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Non-Destructive Testing
Pull-out
Penetration resistance
Break-off
Carbonation Test
Chloride Tests
Measures the Abrade (smoothen) the Cheap method More accurate if test
compressive strength of surface from cubes from structure are
concrete. irregularities. available
P - Type is for less than 25 Press trigger so elestic Irregular surfaces can
N/mm2 mass can hit the surface affect results
and rebound.
Assesses variation in the Apply form of gel on Cheap method Moving transducers while
strength of concrete transducers and hold onto reading is being taken
concrete affects results
The velocity of a UP One will send a pulse Relatively quick Can't have gaps between
through concrete is through concrete and the the transducers and
affected by stiffness and other will receive it concrete
strength
Detects the presence of Move the receiving one Better than schmidt
voids, honeycombing, or away from the sending hammer as it takes into
dicontinuities. one to get a range of account internal
results properties
Well graded concrete Pulse velocity >4.5 km/s is
means it is good in terms excellent graded concrete,
of density, uniformity etc <3.0 is poor
Measure electrical Press two steel pins on Cheap method Can only measure
conductivity the surface dampness upto 5% for
concrete
Measure electrical Press contact head on Relatively quick Don't give the true % of
capacitance surface moisture content, lab
testing is required for that
This reaction produces Areas where concrete is Cut or drilled sections can
calcium carbonate and not alkaline anymore, mislead results (un-
reduces the Ph to 9 spray stay colourless hydrated cement particles
exposed)
Chroride salts in moist Mix sample with acid and Cheap method
concrete can increase rate insert pre-wetted chloride
of corrosion of steel and electrode
Locates steel bars Move probe along High accuracy Limited detection range
conctete
Measure the cover of Screen on probe will show Not influenced my Any conductive materials
concrete which direction to move moisture or irregularities within the magnetic field
in the concrete will affect measurement
Measures the corrosion of Locate steel and spacing Accurate If some steel is not
steel reinforcement (cover meter test) already exposed, cover
may need to be drilled
(slight damage)
Be aware of the
equipment used for NDT
Understanding of the
individual and combined
data sets