PE+Mechanical+Exam+ (All+Tests) +v2 0 2

Version 2.0.
PE Mechanical Exam
J. de la Fuente P.E.
www.oughtredco.com
Copyright © 2016 by Oughtred Co. All rights Reserved. No part
of this publication may be retransmitted or copied electronically
without the prior written permission of Oughtred Co.
www.oughtredco.com 2
Solution Key ............................................................................................................................ 4
General Morning Session Answers ................................................................................................... 4
HVAC & Refrigeration Afternoon Session Answers ........................................................................... 5
Mechanical Systems and Materials Afternoon Session Answers ....................................................... 6
Thermal and Fluids Afternoon Session Answers ............................................................................... 7
General Morning Session ......................................................................................................... 9

HVAC & Refrigeration Afternoon Session .............................................................................. 50
Mechanical Systems and Materials Afternoon Session .......................................................... 91
Thermal and Fluids Afternoon Session................................................................................. 133
Solution Key
General Morning Session Answers
###001 [D]
###002 [C]
###003 [B]
###004 [A]
###005 [B]
###006 [D]
###007 [C]
###008 [A]
###009 [C]
###010 [B]
###011 [D]
###012 [D]
###013 [B]
###014 [C]
###015 [B]
###016 [D]
###017 [B]
###018 [C]
###019 [B]
###020 [D]
###021 [A]
###022 [B]
###023 [A]
###024 [D]
###025 [C]
###026 [B]
###027 [B]
###028 [B]
###029 [B]
###030 [D]
###031 [A]
###032 [C]
###033 [D]
###034 [C]
###035 [B]
###036 [B]
###037 [D]
###038 [B]
###039 [B]
###040 [A]
HVAC & Refrigeration Afternoon Session Answers
###041 [C]
###042 [D]
###043 [C]
###044 [A]
###045 [A]
###046 [D]
###047 [D]
###048 [B]
###049 [C]
###050 [A]
###051 [C]
###052 [C]
###053 [A]
###054 [D]
###055 [B]
###056 [C]
###057 [A]
###058 [A]
###059 [D]
###060 [B]
###061 [C]
###062 [D]
###063 [C]
###064 [B]
###065 [D]
###066 [A]
###067 [B]
###068 [D]
###069 [B]
###070 [C]
###071 [A]
###072 [B]
###073 [B]
###074 [D]
###075 [A]
###076 [B]
###077 [D]
###078 [A]
###079 [A]
###080 [D]
Mechanical Systems and Materials Afternoon Session Answers
###081 [B]
###082 [B]
###083 [D]
###084 [A]
###085 [C]
###086 [C]
###087 [C]
###088 [D]
###089 [D]
###090 [A]
###091 [D]
###092 [C]
###093 [A]
###094 [B]
###095 [A]
###096 [C]
###097 [C]
###098 [D]
###099 [B]
###100 [C]
###101 [B]
###102 [A]
###103 [D]
###104 [D]
###105 [C]
###106 [D]
###107 [B]
###108 [A]
###109 [D]
###110 [A]
###111 [C]
###112 [D]
###113 [D]
###114 [A]
###115 [B]
###116 [A]
###117 [C]
###118 [D]
###119 [D]
###120 [A]
Thermal and Fluids Afternoon Session Answers
###121 [C]
###122 [A]
###123 [D]
###124 [D]
###125 [A]
###126 [B]
###127 [C]
###128 [B]
###129 [B]
###130 [D]
###131 [C]
###132 [C]
###133 [C]
###134 [B]
###135 [A]
###136 [D]
###137 [B]
###138 [B]
###139 [C]
###140 [D]
###141 [B]
###142 [D]
###143 [B]
###144 [A]
###145 [D]
###146 [C]
###147 [D]
###148 [C]
###149 [B]
###150 [B]
###151 [B]
###152 [D]
###153 [D]
###154 [B]
###155 [D]
###156 [D]
###157 [A]
###158 [B]
###159 [C]
###160 [D]
Notes:
A “(f)” next to the problem number indicates an accompanying figure is

used for the problem.
A “(t)” next to the problem number indicates an accompanying table of
data is used for the problem.
A “(g)” next to the problem number indicates Greek letters are used in
the problem or solution.
General Morning Session
OUGHTRED CO PE MORNING SESSION
## Q 001 (f)
Given the electrical circuit shown, which of the following statements

is true?
#[A] V1 + V2 = IR1 + IR2 + IR3 + IR4

#[B] V1 / (R1 + R2 + R3) = V2 / R4
#[C] 1 / R1 + 1 / R2 + 1 / R3 = 1 / R4
#[D] Equivalent Resistance for the loop, Re = R1 + R2 + R3 + R4
## Q 002
An engineer deposits $20,000 in a savings account on the day his child

is born. He deposits an additional $2000 on every birthday after that.
The account has a 6% nominal interest rate, compounded continuously.
How much money will be in the account the day after the child’s 21st
birthday?
#[A] $140,200
#[B] $145,000
#[C] $152,200
#[D] $160,000
## Q 003
A graduating high school student decided to take some time off and
work to save for college. Good for her. She decides to invest all
money earned in a bond earning 6%, compounded quarterly.
The student hopes to save $10,000 by the time school stares in 12

months. How much money she have to save each month?
#[A] $2,200
#[B] $2,445
#[C] $2,800
#[D] $3,120
## Q 004
A manufacturing production department operates 80 hrs a week. The

process has a production rate of 45 units per hour, with a scrap rate
of 1 out of 80 units.
With a 10% lost production allows, the number of good units that can
be delivered per week is most nearly:
#[A] 3200
#[B] 3356
#[C] 3487
#[D] 3564
## Q 005 (t)
A build schedule for a multi-stage system consists of the following:
Follows
Task Description Duration in Days
Task
A Procure parts from India None 2
B Procure parts from China A 2
C Delivery of parts from India B 7
D Delivery of parts from China A 11
E Assemble and package system C & D 2
If the manufacturing of parts from India is delayed by 4 days, now

required 11 days to obtain the parts, the total completion delay is
most nearly:
#[A] 1
#[B] 2
#[C] 3
#[D] 4
## Q 006 (f)
A machinist wants to create a hole for a 3/8-16 NC x 0.75 inch long

countersunk screw. The dimensions of the hole and plates are shown in
the figure. What is most nearly the value of Dimension h so that the
screw head will be flush with the part surface?
#[A] .173
#[B] .182
#[C] .189
#[D] .199
## Q 007 (f)
The minimum distance between the surface of Hole A and Slot B is most
nearly:
#[A] 0.10
#[B] 0.15
#[C] 0.20
#[D] 0.25
## Q 008 (t)
A commercial product consist of a substrate and an active ingredient

sold in drums. The active ingredient is sold in three different
formulations.
Formulation 1 $8 / lb 100 units / lb
The amount of Formulation 1 used per drum cannot exceed 3 lb and the
amount of Formulation 2 used per drum cannot exceed 2 lb. The total
cost of active ingredient cannot exceed $36 per drum.
Under these constraints, the largest number of units of active

ingredient that can be added per drum is most nearly:
#[A] 600
#[B] 645
#[C] 700
#[D] 725
## Q 009 (f)
The voltage and the current across the 10 ohm resistor in the center
leg is most nearly?
#[A] 2 V ; 1 A
#[B] 3 V ; 0.7 A
#[C] 6.7 V; 0.7 A
#[D] 10 V; 1 A
## Q 010 (t)
A firm uses an economic analysis to determine which of two different

machines to purchase. Each machine is capable of performing the same
task in a given amount of time. Assume the minimum attractive rate of
return is 7%.
machine x machine y
initial cost $8000 $12000
estimated life 7 years 13 years
salvage value none $4,000
annual maintenance cost $150 $175
What is the approximate equivalent uniform annual cost of machine X?
#[A] $1343
#[B] $1685
#[C] $1729
#[D] $1790
## Q 011 (t)
A firm uses an economic analysis to determine which of two different

machines to purchase. Each machine is capable of performing the same
task in a given amount of time. Assume the minimum attractive rate of
return is 7%.
machine x machine y
initial cost $8000 $12000
estimated life 7 years 13 years
salvage value none $4,000
annual maintenance cost $150 $175
What is the approximate equivalent uniform annual cost of machine Y?
#[A] $1221
#[B] $1302
#[C] $1383
#[D] $1475
## Q 012
A company produces a bearing that is commonly used by several OEM's

who manufacture golf carts. The base cost of operation (rent,
utilities, etc.) is $500,000 per year. The cost of manufacturing is
$1.35 per bearing. The scrap rate is one bearing per 400. Each bearing
sells for $8.00. How many must be made each year to break even,
assuming each one made and meets spec is sold?
#[A] 63,000
#[B] 67,000
#[C] 70,000
#[D] 75,000
## Q 013 (f)
A metal alloy is need consisting of 75% pearlite and 25% ferrite when
cooled at a slow rate from 2200 °F to room temperature. The metal that
best meets this need is:
#[A] AISI 1040

#[B] AISI 1060
#[C] AISI 310
#[D] Class 10 grey cast iron
## Q 014
A 1 kg brick lays at rest on a broken shelf that has a slope of 35%

relative to its horizontal base. What is most nearly the static
coefficient of friction between the book and the shelf?
#[A] .53
#[B] .65
#[C] .70
#[D] .85
## Q 015 (f)
A cantilevered beam 40 m long is supported at its left end (Point A)

and 8 m from its right end (Point B). The beam bears a uniform load of
20 N/m and a concentrated load of 600 N applied 6 m from its right
end. What is most nearly the vertical shear acting on the beam at
point C, which is 10 m from the left end?
#[A] -84 N (downward)

#[B] -56 N (downward)
#[C] 56 N (downward)
#[D] 84 N (downward)
## Q 016 (f)
A 1/4 inch diameter pipe hanger rod is loaded in tension with a 2,000
lb force. If the rod is 10 inch long and is made of the tensile tested
material shown, the total elongation (inch) it will experience is most
nearly:
#[A] 0.0004
#[B] 0.002
#[C] 0.005
#[D] 0.07
## Q 017
A welded circular tube with a 0.03 inch wall thickness and a 0.50
outside diameter experiences periodic torque varying between -10
in∙lbf and 50 in∙lbf.
The tube is steel with a 42,000 psi yield strength and a 72,000 psi
tensile ultimate strength. The tube endurance strength is 20,000 psi,
and no stress concentrations exist. What is most nearly the factor of
safety for infinite life fatigue loading?
#[A] 1.6
#[B] 3.2
#[C] 4.7
#[D] 6.4
## Q 018
A nickel alloy must be selected for an aircraft engine. It must

support 28,000 psi at 1400 °F without yielding. Also, a strength-to-
density ratio (psi / lbm / in^3) in excess of 100,000 and a strength-
to-cost ratio (psi / $) of less than 350 is required. Properties of
our four options are shown.
#Yield Strength at 1400 °F (psi):
Ys Alloy 1 = 42,000 lbf/inch^2

#Density (lbm/in^3):
Density Alloy 1 = .304 lbm/inch^3

#Cost ($/lbm):
Cost Alloy 1 = $100/lbm

What material best satisfies the given design specification?
#[A] nickel alloy 1

#[B] nickel alloy 2
#[C] nickel alloy 3
#[D] nickel alloy 4
## Q 019
A linear spring mass system consisting of a spring with a spring

constant of 50 lbf/in and a mass of 25 lbm undergoes free vibration.
The linear frequency (cycles/sec) of this vibration is most nearly:
#[A] 3.45
#[B] 9.8
#[C] 45.4
#[D] 61
## Q 020 (f)
The 3000 lbf load shown in the figure is supported by a beam that is
secured by six 3/4-16 inch diameter bolts in a hexagonal array with
neighboring bolts 4 inch apart.
What is the largest shear stress (psi) experienced by any one bolt?
#[A] 3215
#[B] 4259
#[C] 6789
#[D] 8060
## Q 021
The Mach number just upstream of a normal shock wave in air (k = 1.1)
is 7.5. The Mach number downstream of the normal shock wave is most
nearly:
#[A] 0.25
#[B] 1.00
#[C] 1.42
#[D] 2.00
## Q 022
The water level of a 15 psig pressurized tank is 8 ft below the water

level of an open tank. A pump 15 ft below the water level of the open
tank delivers water through schedule-40 steel pipe to the pressurized
tank. The losses due to both pipe friction and fittings are 24 ft. The
pump must have a total dynamic head in feet of water of most nearly:
#[A] 65
#[B] 85
#[C] 103
#[D] 124
## Q 023
A fan supplies 9000 cfm of air through a 240 ft long rectangular duct.
The duct dimensions are 18 x 24 inches. If the duct has a friction
factor of 0.07 and a roughness of 0.0003 ft, the total static pressure
drop due to friction, in inches of water, is most nearly
#[A] 5.5
#[B] 11
#[C] 23
#[D] 33
## Q 024
Water at 20 °C flows through the pipe system, with a minimum ID of 19

mm.
The flow rate is 300 L / min (0.30 m^3 / min). There are two 90 degree
bends and one 45 degree bend in the system.
If the loss coefficients for the 90 degree elbows and 45 degree elbow
are 1.5 and 0.4 respectively, what is most nearly the sum of the minor
(head) losses (in meters) for the system?
#[A] 8
#[B] 18
#[C] 37
#[D] 67
## Q 025
Water at 60 °F flows through a 1 inch brass pipe (1.063 inch ID) at 7

fps. The Moody friction factor is 0.025. The pressure drop (psi) over
a 100-ft length of this pipe is most nearly:
#[A] 50
#[B] 78
#[C] 530
#[D] 600
## Q 026 (f)
An engineer is pondering the addition of a diffuser to a tank exit.

Refer to the figure. The exit velocity of the water without the
diffuser and the sharp edge on the tank is 14.7 fps. With the
diffuser, the flow rate of the system will increase, percentage wise,
by most nearly
#[A] 25
#[B] 35
#[C] 55
#[D] 65
## Q 027 (f)
The system shown is used to test a 1750 rpm centrifugal pump. The line
from the water tank to the pump is 10 ft of 3 inch schedule-40 steel
pipe and an assortment of bends.
If the flow rate of the 80 °F water in the system is 1500 gpm and the
head loss from all piping is 25 ft, the net positive suction head
available (NPSHA) in feet is most nearly
#[A] 6
#[B] 11
#[C] 24
#[D] 37
## Q 028
A feedwater pump delivers 50 gpm water to a hydraulic system. It has

been specified that the water velocity in the pipe must not exceed 10
ft/sec given upstream pump limitations. What minimum size schedule 40
pipe (nominal) will carry the flow without exceeding the maximum
velocity criteria?
#[A] 1 in
#[B] 1.5 in
#[C] 3 in
#[D] 8 in
## Q 029 (f) (g)
Water in a supply tank is used to form a small fountain of water in a

park. Twenty feet of 4 inch schedule 40 steel pipe contains four long
radius 90 degree elbows and one open gate valve run from the bottom of
the tank to the discharge point.
The opening in the tank has a sharp edge. If the minimum height that
the 50 °F water must achieve is 8 ft, the minimum water depth, in
feet, the tank needs to maintain is most nearly:
#[A] 12
#[B] 30
#[C] 44
#[D] 51
## Q 030
A 20 cubic foot tank holds 6 lbm of compressed nitrogen gas at 100 °F.
Gas is released until the bottle pressure reaches 150 psi. What is
most nearly the amount of gas released in lbm?
#[A] .030
#[B] .80
#[C] 1.0
#[D] 1.4
## Q 031
The turbines of a hydroelectric plant are placed 250 ft below the

surface of the lake with a surface area of 300 square miles.
There is no flow into the lake. The only outlet from the lake is
through the turbines. At maximum power generation one turbine
generates 190,000 kW, with the water from the turbine being discharged
into the lake into a slow moving tailrace.
If the head loss though the intakes, penstock, and outlet works is 7
ft and there are 20 turbines in the plant generating
maximum power, the least amount of time to lower the lake by 1 ft is
most nearly:
#[A] 0.52 days

#[B] 1.6 days
#[C] 27 days
#[D] 140 days
## Q 032 (g)
In 2 hours, how much black-body radiation escapes a 3 cm by 2 cm

rectangular opening in a kiln whose internal temperature is 900 °C?
#[A] 79 kJ
#[B] 125 kJ
#[C] 463 kJ
#[D] 745 kJ
## Q 033
A counterflow shell-and-tube heat exchanger is to be designed using 1

inch OD, 0.875 inch ID, 10 foot long tubing. 20,500 lbm/hr of water at
55 °F are used to cool 22,780 lbm/hr of a 95% ethyl alcohol solution
(with a specific heat of 0.9 Btu / lbm - °F) form 160 °F to 110 °F.
If the overall heat coefficient of heat transfer based on the outer

tube area is 50 Btu / hr - °F, then the number of tubes in the heat
exchanger is most nearly:
#[A] 37
#[B] 68
#[C] 96
#[D] 143
## Q 034
Steam at 1200 °F enters a turbine that operates in a Rankine cycle. If

the cycle operates between pressures of 1000 psia and 30 psia, the
efficiency of the cycle is most nearly:
#[A] 20%
#[B] 30%
#[C] 40%
#[D] 50%
## Q 035
When running at full load, a chiller has the capacity to cool 200 gpm
of water from 60 °F to 40 °F. If the rated coefficient of performance
(COP) is 5.2, the total compressor heat that must be rejected to the
cooling tower is most nearly.
#[A] 21 tons
#[B] 32 tons
#[C] 120 tons
#[D] 190 tons
## Q 036 (g)
8000 cfm of recirculated air from a room conditioned to 64 °F and 30%

relative humidity are mixed with 4000 cfm of outdoor air at 90 °F db
and 81 °F wb prior to entering a cooling coil system.
The humidity ratio (lbm of moisture per lbm dry air) of air entering
the cooling coil system is most nearly:
#[A] 0.0093
#[B] 0.011
#[C] 0.014
#[D] 0.015
## Q 037
A portable unit heater is used to heat a room with no windows. The

1200 ft^2 external wall is made up of 2 inch of polystyrene rigid
insulation sandwiched between 8 inch brick and 5/8 inch gypsum board.
Assume this composite structure has a heat resistance of 9.5 hr-ft^2-
°F / Btu and that all heat flows through this interface.
The outdoor winter design temperature is 5 °F and the room is to be

maintained at 78 °F. Using a 2x safety factor, the required heating
capacity in kW for the unit heater is:
#[A] 1.1
#[B] 1.4
#[C] 2.6
#[D] 5.4
## Q 038
A refrigeration system of capacity of 2 refrigeration ton has a

compressor work of 3.3 kW. The coefficient of performance of the
system is most nearly:
#[A] 0.6
#[B] 2.1
#[C] 3.1
#[D] 11
## Q 039
A room contains equipment that consumes 5,000 W of power. In addition,

10 lbm/hr of water vapor is released into the room. The resulting
cooling load (Btu / hr) is most nearly:
#[A] 9,000
#[B] 27,500
#[C] 37,000
#[D] 45,000
## Q 040
An environmental criterion for a museum requires 3000 ft^3 / min

supply air to be delivered to a gallery space at 65 °F db and 51 °F
wb. If the condition of the air leaving the cooling coil is 50 °F db
and 52 °F wb, the reheat load is most nearly.
#[A] 48,000 Btu / hr

#[B] 57,000 Btu / hr
#[C] 61,000 Btu / hr
#[D] 72,000 Btu / hr
HVAC & Refrigeration Afternoon Session
OUGHTRED CO MECHANICAL PE AFTERNOON HVAC REFRIGERATION SESSION
## Q 041
An automotive air-conditioning system based on R-134a operates between

500 psia and 12 psia.
If 500 psia saturated liquid R-134a is throttled to 12 psia, the

change [Btu / lbm x °R] in entropy (S_Final - S_Initial) will be most
nearly:
#[A] -0.05
#[B] 0.01
#[C] 0.04
#[D] 0.12
## Q 042
The amount of energy required to vaporize 2 pound mass of water

originally at 50 °F and STP is most nearly (in Btu):
#[A] 1,000
#[B] 1,130
#[C] 1,980
#[D] 2,260
## Q 043
Air is originally at 90 °F and 14.7 psia. It is compressed

isentropically to 100 psia. The new temperature and enthalpy (°F ,
Btu/lbm) is most nearly:
#[A] 980, 220

#[B] 1000, 200
#[C] 960, 231
#[D] 800, 211
## Q 044 (f)
Recirculated air at 6,000 cfm, pulled from a room conditioned to 75 °F

and 50% relative humidity, is mixed with 1,000 cfm of outdoor air at
90 °F db and 75 °F wb prior to passing through a cooling coil and a
fan for distribution back into the room.
The coil has a total capacity of 400,000 Btu/hr and a sensible cooling
capacity of 275,000 Btu/hr. The fan power at the shaft is 4.2 bhp. The
temperature of the air leaving the coil (in °F) is most nearly:
#[A] 40
#[B] 50
#[C] 60
#[D] 65
## Q 045 (f)
In the psychometric process diagram shown, what process is best

described in going from stage 3 to stage 4:
#[A] sensible and latent heating

#[B] dehumidification
#[C] sensible and latent cooling
#[D] evaporative cooling
## Q 046
An experimental refrigeration system using R-134a operates at 50 psia

on the low pressure side and 100 psia on the high pressure side. The
300 ton system delivers refrigerant vapor with 40 °F superheat to the
compressor.
If the refrigerator on the high pressure side is cooled to saturated

liquid before expansion, the required refrigerant mass is most nearly:
#[A] 23,000
#[B] 29,000
#[C] 32,000
#[D] 50,000
## Q 047 (t) (g)
Sally, a junior level thermodynamics student, determines the following

parameters for air that is at 65 °F dry bulb and 30% relative
humidity:
wet bulb temperature (°F) = 49 °F

humidity ratio (ω) = 28 grains of moisture / lbm dry air
enthalpy (h, Btu/lbm) = 20 Btu / lbm dry air
dew point temperature (°F) = 34 °F
specific volume (ft^3 per lbm) = 13.3 ft^3 / lbm
vapor pressure (psia) = .093 psia
degree of saturation = .3011
What can we say about her analysis?
#[A] She got dew point temperature incorrect

#[B] She got enthalpy incorrect
#[C] She got the wrong answer for vapor pressure
#[D] She determined all parameters correctly
## Q 048
6000 cfm of 40 °F dry bulb, 35 °F wet bulb air are mixed with 65,000
cfm of 75 °F dry bulb, 50% relative humidity air. The final dry bulb
temperature in °F is most nearly.
#[A] 45
#[B] 58
#[C] 64
#[D] 70
## Q 049
The infiltration (in ft^3 / hr) around a 4 ft wide by 5 ft high double

hung wood window in a residence facing south if the due-south wind
velocity is 25 mph is most nearly:
#[A] 500
#[B] 780
#[C] 1760
#[D] 2480
## Q 050
A microprocessor is to be mounted on a printed circuit board inside a

personal computer. The microprocessor measures 1 inches x 1 inches x
1/8 inch high and emits 30 W of heat through its top and side
surfaces. The base is completely insulated.
Surface emissivity is 0.65, the heat transfer coefficient is

approximately 2 Btu / (hr x ft^2 x °F), and surroundings are at 70 °F,
and no forced cooling is provided. Radiation heat transfer accounts
for 90% of the total heat transfer. The surface temperature in °F is
most nearly:
#[A] 424
#[B] 587
#[C] 789
#[D] 987
## Q 051
A motor transfers heat to the atmosphere through a 10 inch x 10 inch

vertical flat plate. Assume laminar natural convection is the dominant
transfer mechanism. Radiation is negligible. Atmospheric temperature
is 65 °F, and the surface temperature measures 155 °F. The transferred
heat flow in Btu/hr is most nearly.
#[A] 120
#[B] 175
#[C] 220
#[D] 380
## Q 052
An electric heater is needed on the second floor of a three story

building. The room has no windows. The 1200 ft^2 external wall is made
up of 2 inch of polystyrene rigid insulation sandwiched between 8 inch
brick.
The outdoor winder design temperature is 15 °F, and the room is to be

maintained at 70 °F. Using a 100% safety factor, the required heating
capacity of the electric heater in kW is most nearly:
#[A] 1.2
#[B] 2.9
#[C] 4.0
#[D] 5.0
## Q 053
A 0.7 inch x 0.7 inch x 15 inch rod, with k = 95 Btu / hr∙ft∙°F, has
one end held at a constant 500 °F. The still air temperature is 90 °F.
The temperature (in °F) 3 inches from the base if the average film
coefficient is 1.65 is most nearly:
#[A] 415
#[B] 435
#[C] 466
#[D] 480
## Q 054 (g)
You are in charge of the design of a tankless water heater, which must
heat a municipal supply of water as it flows through the device. The
heating tube (ID = 2.00 inch, OD = 2.125 inch) shall raise the
temperature of water flowing in the pipe at 30 fps from 50 °F to 110
°F. The tube wall is held constant at 200 °F by an electric heating
element that runs on a 240 volt supply. The Nusselt Prandtl number is
4.52 and the Reynolds number is 3.38 x 10^5.
The length of heating tube (in ft) needed to meet these requirements
is most nearly:
#[A] 11
#[B] 15
#[C] 20
#[D] 29
## Q 055
A large ceiling fan supplies 2300 cfm of air through a 200 ft long
rectangular duct. The duct dimensions are 18 inches x 24 inches. The
duct has a friction factor of 0.032 and a roughness of .0006 ft. The
total static pressure drop due to friction in inches of water is most
nearly:
#[A] .08
#[B] .14
#[C] .45
#[D] 3
## Q 056
A 5 inch diameter steel sphere achieves a terminal velocity of 105

inches/sec when dropping through a tall column of liquid. The density
of the liquid is 72 lbm/ft^3. The density of steel is 200 lbm/ft^3.
The final drag coefficient of the sphere is most nearly.
#[A] 0.12
#[B] 0.22
#[C] 0.41
#[D] 0.69
## Q 057
A 60 lbm car top carrier measures 36 inch long by 24 inch wide by 12

inch high.
If a 3000 lbm car with a frontal area of 7.5 ft2 and a Cd of .24 is
driven at 75 mph into a 10 mph headwind, the added net motor power (
in hp) that is required when the carrier is used is most nearly:
#[A] 9
#[B] 17
#[C] 22
#[D] 30
## Q 058 (t)
A blunt bullet shot from a 9mm handgun passes through STP air at 3000
fps. A ballistics consultant estimates the stagnation values of
temperature, pressure, and enthalpy at the bullet face as the
following:
Temperature 1263 °R
Pressure 155 psia
Enthalpy 210 Btu / lbm
Which parameters did the consultant calculate correctly?
#[A] Temperature and pressure

#[B] Enthalpy
#[C] Enthalpy and pressure
#[D] All three are accurate
## Q 059
New windows are to be installed in a building specified with frames

having an R-value of 2.0 hr∙ ft^2∙ °F / Btu. Outdoor temperatures as
low as -30 °F are experienced in the winter, and the indoor space is
to be heated to 70 °F.
Assuming indoor and outdoor window film coefficients of 1.2 Btu/hr∙

ft^2∙ °F and 8.0 Btu/hr∙ ft^2∙ °F respectively, the max relative
humidity (%) that can be maintained without experiencing condensation
on the inside of the frames is most nearly
#[A] 12
#[B] 18
#[C] 25
#[D] 37
## Q 060
The constant volume of specific heat of an ideal gas varies according

to the equation aT^2, where a = 3.1 x 10^-6 BTU / lbm∙ °R^3.
If the gas is heated from 200 °F to 260 °F at constant volume, the

change in entropy (in Btu / lbm∙°R) is most nearly.
#[A] 0.05
#[B] 0.13
#[C] 0.69
#[D] 0.78
## Q 061 (g)
The max useful work (Btu / lbm) that can be produced per pound of
saturated stem which enters a steady flow system at 1000 psia and
leaves into equilibrium with ATP conditions is most nearly:
#[A] 389
#[B] 412
#[C] 456
#[D] 512
## Q 062
A 5 hp motor is used on a high performance industrial blender to stir

a tank containing 30 lbm of water for 20 min.
Assuming the process occurs at constant volume, the maximum possible
rise in temperature (in °F) is most nearly:
#[A] 15
#[B] 29
#[C] 52
#[D] 142
## Q 063
A centrifugal pump is driven at 2300 rpm by a 12 hp rated motor and

delivers 200 gpm of 85 °F water against 50 ft water head at some
intermediate flow rate setting.
The initial pump efficiency of 75% does not vary appreciably, the max
flow the pump can deliver (in gpm) is most nearly:
#[A] 210
#[B] 260
#[C] 305
#[D] 375
## Q 064 (g)
A manufacturer's catalog indicates that power of 41 BHP is required

for a centrifugal fan to deliver 50,000 cfm of standard air against 4
inches of water. The mechanical efficiency of the fan (%) is most
nearly:
#[A] 56
#[B] 77
#[C] 88
#[D] 94
## Q 065 (g)
A natural draft cooling tower in the middle of town has a 275 ton heat
rejection load that operates at an efficiency of 78% when the outdoor
wet bulb temperature is 65 °F and the entering water temperature is
105 °F.
The temperature of the water leaving the tower in °F under these

conditions is most nearly:
#[A] 51
#[B] 59
#[C] 62
#[D] 74
## Q 066 (g)
To reduce the load on a chiller plant, newly installed air water

recirculating 57 °F water is used to evaporatively precool 50,000 cfm
outdoor air. The outdoor air is introduced at 87 °F and 57 °F wb. If
the saturation efficiency of the process is 77 percent, the cooling
requirement reduction in tons is most nearly:
#[A] 110
#[B] 190
#[C] 240
#[D] 305
## Q 067
A ventilation system is being considered for a new 20,000 ft^3 health

club consisting of 50% weight rooms and 50% aerobic rooms by area. At
a minimum, it should provide treated outdoor air of acceptable quality
at a rate (in cfm) of most nearly:
#[A] 7,000
#[B] 10,000
#[C] 13,000
#[D] 16,000
## Q 068
A six row cooling coil with eight fins per lineal inch has a bypass
factor of 0.19 and apparatus dew point of 45 °F. If air entering the
coil is 92 °F db and 67 °F wb, the dry bulb temperature (in °F) of the
air leaving the coil is most nearly:
#[A] 38
#[B] 41
#[C] 45
#[D] 54
## Q 069 (g)
Atmospheric air at 640 °F is compressed in a centrifugal compressor to

10 atmospheres with a 85 percent isentropic process efficiency. The
final work done in Btu for 2 lbm of air compressed is most nearly:
#[A] 280
#[B] 560
#[C] 610
#[D] 700
## Q 070
A 9 inch x 12 inch (bore and stroke) 2 cylinder, 4 stroke engine

operates with a mean effective pressure of 105 psig at 300 rpm. If the
actual developed torque is 500 ft∙lbf, the friction horsepower is most
nearly:
#[A] 17
#[B] 22
#[C] 32
#[D] 45
## Q 071
A home use fire sprinkler system uses 1 inch nominal diameter

schedule-40 steel pipe. The sprinklers are located 20 ft apart on each
line. The minimum pressure at any sprinkler is 20 psig. All sprinklers
have standard .5 inch orifices with a discharge coefficient of 0.75.
During the last fire, the last three sprinklers on a branch line are
opened simultaneously. Ignoring velocity pressure, the third branch
sprinkler from the end will discharge water (in gpm) most nearly:
#[A] 26.3
#[B] 29.2
#[C] 34.4
#[D] 40.0
## Q 072
A small retail space measures 15 ft x 15 ft and has a 9 ft ceiling.

The cooling load was calculated by the HVAC consultant to be 5,500
Btu/hr. A single ceiling diffuser will be installed in the center of
the room ceiling.
To achieve good occupant comfort and maximize the air distribution

performance index (ADPI), the diffuser throw (ft) should be nearly:
#[A] 4.2
#[B] 6.0
#[C] 7.5
#[D] 8.1
## Q 073 (t)
An air handler serves a mixed office space consisting of a reception

area, interior office and a perimeter office. The necessary air
quantities for the spaces are:
Area Ventilation air (cfm) Supply air (cfm)
Reception 120 820
Interior office 600 5000
Perimeter office 700 1350
According to ASHRAE, the correct fraction of outside air in cfm to

comply with multiple ventilation standards for different spaces is
most nearly:
#[A] 1100
#[B] 2090
#[C] 2850
#[D] 7170
## Q 074 (g)
A 1/10th scale model fan tested at 200 rpm moves 60 cfm at standard
conditions against 1/4 w.g. Assume a constant efficiency if using
affinity laws. The horsepower that will be required if a full size fan
operates outside at 4000 feet altitude at one third the model's speed
is most nearly.
#[A] 1
#[B] 2.5
#[C] 5.8
#[D] 8.1
## Q 075
A new duct is being installed in an office building that flows 4200

scfm. A branch of this air of 1000 cfm is directed to another
building. In order to re-pressurize the duct, it is changed from 18
inches to 20.5 inches over an equivalent length of 40 ft after the
takeoff. The static regain in inches of water is most nearly:
#[A] .10
#[B] .12
#[C] .14
#[D] -.08
## Q 076 (g)
A new event center is being built in Washington DC and the owner wants
to estimate the heating cost from October 15 to May 15. The design
loss at 0 °F is 1.1 x 10^6 Btu / hr. The price of Bunker C oil is
$2.45 per gallon. There are 4982 degree days from October to the May
period. The interior design temperature is 65 °F and the efficiency of
the heater is 85%. The heating cost for this period is most nearly:
#[A] $24,000
#[B] $38,000
#[C] $44,000
#[D] $51,000
## Q 077
An industrial refrigerator that utilizes ammonia operates on the

Carnot cycle between 90 °F and 5 °F. The HVAC consultant in charge of
the analysis determines the following theoretical parameters:
#COP = 5.47
#Horsepower per ton = .86 hp
#Energy efficiency ratio = 12
Which parameters were calculated correctly?
#[A] all three

#[B] COP only
#[C] EER only
#[D] COP and Horsepower per ton
## Q 078 (g)
A home owner plans to have a contractor install a new furnace with a

rated annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE) of 77%. It is
estimated that the furnace will consume 2000 therms of natural gas per
year.
The contractor has offered to install a different high-efficiency

condensing furnace with an AFUE of 95% for an additional $800.
Assuming a constant cost of natural gas of $1.85 per therm, the simple
payback period in years of this additional investment is most nearly.
#[A] 1
#[B] 2
#[C] 3
#[D] 3.5
## Q 079 (f)
A real estate tycoon has installed an air-cooled chiller on the side

of his Malibu Mansion, as shown. The neighboring property owner has
complained that the unit is too noisy, particularly at night. The
manufacturer's data states that the unit has a sound power rating of
77.0 dB. The local code requires that the sound pressure level at the
property line be no greater than 52 dB. The sound pressure level at
the property line is most nearly:
#[A] 48.5
#[B] 52.5
#[C] 53.6
#[D] 54.8
## Q 080 (g)
An experimental Pelton wheel impulse turbine developing 60 bhp net is

driven by a water stream from an 4 inch schedule 40 penstock. Total
head before nozzle loss is 200 ft. If the turbine runner is rotating
at 500 rpm and its efficiency is 85%, the pressure head at the nozzle
entrance (cv = 0.94) in ft is most nearly:
#[A] 135
#[B] 147
#[C] 160
#[D] 175
Mechanical Systems and Materials Afternoon Session
OUGHTRED CO MECHANICAL PE AFTERNOON MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND MATERIALS SESSION
## Q 081 (t)
An initial analysis must be performed on the design of a proposed

linear positioning system. All components are aluminum alloy unless
otherwise noted. The screw diameter is 0.84 inches.
The critical speed (rpm) of the lead screw prior to the installation
of the table can be approximated from:
#critical speed = (215 / L^2) * sqrt(g * E * I / (rho * A))
Where:
L = lead screw length (inch) 48
E = modulus of elasticity (psi) TBD
I = moment of Inertia (inch^4) TBD
ρ = moment of Inertia (inch^4) TBD
A = cross sectional area (inch^2) TBD
#[A] 1,100
#[B] 3,850
#[C] 81,250
#[D] 100,000
## Q 082 (f)
A signal arm carries two traffic signals and a sign, as shown. They
are rigidly attached to the arm. Each traffic signal is 0.2 m^2 in
area and weighs 240 N. The sign weighs 60 N/m^2. The design wind
pressure is 120 N/m^2
The maximum moment that the connection between the arm and pole can
withstand due to the wind is 7000 N x m, and the maximum permitted
moment due to the loads is 5000 N x m. As limited by moment on the
connection, the maximum allowable area of the sign in m^2 is most
nearly:
#[A] 2.04
#[B] 4.15
#[C] 5.65
#[D] 7.03
## Q 083 (f)
In the structure shown, the beam is pinned at point B. Point E is a

roller support. The beam is loaded with a distributed load from point
A to point B of 600 N/m, a 200 N∙m couple at point C, and a vertical
700 N force at point D.
If the distributed load and the vertical load are removed and replaced
with a vertically upward force of 1500 N at point F, what moment at
point F would be necessary to keep the reaction at point E the same?
#[A] -7000 N∙m (ccw)

#[B] -4500 N∙m (ccw)
#[C] 3200 N∙m (cw)
#[D] 9700 N∙m (cw)
## Q 084 (f)
Consider the figure. The x and y coordinates of the centroid of the

area (in cm) are most nearly:
#[A] (4.87, 6.03)

#[B] (3.70, 4.50)
#[C] (3.53, 5.79)
#[D] (4.20, 5.10)
## Q 085 (f)
A 350 kg square plate (10 m x 10 m) is suspended horizontally by four

wires of equal length at each corner. The tension in the four wires is
equal. If one of the wires snaps, determine the tension (in N) in each
remaining wire.
#[A] (T_a, T_b, T_c) = (655, 1715, 655)

#[B] (T_a, T_b, T_c) = (1400, 0, 1400)
#[C] (T_a, T_b, T_c) = (1715, 0, 1715)
#[D] (T_a, T_b, T_c) = (1715, 1715, 0)
## Q 086 (f)
A cord is wrapped 1/4th around a 3 inch OD pipe as shown. The

coefficient of friction (dynamic and static) between the cord and pipe
is u = 0.25.
A dingus with a weight of 100 lb is suspended from one end of the cord
and a force P applied to the other end. The minimum force P (lb)
required to just support the 100 lb dingus in the position shown is
most nearly:
#[A] 15.0
#[B] 33.5
#[C] 67.0
#[D] 148.0
## Q 087
A 100 lbm frozen turkey is launched with initial velocity of 1000

ft/sec. It has a launch angle of 45 degrees from the horizontal, and
impact elevation of 5000 ft below the launch elevation. Neglecting air
resistance, what is most nearly the horizontal travel distance?
#[A] 3.2 miles

#[B] 6.7 miles
#[C] 12 miles
#[D] 22 miles
## Q 088 (f) (g)
Rigid link AB is 20 m long. It rotates counterclockwise about point A

at 30 rpm. A thin disk with a radius of 3 m is pinned at its center to
the link at point B. The disk rotates counterclockwise at 100 rpm with
respect to point B. The maximum tangential velocity seen by any point
on the disk (in m/s) is most nearly
#[A] 26
#[B] 56
#[C] 78
#[D] 103
## Q 089 (g)
A car traveling at 100 mph must be able to stop within a distance of

700 ft. The wheel diameter is 25 inches. Assume no brakes lock up
during this braking; all brakes are on for total time duration.
Neglect rolling resistance and aerodynamic drag.
The angular deceleration (rad/s^2) of the wheel as the car brakes

uniformly from 100 mph to a stop over a distance of 700 ft is most
nearly:
#[A] 5.7
#[B] 7.5
#[C] 11.2
#[D] 14.8
## Q 090
An industrial electromagnet weighing 400 pounds unloaded holds 150

pounds of scrap metal. The current is suddenly removed. If the total
equivalent stiffness of the cable and the crane is 2000 pounds/inch,
what will be the minimum cable tension (lbf) and frequency (Hz) of
oscillation is most nearly:
#[A] 250, 7
#[B] 300, 7
#[C] 150, 3
#[D] 300, 3
## Q 091 (f)
A 5 kg disk with a diameter of 0.1 m is rigidly attached at point B to

a rod 2 m in length. The rod-disk combination rotates around point A.
The mass moment of inertia about point A for the assembly in kg∙m^2 is
most nearly:
#[A] 0.45
#[B] 0.77
#[C] 3.6
#[D] 4.2
## Q 092 (f)
A 10 ton train car, traveling at 25 feet per second, passes point A,

rolls down an incline, and is stopped by a spring bumper that
compresses 3 feet. A constant frictional force of 65 lbf acts on the
car. The required spring modulus in lbf/ft is most nearly
#[A] 12,250
#[B] 38,450
#[C] 50,375
#[D] 60,120
## Q 093 (g)
A wheel with a radius of 0.55 m has a mass of 150 kg. The wheel is
pinned at its center and has a radius of gyration of 0.25 m. A rope is
wrapped around the wheel and supports a handing 200 kg cube.
When the wheel is allowed to spin, the rope begins to unwind. The
angular acceleration of the wheel in rad/sec^2 is most nearly:
#[A] 15.4
#[B] 18.5
#[C] 24.8
#[D] 30.8
## Q 094 (f) (g)
An aluminum bar with E = 10 x 10^6 psi that is 2 feet long has a cross
sectional area of 0.25 in^2 is mounted against a spring as shown. The
spring has a spring constant of 5,000 lb/in. If the nominal
coefficient of thermal expansion is 5 x 10^6 in / in∙°F, the increase
in force produced in the bar by a temperature increase of 300 °F is
most nearly:
#[A] 87
#[B] 170
#[C] 690
#[D] 754
## Q 095
The engineering stress and strain for an aluminum sample (Poisson's

ratio of 0.2) were 15,000 psi and .0400 inch/inch. The true stress
(psi) and true strain (in/in) is most nearly:
#[A] 15,242; .039

#[B] 15,000; .040
#[C] 15,242; .051
#[D] 15,456; .042
## Q 096
Zinc is commonly plated on steel machine screws and fasteners to

prevent corrosion. What is the name of this type of corrosion
protection?
#[A] passivation
#[B] anodic protection
#[C] cathodic protection
#[D] galvanization
## Q 097
Aluminum is more resistant to rusting than steel. Why?
#[A] Iron can be attracted through a magnetic field

#[B] Iron has a different cubic structure than aluminum resulting in a
more corrosive surface
#[C] The reaction rate between aluminum and oxygen is higher
#[D] The reaction rate between iron and aluminum is higher
## Q 098
The Goodman Relation / Failure Criterion is used to relate what two

stresses to fatigue life:
#[A] axial and torsional stress

#[B] temperature induced and axial stress
#[C] torsional and bending stress
#[D] alternating and mean stress
## Q 099 (f)
A 30 inch long cantilever beam carries a uniformly distributed load of

12 lb/inch extending 10 inches from its free end. The shear force (lb)
in the beam at a distance of 6 inch from the free end is most nearly:
#[A] 55
#[B] 72
#[C] 95
#[D] 110
## Q 100
A cantilevered flat steel spring supports a tip load that periodically

varies between 0 lbf and 2 lbf. The spring is 0.75 in wide and 4.0 in.
long. Tensile yield strength is 60,000 psi, tensile ultimate strength
is 120,000 psi, and endurance strength after accounting for various
derating factors is 50,000 psi. The design factor of safety is 2. The
minimum required spring thickness for ultimate life is most nearly.
#[A] 0.023 in.

#[B] 0.031 in.
#[C] 0.042 in.
#[D] 0.052 in.
## Q 101
A 25 ft length of 5 in nominal diameter schedule-40 steel pipe full of

water is simply supported. The maximum pipe deflection in inches is
most nearly:
#[A] 0.13
#[B] 0.45
#[C] 0.57
#[D] 0.64
## Q 102
Bolt test specimens made of an experimental low carbon steel are

subjected to completely reversed loading. At a stress amplitude of 70
ksi, the life is 1,000 cycles. At 30 ksi, the life cycle is 1,000,000
cycles. The number of cycles of life expected at a stress amplitude of
50 ksi is most nearly:
#[A] 15,000
#[B] 200,000
#[C] 600,000
#[D] 1,000,000
## Q 103 (f)
An inner steel cylinder is surrounded by a aluminum tube as shown in

the cross section. The aluminum and the steel are well bonded. A
uniform compressive load of 50 kips is applied axially. Use E_steel =
3x10^7 psi and E_aluminum = 1.00 x 10^7 psi. The stress in the steel
inner cylinder in psi is most nearly
#[A] 728
#[B] 850
#[C] 1000
#[D] 1275
## Q 104 (f) (t)
The figure shows a flattening device for clay blanks. The device
consists of a slider at A. the slider moves in a horizontal guide with
an opening to discharge the formed disk. Pin joints connect Links ABC,
BD, and the slider at A. All links and pins at ABD are made with
materials having the following physical properties:
Modulus of Elasticity 30 x 10^6 psi
Yield Strength, S_y 60,000 psi
Ultimate Strength, S_u 100,000 psi
Shear Strength 20,000 psi
Link BD, of length 7.07 inch, is made out of a solid bar of circular
cross section and is designed to carry an axial load of 500 lb. A
safety factor of 2 against yield and 1.5 against buckling is desired
for safety reasons. The diameter (in.) of the bar used for Link BD is
most nearly:
#[A] 0.103
#[B] 0.146
#[C] 0.184
#[D] 0.225
## Q 105
A ball bearing is subjected to a radial load of 100 lb (with no axial

load), has a rated life of 200,000 min, and a rated speed of 500 rpm.
The allowable radial load (lb) of the bearing when rotating at 5
rad/sec with a design life of 350,000 min is most nearly:
#[A] 264
#[B] 207
#[C] 173
#[D] 89
## Q 106
An 10 in diameter schedule 40 seamless steel pipe carries steam at 800

F. The maximum allowed tensile stress is 12.8 x 10^3 psi. The double
butt flange welds are not radiographed. The manufacturing allowance is
20%, and corrosion allowance is 0.12 in. The maximum allowable
pressure in psi is most nearly:
#[A] 290
#[B] 378
#[C] 469
#[D] 623
## Q 107
A hydraulic cylinder with an inside diameter of 10 inch is subjected

to an internal pressure of 2,500 psi. Ignore end effects. Assuming
allowable stress of 10,000 psi and a safety factor of 3, the required
thickness (in.) is most nearly:
#[A] 5.80
#[B] 4.37
#[C] 2.12
#[D] 1.45
## Q 108 (f) (g)
A gear drive is used to lift a garage door to a factory, as shown in

the figure. The coefficient of friction for all mating surfaces of the
vertical screw is 0.15, and the friction in the gearbox is negligible.
The vertical screw shown in the figure has a mean diameter of 2 inch
and a pitch of 0.50 inch. The gearbox ratio is 4:1 When the total
vertical force to lift the garage door is 2,000 lb, the output torque
(lb-in) from the motor is most nearly:
#[A] 115
#[B] 240
#[C] 310
#[D] 820
## Q 109 (f)
The end of a circular steel tube is welded to a steel plate. The full-
perimeter external fillet weld has a 3/16 in leg, and allowable load
is 8,400 lbf/in of leg. The tube outside diameter is 2 in. The tube
and plate thickness is 1 in.
A load is applied 4 in. from the plate surface, parallel to the plate,
perpendicular to the tube axis, and at the centroid of the tube
section. What is most nearly the maximum supported load?
#[A] 3810 lbf

#[B] 3460 lbf
#[C] 2820 lbf
#[D] 1130 lbf
## Q 110 (f)
A cantilevered beam 40 m long is supported at its left end (Point A)

and 8 m from its right end (Point B). The beam bears a uniform load of
25 N/m and a concentrated load of 600 N applied 10 m from its right
end. The vertical shear acting on the beam at point C, in N, which is
12 m from the left end, is most nearly:
#[A] -230
#[B] -112
#[C] 325
#[D] 1000
## Q 111 (f)
A 1/4 inch steel plate is attached to a steel beam with three 1/4-inch
UNC bolts, as shown.
The load (lb) that the highest loaded bolt will carry is most nearly:
#[A] 1680
#[B] 4570
#[C] 5460
#[D] 6420
## Q 112 (f)
The blind pressure vessel flange is restrained by eight equally spaced

7/16-14 inch UNC steel bolts. To maintain an adequate seal, each bolt
is preloaded to 7,000 lb.
The bolt stiffness (k_bolt) and the material stiffness (k_parts) are
numerically equal. The bolt stress (psi) for an internal pressure of
300 psi is most nearly:
#[A] 19,000
#[B] 54,000
#[C] 68,000
#[D] 86,000
## Q 113 (g)
An experimental widget can be modeled as a mass/spring mechanism. The

spring constant of 50 lbf/in and a mass of 7 lbm undergoes free
vibration.
The linear frequency (cycles/sec) of this vibration is most nearly:
#[A] 0.94
#[B] 1.7
#[C] 4.3
#[D] 8.3
## Q 114 (g)
A 100 lbm motor turns at 2000 rpm and is supported on a resilient pad
having a stiffness of 2000 pounds per inch. Due to an imbalance
condition, a periodic force of 30 pounds is applied in the vertical
direction once each revolution. If the motor is constrained to move
vertically, the amplitude of vibration in inches is most nearly:
#[A] .0032
#[B] .0065
#[C] .012
#[D] .019
## Q 115
A rotating mechanism comprises a vertical axis, three steel balls

spinning around that axis, and an ideal torsional spring resisting the
motion.
Arms supporting the balls are rigid and massless, the distance from
the vertical axis to ball centers is 0.5 inch. The torsional spring
constant is 3.5 x 10^-3 inch-lbf / rad. The steel ball diameter and
density are 1.5 inch and 0.125 lbm/inch^3, respectively. The natural
torsional frequency (in Hz) of the pendulum is most nearly:
#[A] 0.16
#[B] 0.24
#[C] 0.33
#[D] 0.51
## Q 116 (f)
The block spring system shown oscillates once every 6 seconds. There
is no friction between the block and the surface. If the spring
constant is 2 N/m the approximate mass of the block in kg is nearly:
#[A] 1.8 kg
#[B] 2.6 kg
#[C] 5.9 kg
#[D] 6.8 kg
## Q 117 (t)
You manage a toy production department and you are new to the job.
You must make economic decisions about equipment selection and
production costs.
Part material cost is $7 for each part scrapped, not including sunk
labor costs.
Production
Labor Cost Part Scrap Part Setup
Method Rate
(per hour) Rate Cost
(units/hr)
Manual $40 10 1 of 32 $9
CNC w/
$22 11 1 of 80 $4
manual load
CNC w/ auto
$17 16 1 of 60 $16
load
3d printing $10 7 1 of 300 $250
The % increase of good parts per 80-hr work week that can be made on
the CNC with auto loading vs manual loading is most nearly:
#[A] 15
#[B] 24
#[C] 45
#[D] 124
## Q 118
Bean counters must select a structural polymer from the following list
of materials. Based on the following requirements and info, they are
going to attempt to make a design selection. One critical dimension,
fabricated to 10.000 inches at 25 °C, must not exceed 10.055 inches at
the operating temperature of 100 °C. Material weight must be less than
half that of aluminum, which has a specific gravity of 2.71.
Coefficient
Maximum
Yield of Thermal
Specific Operating
Material Strength Expansion
Gravity Temperature
[psi] [in /
[°F]
(in∙°C)]
A 4,500 1.05 90 x 10^-6 190
B 10,000 1.50 70 x 10^-6 220
C 8,000 1.10 80 x 10^-6 165
D 9,300 1.20 70 x 10^-6 260
Which is the best material for the application?
#[A] Material A
#[B] Material B
#[C] Material C
#[D] Material D
## Q 119 (t)
Table I shows subgroup data from a measurement process over a 12-hour

period. Each subgroup is made up of a sample size of 6.
Table 1
Subgroup 6:00 9:00 12:00 15:00 6:00
1 7.2 7.5 8.3 8.3 6.8
2 7.1 7.1 7.6 8.1 7.3
3 6.9 7.6 7.9 7.2 7.0
4 7.4 7.8 8.1 8.4 7.2
5 7.2 7.8 8.9 8.4 6.9
Table 2
Sample Size A_2 D_4 D_3
2 1.88 3.27 0
3 1.02 2.57 0
4 0.73 2.28 0
5 0.58 2.11 0
6 0.48 2.00 0
From the data provided in Tables 1 and 2, the upper control limit
(UCL) and the lower control limit (LCL) of an R chart are most nearly:
#[A] UCL = 3.41; LCL = 0

#[B] UCL = 1.39; LCL = -1.39
#[C] UCL = 2.42; LCL = -2.42
#[D] UCL = 2.68; LCL = 0
## Q 120 (t)
A 0.500 inch diameter hole and pin are to be combined during assembly.
Drawings indicate tolerances as listed. The basic hole system is used.
Parameter High Tolerance Low Tolerance
Hole Diameter +4.6 x 10^-3 inch -0 x 10^-3 inch
Pin Diameter -6.0 x 10^-3 inch -7.0 x 10^-3 inch
This fit is most nearly designated as:
#[A] RC7 free running fit

#[B] RC9 free running fit
#[C] LT3 locational-transitional fit
#[D] FN2 medium drive fit
Thermal and Fluids Afternoon Session
OUGHTRED CO MECHANICAL PE AFTERNOON THERMAL FLUIDS SESSION
## Q 121 (g)
At a particular temperature and pressure, the surface tension of water

is 0.065 N/m. Under ideal conditions, the contact angle between glass
and water is zero. A technician in a commercial laboratory observes
water in a glass capillary tube with a diameter of 0.11 mm. The height
of the capillary rise in (m) is most nearly:
#[A] .0004
#[B] .016
#[C] .25
#[D] .50
## Q 122 (g) (t)
A sliding plate viscometer is used to measure the viscosity of a

Newtonian fluid. It has the following characteristics:
gap between stationary and moving plate: 6 mm
plate dimensions: 70 cm x 50 cm
A force of 100 N is required to keep the top plate moving at a

constant velocity of 10 m/s. The viscosity of the fluid in N∙s / m^2
is most nearly:
#[A] .1714
#[B] .2569
#[C] .35
#[D] .4879
## Q 123
A 300 lbm car top carrier measures 48 inch long by 36 inch wide by 12
inch high.
If a 3500 lbm sedan is driven at 80 mph into a 12 mph headwind, the

added net motor power required when the carrier is used in horsepower
is most nearly:
#[A] 4
#[B] 9
#[C] 12
#[D] 18
## Q 124
Hot water at 80 °C flows through the pipe system, with a minimum ID of

15 mm. The flow rate is 185 L / min. There are two 90 degree bends and
one 45 degree bend in the system.
If the loss coefficients for the 90 degree elbows and 45 degree elbow
are 1.2 and 0.6 respectively, the sum of the minor (head) losses for
the system in meters is most nearly:
#[A] 9
#[B] 15
#[C] 24
#[D] 46
## Q 125
A 3 inch diameter magnesium alloy sphere achieves a terminal velocity

of 75 inches/sec when dropping through a tall column of liquid. The
density of the liquid is 87 lbm/ft^3. The final drag coefficient of
the sphere is most nearly.
#[A] 0.08
#[B] 0.15
#[C] 0.22
#[D] 0.40
## Q 126 (f)
The Darcy friction factor for both of the pipes shown is 0.035. The
total flow rate is 500 m^3 per hour. The flow rate in m^3 / second in
the 150 mm pipe is most nearly:
#[A] .005
#[B] .012
#[C] .026
#[D] .038
## Q 127 (f)
The rectangular wall of a pizza oven is made from 7 in. thick fire-
clay brick surrounded by 0.25 in. of steel on the outside. 0.20 inch
diameter mild steel bolts connect the steel to the brick. The furnace
is surrounded by 70 °F air with convection coefficient of 1.65 Btu /
hr-ft^2 x °F, while the inner surface of the brick is held constant at
500 °F.
The outside surface temperature of the steel in degree F is most

nearly:
#[A] 230
#[B] 300
#[C] 385
#[D] 420
## Q 128 (g)
A solid ceramic sphere 250 mm in diameter is at a temperature of 500

°C. It is dropped into a large tank of 60 °C oil. The average
convective heat transfer coefficient is 600 W / (m^2 x K) and the oil
is stirred uniformly. The time in seconds it takes after submersion
for the sphere to reach 150 °C is most nearly:
#[A] 165
#[B] 410
#[C] 905
#[D] 3200
## Q 129
A small distiller evaporates 10 L of water per half hour. Alloy tubing

exposed to the air serves a condenser to recover steam. The outside
surface of the tubing is at 99 °C. The ambient temperature is 20 °C.
The inside diameter of the tube is 0.85 cm, and the outside diameter
is 1.2 cm.
In order to condense all the steam, the tube length in meters is most
nearly:
#[A] .75
#[B] 1.2
#[C] 2.1
#[D] 2.5
## Q 130 (g)
In one hour, the black body radiation that escapes a 5 cm by a 10 cm

rectangular opening in a furnace whose internal temperature is 700 °C
in kJ is most nearly:
#[A] 589
#[B] 647
#[C] 785
#[D] 916
## Q 131
A high performance 12 inch bore, 18 inch stroke single cylinder four-

stroke engine runs at 6000 rpm. The gross weight of a pony brake is
200 pounds, the tare weight is 20 pounds, and the arm length is 66
inches. The indicator card shows an area of 1.30 inch^2 with an
overall length of 3 inches. The spring scale was 200 psi/inch.
The mechanical efficiency (%) of the engine is most nearly:
#[A] 70
#[B] 75
#[C] 84
#[D] 90
## Q 132 (g)
A special species of coal in Alberta, Canada has the following

composition by weight:
#80% carbon
#4% hydrogen
#2% oxygen
The stack gases have a composition by volume of:
#5% carbon dioxide

#5% carbon monoxide
#10% oxygen
#80% nitrogen
The amount of pounds of air required to burn one pound of coal is most
nearly:
#[A] 11.6
#[B] 16.7
#[C] 19.3
#[D] 24.5
## Q 133
A furnace is used to heat water with an efficiency of 50%. It goes

from 15 °C to 150 °C by burning 300 standard liters of methane.
Assuming a 20,000 Btu / lbm heating value, the amount of water (in kg)
that can be heated is most nearly:
#[A] 3.6
#[B] 5.3
#[C] 8.8
#[D] 10.2
## Q 134 (t) (g)
An ideal compressible fluid is flowing from point A to point B. The

properties of the fluid at point A and point B are as follows:
At Point A
Density 0.456 lbm per cubic ft
Internal Energy 127.3 Btu / lbm
Pressure 73.2 psia
At Point B
Density 0.0201 lbm per cubic ft
Internal Energy 53.1 Btu / lbm
Pressure 3.62 psia
The change in enthalpy from points A and B, in Btu / lbm is most

nearly:
#[A] -91
#[B] -71
#[C] -20
#[D] 55
## Q 135
A boiler burns 1.0 lbm of natural gas to generate 30 psig saturated

steam from 14 lbm of 80 °F feedwater. The natural gas has a higher
heating value (HHV) of 25,000 Btu / lbm. The combustion efficiency (%)
of the boiler is most nearly:
#[A] 63
#[B] 75
#[C] 82
#[D] 88
## Q 136
A two pound block of steel (c = .10 Btu / lbm∙ °F) is removed from an
oven and quenched in a four pound aluminum (c = .20 Btu / lbm∙ °F)
tank filled with ten pounds of castor oil (c = .43 Btu / lbm∙ °F). The
oil and the tank are initially in equilibrium at 75 °F. Their
temperature rises to 100 °F after quenching.
The initial steel temperature in °F is most nearly:
#[A] 785
#[B] 1125
#[C] 1200
#[D] 1375
## Q 137
A 1500 m^3 room contains air at 60 C and 50 kPa at a relative humidity

of 30%.
The partial pressure of the water vapor in the room in kPa is most
nearly:
#[A] 1.0
#[B] 6.0
#[C] 15
#[D] 25
## Q 138
A joint is made between two metal pieces by closely fitting their

surfaces and distributing a molten nonferrous filler metal to the
interface by capillary attraction. The pieces to be joined have a
melting point of 1400 °F, and the filler melts at 900 °F. This process
is most accurately termed:
#[A] Soldering
#[B] Brazing
#[C] Welding
#[D] Forge Welding
## Q 139
A 360 V electric pump adds 700 ft of pressure head to a 80 °F, 3.0 lbm
per second water flow. At operating speed, the motor is 90% efficient
and the pump is 60% efficient. The motor current draw in amps is most
nearly:
#[A] 5.5
#[B] 7.1
#[C] 14.6
#[D] 22
## Q 140 (f) (g)
In the system shown, the flow rate of 68 °F water is 3000 gpm, and the
head loss (in feet) in the pipes is given by .02 (L/D)(v^2 / 2g) where
L is the length of pipe in feet, D is the pipe diameter in feet, v is
the velocity in ft/sec, and g is the acceleration of gravity in
ft/sec^2.
If the motor driving the pump is 75% efficient and the pump is 80%
efficient, the power that must be supplied to the motor in kw is most
nearly:
#[A] 130
#[B] 345
#[C] 500
#[D] 715
## Q 141
A steam turbine operates as a component of a Rankine cycle. Steam is

supplied to the turbine at 1400 psia and 1000 °F. The turbine exhausts
at 74 psia. The expansion is not reversible, and the exhaust is vapor
at 100% quality. The thermal efficiency of the turbine is most nearly:
#[A] 54%
#[B] 75%
#[C] 88%
#[D] 99%
## Q 142 (g)
The power output from a generator that is driven by an impulse turbine

is 250,000 kW. The turbine wheel is mounted on a 2 ft diameter steel
shaft. It has a 15 ft diameter and is spun by a 2 ft diameter water
jet.
Assume ideal conditions such as v_jet = 2∙ v_vane and the jet is

deflected by 180 degrees. The angular speed in rpm of the turbine
wheel is most nearly
#[A] 85
#[B] 125
#[C] 187
#[D] 250
## Q 143
A two stage air compressor with an ideal intercooler takes air at 14.7
psia and 70 °F and compresses it to 400 psia. The pressure staging
area is ideal. The mass flow rate of air is 20 lbm per minute.
The heat removed by the intercooler in BTU/min is most nearly:
#[A] 900
#[B] 1540
#[C] 1600
#[D] 1700
## Q 144
A parallel flow tube and shell heat exchanger is designed using 3 in.
OD tubing. 30,000 lbm / hr of water at 35 °F is used to cool 30,000
lbm/hr of a 95% ethyl alcohol solution (cp = 0.9 Btu / lbm x °F) from
170 °F to 100 °F.
If the overall coefficient of heat transfer based on the outer tube

area is 200 Btu / (hr ∙ ft^2 ∙°F), then the heat-transfer surface area
in square feet of the heat exchanger is most nearly:
#[A] 320
#[B] 710
#[C] 950
#[D] 1175
## Q 145 (f) (g)
You are considering the attachment of a diffuser to a tank exit. With

the diffuser attached, the flow rate is 14.7 fps.
With the diffuser attached, the flow rate will increase percentage
wise by most nearly:
#[A] 10
#[B] 20
#[C] 30
#[D] 40
## Q 146
The input shaft of a steel gearbox for the 2014 Chevy Spark transmits
83.0 ft∙lbf torque while rotating at 4800 rpm. The gearbox housing is
approximately 6 inches wide, 8 inches hight, and 8 inches deep and is
exposed to air on all sides.
The air outside the gearbox has a temperature of 68 °F and has a film
coefficient of 1.65 Btu / hr∙ft^2∙ °F. If the output shaft delivers 76
hp, the maximum possible temperature of the gearbox in °F is most
nearly:
#[A] 300
#[B] 543
#[C] 660
#[D] 780
## Q 147 (g)
Water at 280 °F and 80 psia empties through 100 feet of 1.5 inch
Schedule 40 pipe by a pump whose inlet and outlet are 25 feet below
the surface of the water level when the tank is full. Assume a
roughness of .0002 ft and a Reynolds Number of 8.85 x 10^5. The
density of water is 57.9 lbm / ft^3.
The pumping rate is 100 gpm, and the NPSHR is 10 feet for that rate.
If the inlet line contains three gate valves and three long-radius
elbows, and the discharge is into a 2 psig tank, the Net Positive
Suction Head Available (NPSHA) in feet is most nearly:
#[A] 5
#[B] 10
#[C] 15
#[D] 25
## Q 148 (g)
Water at 500 psig will be used to drive a 250 hp turbine at 1750 rpm
against a backpressure of 30 psig.
If the 6 inch diameter jet discharging 45 fps is deflected 85 degrees

by a single moving vane with velocity of 10 fps, the total force in
lbf acting on the blade is most nearly:
#[A] 150
#[B] 275
#[C] 490
#[D] 670
## Q 149 (f) (g)
4 cubic feet per second of water is pumped from a feed tank mounted on
a platform to an open reservoir through a 6 inch schedule 40 (ε / D =
.002) steel pipe. The NPSHA (Net Positive Suction Head Available) in
feet is most nearly:
#[A] 25
#[B] 36
#[C] 49
#[D] 62
## Q 150
You are analyzing the initial design of a turbine. Steam at 300 psia
enters an isentropic turbine operating in a Rankine cycle. The steam
exits the turbine at 150 °F. Requirements state moisture content of
the steam in the turbine is not to exceed 25% in order to minimize
long-term corrosion.
The minimum temperature to which the high-pressure steam must be

heated is most nearly.
#[A] 470
#[B] 520
#[C] 600
#[D] 650
## Q 151
At the start of the compression stroke of an air-standard Otto cycle,

the pressure is 14.7 psia and the temperature is 50 °F. The maximum
pressure in the cycle is 800 psia, and the compression ratio is
11.5:1.
The difference in efficiency percentage between this cycle and a

Carnot cycle operating between the same temperature is most nearly:
#[A] 6
#[B] 16
#[C] 27
#[D] 34
## Q 152
The net power output from a steam-based power plant operating on

Rankine cycle is 400 MW. The cycle has steam entering an isentropic
turbine at 1200 °F and 1800 psia., and the cooling water entering the
condenser at 56 °F and leaving as saturated liquid at 93 °F. Neglect
the pump work.
The condenser pressure is 10 psia. The mass flow rate in lbm/hr of the
steam is most nearly:
#[A] 8.9 x 10^4

#[B] 5.6 x 10^5
#[C] 7.7 x 10^5
#[D] 2.5 x 10^6
## Q 153
A refrigeration cycle uses Freon-12 to removed 10,000 Btu's per hour.

The refrigerant leaves the evaporator saturated at 0 °F. The pressure
of the refrigerant entering the condenser is 70 psia. The refrigerant
leaves the condenser as a saturated liquid. The isentropic efficiency
of the compressor is 70 percent.
The coefficient of performance of the refrigeration cycle is most

nearly:
#[A] .6
#[B] 2.7
#[C] 3.1
#[D] 4.7
## Q 154 (g)
The relative velocity of a certain point on a marine propeller 12 feet

below the surface of sea water is approximately 6.1 times the boat
velocity. The mole fraction of water in the seawater is .99. Assume a
70 °F temperature.
The practical limit of the boat velocity in ft/sec is most nearly:
#[A] 3.3
#[B] 8.7
#[C] 12.3
#[D] 14.2
## Q 155
A 6 inch pump operating at 1900 rpm discharges 1250 gpm of cold water
(s.g. = 1.00) against an 100 foot head at 70 percent efficiency. A
homologous 9 inch pump operating at 1000 rpm is being considered as a
replacement. The new power requirement (in hp) would be nearly.
#[A] 19
#[B] 25
#[C] 33
#[D] 49
## Q 156
You are tasked with selecting from 4 different motors:
#Motor #1: 5 hp, $1000

#Motor #2: 10 hp, $1500
#Motor #3: 13 hp, $1700
#Motor #4: 17 hp, $1700
Each pump has a variable rate of efficiency based on the following

table:
#specific speed = 1000 rpm / 60%

The pump needs to provide 50 feet of added head @ 2 cfs. Assume a

motor speed of 2400 rpm. What selection is the most cost efficient?
#[A] Motor 1
#[B] Motor 2
#[C] Motor 3
#[D] Motor 4
## Q 157
A 200 hp internal combustion engine burns propane at a rate of 0.02

lbm/sec when mixed with theoretical air. The engine takes in air and
fuel at 77 °F and 1 atm. The air-fuel mixture burns completely and
leaves the engine at 1240 °F. Assume The enthalpy of the products is -
685,000 Btu / lbmol. The rate of heat transfer from the engine
(Btu/sec) is most nearly.
#[A] -149
#[B] -83
#[C] -58
#[D] 39
## Q 158
A six-cylinder 4-stroke engine has a 100.4 mm bore and a 84.4 mm

stroke. The brake mean effective pressure while running at 4200 rpm is
120 psig. The brake horsepower is most nearly:
#[A] 100
#[B] 155
#[C] 195
#[D] 225
## Q 159
A trapezoidal channel has a 5 foot depth, a 7 ft width at its basin,

and a 9 ft width at its open top. The hydraulic radius in ft is most
nearly.
#[A] 5.00
#[B] 1.23
#[C] 2.32
#[D] 4.12
## Q 160
Based on a psychrometric chart (ASHRAE Psychometric Chart #1), sea

level air at a dry-bulb temperature of 100 °F and 50% relative
humidity has a dew point of most nearly.
#[A] 54
#[B] 62
#[C] 68
#[D] 78

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General Morning Session ......................................................................................................... 9

A “(f)” next to the problem number indicates an accompanying figure is

Given the electrical circuit shown, which of the following statements

#[A] V1 + V2 = IR1 + IR2 + IR3 + IR4

An engineer deposits $20,000 in a savings account on the day his child

The student hopes to save $10,000 by the time school stares in 12

A manufacturing production department operates 80 hrs a week. The

A build schedule for a multi-stage system consists of the following:

B Procure parts from China A 2

C Delivery of parts from India B 7

D Delivery of parts from China A 11

E Assemble and package system C & D 2

If the manufacturing of parts from India is delayed by 4 days, now

A machinist wants to create a hole for a 3/8-16 NC x 0.75 inch long

A commercial product consist of a substrate and an active ingredient

Formulation 1 $8 / lb 100 units / lb

Formulation 2 $10 / lb 200 units / lb

Under these constraints, the largest number of units of active

A firm uses an economic analysis to determine which of two different

estimated life 7 years 13 years

salvage value none $4,000

annual maintenance cost $150 $175

What is the approximate equivalent uniform annual cost of machine X?

A firm uses an economic analysis to determine which of two different

estimated life 7 years 13 years

salvage value none $4,000

annual maintenance cost $150 $175

What is the approximate equivalent uniform annual cost of machine Y?

A company produces a bearing that is commonly used by several OEM's

#[A] AISI 1040

A 1 kg brick lays at rest on a broken shelf that has a slope of 35%

A cantilevered beam 40 m long is supported at its left end (Point A)

#[A] -84 N (downward)

A nickel alloy must be selected for an aircraft engine. It must

#Yield Strength at 1400 °F (psi):

Ys Alloy 1 = 42,000 lbf/inch^2

Density Alloy 1 = .304 lbm/inch^3

Cost Alloy 1 = $100/lbm

What material best satisfies the given design specification?

#[A] nickel alloy 1

A linear spring mass system consisting of a spring with a spring

The linear frequency (cycles/sec) of this vibration is most nearly:

The water level of a 15 psig pressurized tank is 8 ft below the water

Water at 20 °C flows through the pipe system, with a minimum ID of 19

Water at 60 °F flows through a 1 inch brass pipe (1.063 inch ID) at 7

An engineer is pondering the addition of a diffuser to a tank exit.

A feedwater pump delivers 50 gpm water to a hydraulic system. It has

## Q 029 (f) (g)

Water in a supply tank is used to form a small fountain of water in a

The turbines of a hydroelectric plant are placed 250 ft below the

#[A] 0.52 days

In 2 hours, how much black-body radiation escapes a 3 cm by 2 cm

A counterflow shell-and-tube heat exchanger is to be designed using 1

If the overall heat coefficient of heat transfer based on the outer

Steam at 1200 °F enters a turbine that operates in a Rankine cycle. If

8000 cfm of recirculated air from a room conditioned to 64 °F and 30%

A portable unit heater is used to heat a room with no windows. The

The outdoor winter design temperature is 5 °F and the room is to be

A refrigeration system of capacity of 2 refrigeration ton has a

A room contains equipment that consumes 5,000 W of power. In addition,

An environmental criterion for a museum requires 3000 ft^3 / min

#[A] 48,000 Btu / hr