Lesson Plan

Lesson : Organic Compounds : Physical Properties

Aim :

To study the boiling point and solubility of organic compounds.

Learning Outcomes :

At the end of the lesson, students will be able to :

• understand that the physical properties such as the melting point, boiling point
and solubility in water of an organic compound depend on its structure

• compare the physical properties of the different classes of organic

compounds

• explain the high melting points and boiling points of alcohols, acids, amines,
amides and amino acids

• explain the solubility of amino acids and other organic compounds in water.

Assumed prior knowledge :

Students should already be familiar with :

1. the functional groups of organic compounds

2. the concept of hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces.

Underlying Principles

1. Making the invisible, visible.

2. Enabling students to know what to look for.

Differentiation

Questions in the student notes are designed to enable all students to complete the activity.
The pop-up answers are provided for the students to view when they have considered their
responses. Worksheet questions include questions that require recall, understanding and
application of the new concepts learned.

© 2004 Ministry of Education Malaysia. All Rights Reserved. Page 1 of 4

Development of Lesson :

No. Steps Strategy Resources

1 Set Induction.
(Ascertaining prior • Teacher to get students to recall the
knowledge and functional groups of all organic
introducing lesson compounds.
topic for the day). • Teacher to point out lesson objectives of
the day.

2 Student Activity Teacher to go through Activities 1 and 2 • Courseware

with the students.

Activity 1 : Melting and boiling points

Students get to compare the boiling

points of some organic compounds and
relate the difference in boiling points to
the intermolecular forces.

Activity 2 : Solubility

Students get to compare the solubility of

some organic compounds in water and
relate the solubility with hydrogen
bonding.

3 Evaluation • Students to answer questions in the • Worksheet

student worksheet on their own.

4 Extension activity • Students to read up reference materials • References

on their own.

© 2004 Ministry of Education Malaysia. All Rights Reserved. Page 2 of 4

Worksheet Answers

1. Melting and boiling points

1.1 a. van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding.

b. van der Waals forces: (all)

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH, CH3CH2COOCH2CH3, CH3CH2CH2CH2CONH2,

CH3CH2CH2CHO, CH3CH2CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2COCH3,

CH3 COCl Cl

, ,

CH3CH2CH2NH2, CH3CH2CH2CH2CN

Hydrogen bonding:

CH3CH2CH2CH2CONH2 , CH3CH2CH2COOH , CH3CH2CH2NH2

1.2 B and E

1.3 CH3CH2CH2CH3, CH3COCH3, CH3CH2CH2OH, HOCH2CH2OH

1.4 I CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 II CH3CH2CHCH3


III CH3 CH3

CH3  C  CH3

CH3

The degree of branching is III > II > I

Hence the surface area is III < II < I
The strength of the intermolecular van der Waals forces is
III < II < I

1.5 a. (CH3)3N, CH3CH2NHCH3, CH3CH2CH2NH2

b. (CH3)3COH, CH3CHCH2CH3, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH


OH

c. HCOOCH3, CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3COOH

© 2004 Ministry of Education Malaysia. All Rights Reserved. Page 3 of 4

1.6 C

1.7 a. van der Waals forces

b. van der Waals forces

c. Hydrogen bonding

2. Solubility

2.1 CH3CHO, CH3COCH3, CH3CH2OH, CH3CH2NH2, CH3CONH2

2.2 OH

, CH3CH2CH2OH, HOCH2CH2OH

2.3 CH3CHCOOH

NH2

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