Prepared By :

Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshir

ID: 2010000400008
13th Batch (session 2009-2013)
Department : Wet Processing Technology
Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com
Blog : www. Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit)

Southeast University
Department Of Textile Engineering
I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh
 Piece Jig Dyeing

1. Fabric is treated in open width and is passed through the dye bath rather than
immersed in to a dye bath and this is repeated.

2. There is a degree of tension on the fabric and is therefore used on woven

fabrics and not knits.
 Jigg or jigger dyeing machine

Jigg or jigger dyeing machine is one of the oldest dyeing machine used for cloth dyeing
operations. Jigger machine is suitable for dyeing of woven fabrics, up to boiling
temperature without any creasing . Jigs exert considerable lengthwise tension on the
fabric and are more suitable for the dyeing of woven than knitted fabrics. Since the fabric
is handled in open-width, a jig is very suitable for fabrics which crease when dyed in rope
form.
 Study of Jigger Dyeing Machine.

1. Jigs exert considerable lengthwise tension on the fabric and are more
suitable for the dyeing of woven than knitted fabrics

2. There are mainly two types of jigger dyeing machine. One is open jigger
dyeing machine and other is closed jigger dyeing machine.

3. The number of ends or turns depends upon the type of the fabric and also
the percentage of the shade.

4. It exerts lot of tension in the warp direction and because of this normally
knitted fabrics is not dyed in jigger dyeing machine.
Main parts:
 Main parts:

A B

D D

F
C C

A=Let off roller

B=Take up roller
C=Free roller
D=Guide roller
E=Steam channel
F=Dye bath
 Main parts:

Main parts:
1. Guide roller
2. Take up roller
3. Let off roller
4. Steam channel
5. Dye bath

Utilities required:
1. Water
2. Steam
3. Electricity
Flow Diagram
Fabric tension: 5 to 70 kg/cm²

Speed: 10 to 150 m/min

Fabric width, max. 3800 mm

Roller width, max. 4000 mm

Roller diameter: 270 mm

Roller batch dia : 1000 or 1230 mm (dependent on the type of m/c)

Fabric height: 365 or 475 mm (dependent on the type of m/c)

Fig: Schematic diagram of Jigger dyeing machine
Technical Advantages:
• Fabric Rope Controller
1. automatically calculates the r.p.m. ensuring exact fabric
2. speed and tension providing excellent dye penetration.
3. Automatic sampling point selection.

• Direct drive of the main rollers

by frequency controlled motors with brake current return provide a
considerably shorter braking distance compared with hydraulic

• Loading/unloading device
for crease-free loading/unloading of the fabric (Option)
 JIGGER DYEING MACHINE

1. Based on experience and developments in industry and controller technology, the

Thies-Jigger is developed.

2. Suitable for processing fabric at atmospheric temperatures of up to 98°C and in HT

execution up to 143°C, this Jigger is especially recommended for the treatment of
crease sensitive, permeable and non-permeable articles in open width form, offering
optimum flexibility for the finishing of all modern fibres and blends.
3. Incorporating innovations in step less tension and material speed control and with
an economical dye trough designed for uniform dyeing in short liquor ratio
conditions.

4. An industrial PC, proven in the exhaust dyeing industry, including PLC and a fabric
rope monitoring system is used for the complete machine control, ensuring the
maintenance of optimum processing conditions.
 Technical Details:

Fabric tension 50 - 800 N

Fabric speed: 10 to 150 m/min
Fabric width up to 5400 mm
Roller width up to 5600 mm
Roller diameter* 330 - 550 mm
Batch diameter* 1000/1230/1450 mm

* Depending on the execution

 Jigger dyeing machine

Based on experience and developments in industry and controller technology, the Thies-Jigger is
developed. Suitable for processing fabric at atmospheric temperatures of up to 98°C and in HT
execution up to 143°C, this Jigger is especially recommended for the treatment of crease
sensitive, permeable and non-permeable articles in open width form, offering optimum
flexibility for the finishing of all modern fibres and blends. Incorporating innovations in step less
tension and material speed control and with an economical dye trough designed for uniform
dyeing in short liquor ratio conditions.
An industrial PC, proven in the exhaust dyeing industry, including PLC and a fabric rope
monitoring system is used for the complete machine control, ensuring the maintenance of
optimum processing conditions.
 Jiggers Theory

These machines have been used for a long time to treat medium-size lots of
woven with an
open-width exhaust dyeing process. The fabric moves while the liquor stands
still, except for the very latest machines, which are also equipped with a
circulation pump. The fabric pieces are sewn together tail-to-head, forming a sort
of “ribbon”. At the head and at the tail of the ribbon two cloths are added (4–5 m
long) to allow the regular dyeing of the whole pieces, also leaving the machine
drawn-in once the dyeing process has come to an end. The assembled pieces are
taken down from a roll, pass through the liquor (they are kept in the correct
position by means of transport cylinders and a tension equaliser, which avoids the
formation of wrinkles). The fabric is then wound on a takeup roll until the dyeing
process has ended. The piece through speed and tensions are adjusted by special
devices to avoid any change in dimensional stability, above all when treating
lightweight fabrics and/or delicate fibres.
 Jiggers Theory

The maximum diameter of the roller can be 1,450 mm with a width of the piece of
cloth ranging between 1,400 and 3,600 mm. The piece through speed is adjusted
between 30 and 150 m/min. and kept constant during the whole operation. Also
the tension must be constant and it can be adjusted between 0 and 60 kg. Since
the passage time is very short, dyeing occurs above all on the fabric wound on the
rolls. The composition of the liquor absorbed must be as uniform as possible on
the whole width and length of the fabric piece; for big lots, many additions may
be necessary to avoid the so-called head-tail defects. Lightweight fabrics
(viscose, nylon) that are stretched excessively during the takeup step can show
“shading” defects. Jiggers work with a quite low liquor ratio (from 1:1 to
1:6).Together with standard atmospheric systems, builders also offer HT jiggers
inside autoclaves working at high pressure. Jiggers are suitable for dyeing all type
of fibres.
6
 Significant innovations in the process technology ensure modern utilization

1. Direct drive of the main rollers via frequency controlled three-phase motors with brake drive
current return (energy saving)
2. A dye trough design ensuring minimum possible liquor ratio
3. Fabric rope monitoring control system for precise calculation and control of the fabric speed
and tension
4. Uniform dyeing conditions in the dye trough, independent of the batch size
5. Water meter for controlled rinsing
6. Dosing of dyes and chemicals dependent on the fabric length passing through the dye bath
7. Addition pressure pump for shading corrections and dosing
8. On the HT-Jigger dosing under pressure possible
9. External pump and heat exchanger ensure uniform liquor heating and circulation
10. Sidewise displacement of the main batch roller
11. Analogue level for dyeing kier
12. Floor level track system*
13. Easy maintenance
 Options:

1. Integrated fabric transfer system with spreader for crease-free

loading/unloading of the fabric .
2. Centre driven frequency controlled motor drive for loading/unloading of the
fabric from and to an A-frame .
3. Function “Salt dissolving” with electric stirrer and automatic brine transfer
into the kier .
4. Self cleaning liquor filter .
5. Chamber roof heating .
6. Spraying device in the dye trough for intensive rinsing of the fabric .
7. Moisture extraction device used in the unloading process .
8. Chamber roof cleaning spray .
9. Automation of the loading/unloading port* .
Fig: Atmospheric jigger dyeing machine
 Technical characteristic:
1. Slow start/stop.
2. Trough is entirely built in stainless steel AISI 316.
3. The door of machine pneumatically lifted & lowered.
4. To observe inside of the machine large windows are provided.
5. The doors and windows are sealed with special gasket against steam escape.
6. To prevent dripping of condensate there are steam coils in the hood.
7. Dye liquor circulation by means of pump this circuit is used for better leveled
dyeing or switching the flow on the spray pipes for more efficient washing or
raising.
8. Dye liquor filter outside the machine with large filtering surface.
9. Service tank for dye stuffs & chemicals.
10. Semi or fully automatic with microprocessor (optional).
 High-temperature High-pressure Auto jig

This machine is for the jig dyeing at high temperature and high pressure conditions of all
types of thick, thin fabrics, Terylene, chemical fiber and real silk fabrics. Under normal
temperature and pressure conditions, it can replace common jigs to dye all types of natural
silk, rayon and polyamide fiber. The machine is reasonably structured, with good safety and
capacity, easy to maintain.
 Limitations of Jigger Dyeing

1. Jigs exert considerable lengthwise tension on the fabric and are more suitable
for the dyeing of woven than knitted fabrics.

2. In textile preparation due to the swelling and dissolution of size, which makes
the fabric slippery and unstable in roll form.

3. The low liquor ratio makes washing-off difficult.

4. There is little mechanical action in a jig machine and it is less suitable where
vigorous scouring is required before dyeing.

5. Moiré effects or water marks may arise on some acetate and nylon fabrics
because of pressure flattening the structure of the rolled fabric.
problems related to the conventional jigger dyeing machines

Some critical problems related to the conventional jigger dyeing machines ( which are
minimized in the modern day machines) The major problems are side-to-centre color
variations, called listing, and lengthways color variations, called ending.

Other problems are

1. Temperature control from side-to-side and end-to-end of the roll

2. Tension control from end-to-end

3. Constant speed control from end-to-end

4. Prevention of creases

5. Prevention of air
Some wovens are conveniently dyed on jigger are ,

1. Taffettas

2. Plain wovens

3. Satins

4. Poplins

5. Ducks

6. Suiting and Shirting material.

7. Sheetings etc.

NOTE : but have limited application on fabrics which are tension sensitive
such as crepes , flat crepes , knits , net fabrics and elastomeric warps etc.
MAXI Hydraulic Type Jumbo Jigger Machine
SWR1400 Large-Size Jig Dyeing Machine
HD618 Constant Temperature Dye Jigger
 Maintenance:

Motor rpm: motor rpm should check to maintain the proper revolution as we need.
Proper movement of roller: every free roller should move freely as required.

Correct take up & let off: we have to look at the smooth take up of dyed fabric and
proper let off of grey fabric without excessive tension in dyeing.

Proper concentration of liquor: without even concentration of dyeing liquor even

shade would not be achieved. Proper concentration of dye bath is necessary to
ensure even and proper shade.

Temperature of bath: proper temperature of the dye bath should maintain constantly
and should rise and lower evenly with the gradient as require.
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