SPACING LIMITATIONS FOR REINFORCEMENTS

NSCP Section 407.70

1. Minimum clear spacing between parallel bars = 50mm

2. Minimum clear distance between bars placed in two (2)
or more layers = 25mm
3. Minimum clear distance between longitudinal bars for
spirally or tied reinforced compression member.
S >= 1.50 bar diameter
S >= 40mm
4. Minimum clear spacing for walls and slabs primary
flexural reinforcements.
S <= 3.0 wall/slab thickness
S <= 450mm

PROVISIONS FOR BUNDLED BARS

NSCP Section 407.7.6

1. Shall be limited to four(4) bars in one bundle.

2. Bars larger than 36mmq shall not be bundled.
3. Shall be treated as a single bar of a diameter derived
from the equivalent total area when considering spacing
limitations and minimum concrete cover that are based on
bar diameter.

MINIMUM CONCRETE COVER FOR CAST IN PLACE &

NONPRESTRESSED REINFORCED CONCRETE.
NSCP Section 407.8.10

1. Concrete cast against and permanently exposed to earth.

= 75mm
2. Concrete exposed to earth or weather.
a. 20mmq - 36mmq = 50mm
b. 16mmq & smaller = 40mm
3. Concrete not exposed to weather or in contact with
ground.
a. slabs, walls and joist
a.1. 45mmq & 60mmq = 40mm
a.2. 36mmq & smaller = 20mm
b. beams and columns = 40mm
c. shells and folded plate members
c.1. 20mmq & larger = 20mm
c.2. 16mmq & smaller = 12mm

382674897.xls Page 1 of 3 Spacing Requirements

MAXIMUM STEEL RATIO FOR NONPRESTRESSED REINFORCEMENTS

Flexural Members
NSCP Section 410.4.30
rmax = 0.75(rbal)
rbal = 0.85(b1)(f'c/fy)[600/(600+fy)
where:
r = As / [b(d)]
As = area of steel reinforcements, sq.mm
d = effective depth of section, mm
b = width of section, mm
f'c = compressive strength of concrete, MPa
fy = yield strength of non-prestressed reinforcing
steel, Mpa
b1 = 0.85 if f'c <= 30MPa
= 0.85 - 0.05[(f'c-30MPa)/7] if f'c > 30MPa
> = 0.65

MINIMUM STEEL RATIO FOR NONPRESTRESSED REINFORCEMENTS

Flexural Members
NSCP Section 410.6

1. Rectangular Beams
rmin = sqrt(f'c)/[4.0(fy)
= 1.40/fy
= greater value governs

2. T-section with Flange in Tension

rmin = sqrt(f'c)/[2.0(fy)

3. Structural Slabs and Footing of Uniform Thickness

NSCP Section 407.13.2.1
Ratio of area of reinforcements to gross concrete area:

a. Deformed bars with Grade 275MPa

or 345MPa - 0.0020
b. Deformed bars with Grade 415MPa - 0.0018
c. Deformed bars or wires with
Grade > 415MPa - 0.0018(415)/fy

STEEL RATIO LIMITATION FOR COMPRESSION MEMBER

NSCP Section 410.17.7.4

r = 0.01 - 0.08
where:
r = As / Ag
As = area of steel reinforcements, sq.mm

382674897.xls Page 2 of 3 Steel Ratio

 Ag = gross cross-sectional area of concrete, sq.mm

STEEL RATIO TABULATION

fy = 275.60 MPa
f'c(Mpa) b1 rbal rmax rmin
20.68 0.85 0.0371 0.0279 0.0051
27.58 0.85 0.0495 0.0372 0.0051
34.47 0.82 0.0596 0.0447 0.0053
41.37 0.77 0.0672 0.0504 0.0058

fy = 344.74 MPa
f'c(Mpa) b1 rbal rmax rmin
20.68 0.85 0.0275 0.0206 0.0041
27.58 0.85 0.0367 0.0275 0.0041
34.47 0.82 0.0442 0.0331 0.0043
41.37 0.77 0.0498 0.0374 0.0047

fy = 414.00 MPa
f'c(Mpa) b1 rbal rmax rmin
20.68 0.85 0.0214 0.0160 0.0034
27.58 0.85 0.0285 0.0214 0.0034
34.47 0.82 0.0343 0.0257 0.0035
41.37 0.77 0.0386 0.0290 0.0039

AREA, WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS OF REINFORCING BARS (ASTM A615)

Bar Bar Nominal Area

Size Size Mass (SI)
(Eng) (SI) (kg/m) (mm2)
#3 10 0.560 78.54
#4 12 0.994 113.10
#5 16 1.552 201.06
#6 20 2.235 314.16
#7 22 3.042 380.13
#8 25 3.973 490.87
#9 28 5.060 615.75
#10 32 6.404 804.25
#11 36 7.907 1017.88
#14 44 11.385 1520.53
#18 55 20.239 2375.83

382674897.xls Page 3 of 3 Steel Ratio