit note is from a different vendor to the vendor entered on the purchase order
and the original invoice was verified with this different vendor as an alternative payee,
then enter the different vendor on the credit note as an alternative payee on the details tab.
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If you are entering a ‘Subsequent credit’, i.e. paying less for items with no change in the
If you are entering a ‘Credit memo’, i.e. a change in the quantity of items to be paid for,
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By following Sections 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3, details of the line items will have defaulted into
Enter the net amount of the credit against the appropriate line items.
Note: a credit note cannot be for more than the amount already invoiced.
Select the lines that the credit refers to by clicking on the boxes to the left of the items so
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Proceed to Section 1.6 to simulate the posting of the Credit memo.
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By following Sections 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3, details of the line items with their net prices will
have defaulted into the screen from the original purchase order. Each line will be
selected, indicated by the box to the left of each line being a darker grey.
Click on the amount to be altered and enter the net amount of the credit.
Click on the quantity to be altered and enter the quantity of the item on the credit note.
Note: a credit note cannot be for more than the amount or quantity already invoiced.
De-select the lines that the credit does not refer to.
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Proceed to Section 1.6 to simulate the posting of the Credit memo.
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1.6 Simulating the posting of the credit note:
Click on the ‘Simulate’ button to view the document you are about to post.
Each of your line items should be against its ledger code; nothing should be assigned
The Debit should equal the Credit, and the Balance at the bottom should be 0.00.
If the simulation is correct, proceed to Section 1.7 to post the credit note.
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If the simulation is not correct, go back to the Invoice Verification screen by clicking on
When simulating the posting of the credit note, if the warning message ‘Invoice
document still contains messages (see error log) appears, see Section 1.8
This takes you back to the Invoice Verification screen ready for the next invoice/credit
note. The document number is given at the bottom of the screen. Every time SAP carries
a function, it creates a unique document number within a range. The number range for
Use the rubber stamp on the invoice and write in the document number SAP produces in
the box marked ‘Document no’ and obtain the appropriate signature to authorize the
credit note.
Send the verified and authorized credit note to the payments office
When simulating the posting of a credit note (Section 1.6), if the warning message,
appears instead of the simulate screen, follow the path: Goto> Messages. Note the
Verification log Message text, ‘Enter’ to return to the Invoice Verification screen and
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BANK GUARANTEE
Definition
sum of money) to the beneficiary (third party, local or foreign) in the event that the
obligor (customer) fails to honor its obligations in accordance with the terms and
Purpose
This is issued by the Bank at the request of contractors, wholesalers, companies involved
in transaction, etc. for handling the guarantee request they receive in their operation.
This is issued by the Bank in favor of a buyer who makes the advance, at the request of
the seller/contractor who received the advance, representing the Bank's commitment to
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repay the sum in the event that the seller/contractor fails to honor the contract terms in
Such guarantee is issued by the Bank to meet any claims to be made by the local or
foreign supplier (beneficiary) in case the debtor (local buyer) fails to repay in accordance
Retention Guarantee
Such guarantee is issued by the Bank to provide security to the party accepting the
release of the retention (beneficiary) in the event that the seller or the contractor fails to
perform its obligation as per the term and conditions of the contract.
Bid bond is issued by the Bank upon the request by the bidder expressing the Bank's
commitment to meeting the claim of the beneficiary in case the bidder withdraws from
the bid during the bid period or fails to accept the award when he/she becomes a winner.
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Customs duty guarantee
These guarantees are issued by the Bank to meet the requests of the beneficiary in respect
customs duties are not re-exported and the respective customs duties have not been paid.
Eligibility
The Bank provides guarantee services to both local and foreign customers.
or abroad.
Duration
Any request made after the expiry of the guarantee is not accepted.
The Bank shall not commit itself to the terms and conditions stated in the
contractual agreements.
Collateral
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Customer’s obligation
Customers have to fulfill their obligation as per the terms and conditions of the
contract.
If they fail to do so, the beneficiary is entitled to collecting the guarantee amount
Service Charge
The Bank collects a service charge of 0.2% to 0.5%, depending on the amount of
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CUSTOM DUTY
Problems due to high customs duty - Heavy customs duty had started becoming
self-complacent. They neglected aspects of quality and productivity. The result is that
‘Made in India' label has become a sign of poor quality product in international market.
industries abroad. Indian exports are restricted in some countries due to our protectionist
policies. Government has realized these aspects. Restrictions on imports have been
considerably reduced. Rupee has been made freely convertible on current account.
Customs duties were lowered to 150% (basic plus auxiliary) in 1991. It was brought to
110% in March 1992, 85% in March 93, 65% in March 94, and 50% in March 95 and
42% in March 1997. [40% basic plus 2% special]. The peak rate was brought down to
38.5% in March 2000 (35% basic plus 10% surcharge). It was brought down to 35% on
1.3.2001, 30% on 1-3-2002, 25% w.e.f. 1-3-2003 and 15% w.e.f. 1-3-2005.
customs duty, Special Additional Duty of 4% (SAD) and Countervailing duty (CVD)
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Section 12 of Customs Act provides levy of duty on Imports as well as exports. The rate
of duty is as prescribed in Customs Tariff Act, 1975, read with relevant exemption
notifications. Import duty is levied on almost all items, while export duty is levied only
on a few limited products, where Indian goods are in commanding position. Raising
revenue for Central Government is the main but not the only purpose of Customs Act.
Customs Act is used to (a) regulate imports and exports (b) protect Indian industry from
dumping (c) collect revenue of customs duty. In addition, provisions of Customs Act are
used for other Acts like Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act, Foreign
Exchange Management Act (FEMA) etc. Customs Law is covered under various Acts,
CUSTOMS ACT, 1962 - This is the main Act, which provides for levy and collection of
CUSTOMS TARIFF ACT, 1975 - The Act contains two schedules - Schedule 1 gives
classification and rate of duties for imports, while schedule 2 gives classification and
rates of duties for exports. In addition, the CTA (Customs Tariff Act) makes provisions
for duties like additional duty (CVD), preferential duty, anti-dumping duty, protective
duties
TYPES OF DUTIES
Under the custom laws, the following are the various types of duties, which are leviable.
Basic Duty:
This is the basic duty levied under the Customs Act. The rate varies for different items
from 5% to 40%.
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Additional Duty (Countervailing Duty) (CVD):
This additional duty is levied under section 3 (1) of the Custom Tariff Act and is equal to
excise duty levied on a like product manufactured or produced in India. If a like product
is not manufactured or produced in India, the excise duty that would be leviable on that
product had it been manufactured or produced in India is the duty payable. If the product
is leviable at different rates, the highest rate among those rates is the rate applicable. Such
duty is leviable on the value of goods plus basic custom duty payable. e.g. If the customs
value of goods is Rs. 5000 and rate of basic customs duty is 10% and excise duty on
Additional Duty is levied under section 3(3) of the Customs Act. It can be charged on all
goods by the central government to counter balance excise duty leviable to raw materials,
components and other inputs similar to those used in the production of such good.
Anti-dumping Duty:
Sometimes, foreign sellers abroad may export into India goods at prices below the
amounts charged by them in their domestic markets in order to capture Indian markets to
the detriment of Indian industry. This is known as dumping. In order to prevent dumping,
the Central Government may levy additional duty equal to the margin of dumping on
such articles, if the goods have been sold at less than normal value. Pending
determination of margin of dumping, such duty may be provisionally imposed. After the
exact rate of dumping duty is finally determined, the Central government may vary the
provisional rate of dumping duty. Dumping duty can be imposed even when goods are
imported indirectly or after changing the condition of goods. There are however certain
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restrictions on imposing dumping duties in case of countries which are signatories to the
GATT or on countries given "Most Favored Nation Status" under agreement. Dumping
duty can be levied on imports on such countries only if the Central Government proves
that import of such goods in India at such low prices causes material injury to Indian
industry.
Protective Duty:
If the Tariff Commission set up by law recommends that in order to protect the interests
of Indian industry, the Central Government may levy protective anti-dumping duties at
the rate recommended on specified goods. The notification for levy of such duties must
be introduced in the Parliament in the next session by way of a bill or in the same session
if Parliament is in session. If the bill is not passed within six months of introduction in
Parliament, the notification ceases to have force but the action already undertaken under
the notification remains valid. Such duty will be payable upto the date specified in the
Export Duty:
Such duty is levied on export of goods. At present, very few articles such as skins and
leather are subject to export duty. The main purpose of this duty is to restrict exports of
certain goods. The Central Government has been granted emergency powers to increase
import or export duties if the need so arises. Such increase in duty must be by way of
notification, which is to be placed in the Parliament within the session, and if it is not in
session, it should be placed within seven days when the next session starts. Notification
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OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
To ensure that accounts for payment and settlement are verified in a cost-effective
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RESEARCH METHDOLOGY
Research in common refers to “search for knowledge”. It is scientific system and for
RESEARCH DESIGN
have to adjust them according to changing environment. The rate of custom duty depends
upon the policy of government. The adoption of software depends upon the decision of
the manufacturer.
SAMPLE DESIGN
has to draw certain sample for study purpose. A sample design is a definite plan
determined before any data are actually collected for obtaining samples for the same
DATA COLLECTION
The data is of two types: primary and secondary. Data are the facts presented to the
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DATA
PRIMARY SECONDARY
DATA DATA
PRIMARY DATA in this research was collected through continuous meeting with
employees.
After the collection of data, it is edited and edited data is put into a form
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ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS
INVOICE VERIFICATION
o excluding freight
o including freight
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INVOICE (VALID FOR INPUT TAX)
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TAX INVOICE
JOB WORK
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INVOICE
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TUBEWELL WORKSHOP $
GENERAL INDUSTRIES
S.NO. 527 DATE 12-06-2006
______________________________________________________________________________
CONSIGNEE
M/S JCB INDIA LTD
23/7, BALLABGARH
FARIDABAD, HARYANA
G. TOTAL 85959.91
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BANK GUARANTEE
sum of money) to the beneficiary (third party, local or foreign) in the event that the
obligor (customer) fails to honor its obligations in accordance with the terms and
JCB INDIA LTD. Arranges Bank Guarantee of various banks. They maintain Bank
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PREPARATION OF BANK GUARANTEE IN MS-EXCEL
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CUSTOM DUTY
DUTIES
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CVD = (ASSESSABLE VALUE + BCD) * 16%
CESS = CVD * 2%
CESS)* 4%
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CONCLUSION
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enhanced adaptability
better ROI
Bank guarantee
SUGESSTIONS
increased productivity.
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Import of all packaged commodities should be made subject to compliance of all
LIMITATIONS
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3. High rate of Custom Duty reduce the competitiveness of industry in
International market.
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Citibank MC / DD / FT
APPLICATION
Date____________________
To: OIC, Cash Management, Citibank N.A., □ Ahmedabad □ Bangalore □ Chandigarh □ Chennai
□ Coimbatore ◙Delhi □ Gurgaon □ Hyderabad □ Jaipur □ Kochi □ Kolkata
□ Ludhiana □ Mumbai □ Pune □ Vadodara
Payment Details
Sr No. Beneficiary Location Amount
1. PNB A/C CUSTOM DUTY A/C JCB INDIA LTD. NEW DELHI 750418.00
2. ……………………DO……………………………. …….DO………. 17029.00
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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www.jcb.com
www.google.com
www.thespot4sap.com
www.yahoo.com
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