CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Figure 3.1 SCRUM Model

3.1 Planning and Analysis Stage

The planning and analysis stage includes the requirements and specifications

activities. The main deliverables of the planning and analysis phase are the Gantt chart,

component selection, and software selection.

 3.1.1 Gantt Chart

The Gantt chart includes specific tasks assigned by the scrum master to their

scrum team with the given time limit.

Table 3.2 Gantt Chart of Activities

Activity Lead Person March April May

week 1

week 2

week 3

week 4

week 1

week 2

week 3

week 4

week 1

Planning and Analysis Stage
Gantt Chart
Conceptualization
Design Stage
Components Selection
Software Selection
Development Stage
Troubleshooting and Debugging
Validation Stage
Interview
Testing
week 2
Atlas, Peaches Elise J.
Atlas, Peaches Elise J.
Espeleta, Rovic Joushua O.
Bautista, Joy L.
Lasi Frances Doreen B.
Lasi, Frances Doreen B
Espeleta, Rovic Joushua O.
Atlas, Peaches Elise J.
Resurreccion, Joviron G.
Bautista, Joy L.

3.1.2 Conceptualization

As a requirement for ICT Elective 4, the students are given the task of formulating

issues and concerns experienced by everyone. A wearable device must be a solution for

a specific problem.

The problem targeted by the proponent are in the transportation field. Mostly it is

about the manual ticketing and payment in buses. As a solution, the scrum master think
of a wearable device that can be of help with regards to this problem. The device is named

FarePal with the main idea of a tap on the go operation where a passenger will wear a

wristband that will act as a wireless money for the fare payment.

After the approval of the said topic, the proponents searched if this project is

feasible within the given last three months of the semester and to find a possible target

market that can or will implement this project.

3.2 Design Stage

This stage is for the framework and implementation of the project which contains the

components selection, and software selection.

3.2.1 Components Selection

3.2.1.1 NFC Tags

Figure 3.2 NFC Tag

This will function as a reloadable wristband that will be used for paying bus fare.

This is composed of NFC tag that provides a unique identification or MAC address. This

MAC address will serve as the account number of the user for the entire process.
 3.2.1.2 MFRC522 (NFC READER/WRITER MODULE)

Figure 3.3 MFRC522

This device is a NFC module which will distinguish the specific ID of each NFC

tags within the NFC bracelet. This will connect and send data to microcontroller and

database of the system.

3.2.1.4 Arduino Uno

Figure 3.4 Arduino Uno

This will act as the microcontroller of the system reader. Segmenting code into

functions allows a programmer to create modular pieces of code that perform a defined

task and then return to the area of code from which the function was "called".
 3.2.2 Software Selection

This section comprises the software to be used in the execution and

implementation of the project.

3.2.2.1 Visual Studio Community 2015

Figure 3.5 Visual Studio Community 2015

Visual Studio Community 2015 is a free, fully-featured, and extensible IDE for

creating modern applications for Windows, Android, and iOS, as well as web applications

and cloud services.

It includes a code editor as well as code refactoring. The integrated debugger

works both as a source- level debugger and a machine- level debugger. Other built- in

tools include a code profiler, forms designer for building GUI applications, web designer,

class designer and database schema designer.

Visual Studio supports 36 different programming languages this includes: C, C++

and C++/CLI, VB. NET (Visual Basic. NET), C#, F#, Javascript, Java, Phyton, Ruby,

Node.js and M.

3.2.2.2 Arduino Software (IDE) 1.8.2

 Figure 3.6 Arduino Software

Arduino Software (IDE) is an open source application that make writing codes easy

to upload to the board. Available on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. The environment is

written in Java and based on Processing and other open- source software.

This software can be used with any Arduino board.

3.3 Development Stage.

After planning from the previous stages, this part of the methodology will focus on

how the researchers will perform the concepts and design in order to proceed on testing

and evaluation of the study.

3.3.1 Testing and Troubleshooting

This stage analyzed the obtained results and dealt errors for debugging. The output

of the tests would be assessed upon the completion of the project to determine if the

proposed system functions as expected.

3.4 Validation

For this phase of the project, it will cover the actual testing from its target market.

The project must comply with the needs of the target market. The suggestions and

recommendations of its target market must be analyzed and observed.

During the one-day validation assignment, the researchers went to Ceres

Transport Inc. for the discussion of the proposal. The researchers also perform survey to

individuals regarding their topic. The researchers acquired 100% positive results from

commuters, and received viable suggestions for the project. Lastly, the proponents went

to ALPS, The Bus Inc for another proposal of the system.