Muddiest

 Points    
 Phase  Diagrams  III:  Fe  –  Fe3C  Phase  Diagrams  

 Muddiest  Points:    
•    What  is  the  difference  between  eutectoid,  
 hypoeutectoid,  and  hypereutectoid?    
 

•  What  are  ferrite,  austenite,  and  cemenBte?  

 

•   “Reading  the  phase  diagram  was  very  tough.”  

• “I  don’t  know  what  1020,  1060,  or  10100  steel  means.”  
• “What  does  each  phase  represent?  What  is    gamma?”  
 
 

 
 ,-.,-(Phases
What Are Characteristics of Important /#0123-#4526728#
on Fe – Fe3C Diagram?

Austenite-­‐  (γ)  Gamma  Iron:    

FCC  iron  with  Inters//al  solid   &$""# &)(%B/# &!C(B/#
solu/on  of    C  up  to  2.14  wt.  %  C  
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Ferrite-­‐(α)  Alpha  Iron:  BCC  Iron   /98:935;9<.#=>*#?#/#
with  inters//al  solid  solu/on  of  C  
up  to  0.022  wt%  carbon   Carbide  (CemenBte)-­‐  Iron  Carbide:  A  hard  and  
"#$%&$'()*+%,&-'./*01%.*,*2(.34%*2'4()*51,2%*&''42*(.$'*$6'*)(7%8%.$*2'4()*51
bri@le  stoichiometric  (fixed  composi/on)  
compound,  Fe3C.  It  has  an  orthorhombic  crystal  
From  Wikimedia  Commons   structure.  
Author:  #=Orci  ;  *=ARTE    
#  
 Fe-­‐Fe3C  Phase  Diagram  
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9-8?-72CE7-# Fe-­‐Fe3C  Phase  Diagram  Eutectoid  ReacBon-­‐  Steel  
IK#LE3C-A5C-#
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γ   γ+  Fe3C  
Temperature  °C    

%""#  α  +  γ      
727  °C  
0.022   0.76  

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Fe3C   M#J#,-
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Hypoeutectoid  Comp.   Hypereutectoid  Comp.  
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• Ferrite:    α  -­‐  BCC  Fe  0.022  wt%  C  max.  DucBle.  

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• Austenite:  γ  -­‐  FCC  Fe  2.14%  C  max.  DucBle.  
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• CemenBte:  Fe3C  –  Stoichiometric.  Hard  and  bri`le   ceramic.  
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SAE-­‐AISI  Terminology:  YY  XXX  Carbon  Steel   ABC:)78)98:2;",:5C&" ABC)4)78)98:2;",:5C&"
• First  2  or  3  digits  give  steel  alloy  type   +,#$,-./,01)2'3)4)+) />8?>
• 10xx  is  plain  carbon  steel  (no  alloy  elements)  

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AISI  Carbon  Steel  ClassificaBon  Chart  
• 41xx  is  a  common  alloy  steel  (Cr  0.5-­‐0.95%;  Mo  0.12-­‐0.30%)  
• See  h`p://www.keytometals.com/page.aspx? ClassificaBon   %  Carbon  
ID=CheckArBcle&site=kts&NM=333  for  more  informaBon   Low  Carbon   <0.30%  C  
Medium  Carbon   0.30%-­‐0.60%  
• Second  2  or  3  digits  give  %C  content  x  100   High  Carbon   0.60%-­‐1.00%  
• YY80  has  0.80  wt%  C   Ultrahigh  Carbon   1.25%-­‐  2.00%  
• YY100  has  1.0  wt.%  C  
 ApplicaBons  for  Steel  Types  
Low  Carbon  Steel:  Used  for  automobile  body  panels   *  
and  low-­‐strength  wires    
 
 
  *  
Medium  Carbon  Steel:  Used  for  axles,  gears,  rails,  
and  railway  wheels  
 
 
  #  
High  Carbon  Steel:  Used  for  springs  and  high-­‐
strength  wires  
 
  *  
41XX  Alloy  Steels:  Used  for  components  in  fossil  
fuel  and  nuclear  power  plants  
 
See  
h@p://www.keytometals.com/Ar/cles/Art62.htm  
for  more  informa/on   *=  From  Clker.com  
#=  Wikimedia  Commons,  author  Rkingsbury-­‐  Background  removed  
 How Does Carbon Content Affect Mechanical Properties?

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Temperature  °C    
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 Muddiest  Points    
 Phase  Diagrams  III:  Fe  –  Fe3C  Phase  Diagrams  

 Muddiest  Points:    
•    What  is  the  difference  between  eutectoid,  
 hypoeutectoid,  and  hypereutectoid?    
 

•  What  are  ferrite,  austenite,  and  cemenBte?  

 

•   “Reading  the  phase  diagram  was  very  tough.”  

• “I  don’t  know  what  1020,  1060,  or  10100  steel  means.”  
• “What  does  each  phase  represent?  What  is  gamma?”