UNIVERSITY KUALA LUMPUR MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL &

BIOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

PROCESS DYNAMIC AND CONTROL

CPB 30004

MINI PROJECT PROGRESS 3

SUBMITTED BY:

No. NAME ID NUMBER

1. AZWAN BIN AHMAD 55213115254

2. MUHAMMAD BIN MOHD ASRI 55213115266

3. NURUL FARIHAH BT ABU SAIRI 55213115262

4. SITI ZULAIKHA WAHIDAH BT HASSAN 55220115198

5. NURAISHAH HANNY BT KHAIRUL ANWAR 55213115074

PREPARED FOR :
DR ZULHAFIZ BIN TAJUDIN

SUBMISSION DATE:
17th SEPTEMBER 2017
MiniProject Process Dynamic and Control – Progress 2

Contents

Page number

Title Page 1

Contents 2

Two Choosen Advance Control Strategy 3-4

Safety 5-6

Mathematical Modelling 7

References 8

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 MiniProject Process Dynamic and Control – Progress 2

TWO CHOOSEN ADVANCE CONTROL STRATEGY AND INSTALL IT IN YOUR PLANT

1. Selective Control
TT3

TT2

TC

TT1

high selective

INLET OUTLET

F = 260.9 kmol/h F = 260.9 kmol/h

T= 217⁰C
T = 215⁰C
P = 1997 kpa
P = 2000 kpa
B = 0.5610
B = 0.7471
EB = 0.3728
EB = 0.0005
DEB = 0.0610
DEB = 0.2499

 The alkylation of diethyl benzene to ethyl benzene occurs at a high temperature (minimum
of 200 ⁰C). Therefore, the solution is preheated before it enters the reactor. The pressure
inside the reactor is also high to ensure that the mixture stays in liquid phase despite the
high temperature.
 Alkylation is an exothermic reaction. So this reaction will increase the temperature of the
mixture inside the reactor. This alkylation reactor is design to withstand a temperature up
to 270 ⁰C and pressure up to 2500 kpa.

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 MiniProject Process Dynamic and Control – Progress 2

 However, as the temperature rises, the kinetic energy of the molecule increase and will
resulting in the increase of pressure. To prevent an overheating of the reactor selective
control is install.

2. Cascade control

INLET OUTLET

T – 215.0 ⁰C T – 217.8⁰C

P – 2000 KPA P – 1997 KPA

F-261.2 KMOL/H F-261.2 KMOL/H

B – 0.7471 B – 0.5611

EB-0.0005 EB-0.3726

E-0.002 E-0.002

M-0.0005 M-0.0005

 Cascade control happen at Transkylation Reactor

 The master at temperature controller 201. While the inner at pressure controller 202.
 High benzene to diethylbenzene (DEB) ratio in transkylation allow high DEB conversion to be
achieved equilibrium.

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 MiniProject Process Dynamic and Control – Progress 2

SAFETY

START UP PROCEDURE (HEAT EXCHANGER)

A C
B

D OUTPUT

A- Open the cold inlet with open vent

B- Hot inlet closed
C- Let the cold medium to circulate
D- Cold vent are closed when fully fully flooded
E- Hot medium enter gradually with open vent
F- Closed the hot vent when all passages are filled

When doing startup for heat exchanger, the hot fluid should not be entered immediately. This
is because it can cause the temperature shock when a sudden hot fluid entered, Thus, a “and” logic
gate are used to ensure that none of the procedure could be by pass.

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 MiniProject Process Dynamic and Control – Progress 2

SHUT DOWN PROCEDURE (HEAT EXCHANGER)

A E
B
OUTPUT
C
F
D

A- Closed the hot inlet

B- Open the hot vent
C- Closed the cold inlet
D- Open the cold vent
E- Fully drain the hot fluid and closed the outlet
F- Fully drain the the cold fluid and closed the outlet
For the shut down process, all vent must be open beacause the pressure inside, the heat
exchanger will be high when the outlets are closed. Also, all fluid need to be drain completely to
avoid any kind of oxidise damage. Therefore a logic gate of “and” need to be used to ensure the
safety and lifespan of the heat exchangers.

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MiniProject Process Dynamic and Control – Progress 2

MATHEMATICAL MODELLING

Table 1: Reaction schemes and rate equations adapted from the literature

Table 2: Comparison between the plant data and the simulation of model 1

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MiniProject Process Dynamic and Control – Progress 2

REFFERENCES

1. Ng, Qi Han, Sharma, Shivom, Rangaiah, Gade Pandu. Design and Analysis of an Ethyl
Benzene Production Process using Conventional Distillation Columns and Dividing-Wall
Column for Multiple Objectives. Chemical Engineering Research and Design,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2016.10.046