INTRODUCTION

People cannot survive without water which makes it the second most important substance in our body.
Water has many uses in our daily lives. Most especially the tap water. We use it for cleaning our house,
drinking, washing dishes, bathing doing some laundries and many more. Because of those things that we
can do to the water, it is important for us to know the properties of a tap water. In this, report it will help us
to know the density, unit weight and the specific gravity of a tap water.

A density is defined as the ratio of a substance mass per unit volume. The symbol used for density is ρ
(Greek letter rho) and D (Latin).

GENERAL FORMULA:

m
ρ=
v
Where,

ρ is the density

m is the mass; and

v is the volume

The SI unit for density is kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m 3) and the Imperial/US units is slugs per cubic feet
(slugs/ft3).

The specific weight also mostly known as unit weight is defined as the ratio of the weight per unit volume.
It is defined by the symbol ϒ (Greek letter gamma).

GENERAL FORMULA:

w
ϒ=
v
Where,

ϒ is the specific weight or unit weight

w is the weight of the material; and

v is the volume of the material

The SI unit for unit weight is Newton per cubic meter (N/m 3).
There are some materials that have a constant unit weight and densities, just like the water but only in a
pure water. But the truth is that absolutely pure water doesn’t exist either in nature and even when treated
with the most advance technology available to us. So that we cannot use the constant of water to the tap
water.

The constant of a pure water at a 5°C temperature:

IN METRIC:

ρH2O = 1000 kg/m3

ϒH2O = 9810 N/m3 or 9.81 kN/m3

IN US/ IMPERIAL:

ϒH2O = 62.4 lbs/ ft3

Lastly, for the specific gravity is defined as the ratio of the density is defined as the ratio of the density of
an object and a reference substance. This tell us if the object or substance will float in our reference. The
other way of calculating for the specific gravity is defined by the density of any material multiply by the
gravitational earth’s constant. The symbol used for the specific gravity is S, S.G. or G.S.

GRAVITATIONAL EARTH’S CONSTANT:

9.81 m/s2

GENERAL FORMULA:

ρOBJ ϒ OBJ
S= =
ρH2O ϒ H 2O

The main objective of this report is to get the mass of the tap water; to know and to calculate the unit
weight, density and the specific gravity. And as we will conduct this experiment we assume that the tap
waters density, specific gravity and unit weight will have a result near the pure waters density, unit weight
and specific weight.