Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Vocabulary
for those who
hate spending
too much time
on bullsh*t IELTS books
Kien Tran
Dear Customers and Shareholders,
I have always been impelled to create the product that suits your
educational needs and serve your purposes well enough.
Therefore I really wish this book can offer you the best guidance
you need for your success. Due to limited time and intense work
schedule, my apology for any possible errors.
Kindest regards,
Kien Tran
Preface*
*Introduction
You right now might be wondering why just reading
lazily like what you are doing at this very moment,
without taking any notes, can help you remember all the
fancy academic vocabulary. Is that even possible?
My answer is YES, YES, YES. And I'm not just saying
that. The way it works is extremely simple, yet, not a lot
of folks know about and even if they do, not many of
them will make use of it. I am going to explain to you in
later section of the book. But for now, just keep in mind
that this book WILL make a big change in your life.
Don't tell me you only need English to pass the bullshit
IELTS exam that you will have to pay a fortune for the
fees and not to mention you don't necessarily enjoy
the experience it gives you. You will need English for
the rest of your life, hands down. Until you die. Let's be
honest, 10 years ago, no English was okay. Now, if you
don't speak and write in English properly and
professionally, you will never get ahead of the game. So,
you might notice I mark some words or phrases as RED,
good question, they are words that are informal. You
should NOT use them in formal writing like IELTS.
But feel free to use them in daily conversation or
informal writing. They are very very common. But wait,
isn't this book supposed to be for Academic vocabulary
learning purpose? Oh yeah, I'm glad you mention that. It
IS for academic vocab learning. Just wanna chill a little
bit as this is just a preface section. I'm gonna get more
serious later on and it will, in fact, turn you on as you
will learn big time. So the question is... Are you ready?
Ok dumb question. I know you are 100% ready. LOL.
Let's jump right into it.
Essays
with Kien Tran
Before
After
1.
Naturally and
Repeatedly
Now, I will use academic vocab in REAL LIFE,
naturally and repeatedly. See the word "naturally" and
"repeatedly"? These are vitally important (1) for the (1) Very important
success of learning vocabulary in a short period of
time. Therefore, do not take them lightly (2). HAHA. (2) Take them seriously
Okay, have you noticed what's going on right now?
These two above phrases are the very first two
academic phrases that you are gonna learn. You will
see them every so often (3) as you go through the
(3) from time to time,
book. Why do you have to see them again? often
Remember repetition? It's key. It's vitally important
(1). That's why you will have to see them over and
over again, coupled with (4) new phrases. This will, of (4) beside
course, produce desirable learning outcomes (5) (5) give good results
since you will familiarize yourself (6) with (6) get familiar with
(7) a lot of/many
a myriad of (7) useful vocab that you will finally have
a chance to use in formal writing. In conclusion of this
page, you have already learned seven vitally
important phrases that cannot be taken lightly in
IELTS writing.
You will see more vitally important ones later on
because this is what this book is all about. Just by
reading, you will succeed.
A lot of
a myriad of
*use with prudence, may not be altered in some specific cases
2.
Talking with
Kien Tran
Do you like talking to me?
Hmm... You don't say anything so I take it as a YES. In
this book, it's like you are talking to me. Oh, I'm sorry,
I'm talking to you directly. We will have a chat about
anything you can think of. The environment, food and
beverages, animals, the universe, movies, music, you
name it. This book is interesting, making normal stuff (8) Never done or known
before
academic. An unprecedented (8) book about learning
vocabulary just for you, my friend. I hope you don't (9) expert knowledge in
take it lightly as this is all my expertise (9) dedicated a particular field
to (10) creating the best learning experience so you (10) devote time and
can enjoy and have fun. effort to
This is such a classic essay question, not
unprecedented at all. It's so basic that everyone
wants to take it as an example to illustrate their point (13) prove their point, or
(13) in essay writing. The answer to that question can use as example
be yes or no depending on what view you want to
take. Whether students should wear uniform or not (14) Does not have any
does not have anything to do with (14) our current relation with, does not
lives. Remember our job is to choose a viewpoint and affect
answer that and then move on with life. Nobody
cares so you don't need to worry about any essay
questions from now on. Just answer and that's it. No
right or wrong answer.
Okay, I guess you may have a myriad of ideas in
your mind right now as this is an extremely easy
topic. To me, the answer to that is NO. I don't think
students should wear uniform because
(15) ~lose
1. That will compromise (15) their individuality (16). (16) uniqueness of
character
2. Not every student likes it
3. Uniforms are not usually of good quality (17) (17) ~This shirt is of high
quality = The quality of
this shirt is high
Or I can say YES if I agree if I want to. Either way, I
don't care and neither should you. No one cares if
not “ways”
they wear uniform or not, you can control that. The
same goes for other topics (18), don't be scared, any (18) Other topics as well,
idea is a good idea. The choice is all yours. no difference
Individuality Collectiveness
US, Canada, UK Vietnam, China,
Australia, Europe Japan
4.
Quick Grammar
#1
This is the quick grammar section where I show you
some...of course, quick grammar notes you might
need to bear in mind (19) as they are vitally (19) remember/
important to your success in writing. You cannot take keep in mind
them lightly. You have to familiarize yourself with all
of them because every so often you may make
mistakes that can be detrimental (20) to your IELTS (20) bad, negative
grade.
Remember:
Nobody, no one, somebody, someone, everyone,
everybody, anyone are NOT plural. They are singular.
Therefore, it's must be like
Everyone IS, everyone DOES, everyone takes
Somebody IS, somebody DOES, somebody takeS
Anyone IS, anyone DOES, anyone takeS.
Every animal IS nice, every job IS, every love IS
Don't compromise your grade by not knowing them.
This is so fundamental, vitally important and has a lot
to do with your grades. So now you know it. How
cool!
bad
Detrimental Beneficial
salt, sugar, red Veggies, flaxseeds,
meats fruits
5.
Thinkin' in
English
A By-product
Reading this book can also create a by-product (21). (21) a secondary product
Your primary purpose of reading this book is to grasp
as many vocabulary as you can in your head. But you
also start to think in English more and better. Why?
Because the way I use language, coupled with how
interesting I am, makes it possible (22) for you to do (22) allows/enables
that.
Thinking in English is vitally important and you should
not take it lightly. I know I am overusing these
orange-colored phrases. That's done for a reason and
you already know why. Haha. So please don't ask me
to paraphrase to avoid repetition. Because repetition is, (26) The essense
hands down, the backbone (26) of memorization. The basics
The fundamentals
Tip!
Use "irrespective of" or "regardless of" at the
end to provide more details (on universality)
People can go to the church every Sunday, regardless of
religious background.
Another clear difference, terminologies help show off
your knowledge. Academic vocab help show off your
language skill. IELTS is all about language skill. So I
place more significant emphasis (30) on academic (30) stress, take it
vocab than terminologies. But it's also not wrong if more seriously
you know terminologies. Academic vocab and
terminologies complement (31) each other and (31) support each other
ultimately (32) constitute the strength of your overall
intelligence. (32) at the end
make/be a part of
constitute Hydro and oxygen constitute the water particle
Lack of focus and hard work constitute failure
*use with prudence, may not be altered in some specific cases
7.
Quick Grammar
#2
Previously, you saw I used the phrase "to some
degree" and you've probably seen a lot of people use
"to some extent".
To some extent, to some degree, in some way, at
some point.
What do they even mean? They just simply mean
something is PARTLY true or not always applicable.
Examples:
I agree at some point. (I partly agree)
Learning English is good to some degree (not always
good)
Bear in mind that although there is a word 'some', this
is not an indication of (33) plurality. So please don't (33) it's not an indication
add any 's' at the end of any following word like "to of = it doesn't mean (that)
some extents" or "at some points". That's not
gramatically correct and may compromise your grade
if you don't pay enough attention.
This doesn't mean
This is not an
indication of
*use with prudence, may not be altered in some specific cases
8.
Is Marketing
Good or Bad?
What is your thought on that?
All too often, people think marketing is evil and
deceptive. But that is not necessarily true (34). (34) it's not all true
Marketing links products of value (35) with those who (35) have value
are not aware of its existence (36). Most products (36) know it
you buy on a daily basis (37) are facilitated (38) by a (37) every day
(38) help, assist, support
myriad of marketing activities. And you like these
products. If Apple did not do marketing well, nobody
would buy their products, irrespective of how high
value they are of. Therefore, marketing is not only
good but vitally important and we should not take it
lightly.
(39) without it
Without the existence of (39) marketing, it would be
detrimental to the economy because products would (40) too easy
not match customers' needs. Businesses would suffer (41) lose the opportunity
losses (40) and customers would lose the chance (41)
to improve their life by using these products. We, (42) suggest that
therefore, could imply (42) that the health of any (43) too easy, u know it
economy relies heavily (43) on marketing activities.
(44) understood, viewed
All in all, marketing should be perceived (44) as good if (45) too easy, u know it
not highly beneficial (45). We should do more and
more marketing to facilitate our economy.
daily/day-to-day
on a daily basis
(Sounds more formal, other variations are
"on a regular basis" "on a monthly basis", etc
*use with prudence, may not be altered in some specific cases
Before
Making it formal by
giving it considerable
details and boredom
After
Academic Vocabulary
For Those Who Hate Spending Too Much Time
On Bullsh*t IELTS books
9.
Is Tourism good
or bad?
Okay, let's be honest. This is one of the IELTS essay
question. But don't let the word 'IELTS' fool you. It's
just a simple question, with the brand 'IELTS' attached.
What's your thought on this?
Some might say tourism is not good as he or she has
trouble seeing any economic activities involved. That is
why it is not necessarily true. Tourism is highly
beneficial to the economy, irrespective of its kind. A
country with a high degree of (46) tourism facilitates (46) high level of
economic activities as people are motivated (47) to (47) too easy,
work hard to serve foreigners and make money from but important
catering food (48) and rendering services (49). These
activities are vitally important to create more value to (48) serving food
the society (50) they are being a part of. (49) perform services
(like legal services etc)
(50) too easy,
Just like when you are beautiful, people are more likely but important
to (51) associate with (52) you can greatly benefit (51) has higher chance
from that (53). The same goes for a country, if a to
country is beautiful enough to attract tourists, they will (52) connect with
make money and as they make more money, they can (53) easy but
important
spend and invest the money. Spending and investing
facilitate the growth of a country and that cannot be
taken lightly.
Therefore, even though tourism may not be as highly
beneficial as it appears, it is vitally important for
everyone.
Tip!
"Motivation" or "is motivated to" can be taken
advantage of in IELTS because of its high
cause-effect relationship generated.
If the governments provide free education, students will be get lazy
=> If the governments provide free education, students will NOT BE
MOTIVATED to work hard. By using "motivation"/"be motivated", the cause-
effect relationship appears stronger
10.
Is Watching TV
Good or Bad?
a
What is your thought on that?
By the way, I don't even have a TV. My laptop has
almost everything. The same might go with you. But
should we watch TV?
We, as young students or workers, may only have
maximum two to three hours to watch TV and it's
already a waste. We also don't use TV as much as we
think we do when we were in the store. The 'nice'
salesperson has probably already used his or her savvy (57) very skilful, very good
(57) sales skills to get you buying.
Therefore, it much depends on your age. If you are
young, you shouldn't buy and watch TV. If you are
retired, TV might be of great value for your
entertainment purposes.
a very important
thing
a necessity
Getting up early to exercise is very
important for your health. => Getting up
early is such a necessity for health.
*use with prudence, may not be altered in some specific cases
11.
Academic Habit
I bet if you are at band 6-7, you may have already
recognized many green-colored words I have been
writing. However, recognizing and really knowing are (58) two totally different
two distinct notions (58). You recognize the phrases things
because every so often you might have seen
them somewhere. But that is not an indication of you
having mastered them. To really master them you
need to use them on a daily basis like your daily
language. You need to get into the habit of (59) using (59) make it a habit
them, just like your mother-tongue. That way (60), (60) by doing so
you will not only recognize the words but also truly
understand their meanings and be able to use them
properly.
(61) communicate, make
What I am doing now is to impart (61) the meanings something known
of academic phrases so you will get accustomed to (62) get used to
get familiar with
(62) those naturally and effectively. So now you two
distinct notions of recognizing and really knowing has (63) solved, explained
been unraveled (63). Just remember, when you see a
word, you might not know it, you may just recognize
it. In order to really know it, reading this book is key
and you cannot take it lightly.
get
accustomed
to
LEARNING
learn
12.
Should you
download illegally?
You and I may have downloaded movies, music and
books online without paying a single penny. What it's
called in academic language is copyright infringment
(64), which indicates we are violating the copyright
law. Movies, music and books are called intellectual (64) violate copyright law
(65) Music, movies, books
property (65) and if we use them without the express of others
permission (66) from the creators. We can be fined (66) open permission
and even imprisoned for that.
But don't worry. It would never happen in any period
of time down the road (72). Just a message for you to (72) in the future
consider your morals before you embark on (73) (73) Start to do something
downloading any intellectual property. You might
never get caught. But is it ethically acceptable (74) to (74) Ethical
do? It's all up to you to decide, my friend.
Tip!
Ethically acceptable, professionally
acceptable, economically acceptable,
financially acceptable
You can utilize adverb to give the word "acceptable" more specific and
relevant detail to the essay.
13.
is Global
Warming real?
We hear about global warming on a daily basis. Let's
face it, our comfort has a lot to do with the
temperature. There is sufficient evidence to infer that (75) we should conclude
(75) those living in a country with hot temperature are that
more likely to express anger than those living in cooler
regions. But is global warming a real issue? Surprisingly
enough, some says it is, I bet you do. But many people
do not believe in the concept of global warming. Yes,
believe it or not, a lot of people refuse to believe in
that. They are skeptics (76). It's hard to convince a (76) people who are hard
skeptic. They are not easy to believe in anything. to be convinced
There are many reasons behind the skepticism. It
might be personal experience. You don't believe in
climate change because you don't feel any change yet.
It might be you think news and reports nowadays are
biased (77) so cannot be trusted. It might simply be (77) unfairly prejudiced
you don't care whether or not it's real because you
don't have control anyway.
If I won $1 million dollars, I would buy a car
If I were you, I would marry her.
If you were my puppy, I would love you forever.
Again, these are not real. Therefore, they belong to
type 2. As simple as that. It's safe to say you have
definitely read about conditional sentences (81) it's likely that
somewhere else. If it sounds complex to you, chances
are (81) that book is bullshit. Why? Because it should
have been very easy.
Type 3 is slightly more complicated than type 2, but
still not more than a piece of cake. It implies things
you did in the past and you wish to change it or you
simply regret. For example,
If I had done the homework, I would have aced the
exam. If I had proposed Lady Gaga, I would have
been her husband. If it had rained yesterday, we
couldn't have had a chance to catch a movie.
You mean present and real? Go for type 1.
You mean imaginary stuff? Go for type 2.
You want to change the past? Go for type 3.
Just put in a little practice, you will soon see a
difference in your learning progress.
15.
Hack Your
Writing Idea
There is also a side benefit of reading this book. I'm
not only incorporating useful academic vocab to my
writing, but also actually teaching you some killer tips
you can apply to your IELTS. Here's the tip.
Every writing can involve 'the governments' and 'the
environment'. Whether you get to write about food,
the universe, tourism or puppies, there is always room
for (82) the governments and the environment. (82) easy and you know it
Whenever you are stuck, don't forget the
governments and the environment. Give me any
examples. Should smoking be banned? Okay, too easy.
Another one. Should history course be mandatory (83) required, compulsory
(83)? The governments will decide if it's mandatory or
not. So it involves the governments. The environment
is affected because we can acknowledge (84) the (84) accept, understand
climate change over time and act accordingly (85) for and admit
the future. As can be observed (86), the likelihood that (85) act as a result of
they will appear in your writing is quite high so you something
(86) easy and you know it
can clearly take advantage of (87) them, irrespective (87) use , take chance to
of topics, without compromising the mark. Time is use it
(88) good phrase to know
scarce (88) and this simple hack will save you a great
deal of time wandering around to find ideas.
There are also government agencies (96) from the
U.S. such as the FBI, CIA, IRS, NSA, NASA and so on. (96) specific organizations
They serve their own distinct and specialized functions belong to the governments
(97) do their job
(97). To be able to work there, you need to reach a
certain level (98) of intelligence and expertise because (98) get to a level
the job requirement is excessively demanding (99).
But that doesn't mean you can't if you really want to (99) very tough
because the likelihood of getting a job there is just
slim, not zero. Therefore, if you want to, you should
embark on studying English now because it's definitely
a necessity for your success, irrespective of what field
you are pursuing.
So now you know the governments are not as simple
as it sounds. It's actually much broader than one can
expect (100). (100) than you think
do their jobs
serve their functions
17.
Should you pay
taxes?
Do you like to pay taxes? No, of course. But do you
like to receive social welfare (101)? The answer is
Yes.
But where does social welfare come from? It comes
from your money, and mine as well. Yeah, nothing is
FREE, I know. Taxes are levied (or) imposed (102) on
(102) required, forced to
each and every one of us if we earn income, known as pay
personal income tax. Taxes are also levied on
corporations, known as corporate income tax. There
are also sales taxes (or VAT in Vietnam). It means, we
as customers have to pay extra money as sales tax (or
VAT) when we purchase certain classes of goods
(103) goods and services
and/or services (103) in the marketplace. - they go together like
a couple
Theoretically speaking (104), without the existence of (104) in theory
taxes, we cannot enjoy social welfare such as social
benefits, health care, public transit (105), police, military
& defense, etc. Taxation is a complicated matter (106) (105) public transportation
for ordinary citizens (107) like us. You only need to (106) a complicated thing
understand that the governments impose different tax (107) normal people
rates to different income groups. People with higher
income are imposed with higher tax and vice versa.
Does it make sense to you?
You can avoid tax but do not evade tax. Tax
avoidance (108) is a legal way to reduce tax liability (108) techniques to reduce
tax
(109). Tax evasion (110) is a crime, which means you (109) the amount of tax
don't pay the amount of taxes that you are supposed you have to pay
to pay. (110) Like you hide the
money away to trick the
governments so you pay
buy things
purchase goods or
services
(more details)
18.
How to Review
All these Vocab?
If you have reach this far, then congratulations! You
have learned 110th academic vocab in this book. But
you might be wondering how to better remember all
these?
I'm not excessively demanding but I wish you would
come out and say you are happy 100% with this
book. HAHA. My goal is to maximize customer (114) maximize customer
satisfaction (114). You're satisfied. I'm satisfied. I'm happiness
this phrase is useful
trying to create value to the society and I hope you
can greatly benefit from that. This is definitely an
indication of a healthy relationship (115). (115) good relationship
Believe it or not, my level of enthusiasm heavily relies
on your demand and your love for my products. I love
you for everything you do and say to me. Paper is
scarce. See you next round.
Arbitrary Logical
351352314812309 123456789
is an arbitrary array of is a logical array of
numbers. There is numbers.
absolutely no logic.
19.
Should You
Have Pets?
What an expensive question!
Yet, very entertaining! The first word comes to my
head when it comes to pet is always companionship
(116). Pets like dogs are companion animals, bestowing(116) friendship (commonly
a lot of benefits (117) up on their owners and also associated with pets
causing a myriad of problems. Raising a pet might look (117) offers benefit
easy at first but it actually involves a great deal of (118) important phrase
responsibility (118). But statistically speaking, it seems
people having pets are more likely to be happier than
those who do not. Based on this fact (119), I guess (119) important phrase
you might consider adopting a pet (120) for your (120) buy a pet
own. However, you may need to think twice (121) (121) think carefully
because as I mentioned, coupled with benefits lie (122) fancy phrase
hidden problems (122).
In fact, the good news is following a healthy eating
habit is not as difficult as it sounds. There is a
misconception that eating healthy compromises the
taste, significantly. However, it is not necessarily true
since we get accustomed to the taste over time.
(131) eating plan
Salt and sugar are always the enemies of any healthy (132) very useful phrase
dietary plans (131). Salt increases the risk (132) of a
myriad of diseases, such as high blood pressure. Sugar (133) has a connection with
is linked to (133) heart diseases, obesity and diebetes. (134) put your health in
Too much salt and sugar can put your health in danger
jeopardy (134) and even cause death. Therefore, it is (135) good phrase
vitally important that we need to track our sugar or
salt consumption (135) to ensure it is at the acceptable
levels. (136) good phrase, it means
food that has only 1
Whole food (136), such as vegetables, meats, eggs, ingredient
beans, seeds, milk are favored by nutritional scientists (137) the opposite of whole
food, this is food that has
compared to processed food (137) like canned food, been processed with a
burgers or donuts. Nutrient-dense food like nuts, bunch of ingredients
seeds or herbs are believed to guard against (138) (138) prevent
(139) food that has similar
many diseases. These are also considered meat characteristics as meat
alternatives (139) because of the richness in protein.
(140) shop for groceries
All in all, healthy eating is the backbone of a good life. (141) common phrase
Whenever you do the grocery shopping (140), don't
forget to read food labels (141)
processed whole
food food
food that are processed fish, meat, fruits,
with tons of other veggies. They are
ingredients whole food. No other
ingredients.
Before
Making it formal by
giving it considerable
details and boredom
After
Academic Vocabulary
For Those Who Hate Spending Too Much Time
On Bullsh*t IELTS books
I'm
watching
you :-|
21.
Globalization
is Worth it!
What do you think about globalization? You might
have heard enough about all the great things of
globalization. But there's lousy aspects as well, more on
that later. This topic will focus on why globalization is
worth it. (150) encourage, ~develop
First, globalization has a lot to do with
(142) different cultures
promoting (150) cultural intermingling (142). That is, mix together
people from different parts of the world mingle (143) (143) mix together
together, creating what it's called, cultural diversity (144) a range of different
culture
(144). Thanks to (145) globalization, we can live in a (145) ~because of
society where anyone of us can have opportunities to globalization
learn more about other cultures without traveling
aboard. By mingling with one another, we tend to
tolerate each other's differences (146) and thereby (146) accept differences
form an egalitarian society (147) where all people are (147) a society where all
people are treated equally
treated equally.
Also of importance, globalization faciliates
communication worldwide, thereby increasing the
flows of information. This helps businesses operate in a
much efficient manner as they are fed with timely (148) make informed
information to make less arbitrary decisions (148). decisions
In addition, globalization facilitates competition
between countries and as a result reduces prices.
Needless to say, lower prices greatly benefit
(149) Academic phrase
consumers including us. Low-income people (149) implying 'poor people'
will finally have access to goods and services that
would not have been available to them without the
existence of globalization.
Tip!
"promote" is a good cause-effect verb and so
should be used more extensively in IELTS
22.
Globalization in
The Eyes
of Opponents
Although the benefits of globalization appear very
pronounced (150), not everyone agrees globalization (150) big, serious,
offers net positive benefit (151). In the eyes of impactful
opponents, globalization can also be fraught with (151) benefits greater than
disadvantages
pitfalls (152). (152) full of disadvantages
First, a number of developed countries have witnessed
job loss oversea (153), also known as offshore (153) useful phrase
outsourcing (154). This real phenomenon can be (154) same meaning as 153
(155) a big difference
explained by looking at the wide discrepancy (155) in
wages between developed and developing nations.
For example, corporations like Apple have shifted
millions of jobs oversea in an attempt to (156) reduce (156) in hopes of, in trying
costs of production, making millions of American to
workers suffer.
Opponents also believe globalization largely
contributes (157) to income inequality (158), whereby (157) ~cause (not exact
meaning but yeah)
the rich get much richer and the poor can't get (158) big difference in
ahead. This discrepancy in income poses many income between different
potential problems (160) to the economy. A myriad of classes of society
(160) create problems
policies have been carried out to narrow the gap (159)(159) make the gap
but they do not seem to work as well as expected less wide
thus far.
Globalization can also pose problems (160) like
spreading infectious diseases (161) as traveling is now (161) good phrase to know
a lot more frequent than before. In addition,
corporations have opportunities to get around rules
(162) bend rules, try to
and regulations (162) as they can choose which not follow the rules in a
countries to operate in. (not enough paper to write thelegal way
conclusion. HAHA)
Tip!
"contribute to" is a good cause-effect verb and
so should be used more extensively in IELTS.
Contribution to + noun or V-ing. Be careful!
23.
Relax!!!
Maybe the last 21 22 have been too serious to you?
HAHA. For beginners, it might be an issue. For hard-
core learners, it might be a big turn-on. Either way,
you don't have to digest those vocab at once. Just
relax. This book is yours and you can read as many
times as you wish. Because your success heavily relies
on repetition.
A high degree of repetition will make a difference in
your proficiency in using those vocab. A high degree
of repetition will make everything possible. A high
degree of repetition is not as easy as it sounds. A high
degree of repetition bestows a myriad of benefits
upon you. A high degree of repetition implants firmly
all the toughest vocab into your head with ease. A
high degree of repetition is mandatory. A high degree
of repetition is not a complicated matter, but it is a
serious matter. A high degree of repetition offers a
myriad of ideal solutions to successful essay writing. A
high degree of repetition acknowledge the fact that
practice is key and is vitally important and is not
supposed to be taken lightly. A high degree of
repetition involves a great deal of responsibility. When
it comes to a high degree of repetition, even skeptics
acknowledge its usefulness. When it comes to a high
degree of repetition, you have just reviewed a myriad
of vocab like right now in almost no time.
All what I can tell you is, relax. Don't get stressed too
much just yet. Because... MORE ARE COMING!!!
24.
Quick Grammar
#4
Welcome back to Quick Grammar section, whereby
you can get your grammar fixed before you embark
yourself on real IELTS exam. Here's the fix.
Always use the short form of relative clause if you're
able to.
For example.
The boy who stands in front of me is gay => this is
not wrong but doesn't sound very good
You should instead use the short form.
=>The boy standing in front of me is gay.
The girl who I likes just got married
=> The girl I likes just got married
It doesn't seem like a big change but think about it
though. Very complex and long essays are packed
with (163) information while they are expected to
remain concise. If you don't use short form, there will
be a myriad of unnecessary redundancy.
It should be acknowledged that capital punishment is
very cost-effective (173) as the governments don't (173) low cost but effective
have to provide food and 'accommodation' to
criminals for the rest of their lives in prison. Also very
imperative is the fact that capital punishment proves
the law system is strong enough to deter crimes. That
way, innocent citizens like us can feel safe walking
around the city at night without worrying we are
surrounded by a myriad of imminent threats (174) that (174) threats that are
could happen any moment. about to happen
Whether capital punishment should or should not
remain legal depends heavily on the view of a
particular society. However, it's safe to say the
governments need to strike a balance (172) in order (172) balance yeo
to ensure that illegal activities are detered in ways that
the society would accept.
26.
Drug Legalization
Whether drugs should be legalized remains a highly
controversial issue. Do you think drug legalization will
offer net positive benefit if it comes into play (173)? (173) come into effect
come into action
It should be acknowledged that drug trafficking (174) (174) drug trade
is one of the most lucrative underground businesses (178) illegal businesses
that make a lot of money
(178) in the world. Best of all, drug traffickers don't
have to pay a single penny of taxes to the
governments. How amazing! Therefore, it becomes (175)
clear (175) if drug legalization comes into play, the
governments could collect a huge amount of money in
tax revenue.
But what's in it for us? Drug legalization would also be
fraught with pitfalls. People under the influence of
drugs, especially certain substances involving
psychoactive drugs (176), are significantly more likely (176) drugs that affect
the mind
to commit crimes as they lack capacity to control their
behavior. Obviously, drug consumption is linked to
crime rates so this cannot be taken lightly.
Another inevitable pitfall of drug is that it decreases
work productivity in the long run. Drug consumption
will inevitably leads to drug addiction (177). Once (177)
addicted, without the consumption of drugs, the addict
cannot work and think properly as usual.
How the governments can strike the balance between
benefits and drawbacks has remained a long-debated
topic. Time will tell if drug legalization results in net
positive benefit to the society as a whole.
it is clear that
Try to minimize the
use of "that" to reduce
redundancy
27.
Mainstream
Media
Mainstream media (178) and alternative media (179) (178) traditional and
are both media but in two different forms. More on offcial media
alternative media later, this topic will focus your as we've seen on TV or
attention on mainstream media. official news companies
(179) media that don't
come from official sources
We are fed with the information (180) from various
sources on a daily basis. One of the major source is (180) provided with the
info
mainstream media including traditional television or
news. VnExpress, DanTri, Kenh14, and VTV are prime
(181) a very good example
examples (181) of mainstream media. Yes, they feed
readers and audience with a great deal of information
about events happening around us. Nevertheless,
whether the information is highly credible (182), (182) very trustful
reflecting the true reality, remains questionable in the
eyes of many media skeptics, myself included.
Skeptics never trust anything, I know. But the media
nowadays is highly manipulative (183). Mainstream (183) have the intention
to control your thoughts
media is able to control the sentiments (184) of the (184) the positive or
entire society by disseminating information (185) it negative view about any-
crafts for various hidden purposes. In any societies, thing
(185) spread or distribute
whoever controls the media, which also means the information
controls the information, has the most power. In other
words, news providing companies are more powerful
than one can expect. You may be laughing at your
Chinese fellows as they are controlled by the
government-owned media. But look at us, look at all
sorts of people around us. Aren't we thinking and
acting basically the same way?
(186) don't easily believe
Therefore, one should keep a skeptical mindset (186) in anything
as when it comes to information from mainstream
media, it's likely not free of bias.
Manipulating
info
(to influence
public perception) Disseminating
Collecting info
info (communicate
(from sources) the info to the
public)
28.
Alternative
Media?
Alternative media does not come from any official
sources and usually does not have high operating
budget like mainstream media. In Vietnam, it's hard to
find any pure alternative media since the media is
controlled by the governments. Different viewpoints
may result in prosecution by the governments. One
wouldn't dare to express his or her thoughts that
challenge the goverments' point of view (187) (187) disagree
In numerous developed nations, alternative media
appears much more prevalent. Many of them are
committed to catering news (191) that reflects the (191) providing news
truth since many people have lost faith (188) in the (188) Don't trust anymore
credibility of mainstream media. Alternative media
exists to narrow the gap between the truth and the
fake one, supposedly told by mainstream media.
As mentioned, alternative media is not funded by the
governments, therefore it has to find funding sources (189) money sources to
fund businesses
(189) from corporations, mostly in the sponsorship
form, wherein corporations can display their brand
names whenever the news is broadcasting (190). (190) broadcasting news
to everybody
- good phrase
But that doesn't mean alternative media is completely
free of bias. They can formulate fake news (194) as (194) create fake news
(195) follow their purpose
well to control the society's sentiments to serve their
purpose (195) just like mainstream media.
All in all, it's safe to say alternative media has less bias
than the mainstream counterpart (192) since many of (192) one
them are committed to revealing the truth to engage (193) main purpose
audience as their primary purpose (193).
29.
Extraterrestrial
Life 1
Do you believe in life beyond our solar system?
Extraterrestrial life (194). Although we haven't had any (194) alien life
(195) very convincing
solid evidence (195) about their existence, many still evidence
believe extraterrestrial life actually exist. Let's discuss
further.
Crop circles are a prime example of these anomalies
that we can actually see by eyes. Although there is not
enough evidence to conclude that crop circles are a
form of extraterrestrial message to us, the precision
and complexity of these crop circles are far beyond (207) We fail to under-
human's comprehension (207). There are hundreds if stand
not thousands of them appearing in crops around the
world and we still don't know why and how.
Now it's your part. Do you think these anomolies are
simply hoaxes (210) created pranksters? Or do you (210) pranks or deceptions
think these actually involve extraterrestrial life forms created by humans to
trick other people
who want to send us a message?
If the latter is true. I think the alien message would be
decoded as 'please study hard to pass the IELTS exam'
HAHAHAHA
Fictitious
fake and not real
Real
authentic, genuine
Before
After
Academic Vocabulary
For Those Who Hate Spending Too Much Time
On Bullsh*t IELTS books
31.
Abortion
This might be a good topic for you. But beware,
abortion is a very controversial topic given the
number of perspectives involved. So what? Let's jump
right in.
Whenever you discuss abortion with anyone, there are
two diverging views (223) you need to know: Pro- (223) two opposite views
life and pro-choice (211). Pro-life people support the (211) pro-life -> support
the life of the unborn
life of the unborn (212), also known as human fetus Pro-choice -> support
(213). They maintain that human fetus has the right to the choices of the mothers
(212) = (213) = the unborn
live just like a human being. Abortion is therefore child
considered malevolent (214) just like murder, which is (214) evil and bad
the key argument (215) of pro-life to propose legal (215) main argument
(216) limit by law against
restrictions against (216) abortion.
There is no exact answer to the question whether or
not abortion is legal or ethical since the arguments
from two sides are both valid to some degree. Pro-
choice favor the right of the living person whereas (221) deeply respect
pro-life uphold the reverence (221) for any human life, (222) good noun to know
including the unborn. Lawmakers (222) will be the
ones who make the final decision regarding the
legality of abortion.
Tip!
Want a quick solution to a problem?
"The governments should
impose legal restrictions against"
This phrase can be used quite extensively
32.
Nuclear Power
Do you feel like I'm getting more and more serious
over time?. From school uniforms to death penalty,
from drug legalization to extraterrestrial life. And now
nuclear power. But aren't those what you paid for?
Sorry, let me rephrase that. Aren't those what you
happily paid for? HAHA.
When it comes to nuclear power, the word 'nuclear'
itself carries some negative connotations (224). Much (224) negative feeling
is due to media portrayals (225). However, in the eyes on a particular idea
of scientists, the word 'nuclear' carries both negative (225) how the media
tells the story and wants
and positive connotations, mainly positive. So it you to believe their ways
appears there are two diverging views regarding the
nuclear power issue.
According to scientists, nuclear power is one of the
most sustainable energy sources (226)in the planet (226) energy sources
that can be used without
that significantly reduces carbon emissions (227), the worring about the future
primary cause (228) of the greenhouse effect. Nuclear (227) the release of carbon
dioxide (CO2) to the envi-
power is believed to be highly beneficial if used for ronment
civilian purposes (229), but highly detrimental if used (228) main cause
for military ones. (229) not for military
purpose
Based on my observation, Western nations are the
ones who use nuclear power primarily for civilian
purposes. Countries like Iran or North Korea are well
known for its use of nuclear power for military (230) the making of
purpose such as nuclear weapon proliferation (230), nuclear weapon
(231) good phrase
posing imminent threats to national security (231).
The risk of radioactive waste (235) to the
environment also needs to be taken into consideration, (232) very bad effects
given the deleterious effects (232) it has on the (233) species (plants or
ecological community (233) inhabiting (234) near the animals)
(234) living
affected regions. (235) nuclear waste
Be careful!
"Deleterious" is not equal "bad" and thereby
cannot substitute "bad" in most cases.
"Deleterious" means harmful and ~deadly
(like a poison)
33.
Even More
Implanting
There have been quite a bunch of vocab so far, don't
a
you think? Some implantation might help out a good
bit.
1. If you and your enemy stay together for a long
time, according to psychology, you and he will finally
tolerate each other's differences and won't hate each
other anymore.
2. Vegetarians don't eat meat, they eat meat
alternatives like nuts or tofu. Restaurants will act
accordingly to cater meat alternatives to vegetarians.
3. We need both exercise and good eating habit. We
should not choose only one because one complements
each other, making us healthy overall. Yin and yang
cannot exist without one another. They complement
each other.
another
4. Many of us uphold the reverence for our religions.
Many of us also uphold the reverence for our partners,
well that's too much. HAHA. Love is enough. But you
get the idea.
5. Vietnamese governments hold legal restrictions
against drug-trafficking activities. You should not be a
drug trafficker just because tax evasion is possible.
6. You can incorporate chicken into salad. But I prefer
incorporating chicken into a soup.
food similar
to meat
meat alternatives
Smartphones & Tablets: Laptop alternatives
Apple map: Google map alternative
=> Have similar functions and can be substituted
Stream of
Conversation
Kien: I'm fine, thank you. And you?
You: HAHA. So funny. So academic!
Kien: Let's talk about abortion. What do you think
about abortion?
You: Abortion is a highly controversial topic as there is
a wide range of parties and religious and cultural
viewpoints involved.
Kien: So how can you categorize those viewpoints?
You: There are two diverging views: Pro-life and pro-
choice. I'm pro-life.
Kien: What is pro-life and what is pro-choice exactly?
You: Pro-life means you set the importance of the life
of the human fetus or the unborn above the choices of
the mother or maternal choices.
Kien: Okay, so I'm pro-choice. Because I value
maternal choices more than the life of the unborn. In
my opinion, they lack the basis of a human being.
Looks like you really uphold the reverence of the
unborn.
(391) very
You: I do. Although there've been many valid good arguments
arguments (391) supporting the reproduction rights of
the mother in both mainstream and alternative media. I
still think any life is vitally important and cannot be
taken lightly.
Kien: Hmm, that makes a lot of sense, too. It still
appears quite malevolent when we think about that.
But if I'm forced to pick only one perspective, I would
still stick with pro-choice.
You: And it's not entirely a bad thing since we have
more fun stuff to discuss.
Kien: Right. What about energy. Tell me what you
know about energy.
You: There are a number of ways to categorize
energy sources. Renewable and non-renewable would
be the two categories that prevail. Non-renewable are
like fossil fuels including oil, natural gas, or coal. In fact,
the process of extracting oil or producing coal is a
very complicated matter.
Kien: Okay, so after extracting enough oil, is it ready to
use for human activities?
You: Nope. Not so fast. You'll have to refine oil.
Refining oil sounds as easy as filtering water. But it
requires the operation of an expensive oil refinery to
transform oil into usable energy like gasoline. Long
story short, refining oil is also a costly and complex
process just like extracting it.
Kien: Sounds not too great, eh?
You: One more thing. According to an estimate, oil will
inevitably run out over the next 30 years. So you'd
better turn off the light before leaving home and so
on.
Kien: Makes sense. If that is the case, all of us need to
consider taking environmental actions to address the
future of non-renewable energies such as oil and gas.
You: Not only you but many nations are deeply
concerned about that too, especially those that are
highly dependent on foreign oil and those that
consume the most oil like the United States. Household
and industrial activities will all be seriously affected if
the supply of oil is disrupted.
Kien: Given the high dependence on oil, switching to a
new sustainable source of energy sounds like an ideal
solution to humanity.
You: Not so fast. There are actually some
misconceptions about renewable energy. So you and I
know that solar and wind energy is free, right?.
However, when you factor in the cost of transforming
intermittent and dilute sunlight and wind into
concentrated energy for human use, it is prohibitively
expensive. Much more expensive than fossil fuels.
Therefore, solar and wind energy are totally not cheap
as one may expect.
Kien: Wait, you just mention 'intermittent' and 'dilute'.
What do they even mean?
You: They're just some technical words when
describing these types of energy. Intermittent simply
means 'discontinuous'. Solar energy is intermittent
because sunlight does not constantly beam to the solar
panels so as to harness the energy. It's also dilute,
meaning it's really thin and weak. For human use, you
need concentrated sources of energy which are
continuous.
Kien: And not prohibitively expensive as well.
You: Yeah sure. And cheap as well.
Kien: So theoretically speaking, solar and wind energy
appear to be of great value but really when it comes
to practice, it's easier said than done.
You: True, that's why fossil fuels like coal, gas and oil
still prevail, at least over the next few decades until all
the oil wells are on the verge of exhausion. In fact, we
cannot wait until then to decide which sources of
energy we are going to use next. A myriad of
international conferences have been held to discuss
this issue. Many ideas proposed are great but the costs
to implement might be of great concern.
Kien: Have you heard about nuclear power? Are they
beneficial or detrimental?
You: Whether it is justifiable to utilize nuclear power
depends heavily on who have the control over the
production process. Would you rather give that control
to countries like Iran or North Korea or to the UK or
Denmark?
Kien: Well, the answer is obvious. If North Korea holds
the control over nuclear power then we'll have to deal
with a myriad of problems associated with national
security.
You: Right, they will obviously use nuclear power for
military rather than civilian purposes by conducting
nuclear weapon proliferation, which poses a
considerable threat to all human life.
Kien: Any other risks associated with the use of
nuclear power?
You: There is also the risk of radioactive waste being
dispersed (392), posing a huge health risk to the (392) distribute/spread
over a wide area
ecological community inhabiting near the area. If
radioactive waste has already been dispersed, we need
to isolate and confine (393) it as quickly as possible to (393) restrict/limit
minimize the deleterious effects it might have on the
regional ecological community.
You: Of course there is. Nuclear power, like many
other things, is a two-edged sword (396). As (396) has both benefits
mentioned, it is only justifiable when it offers a net and drawbacks
positive benefit, where the benefits outweigh the
liabilities. In fact, nuclear power is used to generate
heat very efficiently using different nuclear reactions.
There is no carbon emissions like in the case of fossil
fuels, which is one of the greatest strength of using
nuclear power. All in all, although we may have seen a
myriad of media portrayals on nuclear power rife with (397) ~full of (negative
(397) deleterious effects, especially when it comes to tone)
military, it all depends on who have the control and
what purposes they are serving.
Kien: Energy, energy, energy. It's not as easy and
simple as it appears.
Kien: My position is that globalization is worth it.
You: How so? I don't see it's as really beneficial
overall. Can you explain a little more?
Kien: As far as globalization is concerned, freedom of
trade is promoted. All societies are better off thanks to
the free trade economy. Let's say if there was only
little or no globalization, would you be able to use
clothes or the technologies that the world has to offer
at fair prices? Chances are you cannot. No offense to
North Korea but do you think they are better off by
isolating themselves from the rest of the world?
You: You are making a valid argument when taking the
economic perspective. But I have to say although the
benefits you just pointed out appears quite
pronounced, you should also acknowledge the fact that
globalization are fraught with pitfalls.
Kien: Enlighten me.
You: As a result of globalization, many developed
countries are suffering from prolonged unemployment
due to job loss overseas.
Kien: You're talking about offshore outsourcing?
You: Right, offshore outsourcing happens when there
is a wide discrepancy in wages among countries. Big
corporations will employ someone from overseas
because of cheaper labors. For instance, Apple have
shifted all the production processes to China, causing
thousands of Americans to lose their jobs.
Kien: But on the flip side, Chinese workers are better
off, aren't they?
(399) at the sacrifice of
You: Hmm, sounds true, but at the expense of (399)
others.
Kien: Not necessarily true. My position on that is job
loss is only temporary. Producing iPhones is just a
physical job. If Americans lose their jobs, it will also be
an opportunity for them to find better ones. They will
be motivated to upgrade their skills. through education
and training. For instance, a worker who lost his job will
direct his career to accounting or civil engineering,
which are more on demand for that particular economy.
Chinese workers who lack education can still get
employed by Apple.
You: Okay, but how can you explain income inequality,
supposedly caused by globalization?
Kien: What do you think would be the cause of income
inequality?
You: Highly skilled workers are more greatly benefited
from worldwide opportunities. Let's say if you are a
business owner, you will be able to reach even more
customers worldwide, making you super rich. But if
you're not a business owner, you will risk of losing the
opportunities is much higher.
Kien: You have made a point here. Globalization does
somehow bring tough competition to all workers and
create the gap between the rich and the poor.
You: A myriad of policies have been carried out to
narrow that gap but do not seem to work. An obvious
idea is to impose higher taxes on people with higher
income and less taxes on those with less income. But
given the fact that rich people are backed with an army
of accountants and lawyers, it is not much of a problem
for them to get around the tax system and thereby pay
less than they should be.
Kien: Are you talking about tax avoidance or tax
evasion?
You: I'm talking about tax avoidance. Surely, rich people
are not stupid enough to break the law, they only bend
the law to get away with paying the taxes. Their
prodigious (400) and extremely savvy accountants and
lawyers are paid very well to do just that - reducing (400) very remarkably
the tax liability to minimum. good
Kien: It's such a complicated matter for ordinary people
like us. Even that, I would never find my way to commit
tax evasion because it is a serious crime.
You: That's true. So you should honestly report your
income correctly and completely to the governments.
Otherwise, if you get caught, serious problem will ensue
and you will have to pay a huge penalty, even go to jail.
Kien: Why do we have to pay taxes? What is the
rationale (401) behind that? (401) the logic/reason
behind something
You: The rationale is that you pay taxes to enjoy public
welfare. Somebody has to stand up to build schools,
hospitals, bridges, parks and so on. Somebody has to
keep the city clean and safe. Somebody has to keep the
country secure by spending money on national defense.
Somebody has to provide public transit and health care.
And that somebody I'm talking about is no one but the
governments. Nothing is free including 'free-entrance'
parks. We all have to pay for it through taxes.
Kien: Sounds like you really want to pay more taxes?
You: Of course not. Nobody wants to pay more taxes.
Although paying tax is an obligation, we just need to
pay our fair share and that's it. I don't want to give
money to someone I can't trust. In this case, the
governments.
Kien: Right. I can't trust the governments, either. But be
careful. We might even go to jail if we say that to the
police.
You: How come?
Kien: Because you are bad-mouthing the governments.
Bad-mouthing the governments is against the law or
unlawful. If you live in developed countries like US or
Canada, you can freely speak without worrying about
any legal restrictions. But in Vietnam, China, or North
Korea, you simply cannot do that. Don't ask me why.
Just don't.
You: Okay. Okay. I will shut my mouth.
Kien: Good.
You: And by the way, do you think extraterrestrial life
exists?
Kien: Sorry, what is 'extraterrestrial life' by the way?
You: Simply put, it's life beyond Earth. Alien.
Kien: Oh, I'm convinced that extraterrestrial life does
exist although I have never seen it yet. And I also
believe there isn't any solid evidence indicating its
existence whatsoever.
You: Hmm. To me, I don't think it exists until I actually
see them. I think we, humans, are unique. The Earth has
all the favorable conditions to harbor lives. These cannot
be easily found anywhere else beyone Earth. Therefore,
the odd of we finding it is astronomical.
Kien: But if you factor in the number of stars and
galaxies, there is a very high chance that it exists.
You: It might be as long as the life span of human race
is long enough to discover with aliens, given vast
distances between stars and galaxies. So in the mean
time, again one way to satiate our curiosity is just an
old traditional way, watching sci-fi movies.
Kien: I do watch sci-fi movies on a regular basis. I don't
know why but I'm so captivated with all the trailers and
the like. Movie marketing campaigns seem to work on
me. What is your thought on marketing?
You could now continue this conversation yourself ;)
Before
Make the cause effect
appear more formal
use "given that" to
acknowledge the
preexisting fact, making
the argument more
valid and objective
Give examples of
global warming to
make the sentence
more valid and specific
List out extra affected
parties
After
Academic Vocabulary
For Those Who Hate Spending Too Much Time
On Bullsh*t IELTS books
34.
Religions 1
Although the likelihood that you will see religious
topics in IELTS writing is rather slim, knowing some
useful relevant phrases may help you out a good bit. (236) religions
Just remember this topic is all about belief systems
(236).
When you subscribe to a belief system, you are also
imparted with ethical and moral codes (241). For (241) Ethical set of
example, you cannot intentionally harm other people. rules that you
have to follow
You have to help the needy (242) when you have the (242) poor people
opportunity and such. Some people are considered
(243) people who dont
themselves atheists (243), which indicates their believe in God
disbelief in the existence of God and the like. If you
believe in God or some higher consciousness (244), (244) general phrase
to refer to God
you are definitely not an atheist.
Irrespective of religion you are subscribing to,
(245) perform various
freedom to practice religion (245) is what you want. religious activities in
In North America, freedom to practice religion is highly real life
respected by both societies and laws.
God
higher consciousness
(sounds better)
35.
Religions 2
1. Do you uphold the reverence for God or any higher
counsciousness? If you do, it's likely you are
subscribing to a religion. If you don't, you probably are
an atheist.
2. Do you support freedom to practice religion? Or
you want a certain level of legal restrictions on
practicing religions? If you lean towards to latter, it's
likely you want religious practitioners (246) to (246) people who practice
perform their rituals in a reasonable manner (247), not religions
affecting the rest of society. (247) not overdoing
something that might
affect other people
3. Do you think cultural intermingling helps promote
the freedom to practice religion? I believe it does.
Thanks to cultural intermingling and globalization, the
society tends to embrace (248) cultural and religious (248) support
diversity.
4. Do you think religion has anything to do with the
extraterrestrial life? Some theorists believe higher
consciousness like God has come into contact with the
aliens.
5. Do you think subscribing to a religion offer you a
net positive benefit? Or do you think atheism is a
more realistic view?
6. Do you think performing religious rituals has a net
positive benefit? Given that it would take a great deal
of time and effort.
Irrespective of what you think, what really matters is
that you have learned a ton of vocabulary.
LOL. And that's what I really care about.
Tip!
The word "reasonable" is highly valued in
academic writing. Use more if needed.
in a reasonable manner
have a reasonable dietary plan
produce a reasonable amount of nuclear power
36.
The Future
of Oil
Okay, I'm not talking about cooking oils like olive oil or
vegetable oil. So no food, sorry. LOL! This topic will be
about oil as a form of energy.
Oil or crude oil is a non-renewable energy resource
(249) taken
extracted (249) by drilling a very long hole (250) the process of
underground, known as oil drilling (250). It sounds drilling a hole to extract
pretty simple but oil drilling or oil extraction is actually oil
a very long and complicated process. After that it's still
not the end of the story. Oil has to be refined (251) by (251) transform oil
an oil refinery (252) into gasoline or diesel fuel so they into gasoline or fuels
can be consumed by humans. Refining oil is a long, (252) a plant refining oil
complicated and costly process, too. Just to remind
you there is an oil refinery by the name of Dung Quat
in Quang Ngai, Vietnam.
Because oil is non-renewable, it will inevitably run out
over the next 30 years according to an estimate. In
fact, numerous nations are deeply concerned about the
future of oil as most of their household and industrial
activities consume oil or oil products. In other words,
they are highly dependent on oil, particularly foreign (253) a place underground
containing lots of oil
oil. Even foreign oil wells (253) are on the verge of (254) very close to
(254) exhaustion. Therefore, many countries need to
take environmental actions (255) to address the future (255) good phrase
of oil. Switching to a new sustainable source of energy
sounds like an ideal solution, but easier said than done.
I will discuss some misconceptions on renewable
sources of energy like wind and solar in a later section.
They are not as effective as one may expect.
Tip!
Take actions? Want more specific?
Take environmental actions
Take medical actions
Take legal actions
Take governmental actions
37.
Should Professors
Dress
Formally?
What do you think? In most cases, the answer is Yes.
However in reality, dress codes for professors vary
from one discipline to another (256). For example, (256) are not the same
enginneering professors tend to dress casually (257) from one to another
while law professors tend to dress very formally. It
seems clothing styles are closely related to what field
a professor is in.
But why do law or business professors have to
comply with (258) such a strict dress code policy (258) follow/abide by
(259) the policy on
(259)? Well, it has a lot to do with meeting the how you should dress
professional standards (260). Psychologically speaking,
the way a you groom yourself implies a lot about your (260) good phrase
credibility, respectfulness and intelligence. As a result, it
will change how other people receive the message
you convey (261). Not saying engineering professors (261) what you say
are not credible, but law and business ones rely heavily
on the establishment of credibility in order to get their
business done. They also want influence the perception (262) make others think
(262) of others on their professions. The more
respected their professions are, the more salary they
can earn.
In conclusion, dress codes among different professions
do not show a consistent trend (263). Some (263) similar
professors need to establish high credibility to get
their jobs done while some are more flexible in terms
of dress codes.
are different
in terms of ...
Vary in
Cameras are different in terms of price and function
=> Cameras vary (greatly) in price and function
38.
Wind and Solar
Energy?
So I bet you've heard a myriad of essayists screaming
about using wind and solar energy instead of fossil
fuels. Yes, they're free, cleaner, and abundant. But do
you know why the hell wind and solar energy still do
not prevail (264)? (264) Dominate/become
more powerful and
popular
Although sunlight and wind are free, the process of
turning them into usable energy is prohibitively (265) really expensive
expensive (265). Yes, the cost of oil extraction
is supposed to be high, but it is still nothing compared
to the cost of processing sunlight and wind. In fact,
solar energy and wind are very intermittent (266) and (266) discontinuous
(267) weak and thin, not
dilute (267). Just remember whenever you have an concentrated
essay about renewable energy, 'intermittent' and
'dilute' are the terms that best describe these energy
sources and thereby showcase your knowledge.
Solar and wind energy are intermittent or
discontinuous. Unlike oil or gas, they cannot be stored.
Therefore, no sun or no wind simply means the flows
of energy are disrupted (268), which means all human (268) interrupt with
problem
activities are also seriously disrupted.
Solar and wind energy are dilute or weak. For solar
one, you need to use many large solar panels (269) (269) the equipments
and a lot of other materials to harness enough energy that you see them placed
on the rooftop to collect
(270) to make it useful. sunlight
intermittent continuous
39.
Sex
Education
Sex education is perhaps one of the most sensitive
topics in school.
Thus in reality, the number of students getting access
to formal sex education varies from school to
school. Most schools only cover topics up to puberty
(271) in their curriculum, so in many cases parents (271) day. thi`
have to fill in the rest. If that is not the case (279), (279) if that doesn't
happen
chances are students have to figure out by themselves,
which may supposedly lead to the distortion in
perception about sex.
If students are lucky enough, they will get to learn
about things like reproductive processes (272), (272) the process of
giving birth
reproductive organs (273), the different consequences (273) body parts that are
of engaging in sexual activities (280), abstinence related to the process of
(274) as one of the most effective forms of birth giving birth
(274) say 'NO' to easy sex
control (275), the acceptance of sexual orientation (280) good phrase
(276), common STDs (277) and so on. (275) used to prevent
pregnancy
(276) boy, girl or gay?
Sex education still remains a controversial issue as it (277) sexually transmitted
has caused quite a variety of responses (281) among diseases
(281) good phrase
families. It should be acknowledged, however, that
having a parental conversation (278) with the children (278) a conversation
about sex is also not a preferable choice for most of the parents with the
children
families. Therefore, the rise of formal sex education
would be an ideal solution but only if complete (282) complete
unanimity on (282) this issue comes into play. aggreement
If that does
not apply
If that is not the case
40.
Sex
Education 2
Do you ever have a parental conversation about sex?
If you do, lucky you.
Does your high school have complete unanimity about
sex education? If it does, there is 100% agreement
and the sex curriculum should be updated. If that's not
the case, then you should figure out by yourself.
HAHA. Shame on you.
AIDS is probably the best-known STDs.
There are a myriad of birth control methods such as
birth control pills, condom, and abstinence. They all
serve the purpose of preventing unintended
pregnancies.
Do you think sex education will have a net positive
benefit on promoting healthy relationships? If you do,
then most likely you are right because it is thought to
give you the correct perception on sex.
Towards/against
If you hold no prejudices of gay or lesbian, then you
have high acceptance of sexual orientation.
Tremendous details
formal cause effect
(live up to expectation
of)
include timing
(foreseeable future)
include purpose (for
daily use)
Include proper
adjectives
Use noun phrases
(intermittency and
dilution)
After
Academic Vocabulary
For Those Who Hate Spending Too Much Time
On Bullsh*t IELTS books
41.
Quick Review 1
Slow down, my friends. Implanting this huge amount
of vocab into your head is certainly not the easiest
thing in the world. We need to review on a regular
basis just so you can exercise the repetitive aspect of
this book. But no fret, reviewing is not as boring as it
sounds. On the contrary, it's actually a lot of fun!
1. When lawyers give advice to their clients, they are
(????) service
=> the answer is "rendering" => rendering service(s)
2. When there are a myriad of cultures within a small
town, this is called cultural (????)
=> The answer is "diversity" => cultural diversity
3. Another words for "poor people?"
=> Low-income people
4. $5000 for a car seems reasonable. But $500,000
for a car is (????)
=> Prohibitively expensive
5. What causes us to have different views about a
celebrity?
=> The media portrayals
6. Name two types of media?
=> Mainstream and alternative media
7. When it comes to abortion, you are pro-life, I am
pro-choice. We have two (????) views
=> Two diverging views
very expensive
prohibitively
expensive
42.
Quick Review 2
8. A general phrase to indicate animals and plants living
in an area?
=> Ecological community
9. What caused by nuclear plants has deleterious
impacts on ecological community?
=> Radioactive waste
10. Another words for 'the unborn'
=> human fetus
11. People who trade drug?
=> Drug traffickers
12. Eating a lot of vegetables and fruits can help your
body (????) against cancer
=> Guard against cancer
13. When two different cultures are friendly with each
other, they (????) each other's differences
=> Tolerate
14. What might be the result of globalization?
Cultural (????)
=> Cultural intermingling
15. A society when everyone is treated fairly and
equally?
=> Egalitarian society
16. Having pets have more benefits than problems
=> Net positive benefit
Tip!
Net benefit = Benefits - costs
Net income = revenues - expenses
Benefits = 10
Costs = (-9)
=> Net benefit = 1.
43.
Quick Grammar
#5
Here is one of the most popular mistakes made by
even many IELTS teachers. HAHA. No kidding. But it's
true. They still can't distinguish between (19) remember/
keep in mind
On the contrary vs. In contrast
Let's look at some examples.
This food is not bad. On the contrary, it's excellent
I don't hate you. On the contrary, I love you
This book is not expensive. On the contrary, it's cheap
This food is delicious to me. However, in contrast,
many people think it's not.
Most of the time you will use In contrast in your
essay, not on the contrary. Why? Because on the
contrary is used to emphasize the claim whereas In
contrast is used to compare/contrast between two
ideas or two opinions.
44.
Free Universal
Health Care
Did you know that Canada is one of the most
generous countries in the world when it comes to
health care? This obviously gets its neighbor
downstairs-the U.S. jealous because health care
expenses are known to be astronomically high. Given
that, Canadians do not have to pay out of their pocket
a darn penny for any medical procedures (283). So (283) series of medical
actions to take care of
who bears the burden (284)? The federal government. patients
(284) good phrase
Free universal health care coverage also comes at a (290) has a disadvantage
(288) regime ~ system
cost (290). This publicly-funded health care regime (285) check your health
(288) is also clearly very expensive to maintain. The (286) check your health
governments will pay the bill for all check-ups (285), even more
(287) some sort of
exams (286) and operations (287). In addition, due to surgeons
the ease of accessibility (289), Canadian hospitals are (289) easy to access
notoriously overcrowded at times. Over the past
couple of years, some governments would like to scale (291) reduce
back (291) their scope of coverage (292) to make (292) the extent of service
covered
room for (293) the privatization of hospitals and clinics (293) good phrase
(294). This means that Canadians would no longer (294) medical center
have free access to some supplementary coverages (295) non-essential
services
(295) such as dental cares, eye exams, and any (296) considered (but
operation deemed (296)"non-essential". stronger than considered)
Any negative changes in the current publicly-funded
health care regime would inevitably cause widespread (297) good phrase
public disagreement (297) as people have taken it for
granted for a long time. Therefore, it would be a
challenge for politicians to openly discuss the issue (298) good phrase
(298).
Tip!
A medical procedure =
Check-ups => exams => operations
(Quick check => Thorough check => Action)
45.
Free Universal
Health Care 2
Do you know why the U.S. do not offer its citizens
publicly-funded health care coverage like Canada?
Well, I think the obvious reason is that free health care
coverage for more than 300 million people is
prohibitively expensive and the U.S. governments don't
want to bear the burden to pay for all the medical
procedures.
What could be a temporary solution for that? Health
insurance. By paying for health insurance coverage, the
burden and the risk are spreaded across all Americans
at lowest possible costs. Each citizen will pay a small
amount of money called insurance premium (299) to (299) the money you
the insurance company, say, every month. The large pay for the insurance
company (periodically)
sum of money collected will then be used by the
insurance company pay for the medical bills (300) for (300) medical expenses
those who actually need medical assistance (301). (301) good phrase
However, it still remains a temporary solution because
not all Americans can get covered (302) by any health (302) protected by
insurance plans. For those who are not covered, they insurance
are at the highest risk (303) if the medical bills come. (303) good phrase
(304) cannot
In fact, there have been so many cases of Americans
declaring bankrupcy because they are unable (304) to
pay their medical expenses. When Americans go to the
hospital, the first question they are asked is "what level
of service would you like?". When Canadians go to the
hospital, the first question they are asked is "What is
your medical situation?
Tip!
Adjective + assistance (to be more specific)
=> medical assistance, financial assistance,
academic assistance, physical assistance,
mental assistance, etc.
46.
Freedom of
Speech
Do you prefer living in a country where information
(305) limited
and ideas are restricted (305) or liberated (306). (306) freed/unlimited
Statistically speaking, countries like China or Vietnam
are among the lowest when it comes to freedom of
speech. But I dare not openly discuss this issue further
as that may lead to my imprisonment.
When you live in a country ranked the highest in terms
of freedom of speech, there is almost no constraints (307) limits
(307) on the flows of information or ideas. The
governments are not supposed to go after you for
your criticisms against them. If you say something bad
about your leader, let's say, you are not imprisoned or
sentenced to death. In fact, people are even
encouraged to criticize the leaders if they are not
doing the right things. Why? Because criticisms make
him a more competent leader. In countries like China,
leaders are God and they never make mistakes. They're
always right. Therefore, anyone disagreeing can be
subject to capital punishment.
(308) spying, close
Internet censorship, monitoring and surveillance (308) observation, monitoring
are the norm (311) in China. Every bit of information is (311) something very
under the surveillance of the governments. Why? Their usual
logic is that they want to keep the peace of the region.
Americans are bad people. America is the enemy.
Sounds familiar to you? (312) keep back
(309) good phrase
Well, I think the governments cannot withhold the (310) always growing
information (312) forever. One day, the truth will be
exposed (309) to everyone, given the ever-growing
(310) flows of information these days.
restricted
>.<
liberated
\:D/
47.
Talking with
Kien Tran
If you ever mention mainstream media and alternative
media in your essays, you know what, the examiners
are gonna love you for that. Because it's a clear
indication of higher level of critical thinking.
Distinguishing between the two notions are vitally
important and should not be taken lightly as they have
substantial impacts on how you perceive a fact or an
opinion. When I write an IELTS essay, my focus will be
on showing knowledge and thinking, not just English.
Why? Isn't that the ultimate indication of English
proficiency?
Applying English in acquiring knowledge.
You can do the same or even better by changing your
mindset just a little bit. It's not as hard as it sounds. Just
keep in mind that your acquisition of vocabulary is not
for the purpose of showcasing how many vocab you
know, but how many smart vocab you know. Smart
vocab are usually originated from long in-depth
research (313) and ongoing debates by smart people. I
tend to steal some vocab from social psychology
textbooks or some science journals as they are so (313) good phrase
well-established and highly credible.
So open the books and expand your horizons (314)
right now, guys!
(314) expand your
experience and
knowledge
Be careful!
You may not want to use "expand horizons"
in IELTS writing because it's already been
played out.
48.
The Media
and the Freedom
of Speech
Yo. Let's face it. There is a strong link between (315)
the media and freedom of speech as most ideas and (315) strong connection
information are transmitted (316) from one place to
another through the media, either mainstream or (316) send out/pass
alternative.
Most media in Vietnam are government-controlled,
especially the mainstream media. With the involvement
of the governments, there is never a guarantee that (322) good phrase
(322) the information is portrayed entirely accurately.
On the contrary, it is highly manipulative to the point
that even many Vietnamese people do not seem to
wholly trust any info or announcements disseminated
(317) by the governments. (317) distributed or spread
the info
Information other than that is also strictly under
surveillance or censored if needed. Bad-mouthing
(318) the governments are sometimes considered (318) speak something
unlawful (319). Criticizing or complaining about the bad about someone
(319) not legal
leaders is usually done with extra caution. So where is
the freedom?
The wealth of a nation and the degree of freedom of
speech have been long proved (323) positively (323) good phrase
correlated (320). With any restrictions in the flows of (320) go hand in hand
with one another
ideas and information, corruptions and poverty (321) Happen as a result
certainly ensue (321). of something
happens as a
result
ensues
49.
Stereotype
If you are lucky enough to have a chance to use the
word 'stereotype' in the IELTS exam, you will be killing
it.
"All Asians are good at math" is a typical stereotype
about Asians. "All Chinese people are bad" is a typical
stereotype about Chinese people that many
Vietnamese people have. "All Americans are
enterprising" is probably a prime example of
stereotype about Americans. "Women are weak" is
quite a gender stereotype. Basically, stereotype is a
shortcut that helps our minds form a general image
representing a certain group of people. When we see a
Canadian, for example, we quickly realize that he or she
is very friendly and so we treat him or her differently
than when we see a Chinese.
As can be observed, stereotype has both advantages
and disadvantages. The good thing about stereotype is
that we know what to expect and what to watch out
for from a social group. The bad thing about
stereotype is that your preconceived perceptions (323) views on somethings
before having evidence
(323) oftentimes do not truly represent the reality (324) reflect the reality
(324). Of course, it is safe to say not all Chinese people
are bad many are exceptionally good (325); not all (325) very good
Americans are enterprising, many are horribly dumb.
Not all Asians are good at math and so on.
And it is also safe to say if you have a chance to utilize
the concept stereotype for the sake of your argument,
do not miss it.
Tip!
Stereotype is a form of bias,
which is sensitive
to compromising objectivity
50.
Social Loafing
Social loafing (326) refers to the concept that people (326) lazy because of
are prone to (327) exert less effort on (328) a task if working in team
they are in a group versus when they work alone. (327) tend to
(328) spend less effort
Teamwork has been long proved to be essential when
it comes to getting a massive task done by pooling (329) puting everything
together
(329) the skills and talents of people within the team
Without teamwork, we could not be able to build
things like bridges and skyscrapers. That said (330),
(330) however
social loafing comes into play every time teamwork is
involved. Put simply, people often get lazy when they
work in a team than individually.
Teamwork activities in college all too often do not
work as well as expected due to social loafing. In fact, (331) frustrate
many students express their frustration towards
(331) teamwork because other team members refuse
to contribute. It's not they are bad people, it's social
loafing that makes them exert less effort than they
otherwise would, making the team leader bear the
burden.
Group size and social loafing are positively correlated.
The larger the group, the more serious social loafing
becomes. Let's imagine you work for a team of 3 and
for a team of 300. In which team would you exert
more effort on doing the job? Clearly, the one with 3
people.
Whenever you see a topic about teamwork, social
loafing is a vitally important concept to support your
point.
however
That said,
Having said that
(not a perfect substitution
but is still okay)
Before
Use Compromise to
indicate the gain-lose
relationship
Make the cause effect
appear more formal
use "given that" to
acknowledge the
preexisting fact, making
the argument more
valid and objective
After
Academic Vocabulary
For Those Who Hate Spending Too Much Time
On Bullsh*t IELTS books
51.
Food Stamp
Food stamps (332) refer to any nutrition assistance (332) Nutrition assistance
program
programs, usually from the governments, to help
purchase healthy food for low or no-income groups
of people. If you are on the verge of poverty, you
may be eligible for (333) food stamps. HAHA. Just (333) qualify for
kidding, I know you're rich.
Because food stamps programs give people free
money in the form of credit card to buy their food,
many people are prone to abuse them. Instead of
purchasing healthy food, they choose to buy junk food
or energy drinks, making the program deviate from its (337) lose its focus
core purpose (337)
In order for the food stamps to run properly, more
regulations are needed. That said, the cost of hiring
personnel to enforce healthy eating would not justify
the benefits, making food stamps remain a
controversial topic.
Tip!
"Deviate from its core purpose" is one of the
universal phrases.
The word "Deviate" manifests itself in Statistics and Probability in the form of
"standard deviation". It simply means "move away from" or "depart from".
The whole phrase means "move away from its focus" or "lose focus"
The governments lose their focus => The governments deviate from their
core purpose.
52.
Identity Theft
Identity theft refers to any behavior of acquiring and
collecting others' personal information for criminal
purposes. Identity theft is usually done to gain financial
advantage (338) from the victims.
(338) take money
Protecting your personal information using layers of
data protection is vitally important and should not be
taken lightly given the fact that credit card theft has
become very rampant (339) recently. Many people (339) spreading,
including me express a high level of frustration popular (in a bad way)
towards this issue since they lose their money out of
thin air from time to time.
(340) you should
If it is ever the case to you, you are asked to (340) (341) start to
take steps (341) to mitigate the damage (342) by (342) minimize the
reporting the theft to your financial institutions (343). damage
(343) banks
They will also take steps to investigate these
fraudulent activities (344) and perhaps even reimburse (344) illegal activities
(345) give you back the
your losses (345). lost money
Because identity theft is very rampant, one is asked to
actively prevent it from happening (346) by (346) good phrase
establishing several layers of protection rather than
waiting until it happens. Prevention will definitely
(347) reduce the chance
reduce the exposure to the risk (347) of of being at risk
these fraudulent activities and bring peace to your
mind.
Just remember that many bad guys are out there ready
to gain financial advantage from you by engaging in
various fraudulent activities.
Tip!
Banks --> Financial institutions
Schools --> Educational institutions
University/College --> Post-secondary
institutions
53.
Customer
Profiling
In the digital age, information has become one of the
most crucial factors in the pursuit of (348) (348) in pursuing
competitive advantage (349). In fact, many companies (349) advantage that
express their desperate need (350) for relevant makes you better than
information to generate more sales (351). One your competitors
(350) extreme need
common practice that many, especially retailers, apply (351) make more sales
is customer profiling. What is customer profiling?
Customer profiling refers to any activities that collect,
store and process customer's information or behavior
in an attempt to tailor (352) promotional programs that (352) customize (to fit a
fit with each specific customer profile. For example, the specific situation)
way you walk down the aisle, pick up a product or
purchase a product in a retail store can be monitored
for profiling purposes. Over time, that retail store will
have sufficient information to suggest you the
products you most likely like.
YouTube, Facebook, or Amazon follow the same
practice of customer profiling. They track our behavior
and analyze it to tailor their promotional program or
products to be suggested. It's clear customer profiling
helps generate more sales for corporations and also
suggest relevant goods or services to customers. That
said, monitoring and tracking customers to build
customer profile raise a question of ethics (353). A (353) good phrase
myriad of customers do not wish to provide too much
information to other parties. Yet, in most cases, the
profiling is done without the knowledge of (354) the (354) good phrase
customers.
Tip!
"Raise a question of______" is an excellent
phrase to use in Sentence (14)*
*will be discussed at the Strategy for Writing
section
54.
Sweatshops
You are taking in a myriad of real fancy words for
IELTS. Words that score you points. One of them is
"sweatshops". What are sweatshops?
There have been many protests against the practice of
operating sweatshops to reduce production costs,
especially in the case of iPhone factory in China. Apple
engaged in offshore oursourcing, shifting millions of
factory jobs to China because of much lower labor
costs. Chinese workers are paid unfairly low wages for
long hours under poor working conditions, causing
widespread public disagreement on a global scale (357) ~globally => good
(357). In fact, a myriad of customers who are aware of phrase to give better
this business practice refuse to purchase any Apple detail on scale
products while it is actually beneficial for them because
sweatshops help many people afford products at lower
prices.
Would you purchase products from companies
engaging in sweatshops? It is clear one can buy
products with much lower price but of course at the
expense of millions of poor workers.
Be careful!
"Rampant" is not equal "popular".
Rampant violence, rampant inflation
(getting out of control, widespread)
55.
Minimum
Wage
I know you have heard quite a lot about the minimum
wage issue. Many people are complaining about the
fact that their wages are just or even not enough for
them to make ends meet given the high price level.
Because wage hikes are also fraught with pitfalls. It is
clear the entity that bears the burden of a wage hike is
corporations. By paying workers higher wages, two
things will inevitably happen. One is that the burden will
be passed onto consumers, making them pay for the
increased production costs caused by wage hikes. This
will leads to inflation. Second is that businesses will
have to cut expenses by laying off workers, thereby
creating unemployment. Businesses will only pay the
increased wages to high-skilled workers, making
lower-skilled ones at the highest risk of joblessness.
Clearly the benefits and drawbacks of wage hikes are
not always cut and dry (364) as one may expect. (364) clear
poor people
people on the verge of poverty
OR
low-income people
56.
Heuristics
God. I love this word so bad. "Heuristics" If you ever
have a chance to use this word in IELTS writing, please
do. Basically, this is a technical term in social
psychology. Heuristics (365) simply mean mental (365) mental shortcuts
in our brain that help
shortcuts, playing a crucial role in problem-solving and us make quick everyday
decision-making. Simply put, you make a myriad of decision
decisions and solve a myriad of problems everyday
without spending time doing in-depth research. How
could you do that? Heuristics.
You tend to believe right away air traveling is more
dangerous than driving because you've seen a lot of
air crashes on the media more than anything else. That
belief is quick but not necessarily true. That belief is
quickly formed by a mental shortcut or a heuristic. You
believe in that because there is a shortcut that helps
you, which in this case is due to the media. But if you
spend time doing research, you will see that air
traveling is significantly safer than driving. Therefore,
heuristics may help you to make decisions when you
have little or no time but these decisions may be
fraught with errors.
You may even engage in behaving altruistically to a
stranger because you expect he or she may give you
something in return in the future. That's called
reciprocal altruism (375). 'Reciprocal' means mutual or (375) mutual altruism
in return. It's not actually bad at all. Because many
people believe if they help other people more, that will
increase the odd (376) of them being helped by (376) increase the chance
someone else. Simply put, you do good things because
you believe good things will happen to you someday.
So whether it is kinship altruism or reciprocal altruism,
altruistic behavior should always be upheld by all
societies.
Reciprocal
58.
Generic
Engineering
Generic engineering refers to the alteration (377) or (377) change (replace)
direct intervention (378) of a generic structure in (378) ~interfere with
order to improve the existing genes. The definition is
pretty confusing, right? Simply put, generic engineering
is the process of changing or modifying genes.
Generic engineering is considered a very controversial
topic. Supporters believe that it holds many
(379) have future
promises (379) for humanity since we could now cure advantages
many deseases that we otherwise could not. This pro- (380) way of thinking
science school of thought (380) encourages medical (381) good phrase
(382) good phrase
advances (381) for fighting illnesses (382) given (383) the weakness
human frailty (383) facing with the brutality of nature. of human (compared to
In the eyes of proponents, generic engineering is the nature)
(384) the evidence/
manifestation of (384) human evolution and we should display of
not question it.
Opponents, on the other hand, consider generic
engineering an unethical and unnatural way of curing
deceases. They believe direct intervention in genes will (385) unexpected results
lead to the unknown consequences (385) in future
human development. Any attempt to resist natural
processes can come at a great cost for generations to
come.
The question on whether generic engineering offers
net positive benefits to humanity seems to early get
satisfactorily answered. Your job is to incorporate
these arguments into your IELTS writing *LOL*
have bad effects
come at a cost
59.
Same-sex
Marriage
Politicians and activists worldwide are fighting over
whether or not same-sex marriage should be
legalized. What is your position on this issue?
Supporters believe the legalization of same-sex
marriage bestows many benefits upon both the
couples themselves and the society as a whole.
Marriage would provide gay couples with both
physical and psychological benefits as they are certain
of their positions. This would also reduce the divorce
rates by a substantial amount (387) due to reduced (387) significantly
distress among couples.
Opponents reason that same-sex marrige is immoral
and unnatural, thus harming the institution of marriage (388) the establishment of
(388) as an union of man and woman established marriage (by tradition)
throughout the history of human race. In addition,
infertility (389) would not enable homosexual couples (389) inability to give
to live up to (390) the sacred institution of marrige, birth
thereby destroying the whole purposes of being a (390) fulfil
married couple.
What do you think?
Tip!
Sometimes you can use "by a substantial
amount" rather than "substantially" or
"significantly" to make your sentence more
natural
Strategy For Writing
no one ever told you
Time and Energy are scarce
2552 = 14
2552 = 14
Structure 2552 = 14
The 6 no brainer
=> Scientists from all over the world should strike a balance
between seeking extraterrestrial life and maintaining the
safety of humanity in the long run.
Favoring maternal choices over the rights to live of the
unborn will further increase the abortion rate which is
already high and thereby put the health of the mothers
themselves in jeopardy as they will have a greater incentive
to exercise the abortion option more often.
=> Cause-effect and make your argument more valid.
After
Academic Vocabulary
For Those Who Hate Spending Too Much Time
On Bullsh*t IELTS books
Vocab list
1. Vitally important 37. on a daily basis
2. Do not take them lightly 38. facilitate
3. Every so often 39. without the existence of
4. Coupled with 40. suffer losses
5. Produce desirable outcomes 41. Lose a chance to
6. Familiarize yourself 42. Imply
7. A myriad of 43. Relies heaviliy on
8. Unprecedented 44. be perceived as
9. Expertise 45. highly beneficial
10. Dedicated to V-ing 46. a high degree of
11. Simplify 47. be motivated to
12. Utilize 48. Catering food
13. Illustrate the point 49. Rendering services
14. Have to do with 50. Create value to the society
15. Compromise 51. Are more likely to
16. Individuality 52. Associate with
17. Of good quality 53. Greatly benefit from that
18. The same goes for 54. Has been around
19. Bear in mind 55.A necessity
20. Detrimental 56. Today fast-paced life
21. Create a by-product 57. Savvy
22. Make it possible 58. Two distinct notions
23. As easy as it sounds 59. Get into the habit of
24. Underlying principles 60. That way,
25. That also explains 61. to impart
26. Backbone 62. Get accustomed to
27. To some degree 63. unraveled
28. Constitute 64. Copyright infringement
29. Irrespective of 65. intellectual property
30. Place significant emphasis on 66. Express permission
31. Complement 67. It's safe to say that
32. Ultimately 68. the likelihood is very slim
33. is an indication of 69. ethical issues
34. That's not necessarily true 70. As a result
35. of value 71. Inevitably
36. Aware of its existence 72. Down the road
Vocab list
73. Embark on 108. Tax avoidance
74. Ethically acceptable 109. Tax liability
75. There is sufficient evidence to 110. Tax evasion
infer that 111. Recommend against
76. skeptics/skepticism 112. Arbitrary
77. Biased 113. Implant firmly
78. a real phenomenon 114. Maximize customer satisfaction
79. Closely related 115. healthy relationship
80. incorporate into 116. companionship
81. Chances are 117. Bestow a lot of benefits up on
82. There is always room for 118. Involve a great deal of responsibility
83. Mandatory 119. Based on this fact
84. Acknowledge 120. Adopt a pet
85. Act accordingly 121. Think twice
86. As can be observed 122. Coupled with benefits lie hidden
87. Take advantage of problems
88. Time is scarce 123. pet accessories
89. When it comes to 124. Also of importance
90. government bodies 125. Hygienic care
91. Administer 126. dog grooming service
92. A variety of 127. Ideal solution
93. Economic and societal activities 128. Pose potential risks
94. Municipal 129. Love and affection
95. Carry out different policies 130. Playful personalities
96. Government agencies 131. Dietary plan
97. Serve their functions 132. Increase the risk of (disease)
98. Reach a certain level of 133. is linked to (disease)
99. Excessively demanding 134. Put your health in jeopardy
100. Than one can expect 135. Sugar consumption
101. Social welfare 136. Whole food
102. levied (imposed) 137. processed food
103. Goods and services 138. Guard against
104. Theoretically speaking 139. Meat alternatives
105. public transit 140. Do the grocery shopping
106. a complicated matter 141. Read food labels
107. Ordinary citizens
Vocab list
142. Cultural intermingling 177. drug addtiction
143. Mingle 178. lucrative underground businesses
144. Cultural diversity 178. Mainstream media
145. Thanks to 179. Alternative media
146. Tolerate each other's differences 180. Feed the information
147. Egalitarian society 181. a prime example
148. Make less arbitrary decisions 182. Highly credible
149. Low-income people 183. highly manipulative
150. Pronounced 184. The sentiments
151. Net prositive (negative) benefits 185. Disseminate information
152. Are fraught with pitfalls 186. keep a skeptical mindset
153. Job loss oversea 187. Challenge the view
154. Offshore outsourcing 188. Lose faith in
155. The wide discrepancy 189. funding sources
156. In an attempt to 190. broadcast news
157. Largely contributes to 191. Cater news
158. Income inequality 192. counterpart
159. Narrow the gap 193. Primary purpose
160. Pose problems 194. Formulate fake news
161. Spread infectious diseases 194. Extraterrestrial life
162. Get around rules and regulations 195 Solid evidence
163. are packed with 195. serve the purpose
164. Imperative 196. Take into consideration
165. the commitment of crimes 197. Extraterrestrial civilizations
166. capital punishment 198. Exoplanets
167. remain a highly controversial topic 199. favorable conditions
168. benevolent 200. Harbor lives
169. an unethical way to 201. Brief life-span (of the human race)
170. the costs to implement 202. a strong believer in
171. prohibitively high 203. Satiate curiosity
172. strike a balance 204. anomalies
173. cost-effective 205. decipher
173. Comes into play 206. conspiracy theorists
174. imminent threats 207. far beyone human's comprehension
174. drug trafficking 208. Come into contact
175. It becomes clear 209. Fictitious
176. psychoactive drugs 210. Hoaxes
Vocab list
211. Pro-life and pro-choice 247. in a reasonable manner
.
212. the unborn 248. Embrace
213. human fetus 249. extract
214. malevolent 250. oil driling
215. the key argument 251. refine
216. legal restrictions against 252. oil refinery
217. the reproduction rights 253. oil wells
218. - 254. on the verge of
219. unintended pregnancies 255. take environmental actions
220. maternal choices 256. vary from one discipline to another
221. uphold the reverence 257. dress casually
222. lawmakers 258. comply with
223. two diverging views 259. dress code policy
224. carries some negative connotations 260. meet the professional standards
225. media portrayals 261. convey a message
226. most sustainable energy sources 262. influence the perception of
227. carbon emissions 263. Show a consistent trend
228. the primary cause 264. prevail
229. For civilian purpose 265. prohibitively expensive
230. Nuclear weapon proliferation 266. intermittent
231. National security 267. dilute
232. deleterious effects 268. disrupt (an activity)
233. ecological community 269. solar panels
234. inhabit 270. harness enough energy
235. radioactive waste 271. puberty
236. beilef systems 272. reproductive processes
237. Subscribing to a religion 273. reproductive organs
238. perform a ritual 274. abstinence
239. religious law 275. birth control
240. maintain a healthy mental state 276. sexual orientation
241. ethical and moral codes 277. common STDs
242. the needy 278. a parental converation
243. an atheist 279. if that is not the case
244. higher consciousness 280. engaging in sexual activities
245. practice religion 281. caused quite a variety of responses
246. religious practitioners 282. complete unanimity on
283. on a global scale
Vocab list
284. bears the burden . 321. certainly ensue
285. check-ups 322. stereotype
286. exams 323. preconceived perceptions
287. operations 324. truly represent the reality
288. publicly-funded health care regime 325. exceptionally good
289. The ease of accessibility 326. social loafing
290. Come at a cost 327. are prone to
291. scale back 328. exert less effort on
292. scope of coverage 329. pooling
293. make room for 330. That said
294. clinics 331. express frustration towards
295. supplementary coverages 332. food stamps
296. deem 333. eligible for
297. cause widespread public disagreement 334. earning a living wage
298. openly discuss the issue 335. assist them financially
299. insurance premium 336. a certain threshold
300. medical bills 337. deviate from its core purpose
301. medical assistance 338. gain financial advantage
302. covered 339. rampant
303. at the highest risk 340. you are asked to
304. unable to 341. take steps to
305. restricted 342. mitigate the damage
306. liberated 343. financial institutions
307. constraints 344. fraudulent activities
308. surveillance 345. reimburse the losses
309. the truth will be exposed 346. prevent it from happening
310. ever-growing 347. the exposure to the risk
311. the norm 348. in the pursuit of
312. withhold the information 349. competitive advantage
313. in-depth research 350. desperate need
314. expand your horizons 351. generate more sales
315. there is a strong link between 352. tailor
316. transmit 353. raise a question of ethics
317. disseminate 354. without the knowledge of
318. bad-mouthing 355. sweatshops
319. unlawful 356. poor working conditions
320. positively correlated 356. on the global scale
Vocab list
.
357. on a global scale
358. wage hike
359. standard of living
360. purchasing power
361. necessities of life
362. Stimulate consumption
363. injecting more money to the econ
364. cut and dry
365. heuristics
366. focusing mentally on
367. prevalent
368. altruism
369. prosocial behavior
370. making charitable donations
371. social and political causes
372. behaving altruistically
373. selfless concern
374. kinship altruism
375. reciprocal altruism
376. increase the odd of
377. alteration
378. direct intervention
379. hold many promises
380. school of thought
381. medical advances
382. fighting illnesses
383. human frailty
384. the manifestation of
385. unknown consequences
386. homosexual couples
387. by a substantial amount
388. the institution of marriage
389. infertility
390. to live up to