EVENTS UNIT EXTENSION

CHAPTER1
PRELIMINARY

A. Background.

A disease can affect anyone, not least Asthma disease. As a parent, of course wise to
always be responsive and anticipatory when the symptoms of Asthma children have started to
look like a fever, cough, runny nose, and sneezing.
Already a few weeks we were in the clinic Pauh many parents bring their children to the
clinic with symptoms such as fever, cough, runny nose, and sneezing. If calculated in May
diagnosis of asthma in children contained as many as 90 people in the clinic this Pauh. Surely
disease Asthma in children can adversely impact other organs, because it is still vulnerable to
disease. Some serious impact that could result from this disease can be a disturbance process
of growth and development of children.

B. PURPOSE

1. The general objective

Patients can be expected to know and understand about the Asthma
2. Specific objectives
a. Explaining the sense Asthma
b. Knowing the cause of Asthma
c. Knowing the signs and symptoms of Asthma
d. Knowing the Asthma management

CHAPTER II
A. Implementation activity
1. Topic: Ashtma
2. Target: Student
3. Method:
a. Lecture
b. Discussion
4. Media:
a.Power point
b. LeafleT

5. Time and place

a. Day / Date: Friday, December 18, 2015
b. Time: 20min
c. Place: STIKes YARSI SUMBAR BUKITTINGGI
A. Extension Activity

NO TIME Extension Activity Activity

Participants
1. 5 minutes Opening : answering
 Say hello. greetings
 Explain the topic Noting
and purpose. Noting
 Explain time
contract

2. 5 minutes Cover Evaluate.

 Evaluate
together families  Listen and pay
for material that attention.
has been  Answering
discussed. greetings
 Summing
extension materials
that have been
discussed.
 Say hello

B. Evaluation Criteria
1. Evaluation of Structures
 Setting a regular, rectangular shaped.
 The atmosphere is quiet, there is no barrier for counseling.
 place and media outreach can be used as planned.

3. Evaluation Process
 During the process the family is expected to be able to follow all extension
activities.
 During the activity the family diharakan active role.
 ) During the activity the family diharakan ask questions.
 The role of the nurse as a conduit extension project on the destination.
4. Evaluation Results
a. Asthma correctly explain the meaning of
b. Knowing the cause of Asthma
c. Knowing the signs and symptoms of Asthma
d. knowing penalaksanaan disease Asthma:
 Pharmacology
 The non-pharmacological
 ASTHMA

A. Definition.

Asthma is a chronic disease ( chronic) which attacks the respiratory tract (

bronchiale ) in the lung where there is inflammation ( inflammatory ) bronchiale cavity walls
resulting in narrowing of the airways that eventually someone experiencing shortness of
breath .

B. Causes.

1. Predisposing Factors
Genetic, inherited is where talent allergy, although it is not known how clear
decline. Patients with allergic illnesses usually have close relatives also suffer from allergic
diseases. Because of the talent of this allergy, patients are very susceptible to disease if
exposed to asmabronkhial makes no originator. In addition hipersentifisitas respiratory tract
can also be lowered.

2. Precipitation Factors
a. Allergens
Where allergens can be divided into three types, namely:
1) Inhalants, entering through the respiratory tract
ex: dust, animal dander, pollen, mold spores, bacteria and pollution
2) Ingestan, entering through the mouth
ex: food and medicine
3) Kontaktan, entering through contact with the skin
ex: jewelery, metal and watches
b. Changes in the weather
The weather was damp and cold mountain air often affects asthma. The sudden
cold atmosphere is a trigger factor of asthma terjadinyaserangan. Sometimes the
attacks associated with the season, such as: the rainy season, dry season, spring.
This is related to the wind direction pollen and dust.
c. Stress
Stress / emotional disorders can trigger asthma attacks, but it can also aggravate
existing asthma attack. Besides asthma symptoms that arise must be treated
immediately with asthma who experience stress / gangguanemosi need to be
advised to resolve personal problems. Because if the stress is not addressed then
the asthma symptoms can not be treated.
d. Work environment
Has a direct relationship with the causes of asthma attacks. This has to do with
where he works. For example, people who work in laboratory animals, textile
industry, asbestos factory, the traffic police. These symptoms improved in time
off or leave.
e. Sport / strenuous physical activity
Most asthmatics will come under attack if doing physical activity or body weight
aloh. The easiest scamper cause asthma attacks. An asthma attack because
activity usually occurs shortly after the completion of the activity.
C . Signs and Symptoms.
1. Early Stadium
Hypersecretion of the more prominent factors :

a.Cough with sputum can be with or without a cold

b.Rochi smooth wet in the second or third strike , intermittent nature
c.Whezing yet
d.Belum there thoracic deformity
e.Ada increase in blood eosinophils and IG E
f.BGA not pathological
Bronchiolus spasm and edema factor more dominant
a.Timbul shortness of breath with or without sputum
b.Whezing
c.Ronchi wet if there hypersecretion
O2 partial pressure d.Penurunan
2. Advanced / Chronic Stadium
a.Cough , Ronchi
b. heavy breathing and chest as depressed
c.mucus sticky and difficult to remove
d.voice breath weakened even inaudible (silent Chest )
e.Thorak such as barrel chest
f.Look sternocleidomastoid muscle pull
g.Sianosis
h.BGA Pa O2 is less than 80 %
there is an increased lung i.Ro bronchovaskuler picture right and left
j.Hipokapnea even respiratory acidosis and alkalosis
Management

The general principle is the treatment of bronchial asthma:

a. Eliminate airway obstruction immediately.

b. Recognize and avoid the factors that can trigger asthma attacks
c. Provide information to patients or their families about asthma, its treatment and
about the good course of the disease so that patients understand the purpose of the
treatment given and in collaboration with a doctor or nurse who cared for him.

Treatment of bronchial asthma is divided into two, namely:

a. Non-pharmacologic treatment:
- Honey
Honey is very good for the mucus that inhibits the respiratory tract, which can then
be removed. You can eat honey with warm water. Do with cold water because it will
aggravate respiratory conditions, and not with hot water, as it will damage the
nutrients contained in honey. Mix 2-3 tablespoons of honey in warm water can then
be drunk.

- Ginger.
Famous ginger can warm the body, it is also one of the most powerful traditional
asthma medications. Ginger may help overcome inflammation, asthma itself caused
 no inflammation of the lower respiratory tract. Ginger can be added to the mixture of
honey, honey + ginger. Honey is a combination that is suitable for ginger. Besides it
tastes delicious, this combination will further accelerate overcome your asthma.
Currently, ginger halt the increase in mucus in the channel by addressing
inflammation, honey will dilute existing mucus so it can be removed.

The use of ginger can be used until finely ground, or to cut it, then mixed into honey
mixture. If only cut, give more ginger than if crushed.

b. Pharmacological treatment:

1) Bronchodilators: drugs that dilate the airways. Divided into 2 groups:

a) Sympathomimetics / adrenergic (adrenaline and ephedrine)
Name drugs:
- Orsiprenalin (Alupent)
- Fenoterol (berotec)
- Terbutaline (bricasma)
2) Santin (theophylline)
Name drugs:
- Aminofilin (Amicam supp)
- Aminofilin (Euphilin Retard)
- Theophylline (Amilex)
3) Kromalin
Kromalin not bronchodilators but an attack asma. Function
preventive medicine is for patients with allergic asthma, especially
children. Kromalin usually given together another anti-asthma drug,
and the effect is only visible after one month usage.

whether there are side effects. Here are some examples of the most
powerful traditional asthma medications that you can try.