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MITESH NAIK
INDEX
1)Introduction .
2)Working .
3)Applications:-
I. Torpedo .
II. RAMICS .
III. Supercavitating Propellor .
IV. Supercavitating Boat .
V. Supercavitating Ammunition .
Supercavitation is the use of cavitation effects to
create a bubble of gas inside a liquid large enough to
encompass an object travelling through the liquid, greatly
reducing the skin friction drag on the object and enabling
achievement of very high speeds.
Cavitation is the formation of vapour cavities in a liquid – i.e.
small liquid-free zones (bubbles or voids) – that are the
consequence of forces acting upon the liquid. It usually occurs
when a liquid is subjected to rapid changes of pressure that
cause the formation of cavities where the pressure is relatively
low. When subjected to higher pressure, the voids implode and
can generate an intense shockwave.
Cavitation becomes a blessing under a condition called
Supercavitation i.e., when a single cavity called supercavity is
formed enveloping the moving object almost completely. In
Supercavitation, the small gas bubbles produced by cavitation
expand and combine to form one large, stable, and predictable
bubble around the supercavitating object.
A SUPERCAVITATING OBJECT is a high speed submerged object that is
designed to initiate a cavitation bubble at the nose which extends
past the end of the object substantially reducing the skin friction drag
that would be present if the sides of the object were in contact with
the liquid in which the object is submerged. A key feature of the
supercavitating object is the nose (cavitator), which may be shaped
as a flat disk or cone behind which the cavitation bubble forms. If the
bubble is of insufficient length to encompass the object, especially at
slower speeds, the bubble can be enlarged and extended by
injection of high pressure gas near the object's nose.
VA 111 Shkval(squall) Torpedo
Disadvantages :-
• Produces large amount of sounds on attaining high speeds giving
up your location to the enemy
Imagine a boat that moves through the water differently from any other
boat in existence. It uses “supercavitation”—the creation of a gaseous
bubble layer around the hull to reduce friction underwater—to reach
very high speeds at relatively low fuel cost. Its speed and shape means
it can evade detection by sonar or ship radar. It can outrun torpedoes.
Its fuel efficiency means it has greater range and can run longer
missions than conventional boats and helicopters.
The propellers are powered
by a modified gas turbine
— a jet engine — housed in
each foil; the air intake and
exhaust ports for the
engines are in the struts. As
the ship moves through the
water, the motion of the
propellers creates a thin
layer of bubbly water vapor
that surrounds each foil
from front to back, helped
along by the presence of
“air trap fins” that keep the
vapor in contact with the
hull (and keep liquid away
from the hull). The vapor is
what constitutes the
supercavitation, so the foils
can glide effortlessly
through the bubbles.
SUPERCAVITATING AMMUNITION