1. One mole of an ideal gas is heated at constant pressure from 0oC to 200oC.

(a) Calculate work done.

(b) If the gas were expanded isothermally & reversibly at 0°C from 1 atm to some other
pressure Pt, what must be the final pressure if the maximum work is equal to the work involved
in (a).
2. Calculate the final volume of one mole of an ideal gas initially at 0oC and 1 atm pressure. If it
absorbs 2000 calories of heat during reversible isothermal expansion.
3. The molar heats of combustion of C2H2 (g), C (graphite) and H2 (g) are 210.62 Kcal, 84.05
Kcal and 69.32 Kcal respectively. Calculate the standard heat of formation of C2 H2 (g)
4. In a certain process, 675 J of heat is absorbed by a system while 290 J of work is done on the
system. What is the change in internal energy for the process?
5. Calculate q, w, ∆U and ∆H for the reversible isothermal expansion of one mole of an ideal
gas at 37oC from a volume of 20dm3 to a volume of 30 dm3
6. A sample of gas was placed in a container at 300 K. The pressure of the gas was found to be
1.00 atm. If the same sample in the same container was heated to a temperature of 400 K,
what would be its pressure at this new pressure?
7. You are in charge of the manufacture of cylinders of compressed gas at a small company.
Your company president would like to offer a 4.00 L cylinder containing 500 g of chlorine in
the new catalog. The cylinders you have on hand have a rupture pressure of 40 atm. Use both
the ideal gas law and the van der Waals equation to calculate the pressure in a cylinder at
25°C. Is this cylinder likely to be safe against sudden rupture (which would be disastrous and
certainly result in lawsuits because chlorine gas is highly toxic)?
8. KClO3 is decomposed by the following reaction:
2KClO3(s) ---> 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g)

9. At 25°C, cyclohexanol has a surface tension of 32.92 mN/m2, whereas the surface tension of
cyclohexanone, which is very similar chemically, is only 25.45 mN/m2. Why is the surface
tension of cyclohexanone so much less than that of cyclohexanol?

As the structures indicate, cyclohexanol is a polar substance that can engage in hydrogen
bonding, much like methanol or ethanol; consequently, it is expected to have a higher surface
tension due to stronger intermolecular interactions.

10. What phase changes are involved in each process? Which processes are exothermic, and
which are endothermic?
a. ice melting
b. distillation
c. condensation forming on a window
d. the use of dry ice to create a cloud for a theatrical production
11. Vanadium is used in the manufacture of rust-resistant vanadium steel. It forms bcc crystals
with a density of 6.11 g/cm3 at 18.7°C. What is the length of the edge of the unit cell? What
is the approximate metallic radius of the vanadium in picometers?
12. 1 kg of water at 10º C is added to 10 kg of water at 50º C. What is the temperature of the water
when it reaches thermal equilibrium?
13. Given the mass of the substance is 12 grams. 3 joules of heat energy is required to raise it
temperature by 6 °C. Find the specific heat capacity of the substance
14. A biatomic ideal gas undergoes a cycle starting at point A (2 atm, 1L). Process from A to B is
an expansion at constant pressure until the volume is 2.5 L, after which, it is cooled at constant
volume until its pressure is 1 atm. It is then compressed at constant pressure until the volume
is again 1L, after which it is heated at constant volume until it is back to its original state. Find
(a) the work, heat and change of internal energy in each process (b) the total work done on
the gas and the total heat added to it during the cycle.

15. A system consisting of 0.32 mol of a monoatomic ideal gas occupies a volume of 2.2 L, at a
pressure of 2.4 atm. The system is carried through a cycle consisting:
a. The gas is heated at constant pressure until its volume is 4.4L.
b. The gas is cooled at constant volume until the pressure decreases to 1.2 atm
c. The gas undergoes an isothermal compression back to its initial point.
1) What is the temperature at points A, B and C
2) Find W, Q and ΔEint for each process and for the entire cycle

16. Define Gibbs Free energy and hence Derive the Relationship between Equilibrium Constant
and Gibbs free energy and hence Calculate ΔG0 for conversion of oxygen to ozone
3/2 O2 (g) → O3 (g)
at 300 K, if Kp for this conversion is 9.47×10-29.
17. A rapidly spinning paddle wheel raises the temperature of 200mL of water from 21 degrees
Celsius to 25 degrees. How much a) work is done and b) heat is transferred in this process?
18. How many btu are needed to change 10 pounds of ice at 5 degree Fahrenheit to steam at 250
degree Fahrenheit?
19. Three real heat engines have the same thermal efficiency and are connected in series. The first
engine absorbs 2400 kJ of heat from a thermal reservoir at 1250 K and the third engine ejects
its waste of 300 kJ to a sink at 150 K. Determine the work output from each engine.
20. What is the physical significance of entropy?