SingleRAN WiMAX LTE Network Impact Report (V100R001C00 - Draft A) 20110805 A 1.0

SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE
V100R001C00
Network Impact Report
Issue Draft A
Date 2011-07-15
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2011. All rights reserved.
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Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd
SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE V100R001C00
Network Impact Report About This Document
About This Document
Purpose
This document describes impacts of SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE V100R001C00 on DBS3900
WiMAX V300R003C01. It helps you prepare for future network upgrades.
This document is for reference only. It will be updated with product development, and some
descriptions are subject to the document delivered with the product.
Intended Audience
This document is intended for:
 Network planning engineers
 System engineers
 Network operators
Change History
Issue Draft A (2011-07-15)
This is the draft A release.
Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

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Network Impact Report Contents
Contents
1 Introduction to SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE................................................................................1

1.1 Background Information....................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Overview............................................................................................................................................................1
2 Network Impacts...........................................................................................................................6
2.1 Hardware............................................................................................................................................................6
2.2 Versions of Related Products.............................................................................................................................8
2.3 License...............................................................................................................................................................8
2.4 Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................8
2.4.1 Inter-NE Interfaces...................................................................................................................................8
2.4.2 Man-Machine Interfaces...........................................................................................................................8
2.5 Operation and Maintenance...............................................................................................................................9
3 Impacts on Network Performance............................................................................................12

3.1 Frame Synchronization over the Air Interface.................................................................................................12
3.2 Frequency Refarming......................................................................................................................................14
3.3 Impacts on Network Performance...................................................................................................................15
3.3.1 Network Coverage..................................................................................................................................15
3.3.2 Network Capability.................................................................................................................................16
3.3.3 Impact on Other NEs..............................................................................................................................16
A Acronyms and Abbreviations....................................................................................................17
Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

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SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE V100R001C00 Introduction to SingleRAN WiMAX-LTEIntroduction to
Network Impact Report SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE
1 Introduction to SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE
1.1 Background Information

SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE helps you smoothly evolve a Worldwide Interoperability for
Microwave Access (WiMAX) network into a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network.
Software is upgraded without hardware replacement during evolution from a WiMAX
network to a WiMAX-LTE network and then to an LTE network. As a result, maintenance
personnel maintain a system without climbing a tower.
SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE is developed based on Huawei DBS3900. Currently, only
RRU3232s and RRU3702s support smooth evolution into an LTE network.
1.2 Overview
In SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE V100R001C00, the WiMAX BS and E-UTRAN NodeB
(eNodeB) share the same baseband unit (BBU).
Network Architecture
Figure a.1 shows the SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE network.
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Figure a.1 SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE network
Table 1.1 describes SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE network elements (NEs).
Table 1.1 SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE NEs

NE Description
Base station Provides high-quality wireless broadband access services for

terminals.
NOTE
A SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE base station consists of a WiMAX BS and
an eNodeB that are logically independent from each other.
Access service network Provides wireless access services for the connectivity service
gateway (ASN-GW) network (CSN) of a WiMAX network service provider (NSP).
NOTE
Each ASN-GW is connected to one ASN and multiple CSNs.
Mobility management Provides the following functions on the LTE signaling plane:
entity (MME)  Paging message distribution
 Security control
 Mobility management in idle mode
 System architecture evolution (SAE) bearer control
 Non-access stratum (NAS) signaling ciphering and integrity
protection
Serving gateway (S- Provides the following functions in the eNodeB:
GW)/packet data network  Termination of user plane packets generated for paging
gateway (PDN GW)
 User plane switchover based on UE mobility

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NE Description
Home subscriber server Functions as the core database of the eNodeB, and stores the
(HSS) following UE information:
 Basic UE identity (ID)
 Security information
 Routing information
 Service subscription information
M2000 Provides the following functions as an element management
system (EMS) in SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE:
 Network topology management: The M2000 displays the
WiMAX-LTE base station, WiMAX BS, and eNodeB. It also
displays the binding relationship between the WiMAX BS
and the eNodeB in SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE.
 Device plane management: The device plane displays
WiMAX-LTE base station, WiMAX BS, and eNodeB
devices.
− The MBTS window displays
WiMAX and LTE service processing boards and common
boards.
− The WiMAX window displays
WiMAX service processing boards and common boards.
− The LTE window displays LTE
service processing boards and common boards.
− The RRU Topology window
displays WiMAX and LTE remote radio units (RRUs).
 Alarm management: You can view alarms reported from the
WiMAX BS, the eNodeB, and the WiMAX-LTE base
station.
 Software management: You can upgrade WiMAX and LTE
software on the M2000.
 Configuration management: You can configure the WiMAX
BS and eNodeB on the M2000.
 Web LMT: The WiMAX BS and eNodeB use independent
local management terminals (LMTs).
SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE Configuration and Evolution Policies

SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE has the following characteristics:
 The WiMAX BS and the eNodeB share a BBU and a GPS antenna.
 RRUs are configured with a combiner.

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Figure a.1 shows SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE typical configurations.
Figure a.1 SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE typical configurations
Table 1.1 describes SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE configuration and evolution policies.
Table 1.1 SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE configuration and evolution policies

Component WiMAX LTE Configuration and Evolution Policy
Main control LMPTw LMPTb The LTE main processing and transmission unit
board ver. w (LMPTw) and LMPTb use the same board
hardware. The LMPTw can support an LTE
network after software upgrade.
Baseband LBBPc LBBPc The WiMAX BS and the eNodeB use the same
processing LBBPc hardware.
unit Therefore, the LBBPc can support an LTE
network after software upgrade.

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Component WiMAX LTE Configuration and Evolution Policy
BBU The WiMAX BS and  Main control boards are installed in slots 6 and
eNodeB share a BBU. 7 regardless of working modes.
 Baseband processing boards are installed in
slot 0 to slot 5 regardless of working modes.
 The FANc is used.
 The UPEUc is used.
Antenna The WiMAX BS and A combiner enables the WiMAX BS and eNodeB
system eNodeB can share an to share an antenna system.
antenna system.
GPS antenna The WiMAX BS and The WiMAX BS and eNodeB are connected to
eNodeB can share a either the same GPS antenna using a T-connector
GPS antenna. or to different GPS antennas.
M2000 The same M2000 The M2000 manages the WiMAX BS and
manages the WiMAX eNodeB, including software upgrades,
BS and eNodeB. configuration management, alarm management,
and topology management.

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Network Impact Report Network ImpactsNetwork Impacts
2 Network Impacts
2.1 Hardware
Base Station
Table 1.1 describes impacts of SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE on WiMAX hardware.
Table 1.1 Impacts of SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE on WiMAX hardware

Component If a WiMAX BS Is Evolved into a If a New WiMAX-LTE
WiMAX-LTE Base Station… Base Station Is
Deployed…
Main control The WiMAX BS uses the new main control The WiMAX BS is
board board LMPTw or the BWA main processing configured with the
and transmission unit (BMPT). The LMPTw LMPTw.
and LMPTb use the same board hardware.
Hardware replacement is not required when a
WiMAX-LTE network is evolved into an LTE
network.
One LMPTb is added to each eNodeB. The eNodeB uses the
LMPTb.
Baseband The WiMAX BS uses the new baseband unit The WiMAX eNodeB
processing LTE baseband processing unit ver. c (LBBPc) uses the LBBPc.
unit or the BWA baseband processing and radio
interface unit (BBBI).
Each eNodeB uses one to three LBBPcs. Each The eNodeB uses the
LBBPc supports one carrier in 20 MHz 4T4R LBBPc.
mode and three carriers in 10 MHz 4T4R
mode.
RRU The WiMAX BS uses the RRU3232 or The RRU3232 or
RRU3702 with the same hardware. RRU3702 is used.
Each eNodeB uses one 4T4R RRU3232 or
RRU3702 for each sector.

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Component If a WiMAX BS Is Evolved into a If a New WiMAX-LTE

WiMAX-LTE Base Station… Base Station Is
Deployed…
Antenna A combiner is used, which enables the WiMAX BS and eNodeB to share
system an antenna system.
The WiMAX BS and eNodeB can also use independent antenna systems.
GPS antenna A T-connector is used, which enables the WiMAX BS and eNodeB to
share a GPS antenna.
Optical fiber 6.144 Gbit/s multi-mode or single-mode optical modules and optical fibers
and optical are delivered by default. If 4.25 Gbit/s optical modules and optical fibers
module are available in the inventory, they can also be used. Each RRU is
delivered with two optical modules and one common public radio interface
(CPRI) optical fiber.
Power unit A UPEUc must be used to supply 360 W The UPEUc is delivered
power. by default.
FAN A FANc must be used to dissipate heat The FANc is delivered by
generated by 650 W power. default.
SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE cannot be configured with the universal satellite card and clock unit (USCU)
and universal transmission processing unit (UTRP).
ASN-GW
There is no impact on Huawei WASN9770 V300R003C02.
MME
The USN9810 processes LTE signaling plane data as an MME.
S-GW or PDN-GW
The UGW9811 is used as the serving gateway (S-GW) or packet data network gateway
(PDN-GW).
HSS
The HSS9820 is used to store LTE subscription information.
M2000
There is no impact on M2000 hardware.

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2.2 Versions of Related Products

Product Description
DBS3900 WiMAX V300R003C01 or a later version

DBS3900 LTE V100R004 or a later version
M2000 V200R011C01 or a later version
Other WiMAX NEs A version that is compatible with DBS3900 WiMAX
V300R003C01
Other LTE NEs A version that is compatible with DBS3900 LTE V100R004
During evolution from a WiMAX network to a SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE network, you must upgrade a
WiMAX BS to V300R003C01 before installing LTE boards and upgrading software.
2.3 License
You must purchase licenses separately for the WiMAX BS and eNodeB, and no license is
dedicated to SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE V100R001C00.
2.4 Interfaces
2.4.1 Inter-NE Interfaces
There is no impact on inter-NE interfaces.
2.4.2 Man-Machine Interfaces

Table 1.1 describes impacts of SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE on man-machine interfaces.
Table 1.1 Impacts of SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE on man-machine interfaces

Item Description
Man-machine The following commands are added:

language  DSP BSMODE: used to query working modes of local and peer base
(MML) stations
commands
 MOD MBTSPARA: used to adjust WiMAX frame headers for frame
synchronization between the WiMAX BS and the eNodeB
Alarms The following alarms are added:
 ALM-26270 Inter-System Communication Failure
 ALM-26271 Inter-System Monitoring Device Parameter Settings
Conflict

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Item Description
 ALM-26273 Inter-System BBU Board Parameter Settings Conflict
 ALM-26274 Inter-System Board Object Configuration Conflict
 ALM-26275 Inter-System Cabinet Configuration Conflict
M2000  The M2000 displays and manages the binding relationship between the
WiMAX BS and the eNodeB.
 The following functions are optimized to support SingleRAN WiMAX-
LTE V100R001C00:
NE topology management
Device plane monitoring, including RRU topology monitoring
Alarm management
2.5 Operation and Maintenance

Table 1.2 describes new operation and maintenance functions in SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE.
Table 1.2 New operation and maintenance functions in SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE

Item Description
WiMAX-LTE  You can manage common boards, single-mode boards, RRUs, and
device electromechanical devices on the M2000.
management  The M2000 can display all SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE devices. It can
also display the WiMAX or LTE devices. When the devices of one
mode are displayed, the device panel of the other mode is unavailable,
which indicates that the related slots have been occupied.
Site  SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE network evolved from a WiMAX network
deployment After a WiMAX network is evolved into a SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE
management network, the M2000 checks whether the WiMAX BS and eNodeB are
bound. If they are not bound, they are bound automatically or manually.
 New WiMAX-LTE base station
During site deployment, the WiMAX BS and eNodeB are deployed in
the same way as a single-mode base station.
Configuration In SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE, the WiMAX BS and eNodeB are
management separately configured. Common devices can be configured in the
WiMAX BS or the eNodeB, or both of them. For details about how to
configure the eNodeB and WiMAX BS, see the eNodeB Initial
Configuration Guide and DBS3900 WiMAX Commissioning Guide.
NE topology You can manage the WiMAX-LTE base station in a centralized mode on
management the M2000. You can also manage the WiMAX BS and eNodeB
separately such as querying alarms on the related device plane. Topology
management of the WiMAX BS and eNodeB in SingleRAN WiMAX-
LTE is the same as that of a single-mode base station.

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Item Description
Inventory The WiMAX BS and eNodeB are managed separately in the same way
management as a single-mode base station.
Alarm  The WiMAX BS and eNodeB report alarms separately.
management  You can view all WiMAX-LTE base station alarms on the M2000
alarm window. You can also view only the alarms reported by the
WiMAX BS or eNodeB, where common alarms are displayed only
once.
 An alarm is reported if common boards are inconsistently configured
between the WiMAX BS and the eNodeB.
 You can view all alarms reported by the WiMAX BS or eNodeB on the
alarm window of the web local maintenance terminal (LMT).
Software The WiMAX BS and eNodeB can be separately upgraded in SingleRAN
management WiMAX-LTE. Software is upgraded only when the WiMAX BS and
eNodeB versions match with each other according to the version
mapping table.
Figure a.2 shows the configuration data flow in a WiMAX-LTE base station.
Figure a.2 Configuration data flow in a WiMAX-LTE base station

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As shown in Figure a.2, the WiMAX BS and eNodeB are configured separately in SingleRAN
WiMAX-LTE. The FAN, power system, and electromechanical devices shared between the
WiMAX BS and eNodeB can be configured in the WiMAX BS or eNodeB, or both of them.
The WiMAX BS is configured on the WCS or web LMT, and the eNodeB is configured on
the CME or web LMT.
For details, see the eNodeB Initial Configuration Guide and DBS3900 WiMAX
Commissioning Guide.

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SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE V100R001C00 Impacts on Network PerformanceImpacts on Network
Network Impact Report Performance
3 Impacts on Network Performance
This chapter describes frame synchronization over the air interface, frequency refarming, and
their impacts on network performance.
3.1 Frame Synchronization over the Air Interface

Overview
WiMAX and LTE systems are time division duplex (TDD) systems. If the frequency bands
used by a WiMAX BS and eNodeB are in a neighboring relationship or have a small interval
in SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE, interference is strong when a subsystem is transmitting
downlink signals and the other subsystem is receiving uplink signals.
To prevent interference, appropriate subframe ratios must be set to allow frame
synchronization between the WiMAX BS and the eNodeB over the air interface. Table 1.1
lists the subframe ratios available in SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE V100R001C00.
Table 1.1 Subframe ratios available in SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE V100R001C00

Subframe Ratio of Subframe Ratio Special Subframe Ratio Frame Offset
the WiMAX BS of the eNodeB of the eNodeB
(DwPTS:GP:UpPTS)
31:15 3:1 3:9:2 2 milliseconds
29:18 2:2 10:2:2 1 millisecond

(Symbol puncturing
is required)

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Figure a.2 Frame synchronization between the WiMAX BS and the eNodeB when the WiMAX
BS uses the frame ratio of 31:15
Figure a.2 compares time sequences before and after frame synchronization between the
WiMAX BS and the eNodeB when the WiMAX BS uses the frame ratio of 31:15. Frame
headers must be adjusted 2 milliseconds forward in the WiMAX BS or 2 milliseconds
backward in the eNodeB for frame synchronization.
You are advised to adjust only frame headers of the newly deployed subsystem.
Figure a.3 Frame synchronization between the WiMAX BS and the eNodeB when the WiMAX
BS uses the frame ratio of 29:18
Figure a.3 compares time sequences before and after frame synchronization between the
WiMAX BS and the eNodeB when the WiMAX BS uses the frame ratio of 29:18. Frame
headers must be adjusted 1 millisecond forward in the WiMAX BS for frame synchronization.
In addition, the last two symbols must be removed from the WiMAX BS to prevent
interference on the eNodeB.

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Data Configuration
Frame synchronization over the air interface in a WiMAX-LTE base station requires the
following data configuration:
 Subframe ratio and special subframe ratio
− Run the ADD CARRIERBASICINFO command to set the subframe ratio of the
WiMAX BS.
− Run the ADD CELL command on the connection management entity (CME) to set
the subframe ratio and special subframe ratio of the eNodeB.
Subframe Ratio of the WiMAX Subframe Ratio and Special Subframe Ratio
BS of the eNodeB
31:15 Subframe ratio: 2

Special subframe ratio: 4
29:18 Subframe ratio: 1
Special subframe ratio: 7
 Frame header adjustment in the WiMAX BS or eNodeB

− Run the MOD MBTSPARA command to adjust forward the frame header in the
WiMAX BS.
− Run the MOD TDDFRAMEOFFSET command to adjust backward the frame
header in the eNodeB.
3.2 Frequency Refarming

If no frequency is available for the LTE network during the evolution from a WiMAX
network to a WiMAX-LTE network, you must perform frequency refarming to allocate some
frequency resources, occupied by the WiMAX network, to the LTE network.
However, frequency refarming decreases the frequency reuse coefficient of the WiMAX BS.
As a result, internal interference increases and the network coverage decreases.
To reduce the impact on existing services, apply the following principles before performing
frequency refarming:
 The network coverage remains unchanged, especially at the cell edge, and WiMAX and
LTE networks cover the same area.
 The decreased amount of network capacity is within a range to ensure that terminals are
not handed over to another network such as the LTE network. Frequency refarming must
be performed based on the actual system load and possible decrease of network capacity.
 Network performance deterioration as indicated in the key performance indicator (KPI)
does not interrupt online services.
The following figure uses frequency refarming at 30 MHz as an example.

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In the previous example, frequency refarming decreases network capacity by approximately

30%. If network load is optimal, a WiMAX BS can be evolved into the WiMAX-LTE base
station without causing terminal handovers or replacement due to capacity decrease.
FFR(1,3,2) in the WiMAX BS ensures signal quality at the cell edge and prevents a decrease
in network coverage.
If you adopt WiMAX 10 MHz+LTE 20 MHz networking mode in the WiMAX-LTE base
station, frequency refarming decreases network capacity by approximately 50%. This affects
WiMAX network performance.
3.3 Impacts on Network Performance

3.3.1 Network Coverage
After frequency refarming, a high frequency reuse coefficient is adopted, which decreases the
network coverage.
To minimize the impact of frequency refarming on network coverage, you are advised to
allocate frequency resources properly to the eNodeB. To ensure network coverage at the cell
edge, you are advised to use FFR networking mode in the WiMAX BS.

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3.3.2 Network Capability

After frequency refarming, network capacity decreases because a higher frequency resource
coefficient is adopted.
You are advised to perform the following measures to minimize the impact of frequency
refarming on network capacity:
 Allocate the eNodeB proper frequency resources to reduce the impact of frequency
refarming on the WiMAX network.
 Evolve a WiMAX BS into the WiMAX-LTE base station when WiMAX BS load is
optimal. This prevents terminal handovers or replacement due to a decrease in network
capacity.
 Hand over some WiMAX terminals to the LTE network if necessary.
3.3.3 Impact on Other NEs

The WiMAX BS uses FFR networking mode if frequency resources are insufficient. After
frequency refarming, some terminals may fail to support FFR networking mode.

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Network Impact Report Acronyms and AbbreviationsAcronyms and Abbreviations
A Acronyms and Abbreviations
A
ASN access service network
B
BBU baseband unit
BS base station
E
eNodeB E-UTRAN NodeB
F
FFR fractional frequency reuse
G
GPS Global Positioning System
L
LTE Long Term Evolution
M
MBTS multi-mode base station
MME mobility management entity

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Network Impact Report Acronyms and AbbreviationsAcronyms and Abbreviations
MS mobile station
U
UE user equipment
UTRP universal transmission and processing unit
USCU universal satellite card and clock unit
W
WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

About This Document

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

1 Introduction to SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE................................................................................1

3 Impacts on Network Performance............................................................................................12

A Acronyms and Abbreviations....................................................................................................17

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

1 Introduction to SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE

1.1 Background Information

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1

Figure a.1 SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE network

Table 1.1 describes SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE network elements (NEs).

Table 1.1 SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE NEs

Base station Provides high-quality wireless broadband access services for

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2

SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE Configuration and Evolution Policies

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3

Figure a.1 shows SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE typical configurations.

Figure a.1 SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE typical configurations

Table 1.1 describes SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE configuration and evolution policies.

Table 1.1 SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE configuration and evolution policies

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 4

Component WiMAX LTE Configuration and Evolution Policy

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Table 1.1 Impacts of SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE on WiMAX hardware

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Component If a WiMAX BS Is Evolved into a If a New WiMAX-LTE

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2.2 Versions of Related Products

DBS3900 WiMAX V300R003C01 or a later version

2.4.2 Man-Machine Interfaces

Table 1.1 Impacts of SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE on man-machine interfaces

Man-machine The following commands are added:

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2.5 Operation and Maintenance

Table 1.2 New operation and maintenance functions in SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 9

Figure a.2 Configuration data flow in a WiMAX-LTE base station

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3 Impacts on Network Performance

3.1 Frame Synchronization over the Air Interface

Table 1.1 Subframe ratios available in SingleRAN WiMAX-LTE V100R001C00

31:15 3:1 3:9:2 2 milliseconds

29:18 2:2 10:2:2 1 millisecond

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Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 13

31:15 Subframe ratio: 2

 Frame header adjustment in the WiMAX BS or eNodeB

3.2 Frequency Refarming

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In the previous example, frequency refarming decreases network capacity by approximately

3.3 Impacts on Network Performance

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 15

3.3.2 Network Capability

3.3.3 Impact on Other NEs

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 16

A Acronyms and Abbreviations

Issue Draft A (2011-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 17