Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
HYDRONUS
On 14:41 By MechGuru's
Tweet
=> σ= F
A
Where.,
R = radius of the piston rod,
σ = stress,
A = area of the piston head.
But, A = πR2
This means that 20.4 tones is that 20.4 tones is the last limit of our piston rod. But our
aim is to design the hydraulic cylinder which can easily with stand with 3 to 5 tones.
Pressure = Force
Area
=> Force = 5 tonnes
We know,
1tonnes = 1000 kg
=> force = 5000 kg.
Again, we know
1 kg force = 9.81N
Force = 9.81 x 5000N
Since the internal dia meter of the barrel is 40 mm as per design. Now we have to
calculate the outer diameter of the barrel.
Inner radius = r1 = Di = 40 = 20 mm
2 2
i.e.
Also,
=> σr = b - a
(ri)2
=> b - a = 100
(20)2
σr at inner radius is equal to 100 N/mm2
=> 2b = 510
(20)2
and,
=> σr = 102000 - 115
r2
Now the barrel was must be strong enough to absorve all the stress such that the stress at
the outer surface of the barrel must be zero.
i.e.
=> σr = o (at radious ro)
Where,
a = side of outer square
b = side of inner square
let a = 80 mm & b = 70 mm
Therefore wall thickness of channel
=> t = a-b = 80-70 = 10 mm
2 2 2 2
=> t = 5mm
= 32.7 N/mm2
= 32.7 MPa
Since the above calculated stress is very much less than the ultimate tensile stress of mild
steel SA36 i.e. 407.7 MPa so our design is within the safe unit.
5.6 STRESS CALCULATION AT WEAKER POINT OF CHANNEL
In order to level the inner side of the hydnuos base, a cut should be given to inner face of
hydronus so that the flange of the vertical cylinder should set in the cut. This cut is
necessity because if the cut is not given the flange of the vertical hydraulic cylinder
remains outside the base & this leads to improper placement of the hydronus in the door.
The depth of the cut in the base & this leads to improper placement of the hydronus in the
door. The depth of the cut in the base from the inner side should be equal to the overall
thickness of the flange.
Due to this cut given to the base, a weaker section immerge due to reduction in
area our which load of o5 tonnes acts consider the following figure.
Since a cut of 20 mm is given therefore area on which full load will act will be as under:-
Therefore area of shaded portion
A = 80 x 60 - 70 x 55
=> A = 950 mm2
Also,
Stress = Force
Area
Force = 5 tonne
we know,
1 Tonne = 1000 KG
1 Kg = 9.81 N
LH = t1 + t2 + t3 + t4 + Stock
=> LH = 10 + 25 + 30 + 10 + 250
=> LH = 325 mm
Where
t1 = thickness of the end cap
t2 = thickness of the bush
t3 = thickness of the cylinder head
t4 = thickness of the top tap inside the cylinder head
=> LV = t1 + t2 + t3 + t4 + Stock
=> LV = 10 + 25 + 30 + 10 + 120 = 195 mm
=> LV = 195mm
=> LH = 325 mm
Where
t1 = thickness of the end cap
t2 = thickness of the bush
t3 = thickness of the cylinder head
t4 = thickness of the top tap inside the cylinder head
=> VN = π (dH)2 x SH
4
Where,
VN = Stock volume of horizontal cylinder.
dH = Inner diameter of Horizontal cylinder
SH = Stock length of horizontal cylinder
dH = 40 mm
Sh = 350 mm
VH = π (40)2 x 350 mm
4
= II x 5,60,000 mm3
4
= 439822.97 mm2
= 4.398 x 10-4 MS
We know1
1 L = 1 dm3
And
=> (1 dm)3 = (10 cm)3
=> 1 L = 1000 cm3
=> ( 1 cm )3 = { 1 m }3
100
=> 1 L = 1000 x 1 M3
(100)3
=> 1 L = 1000 M3
1000000
Let,
VV = stock volume for vertical cylinder
dv = inner diameter of vertical cylinder
SV = stock length of vertical cylinder
=> VV = π (dv)2 x sv
4
Here,
dV = 40 mm
VV = π (40)2 x 120 mm
4
VV = π x 192000
4
VV = 150796.44 MM3
We know
1 mm3 = ( 1 )3 M3
1000
VV = 1.50796 x 10-4 M3
We know,
1 m3 = 1000 L
VV = 1.50796 x 10-4 x 1000 L
VV = 0.150796 L
Or,
=> VV = 150.796 mL
=> VV = 151 mL
Therefore the net amount of oil required to drive both hydraulic cylinder is.
VNet = VH + VS
= (445 + 155) mL
= 595 mL
VNet = 600 mL approx.
= 3.53 x 10-4 m3
=> 1M3 = 1000 L
=> VV = 3.55 x 104 x 1000 L
=> VV = 0.35342 L
Or,
=> VV = 353.42 ML
=> VV = 354 ML approx.
V = VH + VV + VP + VR
Where,
VR = Reserve oil in tank
= 1000 ml for being in safe unit.
=> V = 440 + 155 + 354 + 1000
=> V = 1949 ml
=> V = 2L approx.
• www.festo.com This site is a good free source for information about the
calculations and designing of cylinder & pumps.
Books Considered :
• Strength of materials By Dr. Sadhu Singh, Art. 12.9 Beam Column, pg. 566.