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Catalogue | 2015
VarSet
Low Voltage Capacitor Banks
Power Quality
Your requirements…
Optimize energy
consumption
• By reducing electricity bills,
• By reducing power losses,
• By reducing CO2 emissions.
Increase power
availability
• Compensate for voltage sags detrimental
to process operation,
• Avoid nuisance tripping and supply
interruptions.
2 PFCED310004EN
Our solutions…
9%
"Our energy
Reactive energy management con-sumption
was reduced by
In electrical networks, reactive energy results in increased line currents
after we installed 10 capacitor
for a given active energy transmitted to loads.
banks with detuned reactors.
Electricity bill optimised by 8%
The main consequences are:
and payback in 2 years."
eed for oversizing of transmission and distribution networks
N Testifies Michelin Automotive in France.
by utilities,
Increased voltage drops and sags along the distribution lines,
5%
"Energy
Additional power losses.
consumption
reduced by
This results in increased electricity bills for industrial customers
with LV capacitor bank and active
because of:
filter installed."
Penalties applied by most utilities on reactive energy, POMA OTIS Railways, Switzerland.
Increased overall kVA demand,
Increased energy consumption within the installations. "70 capacitor banks with detuned
Reactive energy management aims to optimize your electrical reactors installed, energy consumption
installation by reducing energy consumption, and to improve reduced by 10%, electrcity bill optimised
power availability. Total CO2 emissions are also reduced. by 18%, payback in just
Utility power bills are typically reduced by 5% to 10%*.
1 year.”
Madrid Barrajas airport Spain.
* Performance reflects actual customer experience, your results may vary depending on your environment.
PFCED310004EN 3
Improve electrical networks
and reduce energy costs
4 PFCED310004EN
Ensure reliability and safety
on installations
Safety
Over-pressure
system for safe disconnection
at the end of life.
A
ll materials and components are free of PCB
pollutants.
Efficiency and
productivity
P
roduct development including innovation
in ergonomics and ease of installation and
connection.
S
pecially designed components to save time
on installation and maintenance.
A
ll components and solutions available through
a network of distributors and partners in more
than 100 countries.
PFCED310004EN 5
Energy
Efficiency
Immediate
Savings*
* Assuming the Power Factor correction equipment is properly chosen, installed, connected and commissioned.
VarSet Main Contents
General 8
Why reactive energy management?
Advantages of reactive energy management
Method for determining compensation
Typical solutions depending on applications
VarSet offer 20
Global presentation
Selection guide
Fix compensation
Automatic compensation
Configurated offer
Construction of references VarSet Easy
Construction of references VarSet
VarSet characteristics
Appendix 52
Power factor of most common receiving devices
When should fixed power factor correction be used?
Automatic compensation: installation advice
Control system
General information about harmonics
Causes and effects of harmonics
PFCED310004EN 7
General
8 PFCED310004EN
General Contents
PFCED310004EN 9
General Why reactive energy
management?
For these reasons, there is a great advantage in generating reactive energy at the
load level
Powerin order Active energy
to prevent Active energy
the unnecessary circulation of current in the network.
Transmission
This is what
generation is known as "power factor correction". This is obtained by the Motor
connection
network
of capacitors, which produce reactive energy in opposition
Reactive to the energy absorbed
energy
by loads such as motors.
Active energy Active energy
Power
The result is a reduced apparent power, and an improved power factor P/S’ as
Transmission
Capacitors Motor
generation
illustrated in the diagram opposite. network
Qc Reactive energy Reactive energy
Q The power generation and transmission networks are partially relieved, reducing
power losses and making additional transmission capacity available.
Fig. 4
Capacitors
Fig. 3 The reactive power is supplied by capacitors.
No billing of reactive power by the energy supplier.
10 PFCED310004EN
General Advantages of reactive
energy management
PFCED310004EN 11
General Method for determining
compensation
The selection of Power Factor Correction equipment should follow the following
4-step process and must be done by any people having the relevant skills:
bb Step 1: Calculation of the required reactive power.
bb Step 2: Selection of the compensation mode:
vv Central, for the complete installation
vv By sector
vv For individual loads, such as large motors.
bb Step 3: Selection of the compensation type:
vv Fixed, by connection of a fixed-value capacitor bank;
vv Automatic, by connection of a different number of steps, allowing adjustment
of the reactive energy to the required value;
vv Dynamic, for compensation of highly fluctuating loads.
bb Step 4: Allowance for operating conditions and harmonics.
Example:
consider a 1000 kW motor with cos φ = 0.8 (tan φ = 0.75).
In order to obtain cos φ = 0.95, it is necessary to install a capacitor bank with a
reactive power equal to k x P, i.e.: Qc = 0.42 x 1000 = 420 kvar.
12 PFCED310004EN
General Method for determining
compensation
Before compensation Capacitor power in kVAr to be installed per kW of load to raise the power factor
(cos φ or tg φ)
tg φ cos φ tg φ 0.75 0.59 0.48 0.45 0.42 0.39 0.36 0.32 0.29 0.25 0.20 0.14 0.00
cos φ 0.8 0.86 0.9 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1
2.29 0.40 1.541 1.698 1.807 1.836 1.865 1.896 1.928 1.963 2.000 2.041 2.088 2.149 2.291
2.22 0.40 1.475 1.631 1.740 1.769 1.799 1.829 1.862 1.896 1.933 1.974 2.022 2.082 2.225
2.16 0.42 1.411 1.567 1.676 1.705 1735 1.766 1.798 1.832 1.869 1.910 1.958 2.018 2.161
2.10 0.43 1.350 1.506 1.615 1.644 1.674 1.704 1.737 1.771 1.808 1.849 1.897 1.957 2.100
2.04 0.44 1.291 1.448 1.557 1.585 1.615 1.646 1.678 1.712 1.749 1.790 1.838 1.898 2.041
1.98 0.45 1.235 1.391 1.500 1.529 1.559 1.589 1.622 1.656 1.693 1.734 1.781 1.842 1.985
1.93 0.46 1.180 1.337 1.446 1.475 1.504 1.535 1.567 1.602 1.639 1.680 1.727 1.788 1.930
1.88 0.47 1.128 1.285 1.394 1.422 1.452 1.483 1.515 1.549 1.586 1.627 1.675 1.736 1.878
1.83 0.48 1.078 1.234 1.343 1.372 1.402 1.432 1.465 1.499 1.536 1.577 1.625 1.685 1.828
1.78 0.49 1.029 1.186 1.295 1.323 1.353 1.384 1.416 1.450 1.487 1.528 1.576 1.637 1.779
1.73 0.5 0.982 1.139 1.248 1.276 1.306 1.337 1.369 1.403 1.440 1.481 1.529 1.590 1.732
1.69 0.51 0.937 1.093 1.202 1.231 1.261 1.291 1.324 1.358 1.395 1.436 1.484 1.544 1.687
1.64 0.52 0.893 1.049 1.158 1.187 1.217 1.247 1.280 1.314 1.351 1.392 1.440 1.500 1.643
1.60 0.53 0.850 1.007 1.116 1.144 1.174 1.205 1.237 1.271 1.308 1.349 1.397 1.458 1.600
1.56 0.54 0.809 0.965 1.074 1.103 1.133 1.163 1.196 1.230 1.267 1.308 1.356 1.416 1.559
1.52 0.55 0.768 0.925 1.034 1.063 1.092 1.123 1.156 1.190 1.227 1.268 1.315 1.376 1.518
1.48 0.56 0.729 0.886 0.995 1.024 1.053 1.084 1.116 1.151 1.188 1.229 1.276 1.337 1.479
1.44 0.57 0.691 0.848 0.957 0.986 1.015 1.046 1.079 1.113 1.150 1.191 1.238 1.299 1.441
1.40 0.58 0.655 0.811 0.920 0.949 0.969 1.009 1.042 1.076 1.113 1.154 1.201 1.262 1.405
1.37 0.59 0.618 0.775 0.884 0.913 0.942 0.973 1.006 1.040 1.077 1.118 1.165 1.226 1.368
1.33 0.6 0.583 0.740 0.849 0.878 0.907 0.938 0.970 1.005 1.042 1.083 1.130 1.191 1.333
1.30 0.61 0.549 0.706 0.815 0.843 0.873 0.904 0.936 0.970 1.007 1.048 1.096 1.157 1.299
1.27 0.62 0.515 0.672 0.781 0.810 0.839 0.870 0.903 0.937 0.974 1.015 1.062 1.123 1.265
1.23 0.63 0.483 0.639 0.748 0.777 0.807 0.837 0.873 0.904 0.941 1.982 1.030 1.090 1.233
1.20 0.64 0.451 0.607 0.716 0.745 0.775 0.805 0.838 0.872 0.909 0.950 0.998 1.058 1.201
1.17 0.65 0.419 0.672 0.685 0.714 0.743 0.774 0.806 0.840 0.877 0.919 0.966 1.027 1.169
1.14 0.66 0.388 0.639 0.654 0.683 0.712 0.743 0.775 0.810 0.847 0.888 0.935 0.996 1.138
1.11 0.67 0.358 0.607 0.624 0.652 0.682 0.713 0.745 0.779 0.816 0.857 0.905 0.996 1.108
1.08 0.68 0.328 0.576 0.594 0.623 0.652 0.683 0.715 0.750 0.878 0.828 0.875 0.936 1.078
1.05 0.69 0.299 0.545 0.565 0.593 0.623 0.654 0.686 0.720 0.757 0.798 0.846 0.907 1.049
1.02 0.7 0.270 0.515 0.536 0.565 0.594 0.625 0.657 0.692 0.729 0.770 0.817 0.878 1.020
0.99 0.71 0.242 0.485 0.508 0.536 0.566 0.597 0.629 0.663 0.700 0.741 0.789 0.849 0.992
0.96 0.72 0.214 0.456 0.480 0.508 0.538 0.569 0.601 0.665 0.672 0.713 0.761 0.821 0.964
0.94 0.73 0.186 0.427 0.452 0.481 0.510 0.541 0.573 0.608 0.645 0.686 0.733 0.794 0.936
0.91 0.74 0.159 0.398 0.425 0.453 0.483 0.514 0.546 0.580 0.617 0.658 0.706 0.766 0.909
0.88 0.75 0.132 0.370 0.398 0.426 0.456 0.487 0.519 0.553 0.590 0.631 0.679 0.739 0.882
0.86 0.76 0.105 0.343 0.371 0.400 0.429 0.460 0.492 0.526 0.563 0.605 0.652 0.713 0.855
0.83 0.77 0.079 0.316 0.344 0.373 0.403 0.433 0.466 0.500 0.537 0.578 0.626 0.686 0.829
0.80 0.78 0.052 0.289 0.318 0.347 0.376 0.407 0.439 0.574 0.511 0.552 0.559 0.660 0.802
0.78 0.79 0.026 0.262 0.292 0.320 0.350 0.381 0.413 0.447 0.484 0.525 0.573 0.634 0.776
0.75 0.8 0.235 0.266 0.294 0.324 0.355 0.387 0.421 0.458 0.449 0.547 0.608 0.750
0.72 0.81 0.209 0.240 0.268 0.298 0.329 0.361 0.395 0.432 0.473 0.521 0.581 0.724
0.70 0.82 0.183 0.214 0.242 0.272 0.303 0.335 0.369 0.406 0.447 0.495 0.556 0.698
0.67 0.83 0.157 0.188 0.216 0.246 0.277 0.309 0.343 0.380 0.421 0.469 0.530 0.672
0.65 0.84 0.131 0.162 0.190 0.220 0.251 0.283 0.317 0.354 0.395 0.443 0.503 0.646
0.62 0.85 0.105 0.135 0.164 0.194 0.225 0.257 0.291 0.328 0.369 0.417 0.477 0.620
0.59 0.86 0.079 0.109 0.138 0.167 0.198 0.230 0.265 0.302 0.343 0.390 0.451 0.593
0.56 0.87 0.053 0.082 0.111 0.141 0.172 0.204 0.238 0.275 0.316 0.364 0.424 0.567
0.53 0.88 0.029 0.055 0.084 0.114 0.145 0.177 0.211 0.248 0.289 0.337 0.397 0.540
0.51 0.89 0.028 0.057 0.086 0.117 0.149 0.184 0.221 0.262 0.309 0.370 0.512
0.342 0.90 0.029 0.058 0.089 0.121 0.156 0.193 0.234 0.281 0.48 0.484
PFCED310004EN 13
General Method for determining
compensation
GC GC Central compensation
The capacitor bank is connected at the head of the installation to be compensated
IC IC IC IC in order to provide reactive energy for the whole installation.
This configuration is convenient for a stable and continuous load factor.
M M M M Group compensation (by sector)
The capacitor bank is connected at the head of the feeders supplying one particular
sector to be compensated. This configuration is convenient for a large installation,
CC: Central Compensation with workshops having different load factors.
GC: Group Compensation
IC: Individual Compensation Compensation of individual loads
M: Motor Load
The capacitor bank is connected right at the inductive load terminals (especially
Fig. 6
large motors). This configuration is very appropriate when the load power is
significant compared to the subscribed power.
This is the ideal technical configuration, as the reactive energy is produced
exactly where it is needed, and adjusted to the demand.
14 PFCED310004EN
General Method for determining
compensation
Fixed compensation
This arrangement uses one or more capacitor(s) to provide a constant level
of compensation. Control may be:
bb Manual: by circuit-breaker or load-break switch
bb Semi-automatic: by contactor
bb Direct connection to an appliance and switched with it.
These capacitors are installed:
bb At the terminals of inductive loads (mainly motors)
bb At busbars supplying numerous small motors and inductive appliances for which
individual compensation would be too costly
bb In cases where the load factor is reasonably constant.
Automatic compensation
This kind of compensation provides automatic control and adapts the quantity of
reactive power to the variations of the installation in order to maintain the targeted
cos φ. The equipment is installed at points in an installation where the active-power
and/or reactive-power variations are relatively large, for example:
bb on the busbars of a main distribution switchboard
bb on the terminals of a heavily-loaded feeder cable.
Where the kvar rating of the capacitors is less than or equal to 15% of the power
supply transformer rating, a fixed value of compensation is appropriate. Above the
15% level, it is advisable to install an automatically-controlled capacitor bank.
Control is usually provided by an electronic device (Power Factor Controller) which
monitors the actual power factor and orders the connection or disconnection of
capacitors in order to obtain the targeted power factor. The reactive energy is thus
controlled by steps. In addition, the Power Factor Controller provides information on
the network characteristics (voltage amplitude and distortion, power factor, actual
active and reactive power…) and equipment status. Alarm signals are transmitted in
case of malfunction.
Connection is usually provided by contactors. For compensation of highly fluctuating
loads use of active filters or Electronic Var Compensators (EVC) are recommened.
Contact Schneider Electric for electronic compensation solutions.
Dynamic compensation
This kind of compensation is required when fluctuating loads are present, and
voltage fluctuations have to be prevented. The principle of dynamic compensation is
to associate a fixed capacitor bank and an electronic var compensator, providing
either leading or lagging reactive currents.
The result is continuously varying fast compensation, perfectly suitable for loads
such as lifts, crushers, spot welding, etc.
PFCED310004EN 15
General Method for determining
compensation
bb Or from the total harmonic current distortion THD(I) measured at the transformer
secondary, at full load and without capacitors:
bb Or from the total harmonic voltage distortion THD(U) measured at the transformer
secondary, at full load and without capacitors:
16 PFCED310004EN
General Method for determining
compensation
bb If both THD(I) and THD(U) are measured and do not result in the same type
of power factor correction, the most rigorous solution must be chosen.
Example:
A measurement gives:
bb THD(I) = 15% VarSet "polluted network" solution
bb THD(U) = 3.5% VarSet "low polluted network" solution
The VarSet "polluted network" solution must be chosen.
General
The purpose of the detuned reactors (DR) is to prevent the harmonics present on
the network from being amplified and to protect the capacitors (this corresponds
to our VarSet "polluted network" range). They must be connected in series with
the capacitors.
Caution: as the detuned reactors generate an overvoltage at the capacitor terminals,
capacitors of at least 480 V must be used for a 400 V network.
Technical data
bb Choice of tuning
The tuning frequency fr corresponds to the resonance frequency of the L-C assembly.
fr = 1 / (2 √LC)
We also speak of tuning order n.
For a 50 Hz network, we have:
n = fr / 50 Hz
bb The tuning order chosen must ensure that the harmonic current spectrum range is
outside the resonance frequency.
bb It is also important to ensure that no remote-control frequencies are disturbed.
The most common tuning orders are 3, 8 or 4.3 (2.7 is used for 3rd order harmonics).
Tuning order selection table for Network 50 Hz
(1) a tuning order of 4,2 can be used in France with a remote control frequency of 175Hz.
(2) Example of three-phase harmonic generators : Variable speed drives, rectifiers,UPS,starters.
(3) Single phase harmonic generators case must be considered if the power of single phase
harmonic generators in KVA is more than half of the total power of your harmonic generators.
Tuning order Relative impedance Tuning frequency for Tuning frequency for
[ p = 1 / n² ] ( % ) @ 50 Hz (Hz) @ 60 Hz (Hz)
2,7 14 135 162
3,8 7 190 228
4,2 5,7 215 252
PFCED310004EN 17
General Typical solutions
depending on applications
Customer requirements
The table below shows the solutions most frequently used in different types of
applications.
Very frequently
Usually
Occasionally
In all cases, it is strongly recommended that measurements be carried out on site
in order to validate the solution.
Our Power Factor Correction equipment are not suitable for a use
in an environment with an explosive atmosphere (ATEX).
18 PFCED310004EN
PFCED310004EN 19
VarSet offer
20 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Contents
Global presentation 22
Selection guide 24
Fix compensation 26
Automatic compensation 28
Configurated offer 42
Construction of references VarSet Easy 44
Construction of references VarSet 45
VarSet characteristics 46
PFCED310004EN 21
VarSet offer Global presentation
VarSet Easy 01
IS O ce
9rti fie d
0m anufacturing
Quality
IS O 1 4 an
0
ag em
0 1
ent system
ta l m
Environmen
> Tested
-- f ully type tested according to IEC 61439-1 & 2,
IEC 61921
22 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Global presentation
VarSet 01
IS O ce
9rti fie d
0m anufacturing
Quality
IS O 1 4 an
0
ag em
0 1
ent system
ta l m
Environmen
Simplicity Reliability
> Easy installation > Protection
-- compact enclosure up to 300 kVAr -- s tep protection with circuit breaker from 125
-- top or bottom cable connections to 1150 kVAr
-- easily accessible gland plates for power cables -- thermal monitoring device
-- mounting brackets for easy wall mounting -- main incomer circuit breaker protection
(optional)
> Ease of use and maintenance -- direct and accidental contact protection
-- e asy programming and commissioning with -- main switch rotary handle (optional)
Varlogic™ controller
-- simple replacement or retrofit of VarplusCan > Robust envelop
capacitors -- I P31 protection for indoor application
-- IP54 protection for dusty, industrial
> Straightforward EMS integration environments (optional)
-- M
odbus communication protocol (Varlogic -- IK10 protection against mechanical shocks
NRC12 option) for integration with building
-- high quality welding and coating
management and energy monitoring systems
> Tested and certified
Durability -- f ully type tested according to IEC 61439-1 & 2,
IEC 61921
> Long life performance
-- multi-capacitor architecture
-- step switching with special design contactors
-- over heating protection and alarm for detuned
reactors
-- earthing studs welded to the frame and door
PFCED310004EN 23
VarSet offer Selection guide
24 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Selection guide
The compensation needs of your installation vary depending on factors such as load variation,
Network harmonic pollution level and the characteristics of the installation. Find out the right
level of compensation for your network with the help of the chart below.
Choose Choose
automatic compensation fixed compensation
PFCED310004EN 25
VarSet offer Fix compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
Low polluted network
Polluted network - Tuning order 3.8 & 4.2
General characteristics
Electrical Characteristics
Rated Voltage 400 V - 50 Hz
Capacitance Tolerance -5%, +10%
Connection type Three-phase
Power losses < 2.5 W/kVAr for low polluted network
< 6 W/kVAr for polluted network
Shortime withstand current Low polluted network and polluted network
Icw = 30 kA/1s for floor-standing without circuit breaker
Breaking Capacity Low polluted network
Icc = 15 kA for wall-mounted and floor-standing
with circuit breaker
Polluted network
Icc = 35 kA for floor-standing with circuit breaker
Maximum permissible over current 1.43 In for low polluted network
(with thermal protection included) 1.31 In for polluted network with 4.2 tuning factor
1.19 In for polluted network with 3.8 tuning factor
Maximum permissible over voltage 1.1 x Un, 8 h every 24 h
Insulation voltage 500 V up to 32 kVAr, 690 V from 50 kVAr
Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage 8 kV
Environment (Uimp)
bb Installation: Indoor Enclosure
bb Ambient temperature: -5°C to 45°C Degree of protection IP54
bb Average daily temperature: +35°C max Colour RAL 9003
bb Humidity: up to 95% Degree of mechanical resistance IK10
Protection against direct contacts IPxxB
bb Maximum altitude: 2000 m open door
26 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Fix compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
Low polluted network
Polluted network - Tuning order 3.8 & 4.2
Polluted network
References Power Tuning order / Enclosure type
(kVAr) Tuning Frequency
3.8 / 190 Hz 4.2 / 210 Hz
With circuit breaker
Floor-standing - Bottom connection
VLVFF4P03506AA 50 - VLVFF4P
VLVFF4P03507AA 75 -
VLVFF4P03508AA 100 -
VLVFF4P03510AA 150 -
VLVFF4P03512AA 200 -
VLVFF4P03506AD 50 -
VLVFF4P03507AD 75 -
VLVFF4P03508AD 100 -
VLVFF4P03510AD 150 -
VLVFF4P03512AD 200 -
PFCED310004EN 27
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
VarSet Easy
No polluted network
General characteristics
Electrical Characteristics
Rated Voltage 400 V - 50 Hz
Capacitance Tolerance -5%, +10%
Connection type Three-phase
Power losses < 2.5 W/kVAr
Shortime withstand current Icw = 30 kA/1s for wall-mounted without circuit breaker
Breaking Capacity Icc = 15 kA for wall-mounted (7.5 to 30 kVAr)
with circuit breaker
Icc = 35 kA for wall-mounted (37.5 to 200 kVAr)
with circuit breaker
Maximum permissible over current 1.36 In for no polluted network
Environment Maximum permissible over voltage 1.1 x Un, 8 h every 24 h
bb Installation: Indoor Overload protection By Thdu management from controller
bb Ambient temperature: -5°C to 45°C Insulation voltage 500 V up to 30 kVAr, 690 V from 37 kVAr
bb Average daily temperature: +35°C max Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage 8 kV
bb Humidity: up to 95% (Uimp)
bb Maximum altitude: 2000 m Enclosure
Degree of protection IP31
Standards Colour RAL 7035
bb IEC 61921 Degree of mechanical resistance IK10
bb IEC 61439-1/2 Protection against direct contacts IP00 - accidental contact protection
open door
Environment certifications Controller
RoHS compliant, produced in 14001 certified Varlogic NR6
plants, product environmental profile available Head circuit breaker protection
Without circuit breaker Busbar Connection
LV bank must be protected by a circuit breaker
on upstream switchboard
With circuit breaker iC60 up to 30 kVAr, Easypact cvs from 50 kVAr
Rotary handle above 100 kVAr
Step
Capacitors Type EasyCan 400 V - 50 Hz
Maximum over current: 1.5 In
Overpressure protection
Discharge resistance 50 V - 1 min
Contactors Dedicated to capacitor switching
Temperature control
By Varlogic NR6
Instalation
Auxiliary supply Transformer 400/230 V included from 82 kVAr
TI not included 5 VA - secondary 5 A
To be installed upstream of the load and capacitor bank
GenSet contact Must be connected with the generator
Alarm contact Available for remote warning signal
28 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
VarSet Easy
No polluted network
PFCED310004EN 29
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
Low polluted network
General characteristics
Electrical Characteristics
Rated Voltage 400 V - 50 Hz
Capacitance Tolerance -5%, +10%
Connection type Three-phase
Power losses < 2.5 W/kVAr
Shortime withstand current Icw = 30 kA/1s for wall-mounted and floor-standing
without circuit breaker
Breaking Capacity Icc = 15 kA for wall-mounted (6 to 32 kVAr)
with circuit breaker
Icc = 35 kA for wall-mounted (from 34 kVAr) and
floor-standing with circuit breaker
Maximum permissible over current 1.43 In
(with thermal protection included)
Environment Maximum permissible over voltage 1.1 x Un, 8 h every 24 h
bb Installation: Indoor Overload protection By step CB protection and Thdu management from controller
bb Ambient temperature: -5°C to 45°C Insulation voltage 500 V up to 32 kVAr, 690 V from 34 kVAr
bb Average daily temperature: +35°C max Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage 8 kV
bb Humidity: up to 95% (Uimp)
bb Maximum altitude: 2000 m Enclosure
Degree of protection IP31
Standards Colour RAL 9003
bb IEC 61921 Degree of mechanical resistance IK10
bb IEC 61439-1/2 Protection against direct contacts IPxxB
open door
Environment certifications Controller
RoHS compliant, produced in 14001 certified Varlogic NR6 / NR12
plants, product environmental profile available Head circuit breaker protection
Without circuit breaker Busbar Connection
LV bank must be protected by a circuit breaker
on upstream switchboard
With circuit breaker Compact NSX
Rotary handle above 100 kVAr
Step
Capacitors Type VarplusCan 400 V - 50 Hz
Maximum over current: 1.8 In
Overpressure protection
Discharge resistance 50 V - 1 min
Contactors Dedicated to capacitor switching
Circuit Breaker Protection Compact NSX from 125 kVAr
Temperature control
By thermostat and controller
Instalation
Auxiliary supply Transformer 400/230 V included from 50 kVAr
TI not included 5 VA - secondary 5 A
To be installed upstream of the load and capacitor bank
GenSet contact Must be connected with the generator
Alarm contact Available for remote warning signal
30 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
Low polluted network
PFCED310004EN 31
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
Polluted network
Tuning order 3.8 - Tuning frequency 190 Hz
General characteristics
Electrical Characteristics
Rated Voltage 400 V - 50 Hz
Capacitance Tolerance -5%, +10%
Connection type Three-phase
Power losses < 6 W/kVAr for polluted network
Shortime withstand current Icw = 30 kA/1s for wall-mounted without circuit breaker
Icw = 35 kA/1s for floor-standing without circuit breaker
Breaking Capacity Icc = 35 kA for wall-mounted and floor-standing
with circuit breaker
Maximum permissible over current 1.19 In for polluted network with 3.8 tuning factor
(with thermal protection included)
Maximum permissible over voltage 1.1 x Un, 8 h every 24 h
Overload protection By step CB protection and Thdu management from controller
Insulation voltage 690 V up to 200 kVAr, 800 V from 225 kVAr
Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage 8 kV
(Uimp)
Enclosure
Degree of protection IP31
Colour RAL 9003
Degree of mechanical resistance IK10
Protection against direct contacts IPxxB
open door
Environment Controller
bb Installation: Indoor Varlogic NR6 / NR12
bb Ambient temperature: -5°C to 45°C Head circuit breaker protection
bb Average daily temperature: +35°C max Without circuit breaker Busbar Connection
bb Humidity: up to 95% LV bank must be protected by a circuit breaker
bb Maximum altitude: 2000 m on upstream switchboard
With circuit breaker Compact NSX
Standards Rotary handle
bb IEC 61921 Step
bb IEC 61439-1/2 Capacitors Type VarplusCan 480 V - 50 Hz
Maximum over current: 1.8 In
Environment certifications Overpressure protection
RoHS compliant, produced in 14001 certified Discharge resistance 50 V - 1 min
plants, product environmental profile available Detuned Reactor Varplus DR
Overheating protection by thermostat
Contactors Dedicated to capacitor switching
Circuit Breaker Protection Compact NSX
Temperature control
By thermostat and controller
Instalation
Auxiliary supply Transformer 400/230 V included from 50 kVAr
TI not included 5 VA - secondary 5 A
To be installed upstream of the load and capacitor bank
GenSet contact Must be connected with the generator
Alarm contact Available for remote warning signal
32 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
Polluted network
Tuning order 3.8 - Tuning frequency 190 Hz
PFCED310004EN 33
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
Polluted network
Tuning order 4.2 - Tuning frequency 210 Hz
General characteristics
Electrical Characteristics
Rated Voltage 400 V - 50 Hz
Capacitance Tolerance -5%, +10%
Connection type Three-phase
Power losses < 6 W/kVAr for polluted network
Shortime withstand current Icw = 30 kA/1s for wall-mounted without circuit breaker
Icw = 35 kA/1s for floor-standing without circuit breaker
Breaking Capacity Icc = 35 kA for wall-mounted and floor-standing
with circuit breaker
Maximum permissible over current 1.31 In for polluted network with 4.2 tuning factor
(with thermal protection included)
Maximum permissible over voltage 1.1 x Un, 8 h every 24 h
Overload protection By step CB protection and Thdu management from controller
Insulation voltage 690 V up to 200 kVAr, 800 V from 225 kVAr
Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage 8 kV
(Uimp)
Enclosure
Degree of protection IP31
Colour RAL 9003
Degree of mechanical resistance IK10
Protection against direct contacts IPxxB
open door
Environment Controller
bb Installation: Indoor Varlogic NR6 / NR12
bb Ambient temperature: -5°C to 45°C Head circuit breaker protection
bb Average daily temperature: +35°C max Without circuit breaker Busbar Connection
bb Humidity: up to 95% LV bank must be protected by a circuit breaker
bb Maximum altitude: 2000 m on upstream switchboard
With circuit breaker Compact NSX
Standards Rotary handle
bb IEC 61921 Step
bb IEC 61439-1/2 Capacitors Type VarplusCan 480 V - 50 Hz
Maximum over current: 1.8 In
Environment certifications Overpressure protection
RoHS compliant, produced in 14001 certified Discharge resistance 50 V - 1 min
plants, product environmental profile available Detuned Reactor Varplus DR
Overheating protection by thermostat
Contactors Dedicated to capacitor switching
Circuit Breaker Protection Compact NSX
Temperature control
By thermostat and controller
Instalation
Auxiliary supply Transformer 400/230 V included from 50 kVAr
TI not included 5 VA - secondary 5 A
To be installed upstream of the load and capacitor bank
GenSet contact Must be connected with the generator
Alarm contact Available for remote warning signal
34 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
Polluted network
Tuning order 4.2 - Tuning frequency 210 Hz
PFCED310004EN 35
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
Polluted Network
Tuning order 2,7 - Tuning frequency 135 Hz
General characteristics
Electrical Characteristics
Rated Voltage 400 V - 50 Hz
Capacitance Tolerance -5%, +10%
Connection type Three-phase
Power losses < 6 W/kVAr for polluted network
Shortime withstand current Icw = 30 kA/1s for wall-mounted without circuit breaker
Icw = 35 kA/1s for floor-standing without circuit breaker
Maximum permissible over current 1.12 In for polluted network with 2.7 tuning factor
(with thermal protection included)
Maximum permissible over voltage 1.1 x Un, 8 h every 24 h
Overload protection By step CB protection and Thdu management from controller
Insulation voltage 690 V up to 200 kVAr, 800 V from 225 kVAr
Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage 8 kV
(Uimp)
Enclosure
Degree of protection IP31
Colour RAL 9003
Degree of mechanical resistance IK10
Protection against direct contacts IPxxB
open door
Controller
Varlogic NR6 / NR12
Environment
bb Installation: Indoor
Head circuit breaker protection
Without circuit breaker Busbar Connection
bb Ambient temperature: -5°C to 45°C
LV bank must be protected by a circuit breaker
bb Average daily temperature: +35°C max on upstream switchboard
bb Humidity: up to 95% Step
bb Maximum altitude: 2000 m Capacitors Type VarplusCan 480 V - 50 Hz
Maximum over current: 1.8 In
Standards Overpressure protection
bb IEC 61921 Discharge resistance 50 V - 1 min
bb IEC 61439-1/2 Detuned Reactor Varplus DR
Overheating protection by thermostat
Environment certifications Contactors Dedicated to capacitor switching
RoHS compliant, produced in 14001 certified Circuit Breaker Protection Compact NSX
plants, product environmental profile available Temperature control
By thermostat and controller
Instalation
Auxiliary supply Transformer 400/230 V included from 50 kVAr
TI not included 5 VA - secondary 5 A
To be installed upstream of the load and capacitor bank
GenSet contact Must be connected with the generator
Alarm contact Available for remote warning signal
36 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 50 Hz
Polluted Network
Tuning order 2,7 - Tuning frequency 135 Hz
PFCED310004EN 37
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
Top Entry 400 V / 50 Hz
Low polluted network
Polluted network - Tuning order 3.8
General characteristics
Electrical Characteristics
Rated Voltage : 400 V - 50 Hz
Capacitance Tolerance -5%, +10%
Connection type Three-phase
Power losses < 2.5 W/kVAr for low polluted network
< 6 W/kVAr for polluted network
Shortime withstand current Low polluted network and polluted network
Icw = 30 kA/1s for wall-mounted and floor-standing
without circuit breaker
Breaking Capacity Low polluted network
Icc = 15 kA for wall-mounted (12.5 and 32 kVAr)
with circuit breaker
Icc = 35 kA for wall-mounted (from 37.5 kVAr) and
floor-standing with circuit breaker
Polluted network
Icc = 30 kA for floor-standing (50 to 200 kVAr)
with circuit breaker
Icc = 35 kA for floor-standing (from 225 kVAr)
with circuit breaker
Environment Maximum permissible over current 1.43 In for low polluted network
(with thermal protection included) 1.19 In for polluted network with 3.8 tuning factor
bb Installation: Indoor
Maximum permissible over voltage 1.1 x Un, 8 h every 24 h
bb Ambient temperature: -5°C to 45°C
Overload protection By step CB protection and Thdu management from controller
bb Average daily temperature: +35°C max
Insulation voltage 500 V up to 32 kVAr, 690 V from 37.5 kVAr for
bb Humidity: up to 95% low polluted network
bb Maximum altitude: 2000 m 690 V up to 200 kVAr, 800 V from 225 kVAr for
polluted network
Standards Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage 8 kV
bb IEC 61921 (Uimp)
bb IEC 61439-1/2 Enclosure
Degree of protection IP31
Environment certifications Colour RAL 9003
RoHS compliant, produced in 14001 certified Degree of mechanical resistance IK10
plants, product environmental profile available Protection against direct contacts IPxxB
open door
Controller
Varlogic NR6 / NR12
Head circuit breaker protection
Without circuit breaker Busbar Connection
LV bank must be protected by a circuit breaker
on upstream switchboard
With circuit breaker Compact NSX with rotary handle
only above 100 kVAr for low polluted network
Step
Capacitors Type VarplusCan 400 V - 50 Hz for low polluted network
VarplusCan 480 V - 50 Hz for polluted network
Maximum over current: 1.8 In
Overpressure protection
Discharge resistance 50 V - 1 min
Detuned Reactor Varplus DR
Overheating protection by thermostat
Contactors Dedicated to capacitor switching
Circuit Breaker Protection Compact NSX from 125 kVAr for Low Polluted Network
Compact NSX from 50 kVAr for Polluted Network
Temperature control
By thermostat and controller
Instalation
Auxiliary supply Transformer 400/230 V included from 50 kVAr
TI not included 5 VA - secondary 5 A
To be installed upstream of the load and capacitor bank
GenSet contact Must be connected with the generator
Alarm contact Available for remote warning signal
38 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
Top Entry 400 V / 50 Hz
Low polluted network
Polluted network - Tuning order 3.8
General characteristics
Electrical Characteristics
Rated Voltage : 400 V - 60 Hz
Capacitance Tolerance -5%, +10%
Connection type Three-phase
Power losses < 2.5 W/kVAr for low polluted network
< 6 W/kVAr for polluted network
Breaking Capacity Low polluted network
Icc = 30 kA for wall-mounted and floor-standing
with circuit breaker and circuit breaker + Modbus Com
Polluted network
Icc = 30 kA for floor-standing (200 kVAr)
with circuit breaker and circuit breaker + Modbus Com
Icc = 35 kA for floor-standing (from 300 kVAr) with
circuit breaker and circuit breaker + Modbus Com
Maximum permissible over current 1.43 In for low polluted network
(with thermal protection included) 1.19 In for polluted network with 3.8 tuning factor
1.12 In for polluted network with 2.7 tuning factor
Maximum permissible over voltage 1.1 x Un, 8 h every 24 h
Overload protection By step CB protection and Thdu management from controller
Insulation voltage 690 V for low polluted network
690 V for 200 kVAr, 800 V from 300 kVAr for
polluted network
Environment Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage 8 kV
bb Installation: Indoor (Uimp)
bb Ambient temperature: -5°C to 45°C Enclosure
bb Average daily temperature: +35°C max Degree of protection IP31
bb Humidity: up to 95% Colour RAL 9003
bb Maximum altitude: 2000 m Degree of mechanical resistance IK10
Protection against direct contacts IPxxB
Standards open door
bb IEC 61921 Controller
bb IEC 61439-1/2 Varlogic NR6 / NR12 / NRC12
Head circuit breaker protection
Environment certifications With circuit breaker Compact NSX
RoHS compliant, produced in 14001 certified Rotary handle
plants, product environmental profile available
Step
Capacitors Type VarplusCan 400 V - 60 Hz for low polluted network
VarplusCan 480 V - 60 Hz for polluted network
Maximum over current: 1.8 In
Overpressure protection
Discharge resistance 50 V - 1 min
Detuned Reactor Varplus DR
Overheating protection by thermostat
Contactors Dedicated to capacitor switching
Circuit Breaker Protection Compact NSX from 125 kVAr for low polluted network
Compact NSX from 50 kVAr for polluted network
Temperature control
By thermostat and controller
Instalation
Auxiliary supply Transformer 400/230 V included from 50 kVAr
TI not included 5 VA - secondary 5 A
To be installed upstream of the load and capacitor bank
GenSet contact Must be connected with the generator
Alarm contact Available for remote warning signal
40 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Automatic compensation
400 V / 60 Hz
Low polluted network
Polluted network - Tuning order 2.7 & 3.8
Polluted network
References Power Smallest Regulation No. of No. of Tuning order / Enclosure type
(kVAr) step electrical physical Tuning Frequency
Steps Steps
With circuit breaker
Floor-standing - Bottom connection
VLVAF4P03612AH 200 50 50 + 50 4 2 2.7 / 162 Hz VLVAF4P
VLVAF6P03616AH 300 50 50 + 50 + 100 + 100 6 4 VLVAF6P
VLVAF6P03618AH 400 50 50 + 50 + 100 + 100 + 100 8 5
VLVAF6P03620AH 500 50 50 + 50 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 10 6
VLVAF6P03622AH 600 100 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 6 6
VLVAF4P03612AA 200 50 50 + 50 4 2 3.8 / 228 Hz VLVAF4P
VLVAF6P03616AA 300 50 50 + 50 + 100 + 100 6 4 VLVAF6P
VLVAF6P03618AA 400 50 50 + 50 + 100 + 100 + 100 8 5
VLVAF6P03620AA 500 50 50 + 50 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 10 6
VLVAF6P03622AA 600 100 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 + 100 6 6
PFCED310004EN 41
VarSet offer Configurated offer
400 V / 50 Hz - 400 V / 60 Hz
Fix or automatic compensation
A large range of power in kvar are available and some options can be choosen
by our customers, to adapt the offer to exact and specifics needs.
Options available
IP Protection
bb IP31
bb IP54, for harsh and dusty environments
Tuning Order
bb 2.7
bb 3.8
bb 4.2
Incomer protection
bb 35 kA circuit breaker protection, with rotary handle
bb 35 kA circuit breaker protection, without rotary handle
bb 65 kA circuit breaker protection, with rotary handle
bb 65 kA circuit breaker protection, without rotary handle
bb No incomer protection
Instalation
bb Top connection
bb Bottom connection
bb with or without plinth
Auxiliary transformer
Varlogic power factor controller
bb NR6/12 controllers
bb NRC12 controller with Modbus communication
Emballage
bb Standard ou maritime
VarSet Configurator
Available from your http://Schneiderelectric.com
1 - Search for VarSet LV
2 - On VarSet LV homepage
3 - Click on product configurator
42 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Configurated offer
400 V / 50 Hz - 400 V / 60 Hz
Fix or automatic compensation
Look at the
characteristics of
your capacitor bank
Export your
configuration
reference list
to Excel
PFCED310004EN 43
VarSet offer Construction of references
VarSet Easy
V LV A W0 L 020 A 40 A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 Range
V: VarSet
2 Low Voltage
LV: Low Voltage
3 Type of compensation
A: Automatic
F: Fixed
5 Pollution
L: No polluted
6 Power
Power Code kVAr Power Code kVAr
007 7.5 125 125
015 15 150 150
017 17.5 175 175
020 20 200 200
025 25 225 225
030 30 250 250
037 37.5 275 275
045 45 300 300
050 50 350 350
060 60 400 400
070 70 450 450
075 75 500 500
082 82.5 550 550
090 90 600 600
100 100
7 Frequency
A: 50 Hz
B: 60 Hz
8 Design voltage
Voltage Voltage code
400 V 40
9 Options
A: Head CB & no step protection & no additional voltage supply
B: No Head CB & no step protection & no additional voltage supply
44 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer Construction of references
VarSet
V L V A W 0 N 0 3 5 1 0 AA
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 Range
V: VarSet
2 Low Voltage
LV: Low Voltage
3 Type of compensation
A: Automatic
F: Fixed
5 Pollution
N: Low polluted
P: Polluted
6 Voltage
Voltage code Voltage
01 230 V
02 240 V
03 400 V
05 440 V
06 480 V
07 600 V
08 690 V
7 Frequency
5: 50 Hz
6: 60 Hz
8 Power
Power Code kVAr Power Code kVAr Power Code kVAr Power Code kVAr
26 6 29 69 13 225 20 500
1 9 7 75 32 238 21 550
27 12,5 30 87,5 14 250 22 600
2 16 8 100 15 275 34 700
3 22 9 125 16 300 35 800
4 32 31 137,5 17 350 36 900
5 34 10 150 18 400 37 1000
28 37,5 11 175 33 425 38 1100
6 50 12 200 19 450 39 1150
9 Options
Used to differentiate other options: for example, with and without incoming circuit-breaker
Low polluted Network Polluted Network
AA Head CB AA Head CB & Tuning factor 3,8
AB Without Head CB AB Without Head CB & Tuning factor 3,8
AC Without Head CB & Top Entry AC Without Head CB & Tuning factor 3,8 & Top entry
AK Head CB & Top entry AD Head CB & Tuning factor 4,2
CB Head CB & Modbus communication AE Without Head CB & Tuning factor 4,2
AG Without Head CB & Tuning factor 2,7
AH Head CB & Tuning factor 2,7
AK Head CB & Tuning factor 3,8 & Top entry
CB Without Head CB & Tuning factor 3,8 &
Modbus communication
CH Head CB & Tuning factor 2,7 &
Modbus communication
PFCED310004EN 45
VarSet offer VarSet characteristics
46 PFCED310004EN
VarSet offer VarSet characteristics
W 1 W
H H H
2
D
D D1
D
D1
VLVAF5N Floor-standing enclosures. VLV•W2, VLV•W3 Wall-mounted enclosures or floor-standing with plinth.
W
W
H
H
D
D1
D1
PFCED310004EN 47
Appendix
48 PFCED310004EN
Appendix Contents
PFCED310004EN 49
Appendix Power factor of most
common receiving
devices
50 PFCED310004EN
Appendix When should fixed power factor
correction be used?
PFCED310004EN 51
Appendix When should fixed power factor
correction be used?
When a motor drives a high inertia load, it may, after breaking of supply voltage,
continue to rotate using its kinetic energy and be self-excited by a capacitor bank
mounted at its terminals.The capacitors supply the reactive energy required for it to
operate in asynchronous generator mode. Such self-excitation results in voltage
holding and sometimes in high overvoltages.
Fig. 10 Parallel-mounting
of capacitors with separate
operating mechanism.
52 PFCED310004EN
Appendix Automatic compensation:
installation advice
M
Precautions during installation
As mentioned previously, it will be necessary to ensure a complementary installation
M of the current transformer so that it can read the total consumption of the installation.
M of connection to a single LV It is indispensable to set up the current transformer (CT) in accordance with Fig. 11,
Fig. 11 Diagram
busbar and CT location. and installing the system at any of the points indicated by a cross would result in the
system malfunctioning.
PFCED310004EN 53
Appendix Control system
Controller
Programming a controller
The data to be programmed into a controller on start up include the following
bb desired cos φ of the installation,
bb C/K relationship.
These data are unique to each installation and cannot be programmed in the factory.
54 PFCED310004EN
Appendix Control system
Reactive current
What is the C/K?
C/K
The controller is the component deciding on the input or output of various power
scales depending on three parameters:
+
bb desired cos φ of the installation,
C/K
Inductive bb existing cos φ at every stage of the installation,
0,75
φ Active bb current of the first stage (the minimum regulating mark of the bank).
current
The input of current of the controller is always carried out through a camera
Capacitive –
0,75 transformer of the X/5 type.
For the controller to be able to reach the decision of connecting or disconnecting a
given stage, it has to know what the reactive current to be input into the installation is
Fig. 16 Interpretation of the C/K adjustment going to be and this current must be referred to the secondary the current
in a reactive power controller. transformer (CT) , the value "read" by the controller.
The method of programming this value, known as the C/K ratio, is given below:
Q /√3 x U
C/K = 1
RTI
where:
Q1= reactive power of the first stage (VAR).
U = Voltage FF.
RTI = CT relationship (X/5).
Example:
Bank rated at 70 kVAr, formed of the following power stages: 10 + 20 + 40.
The installation is connected in which the main protection circuit breaker is 630 A.
The CT to be installed will be 700/5 and the C/K calculation will be:
C/K = 10 x 1000/(√3 x 400) / 700 / 5 = 0,10.
PFCED310004EN 55
Appendix General information
about harmonics
Introduction
Harmonics are usually defined by two main characteristics:
bb Their amplitude:
value of the harmonic voltage or current.
+ bb Their order:
value of their frequency with respect to the fundamental frequency (50 Hz).
Under such conditions, the frequency of a 5th order harmonic is five times greater
than the fundamental frequency, i.e. 5 x 50 Hz = 250 Hz.
56 PFCED310004EN
Appendix General information
about harmonics
%
100
Harmonic measurement: distortion
100
The presence of varying amounts of harmonics on a network is called distortion.
80 It is measured by the harmonic distortion rates:
60 bb Th: individual distortion rate
52
It indicates, as a %, the magnitude of each harmonic with respect to the value of the
40 34
fundamental frequency:
20
4 4 Th (%) = Ah / A1
0 n
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 11 10 13
Where:
Fig. 19 Harmonic spectrum for single phase industrial Ah = the value of the voltage or current of the h-order harmonic.
devices, induction furnaces, welding machines, A1 = the value of the voltage or current at the fundamental frequency (50 Hz).
rectifiers,etc.
Interharmonics
Interharmonics are sinusoidal components with frequencies that are not integral
multiples of the fundamental frequency (and therefore situated between the
harmonics). They are the result of periodic or random variations of the power
absorbed by different loads such as arc furnaces, welding machines and
frequency converters (variable speed drives, cycloconvertors).
PFCED310004EN 57
Appendix Causes and effects
of harmonics
V= I=
Harmonic generators
V= I= Harmonics are generally produced by non-linear loads which, although powered
by a sinusoidal voltage, absorb a non-sinusoidal current.
In short, non-linear loads are considered to behave as current sources that inject
harmonics into the network.
The most common non-linear harmonic loads are those found in devices fed by
power electronics, such as variable speed drives, rectifiers, converters, etc.
Loads such as saturable reactors, welding equipment, arc furnaces etc. also
inject harmonics.
Other loads have a linear behaviour and do not generate harmonics: inductors,
resistors and capacitors.
Fig. 21 Linear loads such as inductors, capacitors
and resistors do not generate harmonics.
58 PFCED310004EN
Appendix Causes and effects
of harmonics
PFCED310004EN 59
Index of references
60 PFCED310004EN
Index of references
PFCED310004EN 61
Notes
62 PFCED310004EN
Find more about Power Quality
Solutions
AccuSine
Harmonic Filtering and Reactive Power Compensations
The Schneider Electric solution for active harmonic filtering in industrial and
building installations
Relevant documents
Relevant documents published by Schneider Electric
bb Electrical Installation Guide.
bb Expert Guide n°4: "Harmonic detection & filtering".
bb Expert Guide n°6: "Power Factor Correction and Harmonic Filtering Guide"
bb Technical Guide 152: "Harmonic disturbances in networks, and their treatment".
bb White paper: controlling the impact of Power Factor and Harmonics on Energy Efficiency.
Relevant websites
bb http://www.schneider-electric.com
bb https://www.solution-toolbox.schneider-electric.com/segment-solutions
bb http://engineering.electrical-equipment.org/
bb http://www.electrical-installation.org
Relevant standards
bb IEC 60831 - Shunt power capacitors of the self healing for a.c. systems up to 1000V
bb IEC 61642 - Application of filters and shunt capacitors for industrial a.c. networks affected
by harmonics
bb IEC 61921 - Power capacitors-low voltage power factor correction capacitor banks
PFCED310004EN 63
© Schneider Electric Industries SAS - All rights reserved
www.schneider-electric.com Printing:
PFCED310004EN 02-2015