ON JOB TRAINING REPORT ON WELL PSDO

(RAJAHMUNDRY ASSET)

(Report submitted towards fulfilment of OJT program of ONGC ACADEMY)

(8th Dec 2014 - 6th Feb 2015)

AJEET
AEE (DRILLING)
CPF NO- 126937
ONGC, RAJAHMUNDRY ASSET
 Acknowledgment

I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Mr. A.K Lal , HDS, Rajahmundry Asset and
Mr. H.L Patel, LM-DS, Rajahmundry Asset for the supervision and support that they gave
which helped in the progression and smoothness of the On Job Training(OJT) program in
Drilling Services, Rajahmundry.

I wish to sincerely thank my supervisor Sh. H.R. Verma (RIC of E-1400-16 rig) to award me
a wonderful opportunity by allowing me to work on E-1400-16 Rig of Rajahmundry asset.
My supervisor helped me in every step where I struck; give me guidance and way to
successfully complete my training. The staff was very supportive and helpful. Their kind
help and inspirations helped me to work to my full potential. Without their guidance,
support, motivation the training wouldn’t have been fruitful. I would also like to present a
note of thanks towards Oil and Natural Gas Corporation.

I am also thankful to my DIC Mr. S. Bhattacharjee, Mr. VP Singh and SIC Mr. Ramanachari
for their kind attention, support and valuable time which lead to the accomplishment of
this OJT. I also want to thank all those who were involved directly or indirectly in
successful completion of my training.
 INTRODUCTION

The KG-PG Basin is located along the East Coast of India in the State of Andhra Pradesh
covering an area of 1,00,000 sq. km both onland and offshore. The basin is spread
across the coastal districts of East and West Godavari, Krishna and Khammam of
Andhra Pradesh.

In Krishna Godavari basin, exploratory activities by ONGC were initiated by carrying out
geological and Gravity-Magnetic surveys in 1959. The offshore exploration activities
were also introduced in the year 1970 by way of 2D seismic surveys. K.G.Project started
functioning from the APIIC Sheds at Dowlaiswaram in 1977. First Onland Well,
Narsapur-1 spudded on 4.4.1978 by E-2000-I Rig, the first Type -III Rig indigenously
built by BHEL. First Offshore well, G-1-1 at a water depth of 250m spudded in on
29.11.1979.

KG-PG Basin is the most happening place in the exploration map of India and is on the
threshold of emerging as the most valuable E&P asset of ONGC. Due to the persistent
and dedicated efforts of our fellow ONGCians we have been sustaining exploration
success. Entire country is looking towards KG-PG Basin for mitigation of shortfall of
hydrocarbon energy requirements.
 DRILLING RIGS
A drilling rig is a machine which creates holes (usually called boreholes). Drilling
rigs can be massive structures housing equipment used to drill oil wells, or natural
gas extraction wells, or they can be small enough to be moved manually .Drilling
rigs can be mobile equipment mounted on trucks, tracks or trailers, or more
permanent land or marine-based structures (such as oil platforms, commonly
called 'offshore oil rigs' even if they don't contain a drilling rig). The term "rig"
therefore generally refers to the complex of equipment that is used to penetrate
the surface of the Earth's crust.

There are four primary steps in the drilling phase before completion:

1) Preparation:
A level pad site, generally 300 feet by 300 feet, will be prepared in approximately
one week, and a drilling rig will then be moved onto the location.
Located under the rig floor is a blowout preventer, a series of hydraulic valves
that secure the wellbore (the hole in the ground created by the drill) in the event
an over-pressure formation is encountered during the drilling operations.

2) Surface Casing/Cementing:
The first hole to be drilled is known as the surface hole, which typically reaches a
depth of 800 feet to 1,300 feet.
After the surface hole is drilled, the drill string is removed and surface casing is
lowered into the hole. Cement is then pumped down the entire length of the
casing, and through the bottom, so the cement circulates back up and around the
outside of the casing, all the way to the surface. This seals the space between the
casing string and the wellbore.

3) Data Logging:
In the logging process, engineers and geologists use sensitive instruments to
measure various properties of the rocks and determine where the hydrocarbons
are located in the wellbore. Smaller bit drills are used at this point.

4) Production Casing/Cementing
Next, production casing is run into the hole and the drilling stage is nearly
complete. One of the final steps is to cement the production casing into place.
 Cement is pumped down through the inside of the casing, up around the outside
between the wellbore and casing. Cementing the production casing ensures that
gas inside the wellbore will not be allowed to escape. As a result, operators can
direct the flow of gas through the production casing and the tubing until it
reaches the surface.

1) DRAW WORKS

Model – E-1400
Draw works capacity - 1400 HP
Motor capacity - 750 KW
Motor speed - 1080 rpm
Draw works speed ratio - 16.875: 1

The draw works is powered with two DC motors of 1000 hp each.

Either one or both of these motors can be put into operation at a time.

Draw works consisting of

1. Prime mover.
2. Transmission system.
3. Hoisting system.
4. Brake system.
5. Lubrication system.
6. Cooling system.
7. Pneumatic control system.

A) MAIN DRUM SIZE:

1. Drum size: 28” x 52”
2. Drum brake: 50” x 10”
3. Low & High clutches: Air flexes 38VC1200
4. Rotary clutch: Airflex24VC650
5. Sand reel clutch: Airflex24CB500

B) SPEED CALCULATION:
I. Input shaft speed (28/51x1080rpm) - 593 rpm
II. Output shaft speed - 282 rpm & 451 rpm
III. Low clutch speeds – 64 rpm& 103 rpm
IV. High clutch speeds—243 rpm & 388rpm

C) RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM HOOK LOADS IN TONNES WITH 12 LINES

Transmission
Clutches Low High
Low 295 168
High 99 64

2) TRAVELLING BLOCK

 Capacity: 500Tons
 No of sheaves 6
 Outside diameter of sheaves 42”
 Wire size 13/8”
 Centre pin dia. 10”
 Clevis bar pin dia 5”

3) MUD HANDLING EQUIPMENT

Mud is considered to be the blood of the well. Mud system consists of mud mixing, mud
cleaning and agitating. Mud processing and reconditioning.

SOLID CONTROL EQUIPMENT

1. Shale shaker
2. Degasser
3. Desander
4. Desilter
5. Mud agitator
6. Mud guns

Sl.no Descriptio Particle Handling Pump Size Working

n size in capacity in size pressure
micron gpm in psi
1 Shale 250 to Maxi. - 5’x 4′ -
shaker 2000 delivery of
MP
2 Desander 40 to 1500 6 x 8 x13¼″ 12″ 30-35
250 1200rpm
3 Desilter 10 to 40 1500 6 x 8 x13¼″ 4″ 35-45
1200rpm

4) PUMPS

Pump is purely a mechanical device, which raises the energy level of various fluids by
converting the kinetic energy imparted by its prime mover into hydraulic energy
A1100PT (A Series, 1100HP, P- Pump & T—Triplex)
S.N Description Specifications
O
1 Rated in horse power 1100HP at 150RPM
2 Pump size(piston dia.x stroke) 71/2”x10”(10″stroke,singleacting,H)
3 Standard piston size 5″, 51/2″, 6″,61/2″, 7″ & 71/2″
4 Gear ratio 4.48: 1
5 Rated working pressure(delivery) 5000psi
6 Suction pipe diameter 8″
7 Delivery pipe diameter 5”

5) INDEPENDENT ROTARY DRIVE

Model - RT2010D
Where
R- Rotary
T – Transmission
2 – No of speed forward (no of speed 2)
0 – No of speed reverse
10- 1000hp
D-Location of input shaft down

TRANSMISSION

S.NO Input shaft Low gear(O/P Shaft) High gear(O/P Shaft)

1 Input speed 1100rpm 1240rpm 566rpm
2 Gear ratio 1.767:1 1:1.128
3 Rated input IHP 600 1000
4 Stall torque Ft lb 5000 7000

STEP BY STEP PROCEDURES :

1) Site preparation
Site preparation for an oil and gas well, in most instances, looks like any other
construction site. Safety and Health Regulations for Construction are used to
assess safety compliance during this phase of the development of a drilling site.
Once the location for the site has been established, the area is prepared for
drilling, with the following steps
2) Leveling site
The site is leveled (if necessary) with a bulldozer and/or a grader.

3) Preparation
A level pad site, generally 300 feet by 300 feet, will be prepared in
approximately one week, and a drilling rig will then be moved onto the
location. Located under the rig floor is a blowout preventer, a series of
hydraulic valves that secure the wellbore (the hole in the ground created by
the drill) in the event an over-pressure formation is encountered during the
drilling operations.

4) Transporting equipment
Depending on the location of the well, access to the site may require preparation of
a road bed. A site, and its access road, must accommodate a large number of
temporary and semi-permanent structures and tanks, all brought in by truck.

The tasks are:

 Transporting equipment by truck
 Unload at drill site
Transporting equipment by truck
Equipment is loaded on trucks at the previous drill site or storage yard,
Secured and transported to the new drill location.

5) Conductor hole and conductor pipe

This is a largest diameter hole, lined with pipe, also called a starter Hole, variant
in depth e.g. down of tens of feet to a few hundred feet depending on the local
geology.

6) Rigging Up
Rigging up is placing and assembling the various parts of equipment that
make up the rig, and preparing the rig for drilling.

7) Rat-hole
A rat-hole is a hole emanating from the rig floor, then 30 to 35 feet Deep below
the drill floor, lined with casing that projects above the Floor, into which the Kelly
and/or tubular are placed when tubular Hoisting or lowering operations are in
progress.
 This is either done by the portable rig that drills the conductor hole or can be
done by the primary rig after rigging-up.

8) Mouse-hole
A mouse-hole is a shallow bore hole under the rig floor, usually lined with pipe, in
which joints of drill pipe are temporarily placed. This is either done by the
portable rig that drills the conductor hole or can be done by the drilling rig after
rigging-up.

9) Drilling
Worker safety awareness is necessary for injury prevention during all
phases of drilling operations. Procedures and processes will include safety
meetings and general and task- specific training. At the end of each card,
resources are identified which provide more details for establishing safe
work practices and procedures.

About PSDO
PSDO is a 3044m development well in the pasarlapudi region of KG basin, Rajahmundry
asset. The well was of 4 casing policy. The well is directional with ‘L’ shape .

Drill pipe used:

Size: 5”

PPF: 19.5

Tool joint outer diameter: 6 5/8”

Grade: G

Casing policy

Hole Size Depth Size Weight & No. of Float Shoe

grade joints collar
26” 408 20” 133 ppf 32 _ 403
J-55
17.5” 1258 13 3/8” 68 ppf 107 1230 1254
N-80
12.25” 2198 9 5/8” 47 ppf 180 2164 2190/2047
P-110

Observation during OJT

 Drilling
 Logging
 Production testing
 Rig dismantling, transporting and assembling

Shift progress report

8 Dec to 24 Dec (Duty period)

When we reached at the site we come to know that the drill strings was stuck up in the
well. Stuck up happened around three weeks earlier, before when we reached at the site.
So many methods applied to rectify it. We pressurized the well and applied acid job but
nothing worked out.

On the day when we reached at the site, schlumberger’s tool was running in. The tool was
collide tool. According to the plan, the tool which we was lowered was supposed to give a
shot/blast so that it could rupture the drill strings and remaining part can be taken out by
fishing operation. But unfortunately, even before reaching to the position where it was
supposed to be colliding, the string got released and string weight was reduced from 160T
to 80T in the weight indicator. A possible explanation to this is the cycling loading in the
string during the time period when the well was pressurized and checks intermittently.

When the string got released, the tool was taken out and come to know that direction
wells’ instrument like NMDC, UBHO, motor, bit, stabilizer etc. were left in the well.
Instead of taking out those through fishing operation; management decided to keep the
material in the well, cement it and sidetrack. So according to the plan; we did not carry
fishing operation rather cemented the well and started sidetracking the well for further
drilling.
We sidetracked the well successfully and completed the well till target depth.

25 Dec to 7 Jan (Off)

During our off, circulation was done to clean the well. Cementing was done, followed by
logging. During logging CBL-VDL test was conducted. After this, hermetical test was
conducted and production testing begins.

8 Jan to 21 Jan (Duty period)

Production testing was continued when we reached at the site. The tubings were placed
inside the well. Tubing hanger was placed at the top of the tubings followed by Christmas
tree. The well was filled with water and was pressurized but no activity was shown in the
well.

There was some problem in land acquisition. There were some disputes between local
farmers and ONGC regarding the acquisition/leasing contract for acquiring land for drilling
oil and gas wells. Local farmers complained that they have not got their money yet and
they will not let us work till they get their money. So they barricaded the rig and work was
halted. Barricaded stayed till the end.

22 Jan to 4 Feb (off)

During our off, the barricaded was lifted, production testing continued. The water was
removed and the nitrogen gas was pumped. After nitrogen was pumping, the well
becomes active and production was started.

After production, the dismantling of the well was started, mast was lowered and other
components in the rig were started transporting to the new site.

5 Feb to 6 Feb (Duty period)

Rig dismantling was in progress when we reached at the site. The mast was already
lowered and had transported to the new site. The remaining parts like reservoir tanks,
mud pumps, and bottom boxes were transported from old site to new site.

At new site, bottom boxes were placed and supporting beam, cross beam, extension
beam, torque beam and center beam was placed. ‘A’ frame was raised in its position. Leg
joining was in progress.