Sistem otot dalam bola sepak

Components of the kick

For a detailed analysis, we can break the kick action into six stages(2):
 the approach
 plant-foot forces
 swing-limb loading
 hip flexion and knee extension
 foot contact
 follow-through.
Table 1: Muscular action during kicking preparation (right-footed kick)

Body part Action Muscles

Abdominals, psoas major,

Stabilisation of rotation to
Trunk erector spinae and spinal
the right
postural muscles

Gluteus maximus and

Right hip Extension
hamstring group

Gluteus med, gluteus min,

Left hip External rotation and eccentric extension hamstring group and adductor
magnus

Right knee Flexion Hamstring group and popliteus

Left knee Eccentric extension Quadricep group

Right ankle Plantarflexion Plantarflexors

Left ankle Eccentric plantarflexion Plantarflexors

Middle and anterior deltoid

Left shoulder Abduction
and supraspinatus
Stage Two-Foot Planting –
Determines the direction of the kick
– Done in the sagittal plane
– Result of knee extension in stride and plantar flexion. P. Flexion may proceed into
dorsiflexion based upon circumstances or stage of the kick.

 Stage Three: Cocking of Kicking Limb -Power producing movement. -Knee Flexion is the main
component -Plantar flexion in the kicking foot -Hip extension -Possible hip abduction. This
movement stores up force and energy that will transfer over to the swing phase.
Stage Four: The Swing – Knee extension – Hip flexion – Plantar flexion This is an explosive
anaerobic movement. * Torque and moment arm play a major role in this movement. The longer
the limb and shorter moment arm, the higher the velocity will be generated.

Stage Five: Ball Contact – Knee Extension still taking place – Continuation of hip flexion
– Plantar flexion – Some dorsiflexion in planted foot

Stage Six: Follow Through – Continuation of ball contact  Knee Extension  Hip Flexion  Foot
begins to relax -Then the reverse happens -Hip Extension bringing leg back down -Athlete lands
on shooting foot
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