SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL AND BUILDING SCIENCES

CURRICULUM

and

SYLLABI

M.Tech Structural Engineering

 M.Tech. Structural Engineering
Curriculum

University Core
Course Code Course Title L T P C
ENG 601 Professional and Communication Skills (or) 1 0 2 2
Foreign Language 2 0 0 2
MAT 515 Computational Mathematics 3 1 0 4

Total credits : 6

University Elective
Course Code Course Title L T P C
University Elective 1 3 0 0 3

Total credits : 3

Programme Core
Course Code Course Title L T P C
CLE 505 Design of Concrete Structural Systems 3 0 2 4
CLE 506 Matrix Methods of Structural Analysis 3 0 2 4
CLE 507 Theory of Elasticity and Plasticity 3 0 0 3
CLE 508 Structural Dynamics 2 1 0 3
CLE 509 Finite Element Analysis 2 1 2 4
CLE 517 Pre‐stressed Concrete Structures 3 0 0 3
CLE 513 Advanced Concrete Technology 3 0 2 4
CLE 516 Earthquake resistant design 3 0 0 3
CLE 518 Limit State Design of Steel Structures 2 1 2 4
CLE 699 Masters Thesis ‐ ‐ ‐ 16
Science, Engineering and Technology Project - I - - - 2
Science, Engineering and Technology Project – II - - - 2

Total credits : 52

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Programme Elective

Course Code Course Title L T P C

Advanced Foundation Engineering 3 0 0 3
CLE 514 Design of Concrete Bridges 2 1 0 3
Design of Industrial Structures 3 0 0 3
CLE 515 Design of Tall Buildings 2 1 0 3
CLE 526 Energy Efficient Buildings 3 0 0 3
Environmental Engineering Structures 3 0 0 3
CLE 537 Experimental Stress Analysis 3 0 0 3
CLE 539 Machine Foundations 3 0 0 3
CLE 527 Maintenance & Rehabilitation of Structures 3 0 0 3
Off Shore Structures 3 0 0 3
CLE 511 Prefabricated Structures 3 0 0 3
CLE 512 Application of Numerical Methods in Structural Engineering 2 1 0 3
Soil Structure Interaction 3 0 0 3
CLE 543 Stability of Structures 3 0 0 3
CLE 542 Structural Optimization 2 1 0 3
Theory and Design of Plates & Shells 3 0 0 3

Total credits for 4 courses 12

Credit Summary Proposed

Minimum Qualifying credits 73

Total credits Offered (UC+PC+PE) 73
UC 6
UE 3
PC Offered 52
PE Needed 12

UC – University Core
UE – University Elective
PC – Programme Core
PE – Programme Elective

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CLE505 DESIGN OF CONCRETE LTPC 3 0 2 4
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS

Objectives: 1. This subject is intended to teach the concept of advanced

concrete design.
2. The various advanced concepts to design the structure will be
explained in the classes.
Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Analyse and design the deep beams.
2. Design shears wall buildings and flat slabs.
3. Design slender columns.

Limit state analysis and design of beams in flexure - Behavior of reinforced concrete members in
bending - Plastic hinge – Rotation capacity – Factors affecting rotation capacity of a section – Plastic
moment – Moment curvature relationship – Redistribution of moments.

Limit state design of deep beams.

Design of Flat Slabs using BIS 456.

Design of slender columns subjected to combined bending moment and axial force using SP 16

Analysis and Design of shear wall framed buildings.

Text Books
1. Krishnaraju, (1998), Advanced Concrete Design, CBS Publishers and distributors, Delhi.

References
1. Jain and Jaikrishna, (2002), Plain and reinforced concrete, Vol. II, Nemi Chand Bros.,
Roorkee.
2. Durham, (2003), Advanced Concrete Design, Oxford Publishing private Limited.
3. Mallick and Rangasamy, (2002), Reinforced concrete design”, Khanna publishers, Delhi.

Mode of Evaluation Continuous Assessment (Quizzes, CATs, Assignments, Projects,

etc.) and TEE

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CLE505 DESIGN LABORATORY FOR
CONCRETE STRUCTURAL
SYSTEMS

Objectives: 1. This subject is thought to impart knowledge of design of concrete structures

using
STAAD-PRO package

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Design the continuous beams

2. Design the deep beams

3. Design the columns.
4. Design the slab and frame

List of Experiments: Design of the following concrete structures:-

1. Design of the Continuous beams

2. Design of the Deep beams
3. Design of the Columns
4. Design of the Shear walls
5. Design of the slab
6. Design of the frame

Text Books
1. Krishnaraju, (2003), Advanced Reinforced Concrete Design, CBS Publishers and distributors, Delhi

References
1. Jain and Jaikrishna, (2002), Plain and reinforced concrete, Vol. II, Nemi Chand Bros., Roorkee.

2. Durham, (2003), Advanced Concrete Design, Oxford Publishing private Limited.

3. Mallick and Rangasamy, (2002), Reinforced concrete design”, Khanna publishers, Delhi

Mode of Evaluation Continuous Assessment (Quizzes, CATs, Model exam, Record Work, Viva-
voce, Practicals, etc.) and TEE

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CLE506 MATRIX METHODS OF STRUCTURAL LTPC 3 0 2 4
ANALYSIS

Objectives: 1. The course is intended to teach the basic concepts of Matrix Methods of
Structural
Analysis.
2. Different methods will be taught in the class and their use will be explained
in the class.
Expected Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
Outcome: 1. Solve the different structures by using flexibility and stiffness methods.
2. Analyze the substructures, frames and trusses.
3. Use the different structural analysis software.

Energy Concepts and Transformation of Coordinates - Basic assumptions - Types of loads -

Compatibility conditions - Static and kinematic indeterminacy - Principles of superposition - Strain
energy - Stiffness for beam element from strain energy.

Properties of stiffness and flexibility matrices - solution of simple problems.

Flexibility method applied to statically indeterminate structures - Analysis of continuous beam, plane
truss and plane frame - Internal forces due to thermal expansion and lack of fit – effect of settlement
of supports.

Stiffness method applied to kinematically indeterminate structures - Analysis of continuous beam,

plane truss and plane frame - Internal forces due to thermal expansion and lack of fit – effect of
settlement of supports

Analysis of space truss by flexibility matrix method & stiffness matrix method. Analysis of space
frame and grid - Use of software package for the analysis of structures.

Text Books
1. Pundit G.S., & Gupta S.P., (2001), Structural Analysis (A matrix approach), Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Ltd.

References
1. J.S.Przemieniecki, (2001), Theory of Matrix structural Analysis, McGraw-Hill.
2. Meek J.L., (2000), Matrix Structural Analysis.
3. Kanchi, (1998), Matrix Structural Analysis, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.

Mode of Continuous Assessment (Quizzes, CATs, Assignments, Projects, etc.) and

Evaluation TEE

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CLE506 SOFTWARE LABORATORY FOR
MATRIX ANALYSIS (MAT Lab)

Objective: 1. This subject is taught to impart knowledge of analysis of

structural elements using Mat Lab

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Analyse the continuous beams and the plane trusses
2. Analyse plane frames and gable frames.
3. Analyse the space truss and space frame, grid structure.
4. Know the behaviour of structures
List of Experiments: Analysis of the following concrete structures by using matrix methods :-
1. Continuous Beam
2. Plane truss
3. Plane frame
4. Gable frame
5. Space truss
6. Space frame
7. Grid
Text Books
1. V.N.Vazirani & M.M.Ratwani, (1998), Analysis of Structures, Khanna Publishers.

References
1. R.L.Jindal, (1996), Indeterminate Structures, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing House.
2. G.S.Pandit & Gupta S.P, (1998),. Structural Analysis (A matrix approach), Tata Mc Graw Hill
Publishing Ltd.
3. Wang C.K., (1996), Matrix Method of Structural Analysis, Jon Wiley publications.

Mode of Evaluation Continuous Assessment (Quizzes, CATs, Model exam, Record

Work, Viva-voce, Practicals, etc.) and TEE

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CLE507 THEORY OF ELASTICITY LTPC 3 0 0 3
AND PLASTICITY

Objectives: This subject is taught to impart knowledge on theory of elasticity

and plasticity.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Analyse the stresses and strains for two dimensional and three
dimensional elements.
2. Understand the equilibrium and compatibility conditions.
3. Solve the problems on Torsion for different shaped bars.
4. Understand the concept of plasticity.

Analysis of Stress and Strain - Elasticity approach – Definition and notation of stress – Components of
stress and strain – Generalized Hooke’s law -Two dimensional Problems in Cartesian Coordinates -Plane
stress and plain strain problems with practical examples - Equations of equilibrium and compatibility
conditions in Cartesian coordinates – Airy’s stress function - Bending of simply supported beams.

Two dimensional Problems in Polar Coordinates - Equations of equilibrium and compatibility conditions
in polar coordinates – Axi-symmetrical problems - Thick cylinder under uniform pressure - Circular arc
beams subjected to pure bending.

Principal stresses and strains for three dimensional element – Equations of equilibrium and compatibility
conditions for 3D problems in Cartesian co-ordinates - Transformation of stresses and strains.

Torsion - Torsion of various shaped bars - Pure torsion of prismatic bars - Prandtle’s membrane analogy
- Torsion of thin walled tubes and hollow shafts.

Introduction to plasticity – Stress – Strain diagram – Plastic analysis – Yield criteria – St. Venant’s
theory – Von mises criterion – Plastic work – Strain hardening.
Text Books
1. Timoshenko and Goodier, (2000), Theory of Elasticity, Tata McGraw Hill Company.
References
1. Mendelson, A., (2002), Plasticity: Theory & Applications, Mac Millan & Co., New York.
2. Sadhu Singh, (2004), Theory of Plasticity, Dhanpat Rai sons Private Limited, New Delhi.
Mode of Evaluation Continuous Assessment (Quizzes, CATs, Assignments, Projects,
etc.) and TEE

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 CLE508 STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS LTPC 2 1 0 3

Objectives: 1. To find the behaviour of structures subjected to dynamic loads

such as wind, earthquake and blast loads.
2. To study the different Dynamic analysis procedures for calculating
the response of structures.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Solve the problems on Single degree of freedom.
2. Understand the difference between harmonic loading and impulse
loading and the related analysis procedures.
3. Evaluate the structural properties, mode shapes for different
structures.

Single Degree of Freedom – Introduction - Alembert’s principle - Mathematical models for SDOF systems
– Free vibration – Damped and undamped – Critical damping – Logarithmic decrement.

Response to Harmonic Loading and Impulse Loading - Analysis of undamped and damped system and
general dynamic loading.

Vibration Analysis - Rayleigh’s method – Approximate Analysis – Improved Rayleigh method.

Multidegree of Freedom System - Evaluation of structural property matrices – Mode shape - Orthogonality
conditions – Undamped and damped system – Mode superposition method.

Continuous Systems - Differential equation of motion – Transverse vibration of linearly elastic beams –
Analysis of undamped free vibration of simply supported and cantilever beams – Orthogonality condition.
Text Books
Mario Paz, (2001), Structural Dynamics – Theory and Computation, Second Edition – CBS Publishers.

References
1. Clough and Penzien, (2000), Dynamics of Structures, Second Edition, McGraw Hill Book Company.
2. Anil K. Chopra, (2003), Dynamics of Structures – Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering,
Second Edition, Prentice-Hall India Private Ltd.

Mode of Evaluation Continuous Assessment (Quizzes, CATs, Assignments, Projects, etc.)

and TEE

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CLE509 FINITE ELEMENT LTPC 2 1 2 4
ANALYSIS

Objectives: 1. The course is intended to teach the basic concepts of finite

element analysis.
2. Different methods will be taught in the class and their use will be
explained in the class.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Calculate strain and stress matrix.
2. Know the analysis procedure and the matrix operations.
3. Know the concepts of isoparametric elements.

Introduction - Background – General description of the method – Analysis procedure - Stress and strain
vectors – Stain displacement equations – Linear constitutive equations – Overall stiffness matrix – Overall
load matrix - Analysis of beams.

Theory of Finite Element - Concept of an element – Various element shapes – Displacement models –
Approximation displacements by polynomials – Convergence requirements – Shape functions – Element
strains and stresses – Direct formulation of element stiffness matrix and load matrix – Natural Coordinates
(area and volume)

Overall Problems - Discretisation of a body or structure – Minimization of band width – Construction of

stiffness matrix and loads for the assemblage – Boundary conditions – Analysis of plane truss, space truss,
plane frame and grid.

Plane stress – plane strain - CST, LST & QST elements - solutions of problems,

Natural Coordinate and Iso parametric Formulation - Iso parametric Bar element - Plane bilinear
isoparametric element - Plane stress element - Quadratic plane elements - Application of Gauss Quadrature
formulation – Lagrangion and serendipity elements.
Text Books
1. C.S.Krishnamoorthy, (2002), Finite Element Analysis, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.

References
1. Cook R.D., Malkas D.S. & Plesha M.E, (1999), Concepts and applications of Finite element analysis,
John Wiley & Sons.
2. Reddy, (2002), Finite Element Methods, Tata McGraw Hill Co.
3. Zeinkeiwich O.C., (2003), The finite element method in Engineering Science, Tata McGraw-Hill.
Mode of Evaluation Continuous Assessment (Quizzes, CATs, Assignments, Projects,
etc.) and TEE

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 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS LABORATORY

Course Prerequisites: CLE506

Objective:
1. This subject is taught to give an exposure of Fortran / C languages / Matlab

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Write the computer programs for analyse different types of structures
2. Understand the concepts of programming
3. Analyse the structures by means of programming techniques.

Contents:
• Continuous beams
• Plane trusses
• Portal frames,
• Grid

Writing computer programming for the following :

1. computer programming for analysis of continuous beam

2. computer programming for analysis of Plane trusses
3. computer programming for analysis of Plane frame
4. computer programming for analysis of Grid
5. Computer Programming for analysis of space truss

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 CLE517 PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

Objectives:
1. This subject is thought to give the concepts of pre stress
2. To impart the knowledge about analysis and design of pre stressed concrete members.
Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Know the concepts, methods and materials of pre stressing systems.
2. Design the pre stressed concrete members.
3. Calculate the deflections in pre stressed concrete members.
4. Design anchorage zones and composite pre stressed concrete members.
Contents:

• Materials and losses in pre stress

• Design of pre stresses concrete beams
• Deflections
• Anchorage design
• Composite pre stressed concrete beams

Difference between reinforced and pre-stressed concrete – Principles of pre-stressing –

Methods and systems of pre-stressing – Principles of pre-stressing – Classification of pre-
stressed concrete structures – Materials – High strength concrete and High strength steel –
Stress-strain diagram - Losses in pre-stress.

Design of prismatic pre-stressed concrete members for bending at service load.

Simple cable profiles – Calculation of deflections – Design of beams for shear and torsion
at working and ultimate loads.

Design of Anchorage zone by Guyon’s method – Concept of Magnel’s method – IS 1343

recommendations.

Pre-stressed concrete beams – Design procedure – Calculation of stresses at important

stages both for propped and unpropped constructions – Shrinkage stresses. Statically
indeterminate structures – Concept of concordant cable and profile – Sketching of pressure
lines for continuous beams. Application to Bridges

Text Book:

1. Krishna Raju.N, (2004), Pre stressed Concrete, Third Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Co.

Reference Books:
1. Rajagopal.N, (2005), Prestressed Concrete, Second Edition, Narosa Publishing House.
2. Dayarathnam P, (2004), Prestressed Concrete Structures, S.Chand Publishers.
3. Sinha.N.C and Roy.S.K, (2000), Fundamentals of Pre-stressed Concrete, S.Chand &
Company limited.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

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 CLE513 ADVANCED CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY L T P C
3 0 2 4

Objectives:
This course mainly aims to develop the knowledge about properties of cement concrete
and importance of admixtures in concrete.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Know the various materials in concrete and admixtures.
2. Do the Mix design by different methods.
3. Get a thorough knowledge of various types of cement, aggregates and properties of
special concrete.
4. Know the different procedures for testing concrete.

Contents:
• Material, reinforcement and admixtures
• Mix design
• Modern trends in concrete
• Concrete testing
• Special concrete.

Materials - Concrete materials - Reinforcements and admixtures.

Mix Design – Specifications - Design of concrete mixes by IS code method - ACI

method - Road Note No:4 method – High strength concrete.

Behaviour of Concrete - Modern trends in concrete manufacture and placement

techniques - Theological behaviour of fresh concrete and hardened concrete - Resistance
to static and dynamic loads.

Testing of Concrete - Non-destructive testing and quality control – Durability - Corrosion

protection and fire resistant.

Special Concrete - Pre-cast concrete - Light weight concrete - Under water concrete –
Pump concrete - Polymer concrete - Composites and fibre reinforced concrete.

Text Book:
1. Shetty. M.S.(2002), Concrete Technology, S.Chand & Company Ltd.
Reference Books:
1. Neville, A.M.(2003), Properties of Concrete, Standard Publishers Distributors.
2. Varshney(2000), Concrete Technology, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.
3. IS : 383 – 1970, (2005), Specification for Coarse and fine natural sources for Concrete,
BIS, New Delhi.
4. IS : 9103-1979, (2005), Specification for Admixtures for Concrete, BIS, New Delhi.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

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 CLE513L ADVANCED CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY L T P C
0 0 2 1

Objectives:
1. This subject is taught to get the knowledge of testing of structures.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:

1. Design concrete mix for particular grade of concrete

2. Test the concrete for various loading conditions
3. Do the non-destructive testing.

Contents:
• Mix design
• Concrete tests
• Under reinforced beam
• Over reinforced beam
• Non-destructive testing

1. Design of Concrete mix by IS Code Method

2. Tests on Concrete – in compression, tension and bending – modulus of elasticity
3. Demonstration of a typical under – reinforced beam
4. Demonstration of a typical over – reinforced beam
5. Non-destructive tests on concrete – Rebound hammer and ultrasonic concrete test

Reference Book: Lab Manual prepared by VIT faculty.

Mode of Evaluation: Experiments / Record Work / Oral / Practical Examination.

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 CLE516 EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN L T P C
3 0 0 3

Objectives:
1. To impart the knowledge about the earthquake and its occurrence.
2. To know about the mathematical modeling of structures subjected to earthquakes and their
behaviour.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Evaluate the behaviour of structures under dynamic loadings.
2. Know methodology for earthquake resistant design.
3. Design the buildings using capacity design concept.
4. Design the multi storied building using computer.

Contents:
• Basic of Seismology
• Theory of vibrations
• Earthquake resistant design
• Capacity design method
• Multi storey building analysis

Elements of Seismology - Definitions of magnitude – Intensity - Epicenter etc - General

features of tectonics of seismic regions - Seismographs.

Theory of Vibrations - Free vibrations of single degree - Two degree and multiple degree
freedom systems - Computations of dynamic response to time dependent forces -
Vibrations isolation – Vibration absorbers - Brief introduction to instruments -
Accelerograms.

Principles of earthquake resistant design - Response spectrum theory - Application of

response spectrum theory to seismic design of structures.

Capacity - Design Principles - Design criteria for strength - Stiffness and ductility.

Earthquake Analysis and Design - Characteristics of earthquake – Earthquake response of

structures – Concept of earthquake resistance design – Code provisions for design of
building – IS 1893 and IS 4326 – Energy absorption capacity. Behaviour and design of
masonry buildings subjects to earthquake ground motion - Seismic retrofitting strategies
for RC and masonry buildings. Seismic analysis and design of a multi storied building
using Computer.

Text Book:
1. Anil K. Chopra, (2003), Dynamics of Structures – Theory and Applications to
Earthquake Engineering, Second Edition, Prentice-Hall India Pvt Ltd.

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Reference Books:
1. Pauley & Priestly, (1992), Seismic design of reinforced concrete and masonry
buildings, John Wiley & Sons.
2. Stratta.J.L, (1998), Manual of Seismic Design, Prentice-Hall India Pvt Ltd.
3. Kramer.S.L., (2002), Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice-Hall India Pvt
Ltd.
4. Pankaj Agarwal and Manish Shrikhande, Earthquake resistant design of structures,
Prentice-Hall India Pvt Ltd.
5. Park R and Paulay T. Reinforced Concrete Structures, John Wiley & Sons, 1975.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignment, Seminar and Written Examination.

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 CLE518 LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES L T P C
2 1 2 4

Objectives:
To know how to design and use the different types of steel structural elements.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Design compression members.
2. Design light gauge steel structures.
3. Analyse the beams and portal frames.
4. Design joints and connections using riveted and welded connections.

Contents:
• Compression members
• Plastic Analysis
• Light gauge sections
• Joints and connections.

Limit state design of Steel Structures – Plastic section – Section classification – Partial
safety factor - Design of joints and connections – Bolted – Welded –Simple connections,
Beam –to- Beam connections, Beam and column splices - Semi rigid connection.

Design of compression members – Axially – Uni axial and biaxial bending. Design of
base slab.

Plastic Analysis of Structures – Introduction - Shape factors – Mechanisms - Plastic

hinge - Analysis of beams and portal frames - Design of continuous beams.

Design of Light Gauge Steel Structures - Types of cross sections - Local buckling and
lateral buckling - Design of compression and tension members – Beams - Deflection of
beams.

Design of Tension members - Design of Chimney

Text Book:
1. Subramanian. N., (2008), Design of Steel Structures, Oxford University Press, New
Delhi.

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Reference Books:
1. Horne, M.R., and Morris, L.J., (1996), Plastic Design of Low-rise frames, Granada
Publishing Ltd; N.Y.
2. Salmon, C.G., and Johnson, J.E., (2000), Steel Structures – Design and Behaviour,
Harper and Row.
3. Kuzamanovic, B.O. and Willems, N., (1997), Steel Design for Structural Engineers,
Prentice Hall.
4. Dayarathnam.P., (2004), Design of Steel Structures, S.Chand and Publishers, New
Delhi.
5. IS Code books : IS 800,IS 801, IS 811.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

DESIGN LABORATORY FOR LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF STEEL

STRUCTURES

Course Prerequisites: CLE505

Objective:
1. This subject is taught to impart knowledge of design of steel structures using
STAAD-PRO package

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Design continuous beams
2. Design columns
3. Design frame
4. Design light gauge steel structures

Contents:
• Continuous Beams
• Columns
• Light gauge steel structures
Design of the following concrete structures:- 1. Design of continuous Beams
2. Design of columns
3. Design of frame
4. Design of Light gauge steel structures

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 ADVANCED FOUNDATION ENGINEERING L T P C
3 0 0 3

Objectives:
This subject is taught to impart the knowledge in the area of analysis and design of
foundations and earth retaining structures.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:

1. Understand the concepts of shallow foundations.

2. Design the retaining walls and sheet piles.
3. Know the types well foundations.
4. Design pile foundation.
Contents:
• Shallow foundation
• Deep foundation
• Retaining structures
• Pile foundations
• Well foundations

Shallow Foundations - Spread footings – Contact pressure – Structural design of

individual footings – Pedestals - Combined footings (Rectangular and trapezoidal) –
Eccentrically loaded footings – Mat foundations.

Retaining Structures - Stability of walls – Design of cantilever and counter fort walls –
Design of gravity walls – Coffer dams – Braced coffer dams – Stability of bottom
excavation – Anchorage – Walls and tie rods.

Pile Foundations - Types of piles – Static and dynamic pile formula – Pile groups –
Efficiency of pile group.

Settlement of piles – Batter piles – Analysis of pile groups – Structural design of piles
and pile caps.

Well Foundations - Types of wells or caissons – Components – Shapes of wells – Forces

acting – Construction– Design of drilled caissons.

Text Book:
1. Gopal Ranjan and ASR Rao, (2002), Basic and applied Soil Mechanics, Wiley Eastern
Ltd.

Reference Books:
1. Bowles, (2000), Foundation analysis and design, McGraw Hill Co.
2. Teng, (2003), Foundation analysis and design, Prentice Hall of India.
3. Shenbaga R.Kaniraj, (1998), Design aids in Soil mechanics and Foundation
Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill
Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

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 CLE514 DESIGN OF CONCRETE BRIDGES L T P C
2 1 0 3

Objective:
This subject is taught to impart the knowledge in the analyses and design of concrete
bridges.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Understood the load distribution and IRC standards.
2. Design the slab bridges.
3. Design the Arch bridges and
4. Design the bridge bearings, hinges and expansion joints.

Contents:
• IRC loading and other methods
• Slab bridges
• Arch bridges
• Miscellaneous bridges
• Substructures

Load Distribution Theory - I.R.C. loading standards – Bridge slabs – Effective width
method as per I.R.C. – Pigeaud’s method – Bridge girders – Courbon’s method –
Assumptions and analysis of a typical bridge floor – Hendry-Jaeger method – Morice –
Little version of Guyon and Massonet method (principles only)

Slab Bridges - Straight and skew slab bridges – T beam bridges – Balanced cantilever
bridges – Design of articulation – Continuous girder bridges.

Arch Bridges - Single span closed and open spandrel symmetrical type (structural
arrangements and functions only) – Design of bow string girder bridges.

Other Bridges - Box culvert (Single vent only) – Single span rigid frame bridges (Barrel
of solid slab type only) – Pre-stressed composite T beam bridges (structural arrangements
only)

Substructures - Design principles of Piers and abutments – Bridge bearings - Hinges and
expansion joints.

Text Book:
1. Johnson Victor, D, (1999), Essentials of Bridge Engineering, Oxford Publishing
Company.

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Reference Books:
1. Jain and Jaikrishna,(2000), Plain and reinforced concrete, Vol.2., Nem Chand
Brothers.
2. Standard specifications and code of practice for road bridges, (2005) – IRC section I,
II, III and IV. 3. The Concrete Association of India, (2000), Concrete Bridges.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

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 DESIGN OF INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES L T P C
3 0 0 3

Objective:
This subject imparts a broad knowledge in the area of industrial structures.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Know the requirements of various industries.
2. Get an idea about the materials used and planning.
3. Know the construction techniques.
4. Understood the functional requirements.

Contents:
• Industrial requirements
• Planning of building works
• Construction techniques
• Functional requirements

General - Specific requirements for industries like textile, sugar, cement, chemical, etc - Site
layout and external facilities. Planning of Building Work – Standards - Structural materials
including plastics – Polymers - Fibre glass - Pressed card boards, etc

Multi-storey buildings - Steel skeletal structures - Reinforced concrete frames – Workshops -

Ware houses - Single storey buildings - Sheds in steel and reinforced concrete - North-lights -
Single span spherical and other special constructions

Cooling towers and chimneys - Bunkers and silos’ prefabrication - Construction. Construction
Techniques - Expansion joints - Machine foundations - Other foundations - Water proofing -
Roofs and roofing - Roof drainage - Floors and flooring joists - Curtain walling - Outer wall
facing - Sound and shock proof mountings - Use of modern hoisting and other construction
equipments.

Circulation - Communication and Transport - Fixed points ( central cores) – Staircases - Grid
floor sections - Lifts refuse disposals - Utilization of waste materials – Cranes - Continuous
conveyors - Mobile cranes – Transporters – Doors - Sliding gates.

Functional Requirements – Lighting: Natural lighting - Protection from the sun - sly lights -
window cleaning installations -Services: Layout – wiring – fixtures - cable and pipe bridges -
electrical installations - lighting substation - Effluent. Ventilation and fire protection: Ventilation
- Air-conditioning - Fire escapes and chutes - Fire alarms - Extinguishers and hydrants.

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Text Book:
1. Dunham, (2002), Planning of industrial structures, Tata McGraw Hill.

Reference Books:
1. Water Henn, (1998), Buildings for industry, John Wiley and Sons.
2. Glover, (1997), Structural Pre cast Concrete, Tata McGraw Hill.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

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 CLE515 DESIGN OF TALL BUILDINGS L T P C
2 1 0 3
Course Prerequisites: Design of Steel Structures, Structural analysis

Objectives:
1. This course is intended to teach the concept of tall structures.
2. Various methods to analyse the tall structure will be explained in the classes.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Know the types of tall buildings.
2. Analyze the plane frame systems by different methods.
3. Design the shear wall system and in filled frame systems.
4. Do the three dimensional analysis.

Contents:
• Classification of buildings
• Plane frame systems
• Shear wall system
• In-filled frame system
• Three dimensional analysis

Introduction - Classification of buildings according to NBC – Types of loads – wind load

– Seismic load – Quasi static approach.

Plane Frame System - Calculation of wind load – Approximate method – Portal -

Cantilever and factor methods – Kani’s method – Substitute frame method for dead load
and live loads.

Shear Wall System - Rosman’s analysis – Design aspect – RC frame and shear wall
interaction – Equivalent frame method.

In-filled Frame Systems - Importance – Methods of analysis – Equivalent truss and frame
method – Force-displacement method – Effect of perforation in the in-filled frame.

Three Dimensional Analysis - Basic principles – Centre of rotation of a rigid floor –

Force displacement method.

30
Text Book:
1. Ramachandra (2005), Design of Steel Structures–Vol.II, Standard Book House, 1750-
a, Nai Sarak, Delhi-6.

Reference Books:
1 Sarwar Alam Raz, (2001), Analytical methods in Structural Engineering, Wiley Eastern
Private Limited, New Delhi.
2. Ghali.A., Neville.A.M and Brown.T.G, (2003), Structural Analysis – A unified
classical and Matrix Approach (Fifth Edition), Span press.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

31
 CLE526 ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS L T P C
3 0 0 3

Objectives:
1. This course aims to highlight importance of Energy- Efficient Buildings within the
context of Energy issues in the 21st century.
2. To familiarize students with the concept of Energy efficiency, Renewable sources of
energy and their effective adaptation in green buildings
3. To give a fuller understanding of Building Form and Fabric, Infiltration, ventilation,
Lighting, cooling and water conservation.
4. To highlight the importance of Environmental Management as well as Environmental
Impact Assessment methods in Energy efficient buildings.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
1. Understand why buildings should be made energy efficient.
2. Have a fuller grasp on Renewable Energy mechanisms such as Passive Solar heating
and collection, Photovoltaics, and Ground source heat pumps, and their adaption to green
building concepts.
3. Understand the concepts of Site and Climate, Building Form, Building Fabric,
Infiltration and ventilation, Lighting, Heating, Cooling, Energy Management and water
conservation.
4. Have the necessary skills to undertake an Environmental Impact Assessment study for
Energy Efficient Buildings. They shall be equipped with the associated cutting-edge
management strategies too.

Contents:
1) Green Buildings, Energy and Environment
2) Renewable Energy, Site and Climate
3) Building Form and Fabric
4) Infiltration, Ventilation, Lighting, Cooling and Water Conservation
5) Case studies of Green Buildings in India and Energy management

Green Buildings within the Indian Context, Types of Energy, Energy Efficiency and
Pollution, Better Buildings, Reducing energy consumption, Low energy design.

Renewable Energy sources that can be used in Green Buildings – Solar energy, Passive
Solar Heating, Passive Solar collection, Wind and other renewables. A passive solar
strategy, Photovoltaics, Climate and Energy, Macro and Microclimate. Indian Examples.

Building Form – Surface area and Fabric Heat Loss, utilizing natural energy, Internal
Planning, Grouping of buildings. Building Fabrics- Windows and doors, Floors, Walls,
Masonry, Ecological walling systems, Thermal Properties of construction material.

32
Infiltration and ventilation, Natural ventilation in commercial buildings, passive cooling,
modeling air flow and ventilation, Concepts of daylight factors and day lighting, daylight
assessment, artificial lighting, New light sources. Cooling buildings, passive cooling,
mechanical cooling. Water conservation- taps, toilets and urinals, novel systems,
collection and utilization of rain water.

Energy awareness, monitoring energy consumption, Building Environmental Assessment

- environmental criteria - assessment methods - assessment tools (e.g. LEED). Ecohomes,
Sustainable architecture and urban design – principles of environmental architecture.
Benefits of green buildings – Energy Conservation Building code - NBC -Case Studies –
Green Buildings in Auroville and Dakshina Chitra, Tamil Nadu, India.

Text Book:
1. William T. Meyer., Energy Economics and Building Design., New York: McGraw-
Hill, Inc

Reference Books:
1. Public Technology, Inc. (1996). Sustainable Building Technical Manual: Green
Building Design, Construction, and Operations. Public Technology, Inc., Washington,
DC.
2. Sim Van Der Ryn, Stuart Cowan, “Ecological Design”, Island Press (1996).
3. Dianna Lopez Barnett, William D. Browning ,”A Primer on Sustainable Building”,
Rocky Mountain Green Development Services,.
4. The HOK Guidebook to Sustainable Design, Sara Mendler and William Odell, John
Wiley.
5. David A. Gottfried, Sustainable Building Technical Manual., Public Technology Inc
6. Richard D. Rush, . Building System Integration Handbook., New York: John Wiley &
Sons
7. Ben Farmer & Hentie Louw., Companion to Contemporary Architectural Thought,
London & New York: Routledge
8. Peter Noever (ed)., Architecture in Transition: Between Deconstruction and New
Modernism., Munich: Prestel.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

33
 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING STRUCTURES L T P C
3 0 0 3

Objectives:
This subject is taught to impart the knowledge in the area of analysis and design of pipes
and sewage structures.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to

1. Understand the concepts of pipe network and design.

2. Design the water tanks and concrete roofing systems.
3. Design the special purpose structures.
4. Understand the concepts of filter walls and clarifiers.

Contents:
• Pipe design
• Water tank design
• Repair and rehabilitation
• Filler walls
• Water and sewerage works

Design of Pipes - Structural design of concrete - Pre-stressed concrete steel and cast iron
piping mains - Sewerage tanks design - Anchorage for pipe – Massive outfalls –
Structural design and laying – Hydrodynamic considerations.

Analysis and design of water tanks - Design of concrete roofing systems using
cylindrical, spherical and conical shapes using membrane theory and design of various
types of folded plates for roofing using concrete - IS Codes for the design of water
retaining structures

Design of circular, rectangular, spherical and Intze type of tanks using concrete - Design
of pre-stressed concrete cylindrical tanks – Economic analysis

Design of Special Purpose Structures - Underground reservoirs and swimming pools -

Intake towers - Structural design including foundation of water retaining structures such
as settling tanks, clarifloculators, aeration tanks etc. – Effect of earth pressure and uplift
considerations – Selection of materials of construction.

Design of filter walls and clarifiers - Mixing tanks.

34
Text Book:
1. P.Dayaratnam, (2004), Reinforced Concrete, Oxford Publishing Private Limited.

Reference Books :
1. Krishna Raju, (2004), Prestressed Concrete, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co, 2nd
Edition.
2. N.C.Sinha & S.K.Roy, (2002), “Reinforced Concrete, S.Chand and Co.
3. Ramaswamy.G.S., (1996), Design and Construction of Concrete Shell roofs CBS
Publishers, India.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

35
 CLE537 EXPERIMENTAL STRESS ANALYSIS L T P C
3 0 0 3
Course Prerequisites: N/A

Objectives:
This subject is taught to impart knowledge about the instruments and its applications.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Know the working principle of strain gauges.
2. Do the model analysis using different theorems.
3. Know the concepts of photo elasticity and its applications.
4. Use the various Non-destructive testing methods.

Contents:
• Strain gauges
• Model Analysis
• Photo elasticity
• Non-destructive testing

Strain Gauges - Mechanical and optical strain gauges – Description and operation –
Electrical resistance- Inductance and capacitance gauges – Detailed treatment on
resistant gauges – Measurement of static and dynamic strains – Strain rosettes – Effect of
transverse strains – Use of strain recorders and load cells.

Model Analysis - Structural similitude – Use of models – Structural and dimensional

analysis – Buckingham Pi Theorem – Muller Breslau’s principle for indirect model
analysis – Use of Begg’s and Eney’s deformeters – Moment indicators – Design of
models for direct and indirect analysis.

Two dimensional photo elasticity - Stress optic law – Introduction to polariscope – Plane
and circular polariscope – Compensators and model materials – Material and model
fringe value – Calibration of photo elastic materials – Isochromatic and isoclinic fringes –
Time edge effects.

Three dimensional photo elasticity - Introduction – Stress freezing techniques – Stress

separation techniques – Scattered light photo elasticity – Reflection polariscope.

Miscellaneous Methods - Brittle coating method – Birefringence techniques – Moire

fringe method – Non-destructive testing – Ultrasonic pulse velocity technique – Rebound
hammer method – X-ray method – Gamma-ray method.

36
Text Book:
1. Srinath, L.S., (2004), Experimental Stress Analysis, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Co., New Delhi.

Reference Books:
1. Dally J.W., Riley W.F., Experimental Stress Analysis, McGraw Hill Book Company,
New York.
2. Heteny M; Handbook of Experimental Stress Analysis, John Wiley and Sons, New
York.
3. Frocht M.M.; Photoelasticity Vol. I & II., John Wiley and Sons, New York.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

37
 CLE539 MACHINE FOUNDATIONS L T P C
3 0 0 3

Course Prerequisites: Geotechnical Engineering-I (Soil Mechanics),

Geotechnical Engineering –II (Foundation Engg.)
Objectives:

This subject is taught to impart the knowledge of dynamic behaviour of soils, effects of
dynamic loads and the various design methods.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Understand the basic principles of soil dynamics.
2. Understand the mathematical models and DOF.
3. Understand the concepts of stiffness, damping, inertia, guide lines for design
4. Understand the construction techniques.

Contents:
• Dynamics soil problems
• Types of Machine foundations
• SDOF and MDOF systems
• Vibration modes
• Rigid foundation and flexible foundation
• Design procedures, Impact load and cyclic load
• Isolation techniques

Introduction: Elements of soil dynamics – Basic definitions – Importance of dynamics

analysis – general requirements of machine foundations – types of machine foundation

Elastic properties of soils – Elastic deformation of soils and elastic constants co-efficient
of elastic uniform compression of soils, co-efficient of elastic non-uniform compression
of soil, co-efficient of elastic uniform shear of soil, effect of vibration on the dissipatice
properties of soil, effect of vibration on the porosity and hydraulic properties of soils,
elements of the theory of residual settlements of decrease the residual dynamic settlement
of foundations.
Theory of massive machine foundation – theory of single and multi degree freedom,
system – Evaluation of Design parameters – vertical vibrations of foundations, rocking,
vibration of foundations, vibration of pure shear, vibration of foundations accompanied
by simultaneous rotations

Analysis and Design of foundation - models of vibration of block foundation – method of

analysis for block foundation, design procedure from block foundations – relevant code
for design of foundation, foundations for impact load and cyclic load – design data –
Barker’s Empirical procedures, analog models for dynamic analysis of single pile.
Dynamic bearing capacity, earth pressure, dynamic soil structure interaction.

38
Vibration isolation – active and passive types of isolation – methods of isolation in
machine foundation – properties of isolating materials – guide lanes for design and
construction details of machine foundation

Text Book:
1. Barkan, D.D. (1996), Dynamics of bases and foundations”. Mc Graw Hill company,
New York,

Reference Books:
1. Srinivasulu, P and Vaidyanathan, C.V., (2003), Hand book of machine foundations,
Tata McGraw Hill company, New Delhi
2. Major, A., (2000), Vibration analysis and Design of foundations for machines and
turbines, Akademiai Kaido, Budapest, Collet’s Holdings Limited, London
3. Geotechnical Engg., C Venkataramaiah
4. Kameswara Rao, N.S.K.Dynamics soil tests and applications, wheeler publications,
New Delhi, 2000
5. Prakash S. and Puri.Y.K, Foundations for Machines, McGraw Hill, 1987
6. Das, B.M. Principles of soil dynamics, McGraw Hill, 1974
7. Arya.S. O’ Neil. S., Design of Structures and foundations for Vibrating machines,
Prentice Hall, 1981

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

39
CLE527 MAINTENANCE AND REHABILITATION OF STRUCTURES L T P C
3 0 0 3

Course Prerequisites: Concrete Technology

Objectives:
This subject imparts a broad knowledge in the area of repair and rehabilitation of
structures.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Understand the properties of fresh and hardened concrete.
2. Know the strategies of maintenance and repair.
3. Get an idea of repair techniques.
4. Understand the properties of repair materials.

Contents:
• Properties of concrete
• Repair materials
• Repair techniques
• Repairs to structures

Serviceability and Durability of Structures - Quality Assurance for concrete construction

- Fresh concrete properties – Strength – Permeability - Cracking - Effects due to climate
– Temperature – chemicals - Wear and erosion - Design and construction errors -
Corrosion mechanism - Effects of cover thickness and cracking - Methods of corrosion
protection – Inhibitors - Resistant steels – Coatings - Cathodic protection

Diagnosis and Assessment of Distress - Visual inspection – Non destructive tests –

Ultrasonic pulse velocity method – Rebound hammer technique – ASTM classifications –
Pullout tests – Core test

Materials for Repair - Special concretes and mortar - Concrete chemicals - Special
elements for accelerated strength gain - Expansive cement - Polymer concrete – Ferro
cement, Fibre reinforced concrete - Fibre reinforced plastics.

Techniques for Repair - Rust eliminators and polymers coatings for rebars during repair -
Foamed concrete - Mortar and dry pack - Vacuum concrete - Gunite and shotcrete -
Epoxy injection - Mortar repair for cracks - Shoring and underpinning.

Example of Repairs to Structures - Repairs to overcome low member strength –

Deflection – Cracking - Chemical disruption - Weathering wear - Fire leakage - Marine
exposure.

40
Text Book:
1. Santha Kumar, A.R., (2007), Concrete Technology, Oxford University Press.

Reference Books:
1. Shetty, M.S. (2005), Concrete Technology Theory and Practice, S.Chand and
company, New Delhi.
2. Santha Kumar, A.R., (1996), Concrete Chemical Theory and Applications, Indian
Society for Construction Engineering and Technology, Madras.
3. Garas, F.K,.Clarke, J.L, Armer, GST (1997), Structural assessment, Butterworths,
UK.
4. R.T. Allen and S.C.Edwards, (1998), Repair of Concrete Structures, Blakie and Sons,
UK.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

41
 OFFSHORE STRUCTURES L T P C
3 0 0 3
Objectives:
This subject is taught to impart knowledge about analysis and design of offshore
structures.
Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Understand the effect of wind on structures.
2. Get an idea about modeling and analysis.
3. Design plat forms, Derrick, jacket towers.
Contents:
• Rigid and flexible structures
• Wave generation
• Wave forces
• Types of structures
• Design of platform, helipad etc.
Wind on structures - Rigid structures - Flexible structures - Static and Dynamic effects.

Wave generation and Propagation - Small and finite amplitude wave theories - Wave
energy and pressure distribution.

Wave forces on structures - Environmental loading - Use of Morrison equation.

Different types of structures - Foundation modeling - Static methods of Analysis -

Dynamics of off shore structures.

Loads - Design of platforms – Derricks – Helipads – Design - Principles and examples of

Jacket towers - Mooring cables.
Text Book:
1. Chakrabarti, K (1997), Hydrodynamics of offshore structures, Computational
Mechanics Publications.

Reference Books:
1. Thomass Hdawsan, (1993), Offshore Structural Engineering, Prentice Hall Inc., Engle
wood cliffs, New Jersey.
2. API, (2002), Recommended Practice for Planning, designing and Construction, Fixed
offshore platform, American Petroleum Institute publication, RP2A, Dalls, Texas.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

 CLE511 PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES L T P C
3 0 0 3

Objectives:
This subject is taught to impart the knowledge in the area of prefabricated structures.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Know the types of prefabrication systems.
2. Understand the behaviour of shell structures.
3. Design pre fabricated units.
4. Do the detailing of pre fabricated units.
Contents:
• Introduction
• Handling and erection stresses
• Dimensioning and detailing of joints
• Erection of structures
• Design of pre fabricated units

Types of foundation - Modular co-ordination – Components - Prefabrication systems and

structural schemes - Design considerations - Economy of prefabrication - Prefabrication of
load-carrying members - Disuniting of structures - Structural behaviour of pre cast
structures
Handling and erection stresses - Application of pre stressing of roof members - Floor
systems - Two way load bearing slabs - Wall panels
Dimensioning and detailing of joints for different structural connections - Construction
and expansion joints
Production - Transportation and Erection - Organising of production - Storing and erection
equipment - Shuttering and mould design - Dimensional tolerances, Erection of R.C.
structures, Total prefabricated buildings
Prefabricated units for Industrial structures, Multi-storied buildings and Water tanks etc.,-
Application of pre stressed concrete in prefabrication.

Text Book:
1. Hass, A.M., (1995) Precast concrete Design and Applications, Applied Science
Publishers, England.

Reference Books:
1. Promyslov, V. (1998), Design and Erection of Reinforced concrete structures, MIR
Publishers, Moscow.
2. Levit, M., (2000), Precast concrete materials, Manufacture properties and usage,
Applied Science Publishers, London.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

 CLE512 APPLICATION OF NUMERICAL METHODS IN L T P C
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
2 1 0 3

Course Prerequisites: Numerical methods

Objectives:
This subject is taught to impart knowledge on numerical methods in structures.
Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Solve the linear simultaneous equations.
2. Use the Finite difference method.
3. Calculate bending moment, slope and deflection using Newmark’s method.
4. Evaluate the eigen values and eigen vectors for stability problems.
Contents:

• Simultaneous equations
• Finite difference method
• Numerical methods
• Newmark’s method
• Eigen values and Eigen Vectors.

Finite difference method – Solution of simultaneous equations – Bending moment - Slope

and deflection in beams - Membrane analogy using finite difference method for slabs-
slope and deflection of slabs

Numerical Methods – Numerical integration (Trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule) for

determining shear, moment and deflection in beams– Gauss Quadrature formula.

Newmark’s method – Determination of shear force - Bending moment - Slope and deflection
in beams.

Evaluation of eigen values and eigen vectors for stability problems.

Finite Strip method for analysis of plates.

Text book:
1. N.Krishnaraju & K.U. Muthu, Numerical Methods for Engineering problems,
Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi.
References:

1. S. Rajasekaran, Finite Element Analysis in Engineering Design, Wheeler Publishing

Co., Allahabad.
2. Tirupathi R. Chandrupatla & Ashok D. Belegundu, Introduction to Finite Elements in
Engineering, Pearson Education Pte. Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Grewal, B. S. (2005), Numerical Methods in Engineering & Science, Khanna
Publishers, New Delhi.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

 SOIL STRUCTURE INTERACTION L T P C
3 0 0 3

Objective:
This subject is taught to impart knowledge on soil structure interaction analysis, its
influences in the design paramenters.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Understand the concept of interaction, linear and non-linear behavior of soil.
2. Design beams and slabs using Winkler foundation model.
3. Do the elastic analysis of piles and pile groups.

Contents:
• Introduction
• Mathematical model, Winkler model
• Two parameter model
• Modulus of subgrade , reaction
• Beams and slabs
• Analysis of piles
• Pile displacement

Soil models: single parameter model (Winkler), two parameter models – Filonenko -
Borodich model, Pasternak model, Heteni model, visco elastic model, elastic continuum
model, contact pressure distribution below the flexible and rigid footing and. raft
parameter affecting conduct pressure

Contact pressure and subgrade modulus and beams on elastic foundation method of
analysis of contact pressure distribution – modulus of subgrade reaction – classical
solution for beam of infinite length subjected to concentrate load and moment, beams of
finite length (formulation of basic equation for slabs resting on elastic foundation),
Application of design of combined footing

Plates in elastic medium – soil structure interaction for shallow foundation – interface
behaviour - Thin and thin plates – analysis of finite plates, rectangular and circular plates,
Numerical analysis of finite plates, simple solutions, Baker’s method for rafts

Soil pile interaction : Introduction – elastic analysis of single pile, theoretical solutions for
settlement and load distribution analysis of pile group interaction analysis – Load
distribution with groups with rigid cap – elastic continuum and elasto-plastic analysis of
piles and pile groups (Ultimate lateral resistance of piles by various approaches)

Laterally loaded pile and piled raft: Non-linear load – deflection response P-Y reactions,
non-linear soil properties lift capacity of piles and anchors, Piles raft system – soil
structure interaction in framed structures. FEM modules use of approximately software
packages

Text Book:
1. Desai, C. and Christian, I.T., (2003), Numerical methods in Geo-technical Engineering,
Khanna Publishers.

Reference Books:
1. Scott, R.F. Foundation Analysis.
2. Selvadurai A.P.S., Elastic Analysis – Soil foundation interaction.
3. Hetenyi, M; Beams on elastic foundation.
4. Baker, A.L.L. Raft foundation, The Soil line method of design
5. Nainan P. Kurian, Design of foundation systems (Narosa)
6. Structure –Soil interaction – State of art report, Institute of Structural Engineers, 1978
7. ACl.336 suggested Analysis and design practice, for combined footings and mats.
American Concrete Institute, Delhi - 1988.
8. Poulous, H.G. and Davis, E.H, Pile foundation analysis and design, John Wiley, 1980

Mode of Evaluation: Assignment, Seminar and Written Examination.

 CLE543 STABILITY OF STRUCTURES L T P C
3 0 0 3
Course Prerequisites: Structural analysis

Objectives:
This subject is taught to impart the knowledge in the area of stability of structures.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Understand the behavior of Eccentric column.
2. Analyse the beam columns
3. Analyse the frames stability.
4. Understand the concept of buckling of shells.
Contents:
• Introduction
• Column analysis
• Beam column analysis
• Frames stability
• Plates and shells

Introduction - Static equilibrium – Governing equation for columns – Analysis for various
boundary conditions.
Analysis of Eccentrically loaded column.
Beam Columns – Theory of Beam column – Stability analysis of beam column with
different types of loads – Failure of beam columns.

Analysis and stability of frames.

Plates subjected to inplane forces - Differential equation – Analysis – Approximate
techniques - Analysis for various boundary conditions – Wood and Armour equation for
analysis and design. Buckling of shells – Differential equation – Analysis – Application.

Text Book:
1. Aswini Kumar, (2002), Stability theory of structures, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.
Limited, New Delhi.

Reference Books:
1. Timoshenko & Gere (2000), Theory of Elastic Stability, McGraw Hill.
2. N.G.R. Iyengar (1996), Structural Stability of Columns and Plates, Affiliated East West
Press
3. D.O.Brush & B.O.Almorth (1995), Buckling of Bars, Plates & Shells, McGraw Hill,
Kogakusha Ltd;

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.

 CLE542 STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION L T P C
2 1 0 3
Objective:
This course is intended to teach the importance of Optimization problems in the Structural
Engineering.

Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
1) Understand the concepts of Optimization problems in the Structural Engineering.
2) Know the different methods for the Optimization problems.
3) Understand the concepts of Linear and Non-Linear Programming techniques.
4) Understand the concepts of Stochastic Optimization Methods.
5) Understand the concepts of Genetic Algorithm based Optimization Methods.

Contents:
1) Formulation of Structural Optimization problems.
2) Linear Programming techniques
3) Non-Linear Programming techniques
4) Stochastic Optimization Methods
5) Genetic Algorithm based Optimization Methods

Formulation of Structural Optimization problems: Design variables - Objective function -

constraints. Fully stressed design.
Review of Linear Algebra: Vector spaces, basis and dimension, canonical forms.
Linear Programming: Revised Simplex method, Application to structural Optimization.

Nonlinear Programming: Deterministic Methods_ Unconstrained and constrained

Optimization - Kuhn-Tucker conditions, Direct search and gradient methods - One
dimensional search methods - DFP and BFGS algorithms, constrained Optimization -
Direct and Indirect methods - SLP, SQP and SUMT, Application of NLP methods to
optimal structural design problems. Optimality criteria based methods, Reanalysis
techniques - Approximation concepts - Design sensitivity Optimization of sections, steel
and concrete structures - framed structures, bridge structures.
Stochastic Optimization Methods: Genetic Algorithms - Binary coding- Genetic Operators
- Simple Genetic Algorithm (SGA) and variable length Genetic Algorithm (VGA).
Simulated annealing. Applications to discrete size, Configuration and shape optimization
problems. Case studies of structures like trusses and towers.

Text Book:
1. S.S.Rao, (1996), Engineering Optimization: Theory and Practice, Third Edition,
John Wiley & Sons,Inc.

Reference Books:
1. Smith, D. R., "Variational Methods in Optimization," Dover Publications, 1998.
2. Haftka, R. T. and Gurdal, Z., "Elements of Structural Optimization," Kluwer Academic
Publishers, 1992.
3. Bendsoe, M. P. and Sigmund, O., "Topology Optimization: Theory, Methods, and
Applications," Springer, 2003.
Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.
 THEORY AND DESIGN OF PLATES AND SHELLS L T P C

3 0 0 3
Objectives:
This subject is taught to impart knowledge about the behaviour of plates and shells.
Expected Outcome: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Analyse the plates using Navier’s and Levy’s method.
2. Analyse the circular, rectangular and square plates by finite difference method.
3. Design the curved shells and roofs.
4. Design the various folded plate structures.
Contents:
• Thin plates
• Plate bending
• Design of shells
• Folded plate structures

Laterally loaded thin plates – Differential equation – Boundary conditions. Bending of

plates – Simply supported rectangular plates – Navier’s solution and Levy’s method –
Rectangular plates with various edge conditions.
Symmetrical bending of circular plates – Finite difference method for analysis of square
and rectangular plates.
Types of shells – Structural action – Membrane theory – Limitations – Beam method of
analysis.
Analysis and design of doubly curved shells – Elliptic paraboloid - Conoid and
hyperbolic paraboloid roofs.
Folded plate structures – Structural behaviour – Various types – Design of folded plates -
Reinforced detailing.
Text Book:
1. G.S.Ramaswamy, (1996), Design and construction of concrete shell roofs, CBS
Publishers and distributors.

Reference Books:
1. Timoshenko and Krieger, (20002), Theory of Plates and Shells, McGraw Hill Inc, New
Delhi.
2. Chatterjee, (1996), Theory and Design of Concrete Shells, Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
3. K.Chandrasekara, (1998), Analysis of Thin concrete Shells, Tata McGraw Hill Book
Company.

Mode of Evaluation: Assignments, Seminars and Written Examination.