Detail Calculations of Screen to Demonstrate Withstanding Earth Fault Current

33KV, 1-Core x 500 Sq.mm U/G XLPE Copper Cable

General formula
I=ε×IAD
Based on IEC 949, permissible short-circuit current is given by:
Where:
I: Permissible short-circuit current
IAD: Short-circuit current calculated on an adiabatic basis
ε: Factor to allow for heat loss into the adjacent component. For adiabatic calculations, ε=1.
Calculation of adiabatic short-circuit current:
I 2AD×t = K 2×S 2 ×ln((θf+β)/(θi+β))
Where:
IAD: Short-circuit current (r.m.s. over duration) calculated on an adiabatic basis (A)
t: Duration of short-circuit (s),t=1s
K: Constant depending on the material of the current carrying component, derived from Table 1 of
IEC949: K=226 (As1/2/mm2)
θf: Final temperature (℃)，θf = 250℃
θi: Initial temperature (℃)，θi = 90℃
β: Reciprocal of temperature coefficient of resistance of the current carrying component at 0℃
（K），β= 234.5 K (see Table 1 of IEC949)
Copper tape screen earth fault current calculation
S: Geometrical cross-sectional area of the current carrying component (mm 2)
S=SCW = PI()/4×d2×n
SCW: Geometrical cross-sectional area of total copper wires
d = Diameter of each copper wire
n = Number of copper wires

1. The number of copper wires for metallic screen, n = 46

2. Diameter of each copper wire for screen, d = 2.21 mm
3. The area of copper wires screen, SCW = PI()/4×(2.21)2×46=176.45 sq.mm
4. Combined screen area(S), S=SCW= 176.45 sq.mm
5. Screen short-circuit current duration 1 sec,
I 2AD×t = K 2×S 2 ×ln((θf+β)/(θi+β))
IAD =Sqrt.( K 2×S 2 ×ln((θf+β)/(θi+β)))/ Sqrt.(t)
IAD =Sqrt.(2262×176.452×ln((250+234.5)/(90+234.5)))/ Sqrt.(1)
=25210 A
≈25.2 kA

Note: This satisfies the required earth fault current of 25 kA/S.

 11KV, 3-Core x 185 Sq.mm U/G XLPE Copper Cable

General formula
I=ε×IAD
Based on IEC 949, permissible short-circuit current is given by:
Where:
I: Permissible short-circuit current
IAD: Short-circuit current calculated on an adiabatic basis
ε: Factor to allow for heat loss into the adjacent component. For adiabatic calculations, ε=1.
Calculation of adiabatic short-circuit current:
I 2AD×t = K 2×S 2 ×ln((θf+β)/(θi+β))
Where:
IAD: Short-circuit current (r.m.s. over duration) calculated on an adiabatic basis (A)
t: Duration of short-circuit (s),t=1s
K: Constant depending on the material of the current carrying component, derived from Table 1 of
IEC949: K=226 (As1/2/mm2)
θf: Final temperature (℃)，θf = 250℃
θi: Initial temperature (℃)，θi = 90℃
β: Reciprocal of temperature coefficient of resistance of the current carrying component at 0℃
（K），β= 234.5 K (see Table 1 of IEC949)
Copper tape screen earth fault current calculation
S: Geometrical cross-sectional area of the current carrying component (mm 2)
S=SCW×3 =( (PI()/4×d2×n)+ (Thickness × Width)) ×3
SCW: Geometrical cross-sectional area of total copper wires
d = Diameter of each copper wire
n = Number of copper wires

1. The number of copper wires for metallic screen, n = 42

2. Diameter of each copper wire for screen, d = 0.85 mm
3. The single phase area of copper wires screen, SCW = PI()/4×（0.85）2×42=23.83sq.mm
4. Three phase combined screen area(S), S=SCW×3=23.83 ×3=71.50sq.mm
5. Screen short-circuit current duration 1 sec,
I 2AD×t = K 2×S 2 ×ln((θf+β)/(θi+β))
IAD =Sqrt.( K 2×S 2 ×ln((θf+β)/(θi+β)))/ Sqrt.(t)
IAD =Sqrt.(2262×71.502×ln((250+234.5)/(90+234.5)))/ Sqrt.(1)
=10215A
≈10.2 kA

Note: This satisfies the required earth fault current of 10 kA/S.

 11KV, 1-Core x 500 Sq.mm U/G XLPE Copper Cable
General formula
I=ε×IAD
Based on IEC 949, permissible short-circuit current is given by:
Where:
I: Permissible short-circuit current
IAD: Short-circuit current calculated on an adiabatic basis
ε: Factor to allow for heat loss into the adjacent component. For adiabatic calculations, ε=1.
Calculation of adiabatic short-circuit current:
I 2AD×t = K 2×S 2 ×ln((θf+β)/(θi+β))
Where:
IAD: Short-circuit current (r.m.s. over duration) calculated on an adiabatic basis (A)
t: Duration of short-circuit (s),t=1s
K: Constant depending on the material of the current carrying component, derived from Table 1 of
IEC949: K=226 (As1/2/mm2)
θf: Final temperature (℃)，θf = 250℃
θi: Initial temperature (℃)，θi = 90℃
β: Reciprocal of temperature coefficient of resistance of the current carrying component at 0℃
（K），β= 234.5 K (see Table 1 of IEC949)
Copper tape screen earth fault current calculation
S: Geometrical cross-sectional area of the current carrying component (mm 2)
S=SCW+SCT = (PI()/4×d2×n)+ (Thickness × Width)
SCW: Geometrical cross-sectional area of total copper wires
SCT: Geometrical cross-sectional area of copper tape
d = Diameter of each copper wire
n = Number of copper wires

1. The number of copper wires for metallic screen, n = 46

2. Diameter of each copper wire for screen,d = 1.38 mm
3. The area of copper wires screen, SCW = PI()/4×（1.38）2×46=68.80 sq.mm
4. The copper tape screen area, SCT = (Thickness × Width)=0.12×35=4.20 sq.mm
5. Combined screen area(S), S=SCW+SCT = (68.80+4.20) =73.0 sq.mm
6. Screen short-circuit current duration 1 sec,
I 2AD×t = K 2×S 2 ×ln((θf+β)/(θi+β))
IAD =Sqrt.( K 2×S 2 ×ln((θf+β)/(θi+β)))/ Sqrt.(t)
IAD =Sqrt.(2262×73.02×ln((250+234.5)/(90+234.5)))/ Sqrt.(1)
=10445 A
≈10.4 kA

Note: This satisfies the required earth fault current of 10 kA/S.