Zenite® LCP

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13

Zenite® LCP Overview

► LCPs and Zenite LCP

► Zenite LCP Specific Properties
► Products and Roadmap
► UL Considerations
► Comparative Data

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 2

LCP- Lyotropic or Thermotropic

Lyotropic
► Very high melt point (~ 700°C)
> Decomposition temperature
► Processed only in solution
► High intermolecular forces
► DuPont Kevlar®

Thermotropic
► Melting point 200°C to 400°C
► Melt processable
► Weaker intermolecular forces
► Vectra® / Zenite® LCP

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 3

General Attributes of Thermotropic LCP’s

Conventional Liquid Crystal

Semi-Crystalline Resins Polymer Resins

Melt

Stress Even in the melt, LCPs are

aligned in small regions…
like uncooked spaghetti. The
polymer chains further align
and “slip” over each other as
they flow into the runner and
part. Since they are already
oriented when they stop
flowing, there is very little
Solid State heat of fusion (freezing) so
the resins sets up very fast!

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 4

Comparison of Amorphous Polymers
vs. Semi-Crystalline Polymers.
Where do LCP’s fit?
Amorphous Polymers
No sharp melting point /
soften gradually
Random chain orientation in
both solid and melt phase
Do not flow as easily as
semi-crystalline polymers
Fiber glass and/or mineral
reinforcement only slightly
improves HDT
Can give transparent parts
© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13
Semi-Crystalline Polymers
Relatively sharp melting point
Ordered arrangement of molecular
chains and regular recurrence of
crystalline structure only in solid phase
Flow easily above melting point
Reinforcement increases HDT
considerably
Part is usually opaque due to the
crystal structure of semi-crystalline
resin
Zenite® LCP
Liquid Crystal Polymers
Melt over a range of temperature; low
heat of fusion which is about 5-10% of
Semi-Crystalline resins
High chain continuity; extremely
ordered molecular structure in both
melt phase and solid phase
Flow extremely well under shear
above melting point yet tend not to
flash due to fast freeze rate. Will flow
even below “melt point” due to partial
chain melting
Reinforcement reduces anisotropy and
increases HDT
Part is always opaque due to the
crystal structure of LCP
5
Why do Customers use LCP’s?

► Very fast cycle times

► High short-term temperature resistance
► High long-term temperature resistance
‒ RTI up to 240°C
► Dimensional stability (Essentially no moisture absorption)
► Very high flow without propensity to flash
‒ Sections down to 0.15 mm
► Low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (Flow direction esp.)
► Inherently flame resistant…no added flame retardants
‒ Halogen and phosphorous free
► Extremely low out-gassing

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 6

Customer Benefit

Property Benefit
High flow Extreme miniaturization
High thermal resistance Lead-free re-flow soldering
High temperature applications
High dielectric strength at high temperature Thin walls, insulation in high temperature
(200°C) applications
High dimensional stability Very high precision parts
Intrinsically UL94 V-0 No need for halogens, compliance with RoHS,
WEEE
High chemical resistance Higher temperature chemical exposure

Compounding versatility Enables compounding technology to enhance

specific properties
High gas barrier, etc. Low permeation

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 7

Zenite® LCP
Specific Property Summaries

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13

 Zenite® LCP Property Retention vs.
Heat and Time

Impact Strength Tensile Strength

Zenite RTI tends to be in the 220°C to 240°C range when tested. Based on
approximately 50% property retention at ~ 60,000 hrs.

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 9

Melt Point and HDT Comparison
Zenite® LCP

360
Heat Deflection Temperature of 30% GF
340 Melt Point

320
Temperature (ºC)

300

280

260

240

220

200
5000 6000 7000 7700HT

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 10

Mechanical Properties
Anisotropy of LCPs

Properties Most Affected

► Mechanical Gate

► CLTE (coefficient of
165
linear thermal expansion) 180
150
160
► Shrinkage

Tensile Strength [MPa]

140
120
Properties Least Affected 100
► Electrical 80
60 50
► Thermal 40
► Flammability 20
0
► Chemical / barrier Zenite® 6130L
In-flow direction 0.8 mm
Cross-flow direction 0.8 mm
In-flow direction 3.2 mm

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 11

Thinner Walls Improve Strength and
Stiffness Through Greater Orientation

Zenite® 6130 BK010 Zenite® 6130 BK010

Tensile Strength versus Temperature, Tensile Modulus versus Temperature,
ISO 527 ISO 527

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 12

Zenite® LCP Key Features

HDT 1,8 MPa (°C )

6330 6130 5130L 7145L 7130

245°C 268°C 275°C 295°C 310°C

Elongation at Break (%)

7145 7130 6130 5130 6330

0.9% 1.7% 1.8% 3.5% 4.0%

Flex Modulus (GPa)

6330 6130 7130 7145

9.6 GPa 12.0 GPa 13.1 GPa 13.8 GPa

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 13

Products and Roadmap

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13

Typical Fillers Used in Zenite® LCP

► Chopped Glass Fiber

► Milled Glass
► Mineral
► Fluoropolymers
► Carbon Fiber/Carbon Black
► Tougheners

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 15

 Zenite® LCP Product Line Summary

Description Grade Filler Level Additional Attributes

General 6130L 30% glass reinforced, lubricated Standard grade
Purpose 7130 30% glass reinforced High deflection temperature
Improved 6330 30% mineral reinforced Improved surface and toughness
Toughness 5130L 30% glass reinforced, lubricated Very high flow
5145L 45% glass reinforced, lubricated High flow and toughness
Improved Weldline 5145L 45% glass reinforced, lubricated High flow and toughness
Reduced Warpage 7244 40% glass/mineral reinforced Increased flow, high temperature resistance
5244L 40% glass/mineral reinforced, lubricated Increased flow
5145L 45% glass reinforced, lubricated High flow and toughness
ZE55201 50% glass/mineral reinforced Lowest warpage
High Stiffness 7145L 45% glass reinforced, lubricated High deflection temperature
Food Grade FG6330 30% mineral reinforced Improved toughness
Improved Wear & Friction ZE16401 30% mineral reinforced with PTFE Reduced warpage
High Dielectric Constant ZE55205 45% glass/mineral reinforced Physical properties near standard glass grades
High CTI 7223 25% glass/mineral reinforced CTI UL PLC rating of 2 (250 up to 399 volts)
High Flow 5145L 45% glass reinforced, lubricated Improved toughness, low warpage
5130L 30% glass reinforced, lubricated Improved toughness
5115L 15% glass reinforced, lubricated Low Dk, temperature resistance
Improved Temperature 7145L 45% glass reinforced, lubricated High stiffness
Resistance 7130 30% glass reinforced Improved toughness
ZE16130A 30% glass reinforced Improved adhesion (epoxy)
7755 55% glass/mineral reinforced High HDT, low warpage

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 16

Zenite® LCP Resin Attributes… Road Map

Highest Improved Reduced Highest

Temperature Warpage
Resistance
7244
7145L
5244L
7130
ZE55201
6130LX
Temp.
6130L Temp.
Resist Resist
Higher Flow Improved Toughness

7244 Specialty
5145L Epoxy 6330
5130L Adhesion 5130L
5115L ZE16130A 5145L
High Dk
ZE55205

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 17

UL Considerations

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13

Selective “Workhorse” Grades

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 19

UL Insulation Systems
Long Term Aging using Motorette’s to allow
prequalification of resins used as magnet wire
support for motors and transformers.

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13

UL EIS Related Applications

► Coil winding bobbins/inductors/chokes requiring long term

thermal exposure
► Coil winding bobbins/inductor/choke required to sustain Pb-free
SMT soldering
► Motors slot insulation

Value Proposition of Product offering –

► 6130 (L) – standard offer
► 7130 – when 6130 cannot meet temperature requirement
► 5130L/5145L – when higher elongation/weld line strength is
needed

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 21

UL Status –
Insulation Systems by Thermal Class

Grade 130°C 155°C 180°C 200°C 220°C

5130L LZ100 LZ200

5145L LZ100 LZ200

6130(L) LR130 L200(N, JX) L301, RL410 L500(N)

L201 (N) T301 (N)

7130 LZ100 L200(N, JX) RL410 L500(N)

L201 (N),
LZ200

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 22

UL End-Product Standards that Refer
to UL1446 for Product Selection Criteria
(These products need to have pretested EIS at UL ahead of Product testing)

UL1446 Electrical Insulation System

► UL60950-1 Information Technology Equipment

► UL60335-1 Safety of Household & Similar Electrical Appliances
► UL1411 Transformers and Motor Transformers
► UL1585 Class 2&3 Transformers
► UL60065 Audio-, Video- and similar Electronic Apparatus
► UL1004 Electric Motors
► UL508 Industrial Control Equipments
► UL906 Solenoids
► UL429 Electrically Operated Valves
► UL935 Fluorescent Lamp Ballasts

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 23

UL1446 EIS Extension Opportunity

UL1446 Electrical Insulation System

► Other product test standards have the same test process

‒ IEEE 117 Low voltage windings (<1KV) for Automotive
‒ IEC 61857 EIS – Procedure of thermal evaluation – low voltage
(<1KV) – Electrotechnical products
► Product Agencies that also recognize UL1446 (avoid duplicate testing) –
CSA, BSI, JIS, Intertek (but not vice versa)
► New emerging applications
‒ Alternative Energy (Photo Voltaics/Inverters)
‒ Electrical Vehicle

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 24

Knit Line Strength
Relative Resistance to Fracture
Using a Pin Insertion Test

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13

Knit Line Strength

► Using double gated tensile bar and “picture frame” flexural sample

Tensile Mode Flexural Mode

Cut this area for knit line

strength testing

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 26

Comparison Data
Knit Line Strength (Flexural Mode)
0.4mmt Weld Flexural Strength
100 Max
80

60
Min
40

20

0
6130L 5115L 5130L 5145L 5244L

0.4mmt Weld Flexural Max Strain

1.60
1.40
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
6130L 5115L 5130L 5145L 5244L

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 27

Comparison Data
Weld Strength (Tensile Mode)
0.8mmt Weld Flexural Strength
30.0 Max
25.0
20.0
15.0 Min
10.0
5.0
0.0
6130L 5115L 5130L 5145L 5244L

0.8mmt Weld Flexural Max Strain

0.25

0.20

0.15

0.10

0.05

0.00
6130L 5115L 5130L 5145L 5244L

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 28

Blistering

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13

IR Reflow Result

Condition Moisture(%) 240°C 250°C 265°C 280°C

DAM 0.011
Zenite 6130
Wet 0.095

DAM 0.012
Zenite 7130
Wet 0.089

No Problem A little discoloration Discoloration or deformation or

or deformation 1 blistering in 5

Generally better HDT’s result in improved blistering resistance

at the same conditions

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 30

Flow

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13

Comparison Data – 0.2mmt Flow

349°C 5115L 18.9

7225* 18

ZE17235* 16.6

349°C 5130L 15

349°C 5244L 12.9

7130* 11.6

349°C 5145L 11.5

0 5 10 15 20
Flow (mm)
* At recommended processing temperature

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 32

Warpage

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13

Exposure to SMT Temperatures causes
additional Shrinkage especially in Cross Flow
(Normal) Shrinkage

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 34

 Change in Shrinkage

1.8
After Annealing at 250°C, 1 Hr
1.6

1.4 Zenite 6130 L BK010

1.2 Zenite 7145L BK010 Change after Annealing.

% Shrinkage

Increase in differential can lead

1.0 to increased stress
As Molded and warpage
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0
Normal – Parallel Shrinkage Normal – Parallel Shrinkage Increased in Normal – Parallel
after molding after annealing Shrinkage after annealing

Shrinkage during SMT is primarily cross flow which tends to increase and
raise the total stress in the part.

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 35

Warpage

Empirical Data from Several

Resin Families Calculated Warpage

In General, Warpage tends to be non-linear with shrinkage differential and the

stiffer the sample, the less warpage for the same differential shrinkage, eg., 3mm
disks tend to warp less than 0.8mm disks molded from the same resin.

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 36

Warpage – 1.6mm x 100mm

12

DAM 10.29 10.01

10
260C X 5min
7.97 7.85
8
Warpage (mm)

7.28

5.83
6 5.4 5.2
4.6
4 3.76

0
5244L 6130L 5145L 5130L 5115L

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 37

Laser Marking

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13

Laser Marking

Laser Systems Tested

► Nd: YAG at 1.06 micron wavelength (NIR), beam deflection method with 200-500
mm/s writing speed, pulsed (ca 10 ns pulses with repetition rates from 1 kHz to 20
kHz), maximum average power 60 W
► Nd:YAG at 532 nm wavelength (VIS), beam deflection method with
200 mm/s writing speed, pulsed (ca10 ns pulses with repetition rates from 1 kHz
to 20 kHz), maximum average power 10 W
► Excimer laser at 248 nm wavelength (UV, projection method, pulsed, each pulse
with 145 mJ/cm2, 5 pulses exposure
► Excimer laser at 193 nm wavelength (UV), mask projection method, pulsed, each
pulse with 25 mJ/cm2, 3 pulses exposure
Results
Laser Wavelength 6130 BK010 6130 WT010 6130L BK010 7130 BK010 7130 WT010
Pulsed Nd: YAG Laser 1064 nm Visible Visible Visible Visible Visible
Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser 532 nm Not Tested Not Tested Not Tested Visible Visible
Pulsed Excimer Laser 248 nm Hardly Visible Hardly Visible Hardly Visible Hardly Visible Hardly Visible
Pulsed Excimer Laser 193 nm No Effect Visible No Effect No Effect Visible

© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 39

Disclaimer Contact Information
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undertakes no obligation to update it. Because conditions of 8040 Dixie Highway, Florence, KY 41042 USA
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© 2013 Celanese LCP-009 AM 10/13 Zenite® LCP 40