Abstract

With the rapid development and wide application of network information technology in the 21st
century, the IPv4 based computer network gradually exposed such problems as IP address shortage and
the rapid growth of the routing table. Meanwhile, with the deepening of China's reform of the
education system, we had to face a expanding in colleges and universities scale,a sharp increase in
campus network users, and more and more computer network businesses, which reflected such new
problems as the network bandwidth bottlenecks, security management and multi-service needs. These
problems greatly limits the development of the campus network, the IPv6 based next-generation
campus network construction is imminent

Universities, as the one of the main technological force in the internet construction, development and
promotion, should establish a precedent and lead the internet industry in the deployment and
application for the IPv6 technology. GC college need to experience three main stages in the transition
from IPv4 to IPv6: a stage of IPv6 application applying in the IPv4 network, a coexistence stage between
IPv6 and IPv4, and a stage of IPv4 applicationapplyingintheIPv6network. After analyzing on the protocol
and service for IPv6, this paper researched the interim technology, ICMPv6, neighbor discovery protocol,
routing protocol, security mechanism, deployment and configuration plan etc. which involved in the
transition from IPv4 to IPv6. This paper elaborated the relevant problems on the transition from IPv4
network to IPv6 network, proposed a network strategy transited from IPv4 network to coexistence
network between IPv4 and IPv6, solved the key technology problem of routing planning, network
configuration and security management about IPv6 application applying in the IPv4 network, the
coexistence between IPv6 and IPv4, and the IPv4 application applying in the IPv6 network. This paper
configured the dynamic routing, address resolution, network connectivity and service function for the
DNS, DHCPv6 and FTP through the network simulationenvironmentbasedonGNS3+VPSC. Through the
analysis, design and experiment, this paper completed the designing, configuration and simulation
verification from IPv4 network transited to coexistence stage between IPv6 and IPv4, and the stage of
IPv4 application applying in the IPv6 network, based on GNS3+VPSC simulation experimental
environment. The author basically fulfilled the designing requirements of GC College Network. The
designing plan can also be modeled to expand the IPv6 network construction and management ideas
and improve thetechnologymanagementlevelofcampusnetworkandteachinglevelinthecolleges.

Keywords IPv4; IPv6;campusnetwork;networkdesign;networkplanning

Introduction

Background of Question

Since the development of the Internet, it has entered a new era. The research, testing, and
popularization of IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) and the Internet Protocol v6 have also entered a
new phase. The report of CNNIC (China Internet Network Information Center) shows that by June 2015,
Chinese Internet users had reached 670 million, and the Internet penetration rate was 48.8%. Although
the total number of netizens has increased rapidly, the popularity of IPv6 is still low. The most popular
country is Belgium, where more than 40% of users use IPv6, followed by the United States, Germany,
Peru, and Luxembourg. There are 62.74 million IPv6 users in the United States, accounting for 22.21% of
the population, far more than any other country. China has less than 5 million IPv6 users. China
Telecommunications Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology reported
that the total demand for IP addresses in the next five years will be 34.5 billion. There are 1 billion
mobile Internet IP addresses, 10 billion Internet of Things (IoT), and 500 million fixed Internet. Existing
IPv4 addresses are far from meeting the requirements of technological development. The Chinese
government attaches great importance to the development of the IPv6 next-generation Internet
industry and has introduced a series of related policies. The overall support and number of IPv6 support
has increased tremendously. According to statistics, as of December 31, 2014, 1939 global IPv6Ready
certifications have been issued, including 596 in China, accounting for 31% of the global total, ranking
first in the world. As the main promoters and leaders of Internet construction and development,
colleges and universities are building their own IPv6 campus networks. Based on the status quo of the
College of Engineering this article explores a variety of technologies for the smooth transition of IPv4
and IPv6 and explores a solution that is suitable for the construction of the campus IPv6 campus. The
IPv6 campus network has entered the new era of the Internet.

1.1.1 Significance of university information construction

In recent years, Internet technology has developed rapidly. The development and application of
computer Internet based on the IPv4 protocol has produced tremendous economic and social
benefits. However, the design features of the IPv4 protocol itself make the security of the IPv4
protocol low, and the routing table also tends to over-expand as the application grows. In
particular, the total design volume of IPv4 addresses cannot meet the current and future
Internet requirements for IP address requirements. Of course, temporary IPv4 addresses, public
gateways, and technologies such as network address translation (NAT) can be used to
temporarily solve the problem of insufficient IPv4 addresses. However, the resulting technical
overhead such as address resolution, translation, and processing is increased. It is easy to cause
high-level applications to fail. It still cannot fundamentally solve the practical problem of
insufficient IPv4 address space. With the advent of the era of cloud computing, the Internet of
Things, mobile Internet, and big data, the application and popularization of various types of
applied electronic and electrical equipment, mobile communication devices, and intelligent
terminals have all put unprecedented demands on IP addresses of devices. The IPv4 address
space is only 32 bits, and about 4.2 billion addresses are simply unable to meet this explosive
requirement [1].

The completion of China’s education and scientific research computer network has led to the
development of China’s Internet. With the popularization of higher education, the number of campus
network users in major universities has greatly increased, and the number and types of services carried
by them have also increased. CERNET 2 (second-generation CERNET based on IPv6) achieves the balance
between experimentation and application, and is responsible for testing new technologies, training
technical talents, and building IPv6 networks.

1.1.2 Research Status of Foreign IPv6 Technologies

In the United States, in 1996, the government launched the Next Generation Internet (NGI) Next-
Generation Internet (NGI) action plan and established the backbone network VBNS (Ultra High-
Bandwidth Network Service). Following the conclusion of the NGI plan, the Internet2 plan was launched
in 1998. The government aims to promote the industrialization of the next-generation Internet. In the
U.S. next-generation Internet plan, in addition to the research and development of the agreement, high-
end applications are also required for the deployment of the trial network and provide demonstration
effects [1]. After entering the 21st century, the U.S. Department of Defense further demanded that the
military’s computer network must support IPv6. Therefore, this request has made the United States the
main force in the research and application of IPv6 as the center of world research work and the
promotion of commercialization. In Europe, wireless application technology is its strength, and the basic
strategy for the development of IPv6 is "move first and then fix." The European Community first
established a backbone network in the next generation of Internet research work, linking academic
networks from multiple countries. Then based on this interconnected academic backbone network, a
comprehensive research and development of the next-generation Internet core technology will be
conducted. Europe's first IPv6 business network Skanova is Sweden's largest network operator providing
voice, Internet and broadband services. It started commercial use in November 2001. In January 2002,
Europe also launched the 6NET and Euro6IX trial network for IPv6 research and implementation. Among
them, at least 10 national research institutes and educational institutions will be connected based on
pure IPv6 and 2.5Gb/s rate networks. Based on this, network address allocation, routing technology
assessment, service and application testing, and the testing of IPv4 and IPv6 convergence strategies are
all achieved to achieve the overall goal of promoting the rapid development of IPv6. At the same time, in
terms of the introduction of IPv6, telecom operators have established IPv6 switching nodes [2]. The
research of APAN, an advanced network in the Asia-Pacific region, took the lead in joining the
international research of the next-generation Internet in 1998. This research was initiated by the three
countries of South Korea, Japan, and Singapore. In order to become a technology leader in
informatization, Japan completed the distribution of network addresses and provision of pilot services in
1999 based on IPv6 technology research and development respectively. After commercial services were
implemented in 2001, the IT basic strategy and e-Japan plan were formulated, and the transition to
Internet applications based on IPv6 technology was proposed in 2005. At present, Japan has formed a
full industry chain of telecommunications operators, equipment and terminal providers and end users
based on IPv6 technology. Among IPv6 commercial service providers include: NTTcommunications,
JapanTelecom, and KDDI. From 1996 to 2003, based on IPv6 technology, KDDI completed the
establishment of experimental network, interconnection with 6Bone, remote access, and protocol
conversion. In commercial services, it can provide pure IPv6 services and IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel services.
6Bone is the world’s oldest and largest global IPv6 demonstration network created by the IETF in August
1996. In 2002, 6Bone has connected nearly a thousand sites in 57 countries and regions in the full range.

China also includes China. Therefore, 6Bone has become the main platform for IPv6 researchers,
developers and practitioners[3]
1.1.3 Research Status of Domestic IPv6 Technology
In 2003, the Ministry of Information Industry issued the first IPv6 core router access trial approval and
launched the China Next Generation Internet Demonstration Project (CNGI). The CNGI project is an
important milestone in the development of China’s next-generation Internet, and it is also a major
exploration in the research and development of information networks and in experimental research of
engineering projects. The project cooperation and participation units include more than one hundred
universities and research institutions: including major network operators, Peking University, Tsinghua
University, and Chinese Academy of Sciences.

And dozens of network equipment manufacturers: Huawei Technologies, ZTE, and Datang Telecom. The
sign that China truly enters the development stage of IPv6-based next-generation Internet is that it has
opened the world's largest pure IPv6 next-generation Internet—the CNGI-CERNET2 backbone network.
With the successful construction of China’s next-generation Internet CNGI demonstration network, it
will build national public information infrastructure and information resources from the three aspects of
the overall network structure, key technologies, and personnel training, and lay the foundation for the
implementation of the relevant tasks in the Outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Development Plan. solid
foundation. The development and application of the next-generation Internet will become the
breakthrough point and commanding height for the improvement of China’s future competitiveness. At
present, cloud computing is surging, and the Internet of Things is still in the ascendant. With the
depletion of IP addresses, network security, and management, maintenance and operation
requirements, the Internet is facing more severe challenges. At present, CNGI-CERNET2 has become an
important infrastructure for China to study next-generation Internet technologies, develop major
applications, and promote the development of the next-generation Internet industry. Hundreds of
universities have achieved initial results in the trial commercialization and industrialization of next-
generation Internet services, which are mainly IPv6-based, and are formally moving from the Internet to
applications.

Main research work

The main research work of this project is as follows: 1) analysis the principle and structure
characteristics of IPv6 protocol, analyze the related protocols and working principles, and analyze and
compare with the IPv4 protocol.

2) describe the necessity and transition technology from IPv4 network to IPv6 network. 3) the present
situation of GC college campus network is analyzed, and the campus network architecture based on IPv6
technology is designed on the basis of the existing campus network architecture, and the similarities and
differences of the two kinds of network architecture are compared and analyzed. The strategy of
transition from pure IPv4 network to IPv6 and IPv4 coexistence and IPv4 islanding in IPv6 ocean is put
forward. 4) using the GNS3+VPCS simulation to build the IPv6 experimental platform, the transition
technology is applied in the basic network to test and test, to provide data support for the later network.
5) build DNS, FTP and DHCP application service platform based on IPv6 technology, and configure them
in detail. At the same time, the network security management strategy of IPv4 and IPv6 coexist is
analyzed.

1.2.2 key problems

The main problems to be solved in this project are as follows:

1) technical requirement analysis of IPv6 network construction.

2) the analysis and design of network architecture in the transition stage from IPv4 network to IPv6
network.

3) design and implementation of IPv6 network test scheme.

4) implementation and configuration of key applications in IPv6 network.

5) analysis of IPv6 network security protection and management strategy.

1.2.3 expected objectives and results

The expected goals and achievements of this project are as follows: 1) finish the design of IPv6 network
architecture of GC campus. 2) complete the construction of IPv6 experimental platform, and simulate
the networking scheme and technology from IPv4 to IPv6. 3) complete the building and testing of IPv6
network application services, and make necessary preparations for the migration of other applications.

2.1 IPv6 protocol analysis

IPv6 (InternetProtocolVersion6) is a IETF design that is used to replace the nearly exhausted IPv4
(InternetProtocolVersion4) protocol to adapt to the rapid development of the next generation Internet
network.

The 2.1.1 IPv6 protocol base IPv6 protocol uses efficient IP Baotou, automatic host address
configuration, hierarchical address mode, quality of service, authentication and encryption, and fast and
secure technology [4]. IPv6 protocol simplifies the header of datagram to improve the efficiency of
router and improve the forwarding speed.

(1) the new message structure, IPv6, is divided into two parts, which are fixed and extended, which can
be distinguished and stored separately for different protocols, and the process of protocol processing is
simplified. Moving the non basic and optional fields to the expansion part enables the network
intermediate router to deal with the IPv6 protocol header [5] more efficiently. The IPv6 protocol header
and IPv4 protocol head are not compatible, so the following protocols must be modified so that the 128
bit addresses of IPv6 can be processed. Such as: TCP, UD, Telnet, FTP, SMTP.
(2) the large address space IPv6 has an address length of 128 bits, that is, 2128 IP addresses. Moreover,
prefix is used to represent network ID in IPv6, so as to identify subnet. So as to effectively solve the
problem of insufficient number of address in IPv4 network.

(3) a new way of address configuration. IPv6 host address configuration can be divided into three parts:
Manual address configuration, stateful automatic address configuration, stateless address configuration.

(4) better QOS IPv6 can efficiently support QOS[17] by using the flow label field defined in Baotou, and
the router can perform the protocol operation without having to open the internal data packet to
identify the internal data of the protocol during the protocol data processing. Therefore, encrypted data
packets that are encrypted by IPSec and ESP can also achieve QOS.

(5) the built-in security IPv6 ensures the security of data transmission and improves the interoperability
between different schemes, and its authentication and encryption are carried out in the network layer
and provide end to end security.

(6) the new neighbor discovery protocol IPv6 uses a new neighbor discovery protocol to support a
stateless automatic address configuration, using unicast and multicast packets to replace the IPv4 ARP
(Address ResolutionProtocol, address resolution protocol), ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol,
Internet control message protocol) [14] routing discovery and routing redirection.

(7) the packet header of the extensible IPv6 protocol can be divided into a fixed header and an extended
header, so it is not restricted by the header byte, and the option field of the IPv6 extension header
supports up to 40 byte options with the length of the IPv6 packet length only.

(8) the built in mobility IPv6 protocol's built-in mobility is embodied in the expansion header, which uses
the routing extension header and the destination address extension header.

Background of the subject

The existing foundation is, so far, has a history in recent years. Because of the rapid development,
statistics show that the scale has doubled every year. The limitations are becoming more and more
obvious. The first Internet users were universities, high-tech industries, and government departments.
As the Internet continues to expand in the middle of the year, it has been used by more people,
especially people with different needs. First, millions of people with wireless portable computers can
use it to maintain contact with their enterprise networks. With the continuous convergence of the
computer, communications and entertainment industries, every TV set in the world may soon become a
node of the Internet, thus leading to hundreds of millions of machines for video on demand, and the
computer will be miniaturized and calculated. The machine is installed in everywhere, such as labels,
badges, votes, the light switch high security thermostat etc.. In these environments, the system must
support plug and play, real-time communication, low power consumption, easy management, and so on.
It is obvious that it must be further developed and more flexible. According to the current development
trend of the network, the address between the year and the smart year will be depleted, so we must
replace it with another address scheme. In order to solve the above problems. A new version of the
development started in the year. Its main goal is to have infinite address space and never to run out of
addresses. Reduce the length of the routing table. A simplified protocol enables routers to process
packets faster. Provide better layer security. Increase support for service quality, especially support real-
time communication. Multicast is implemented by defining the scope. It supports plug and play, and the
host can achieve roaming without changing addresses. The protocol has good scalability. New and old
agreements are allowed to exist for some years. In order to find agreements that meet all these needs, a
statement seeking for proposals and discussions was published. To the end of the year, for the next
generation

IPv6 in the United States

As the birthplace of the United States, address resources and commercial applications occupy a
congenital advantage, so there is neither the worry of the address shortage nor the change of the
commercial network system built for billions of dollars, so the United States is mainly in the face of the
research and coordination centers. The typical network is the US energy network, and so on.

In the year of creation, it is the earliest and largest global demonstration network in the world. By the
year, the scale has been extended to countries and regions, including China, with nearly a thousand
nodes, becoming the main platform for researchers, developers and practitioners.

In order to speed up the direction of practicality, the working group put forward the establishment of a
global research and education network. The main goal is to provide high-quality packet transmission
services, increase operation network experience, promote network deployment and test early
application. During the period of development, in order to better support the pure peer interconnect
among participants, and to jointly initiate a plan called exchange at the beginning of the year, it relies on
providing routing services and operations management, providing routing servers and registration
services, and establishing an intercontinental network with switches as the center. At present, the
United States is launching a "global too bit academic research network" with all countries in Europe and
Asia, and plans to actively promote the sublimation and construction of the next generation of Internet
research and construction.

Spheroidization. The US is not only the enabler and beneficiary of the first generation Internet
globalization process, but also plays the leading role in the development of next-generation Internet. In
2003, the United States government launched the next generation of Internet action plans, established
the next generation of Internet backbone years, and the University Alliance of the next generation of
Internet research in the United States was set up to start the program. After the end of the plan, the US
government immediately launched a plan to promote the industrialization of the next generation
Internet. Today, the United States plays a leading role in the scientific research and technical standard
setting of the next generation Internet. As an important strategic ally of the United States, the Canadian
government has also supported the development plan. Due to the government's great attention and
support, the current US plus Canada based North America represents the highest level of the next
generation Internet. The trend of us monopoly in the next generation Internet development has
attracted the attention of many developed countries. In 2003, the European Community officially
launched the next generation of Internet research programs, established a backbone network across the
country, and carried out the research and development of the core technologies of the next generation
of the Internet. As the earliest driver of the world's Internet, the US military officially announced a
billion dollar plan to complete the transfer from the year before and after the year. At the European
Union headquarters in Brussels, the next generation of the next generation of internet academic
organizations, including the European Union, announced a formal service to all sectors of the
community. The United States once held a conservative attitude towards the technology, but it rejoined
in the year. In that year, the US Department of Defense issued a memorandum to make important
decisions on the overall deployment of the US military 's "global information grid" and to make more
than a billion dollar budget. The US Department of defense schedule shows a standard agreement year
to year from year to year, and a joint operation year of the agreement to achieve a comprehensive
home plan in the United States, and the agreement exits at the same time.