Team: Bryan, Opeoluwa and Mostafa Equation Derivation Sheet

Model Derivation
All variables are defined at the end of the sheet.

Consider the problem:

Figure 1. The geometry of the problem, circles indicate magnetic dipole.

Magnetic liquid flow is influenced by the dipole field with characteristics defined as follow
𝛾 𝑥
Φ= ( 2 )
2𝜋 𝑥 + (𝑦 + 𝑎)2

𝜕Φ 𝛾 𝑥 2 − (𝑦 + 𝑎)2
H𝑥 = − = {( 2 )}
𝜕𝑥 2𝜋 (𝑥 + (𝑦 + 𝑎)2 )2

𝜕Φ 𝛾 2𝑥(𝑦 + 𝑎)
H𝑦 = − = {( 2 )}
𝜕𝑦 2𝜋 (𝑥 + (𝑦 + 𝑎)2 )2

1
𝜕Φ 2 𝜕Φ 2 2
𝐻 = [( ) + ( ) ]
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

𝜕H 𝛾 2𝑥
=− ( )
𝜕𝑥 2𝜋 (𝑦 + 𝑎)4

𝜕H 𝛾 −2 4𝑥 2
= ( + )
𝜕𝑦 2𝜋 (𝑦 + 𝑎)3 (𝑦 + 𝑎)5

𝑀 = 𝐾 ∗ (𝑇𝑐 − 𝑇)
Team: Bryan, Opeoluwa and Mostafa Equation Derivation Sheet

We now consider the two-dimensional, Maxwell ferrofluid electrically non-conducting along with heat
and mass transfer past a stretching surface under the impact of external magnetic field induced by the
dipole. A permeable stretching sheet is considered along with the x-axis with velocity 𝑢𝑤 with
Boussineq’s boundary layer approximations, the governing equations for Maxwell saturated ferro-fluids
are

𝜕u 𝜕v
+ =0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

With the appropriate boundaries as follows;

at 𝑦 = 0

at 𝑦 → ∞
Team: Bryan, Opeoluwa and Mostafa Equation Derivation Sheet

Nomenclature

Φ permanent magnetic scalar potential

𝛾 strength of magnetic field

𝑥, 𝑦 dipole field axes

𝑎 distance of magnetic dipole away from sheet

H𝑥 , H𝑦 coordinate components of magnetic field intensity

𝐻 magnetic field intensity/strength

𝑀 magnetization

𝐾 ∗ pyromagnetic coefficient

𝑇𝑐 Curie temperature (e.g. 1043 K for iron)

𝑇 temperature

𝑇𝑚 mean fluid temperature

𝑢, 𝑣 are velocity component of fluid along coordinate axes,

𝜆1 is relaxation time,

C and T is concentration and temperature of fluid,

𝜌 is density of the fluid,

𝑐𝑠 is concentration susceptibility,

𝜇is dynamic viscosity,

𝜈 is kinematic viscosity,

𝜇0 is magnetic permeability,

𝑘 and 𝑐𝑃 are thermal conductivity and specific heat of fluid,

𝐷 is mass diffusivity,

𝑘 𝑇 is thermal diffusion ration,

𝑘0 is chemical reaction rate on the species concentration,

𝛽 is ferromagnetic interaction parameter,

𝛾1 is Maxwell parameter,
Team: Bryan, Opeoluwa and Mostafa Equation Derivation Sheet

𝜆 is viscous dissipation parameter,

𝑆𝑐 is Schmidt number,

Pr is Prandtl number,

𝑆 is a suction parameter,

𝛼1 is the dimensionless distance from the origin to the dipole

𝜀 is the dimensionless Curie temperature ratio,

𝑆𝑟 in the Soret number,

𝐾1 is the chemical reaction parameter.

c > 0 is the stretching rate of the sheet,

𝜈𝑤 is the suction/injection velocity