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This Handbook has been developed based on the First Edition of 1999, its four subsequent
supplements, and through the review and input of an Editorial Board comprised architects from
each region of Canada.
Editor-in-Chief
Jon Hobbs, OAA, FRAIC
Disclaimer
Neither the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada nor the Editorial Board, nor the Editors take responsibility for the accuracy or
completeness of any information or its fitness for any particular purpose. The Handbook describes procedures for general practice
only and is neither exhaustive nor complete. Based on specific facts or circumstances, the application of these procedures may
vary, such as variances from province to province. The Handbook outlines recommended practices; however, these recommendations
are not to be interpreted as a standard of practice or a standard of care in the provision of professional services.
Canadian
Handbook of
Practice
for
Architects
T a b l e o f
Contents
Introduction
Acknowledgements
Photo Credits
List of Acronyms used in the Design and Construction Industry
Index of Lists, Checklists, and Charts
The Canadian Handbook of Practice for Architects is the result of a great collaborative effort by the architectural
profession from every region of the country. This Second Edition of 2009 has been developed and published in
both official languages.
The Handbook includes information and advice, in the form of summaries, lists, checklists, charts, and sample
documents, as well as sources of additional reference material.
History
In March of 1974, the Ontario Association of Architects (OAA) initiated the production of a Canadian Handbook of
Practice for Architects, specifically tailored to Canadian architectural practice. J. Hugh Westren, the Editor of the
first edition, was commissioned in June 1974 to start work on a Handbook of national scope. The first edition
was published in 1976. In the early 1990s, some revisions were made to a few sections of the Handbook.
Many of these revisions were reprinted from information provided by The American Institute of Architects.
In January of 1997, the National Practice Program — an alliance of the ten provincial associations of
architects and the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada — appointed a national Editorial Board to direct
the creation of a new, updated edition of the Canadian Handbook of Practice for Architects. The National
Practice Program approved a business plan for this venture in June of 1998 with the development costs being
underwritten by every provincial association of architects. Editors were appointed, and the writing and editing
of this new edition commenced in the fall of 1998.
In April 2004 the provincial associations of architects assigned the copyright for the Canadian Handbook of
Practice for Architects and other contract documents for the architecture profession to the RAIC. In the spring
of 2008, the RAIC Board of Directors appointed a new Editorial Board to direct the updating of the Second
Edition of the Canadian Handbook of Practice for Architects. This edition incorporates all of the four
supplements issued since the 1999 edition and updates the references. Also, new information is incorporated
and advice has been revised to meet current standards of practice. This Second Edition, primarily distributed
in electronic format, was published in the spring of 2009.
Volume 2 Management
Volume 2 is divided into two sections: Management of the Practice and Management of the Project. Each of
the 22 chapters contains instructional and descriptive information as well as checklists and some sample
forms for the practitioner to use and modify. Additional forms are provided in CCDC 24: A Guide to Model
Forms and Support Documents which should be obtained and inserted in Volume 3.
In addition, tabs have been provided to permit users to insert information supplied by the provincial or
territorial associations of architects and the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada, as well as other relevant
reference material.
Your suggestions about information which should be added, or existing material which should be revised, are
welcome. Suggestions and comments should be addressed to:
The Royal Architectural Institute of Canada
55 Murray Street, Suite 330
Ottawa, Ontario K1N 5M3
E-mail: practiceadvisor@raic.org
Thank You’s
In my introduction to the first edition I thanked the many writers and editors involved in creating such
an important document to assist the architecture profession in Canada. It is very important to thank
them once again as their work was the foundation for this Second Edition. The updates and revisions for
this Second Edition were directed by a new Editorial Board comprised of D. Gregg Brown, FRAIC, MAIBC;
Cathy Capes, MRAIC, OAA; Pierre Corriveau, MIRAC, OAQ; Louis Lessard, MIRAC, OAQ; Rick Linley, FRAIC,
MAA; Robert J. Ojolick, MRAIC, NSAA and Barbara Shipman, FRAIC, AAA. I must thank them for the long
meetings in Ottawa and for the time they spent in reviewing great volumes of text at short notice. Once
again it has been an honour to work with such a great team.
Acknowledgements
The Royal Architectural Institute of Canada Louis Lessard, MRAIC, OAQ, launched his own
gratefully acknowledges the following individuals practice in 1995. In 2007 the firm became
who have contributed to the creation of the Lessard & Côté Architectes. In 2008-2009 Louis
Canadian Handbook of Practice for Architects: was the Vice-President of the Association des
architectes en pratique privée du Québec or
Editorial Board for this Second Edition 2009: AAPPQ, serves on committees at the Ordre des
architectes du Québec (OAQ) and teaches at the
D. Gregg Brown, FRAIC, MAIBC, REFP, LEED AP, University of Montréal.
is a principal of KMBR Architects Planners Inc.,
Vancouver, British Columbia, a full service firm Rick Linley, FRAIC, MAA, M.Arch, PMP, LEED AP,
focused on sustainable community architecture. is a principal and Chief Operating Officer with
Smith Carter Architects and Engineers
Cathy Capes, MRAIC, OAA, LEED AP, is a project Incorporated, based in Winnipeg, Manitoba.
architect with Farrow Partnership Architects in
Toronto, Ontario, who create architecture that Robert J. Ojolick, MRAIC, B.Sc., B.Arch., NSAA,
lifts the human spirit while advancing clients’ MCIP, LPP, is president of R.J. Ojolick &
business goals. Associates Ltd., Architects and Planners, Sydney,
Nova Scotia. Bob practices architecture and
Pierre Corriveau, MIRAC, OAQ, has been in planning in eastern Nova Scotia and is a past
practice since 1982 and today he is associated president of the Nova Scotia Association of
with Sylvie Girard where he directs the firm, Architects (1980 – 1982). Bob was a member of
Corriveau et Girard. Their Montréal firm the Editorial Board for the first edition in 1999.
specializes in health care and institutional
projects. Pierre was a member of the Editorial Barbara Shipman, FRAIC, AAA is principal of
Board for the first edition in 1999. Barbara Shipman Architect. The firm provides
services ranging from project business cases,
programming and advocate architect roles during
design and construction, to facility design,
construction and contract administration
primarily for institutional projects.
Anthony Butler, B.Arch., OAA, FRAIC, is a sole Allen N. Humphries, B.E.S., B.Arch., OAA, is
practitioner based in Hamilton, Ontario. an employee of Webb Zerafa Menkès Housden
Partnership in Toronto, Ontario and owner of
Richard Coulombe, B.Arch., M.Sc., OAQ, MPMI, Aleph 5, a consulting company.
is an architect and project management
professional in Scéno Plus (experts in theatre Robert Lacoste, B.Arch., OAQ, MRAIC, is
and entertainment projects) in Montréal, Québec a partner in the firm Fichten Soiferman et
and also is a consultant in project management. Associés, architectes in Montréal, Québec.
John G. Davies, B.Arch., C.Arb., OAA, MRAIC, Rick Linley, M.Arch., MAA, MRAIC, PMP, is a
is President of John G. Davies, Architect, principal and Quality System Manager with Smith
Incorporated, based in Ottawa, Ontario. Carter Architects and Engineers Incorporated, in
Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Peter Dobbing, B.Arch., MRAIC, FCSC, RSW, is a
retired architect and a Life Member of Construction Terry Mager, MAIBC, MRAIC, is a director in
Specifications Canada, in Ottawa, Ontario. Pacific Architectural Group Inc., in Vancouver,
British Columbia.
Thomas Emodi, B.Arch., M.E.S., NSAA, RAIC, is
principal of Thomas Emodi: Architect operating Vivian Manasc, MBA, MRAIC, is principal of
in Canada and Australia, and a professor and the Manasc Isaac Architects and is Adjunct Assistant
Dean of Faculty of Architecture at Dalhousie Professor of Architecture at the University of
University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Calgary.
Michael A. Ernest, MAIBC, is the Director of Dorothy Mazeau, OAA, MRAIC, is President of
Professional Services of the Architectural Institute Allen Mazeau Associates, in Bolton, Ontario, a
of British Columbia. firm offering development services, with a focus
on community development.
Martin Gerskup, B.Arch., OAA, MRAIC, is principal
of the building science firm, Best Consultants, and Robert J. McCrea, B.Arch., OAA, FRAIC, is
sole practitioner, Martin Gerskup Architect, based a sole practitioner based in Toronto, Ontario.
in Richmond Hill, Ontario.
Peter McLaren, B.Arch., OAA, MRAIC, is a
Daniel B. Goodspeed, B.Arch., NSAA, MRAIC, shareholder and associate principal of Dunlop
is a partner in Kassner/Goodspeed Architects, Farrow Inc. Architects and is based in the DFA
based in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Toronto office.
Photo Credits
The following photographs of details of buildings or “building fragments” have been used throughout
this Handbook.
AA Aluminum Association
AAA The Alberta Association of Architects
AAMA American Architectural Manufacturers Association
AANB Architects’ Association of New Brunswick
AAPEI Architects Association of Prince Edward Island
AAPPQ Association des Architectes en Pratique Privée du Québec
ABET Accrediting Board for Engineering and Technology
ACE Architects’ Council of Europe
ACEC Association of Canadian Engineering Companies
ACEQ Association of Consulting Engineers of Quebec
ACI American Concrete Institute
ACPA American Concrete Pavement Association
ACPA American Concrete Pipe Association
ACSA Associate of Collegiate Schools of Architecture
ADR Alternative Dispute Resolution
AECB Atomic Energy Control Board
AFP Alternative Funding Plan
AGC Associated General Contractors of America
AGMCA Architectural Glass and Metal Contractors Association
AHA American Hardboard Association
AHRI Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute
AI Asbestos Institute
AIA American Institute of Architects
AIAS American Institute of Architecture Students
AIBC Architectural Institute of British Columbia
AITC American Institute of Timber Construction
AMA Architectural Metals Association
AMCA Air Movement and Control Association Inc.
ANSI American National Standards Institute
APA American Plywood Association
Acronym Name
Acronym Name
Acronym Name
Acronym Name
Acronym Name
Acronym Name
CH-21 Checklist: Issues to consider when preparing a Joint Venture Agreement 2.1.1
CH-22 Checklist: Items for Consideration in a Buy/Sell Agreement 2.1.2
CH-23 Annual Budget Calculation Sheet 2.1.4
CH-24 Checklist: Information to include in a Manual on
Office Policies and Procedures 2.1.5
CH-25 Chart: A Project Filing Format 2.1.5
CH-26 Checklist: Planning a Meeting 2.1.6
CH-27 Checklist: Issues for Consideration in an Employment Agreement 2.1.7
CH-28 GO NO-GO Checklist to Assess the Degree of Risk 2.1.9
CH-29 Checklist: Issues to Consider When Assembling the Consulting Team 2.1.9
CH-30 Chart: Comparison of Statutes of Limitations in Each
Province and Territory 2.1.9
CH-31 Checklist: Scope of Services 2.1.10
CH-32 Checklist: Supplemental Architectural Services 2.1.10
CH-33 Checklist for the Management of the Architectural Project 2.3.1
CH-34 Chart: Standard Forms of Construction Contract and
their Application 2.3.2
CH-35 Site Evaluation Checklist 2.3.4
CH-36 Checklists for an Integrated Design Process for
Retrofitting Buildings 2.3.4
CH-37 Checklist: Information required on Land Surveys 2.3.4
CH-38 Suggested Table of Contents for a Design Report 2.3.6
CH-39 Checklist: Internal Review of Drawings 2.3.7
CH-40 Checklist: Life Safety Information to Include on Drawings 2.3.7
CH-41 Checklist: Information to Include on Drawings
for Small “Part 9” Buildings 2.3.7
CH-42 Chart: National Building Code Data Matrix 2.3.7
CH-43 Checklist: Assembling and Writing the Specifications 2.3.8
CH-44 List: The Bid Package — A List of Information Required 2.3.9
CH-45 List: Instructions to Bidders — A List of Information to be Provided 2.3.9
CH-46 Checklist: Typical Items for Shop Drawing Review 2.3.10
CH-47 Checklist: Suggested Agenda for the Pre-construction Meeting 2.3.11
CH-48 Checklist: General Items for Field Review 2.3.11
CH-49 Checklist: Final Field Review 2.3.11
CH-50 Checklist: Architect’s Role in Soils and Materials Testing 2.3.11
CH-51 Checklist: Maintenance of Architectural Components 2.3.12
CH-52 Checklist: Replacement of Building Components 2.3.12
CH-53 List: RAIC Practice Builders 3.6.1
January 2009 Canadian Handbook of Practice for Architects