Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Handover
Notes
from
Meeting
with
UNICEF
Fellow
Jean-
Marc
Lefebure
Basic
DD
design
and
build
process
needs
to
be
addressed
• Waterproofing
• Reduce
keyboard
expense
• Harden
solar
power
data
collection
system
• Create
out-‐of-‐band
management
system
(GPRS,
power
management)
• Display
brightness
concerns
• Lower
overall
power
envelope
• Explore
alternative
battery
chemistries
and
compare
TCO
/
lifespan
/
impact
of
operating
environment
/
availability
Overall
needs
to
be
addressed:
Once
stand-‐alone
sites
have
been
established
in
central
areas,
it
will
be
possible
to
link
nearby
areas
via
high-‐speed
wireless
internet
solutions
as
have
been
demonstrated
by
organizations
such
as
BOSCO
in
the
Acholi
region
(See
Annex
D).
This
will
allow
many
sites
to
share
content
and
create
communications
channels
between
currently
separated
facilities.
Internally
developed
curriculum
and
content
collected
from
connected
sites
will
be
sharable
though
all
connected
facilities
instantaneously.
Communities
can
be
developed
around
common
interests
and
information
about
surrounding
areas
will
be
quickly
available
to
linked
installations.
This
extending
of
the
networks
will
allow
schools,
PTCs
and
Community
Centers
with
their
own
computer
labs
to
freely
access
the
content
and
communities
established
around
the
Digital
Doorway
and
Community
Computing
sites.
The
final
phase
of
this
project
will
be
the
interconnecting
of
the
phase
two
“webs”
and
connecting
the
greater
networks
to
the
Internet
as
a
whole.
This
phase
will
require
a
close
re-‐evaluation
of
the
technology
available
and
the
overall
cost
to
maintain.
It
is
hoped
that
interconnected
sites
would
be
able
to
share
the
cost
burden
of
Internet
access
thus
lowering
the
overall
cost
to
connect
diverse
sites.
Currently
available
technology
for
internet
connectivity
in
rural
Uganda:
3g
/
GPRS
/
cellular
connectivity
–
this
technology
is
available
in
almost
all
parts
of
Uganda.
Cellular
connectivity
is
relatively
inexpensive
but
does
not
have
the
bandwidth
to
support
more
than
1
or
2
users
in
a
live
environment.
Speeds
vary
from
14kbps
to
1300kbps
depending
on
provider,
infrastructure,
transmission
technology
and
environmental
factors.
It
is
possible
to
allow
for
time-‐delayed
synchronizing
of
data
over
a
cellular
connection
and
it
is
being
considered
as
a
management
and
maintenance
channel
for
the
initial
ruggedized
computing
systems.
Cellular
connectivity
tends
to
be
billed
on
a
“total
traffic
per
month
basis”
where
inbound
and
outbound
bandwidth
is
aggregated
and
a
set
limit
is
imposed
on
devices.
As
of
August
2010,
3G
cellular
connectivity
in
Uganda
at
the
rate
of
3GB
transferred
per
month
is
85,000
/=
(UGX)(1)(2),
EDGE/GPRS
64kbps
unlimited
transfer
plans
are
available
from
UTL
for
220,000
/=
(UGX)(3)
and
Zain
for
200,000/=
(UGX)(4).
VSAT
–
this
technology
is
available
at
virtually
any
rural
location.
It
is
more
expensive
than
cellular
connectivity
but
can
provide
much
greater
bandwidth.
Due
to
it’s
high
latency,
VSAT
connectivity
is
not
recommended
for
environments
where
VoIP
or
similar
live
audio
/
video
conferencing
applications
will
be
required.
Low
cost
VSAT
solutions
tend
to
have
a
much
higher
download
bandwidth
than
upload
bandwidth,
this
would
allow
for
relatively
fast
deployment
of
data
and
content
but
a
relatively
slow
path
for
collection
of
data.
Most
low
cost
VSAT
systems
operate
on
a
bandwidth-‐sharing
basis
where
actual
available
bandwidth
will
fluctuate
based
on
total
number
of
users
on
a
provider’s
network
(usually
referred
to
as
a
“shared
contention
ratio”).
VSAT
startup
costs
are
usually
fairly
high
in
comparison
to
other
connectivity
solutions
with
average
equipment
costs
exceeding
$2000.00
(USD).
As
of
August
2010,
VSAT
from
Intersat
Africa
is
available
at
$550
(USD)
/
mo.
For
128kbps
uplink
and
384kbps
downlink(5)
and
$350
(USD)
for
a
64kbps
uplink
256kbps
downlink(6)
both
at
1:16
shared
contention
ratio.
DSL
–
this
technology
is
starting
to
become
more
available
in
rural
locations
but
is
usually
limited
to
relatively
short
distances
from
population
centers
(5-‐10Km
from
telephone
“Central
Offices”).
DSL
can
provide
symmetric
or
asymmetric
bandwidth
and
is
generally
sold
as
an
unlimited
bandwidth
product.
DSL
is
a
fairly
stable
product
but
can
be
affected
by
mains
outages
and
is
vulnerable
to
outages
due
to
failures
in
the
carrier
telephone
cabling
it
travels
on.
DSL
startup
costs
are
fairly
low
but
monthly
costs
can
increase
dramatically
beyond
256kbps.
Most
low-‐cost
DSL
services
use
a
sharing
contention
scheme
similar
to
VSAT,
no
numbers
are
currently
available
detailing
contention.
Current
pricing
for
shared
bandwidth
through
UTL
as
of
August
2010(7)
is:
64kbps
-‐
$100
(USD)/mo.
;
128kbps
-‐
$180
(USD)
/
mo.
;
256kbps
–
$310
(USD)/month.
Pricing
for
dedicated
bandwidth
from
UTL
as
of
June
2010
in
the
Gulu
area
is:
512kbps
symmetric
~
$350-‐$425/mo.;
768kbps
~
$575-‐
$675/mo.
Both
require
~$3200
(USD)
startup
costs
in
equipment
and
installation.
WiMax
–
WiMax
is
a
relatively
new
wireless
technology
that
operates
on
line-‐of-‐site
at
high
speed
and
non-‐line-‐of-‐site
at
lower
speeds.
Pricing
of
WiMax
is
generally
similar
to
DSL
but
front-‐end
equipment
costs
can
be
considerably
higher.
WiMax
is
a
fairly
stable
technology
but
is
susceptible
to
radio
and
environmental
interference.
It
is
expected
that
WiMax
will
likely
supplant
DSL
as
a
more
rural
connectivity
option
due
to
lower
deployment
costs
for
the
provider.
Pricing
for
Wimax
solutions
is
not
currently
available
but
will
be
appended
upon
receipt.
Notes
regarding
connectivity
solutions:
Any
of
these
connectivity
solutions
may
be
extended
via
802.11
wireless
over
100s
of
Kilometers
to
join
more
installations.
The
major
benefit
of
this
option
is
overall
higher
bandwidth
and
lower
expense
for
connected
facilities.
When
sharing
a
single
point
of
connectivity
between
multiple
sites,
it
should
be
expected
that
at
times
there
will
be
contention
for
bandwidth.
QOS,
conservative
firewall
rules
at
gateways,
liberal
gateway
proxy
caching
and
vigilant
network
administration
are
all
methods
that
can
be
used
to
counter
this
effect.
Pricing:
1. http://orange.ug/mobile-plans/internet-everywhere.php
2. http://mtn.co.ug/MTN-Internet/MTN-Mobile-Internet.aspx
3. http://utl.co.ug/utl.php?i=124
4. http://www.ug.zain.com/opco/af/core/home/channel.do;jsessionid=3
9EB09F5FE7D0B242DC16D0A0E38F1DE.node14?channelId=-
10682&selectedChannels=-10556,-10682#&lang=en
5. http://www.intersatafrica.com/index-‐products3.html
6. http://www.intersatafrica.com/index-‐products2.html
7. http://utl.co.ug/utl.php?i=9
Appendix
A
(Youth
Center
Solar
Power
Use
Case)
The
lighting
specified
for
this
use
case
should
be
sufficient
to
provide
illumination
to
read
for
a
single
100
square
meter
space.
It
is
expected
that
the
Digital
Drum
should
operate
continuously
in
this
environment
and
be
reachable
at
all
times
via
network
access
but
only
physically
accessible
during
the
normal
operating
hours
of
the
Youth
Center.
Recommendations
are
based
on
the
following
conditions:
Cellular connectivity
VSAT
802.11
Wireless link
Gateway Site
Youth Center
PTC
Health Center
Community Center
Cellular connectivity
Internet
Gateway Site
VSAT with load balancing
and caching proxy
802.11
Wireless link
Gateway Site
with load balancing
and caching proxy
Youth Center
Health Center
Distributed connectivity allows for load balancing across connections as well as maintaining
a cache of requests to accelerate browsing at all egress points
Update Server
Youth Center
School
802.11
Wireless link
802.11
Wireless link
PTC
802.11
Wireless link
Health Center
Community Center
Youth Center
School
802.11
Wireless link
802.11
Wireless link
PTC
Health Center
802.11
Wireless link
Community Center
Internet
Cellular Modem
VSAT
802.11
Wireless link
802.11
Wireless link
802.11
Wireless link
PTC
802.11
Wireless link
Health Center
Community Center
Note: This timeline is dependant on all materials and equipment being available
at the start of production cycle (week2 and week 16). Any delays in
procurement or delivery of components will cause a similar delay in production.
General configuration of second revision Digital Drum prototype
Electrical and network system block diagram
12V DC Power
Local wireless
2.4Ghz 802.11b/g
2 USB connectors
for handset charging
Power control and sensor schematic for Digital Drum
+12V
1K VR 8.2K
Hall Effect v+
- LM324 Arduino analog in
Sensor
+
v- Arduino GND
100K Pot
Sensor Schematic for battery voltage monitoring and load current monitoring
Voltage
spike
protection
Load
Driver
circuit
Arduino ground
Grayhill 70-ODC5
Rugged community computer (as we are focusing on the components, I will not
estimate the cost of the shell of this unit)
2 pcs OIT LITE vandal-resistant keyboards with P.O.M. keys & integrated touchpad (1)
2 pcs WinMate R15I93S-OFA2 Panel PC - (2)
1 pc GSM/GPRS/HSDPA cellular modem (usb with external antenna) Such as ZadaCOM
3G+ 7.2 (3)
1 pcs B&B Electronics EIR205 5 port ethernet switch (4) or Garrettcom S14H-12VDC
Ethernet switch (5)
1 pc Arduino Duemilanove microcontroller (6)
1 pc Arduino Ethernet shield (7)
2 pcs Bulgin PX0839/IDC IP68 Ethernet connectors (8)
2 pcs Bulgin PX0845/A IP68 USB connectors (9)
4 pcs Bulgin PX0713 Caps for IP68 connectors (10)
Wireless equipment
Solar system
Misc components
(1) http://www.oitkeypad.com/pdf/QVPPlastickeyfront.pdf
(2) http://www.winmate.com.tw/PanelPc/
PPcSpec.asp?Prod=03_0581&Typeid=B0108010901&Typeid=B0108010901
(3) http://shop.zadako.com/hsdpa_3g_modemy/usb/zadacom_3g_plus_7.2.html
(4) http://www.bb-elec.com/
product_multi_family.asp?MultiFamilyId=68&TrailType=Sub&Trail=4
(5) http://www.garrettcom.com/s14.htm
(6) http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardDuemilanove
(7) http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/product_info.php?products_id=9026
(8) http://www.bulgin.co.uk/Products/Buccaneer/Buccaneer_Ethernet.html
(9) http://www.bulgin.co.uk/Products/Buccaneer/Buccaneer_USB.html
(10) http://www.bulgin.co.uk/Products/Buccaneer/Buccaneer.html
(11) http://ubnt.com/bullet
(12) http://lairdtech.thomasnet.com/item/ice-provider-wisp-base-station-and-client-
antennas/omnidirectional-antennas/od24-9?&seo=110
(13) http://ubnt.com/bulletm
(14) http://www.mtiwe.com/uploads/product/485.pdf
(15) http://www.phocos.com/datasheet_sm_cx.html
(16) http://www.bp.com/
sectiongenericarticle.do?categoryId=9019638&contentId=7036951
(17) http://www.eastpenn-deka.com/default.aspx?pageid=443
(18) http://mouser.com/ProductDetail/STMicroelectronics/1N5821/
?qs=sGAEpiMZZMutXGli8Ay4kOnWbBYZueaHA8JfCq5pWm4%3d
(19) locally sourced
(20) locally sourced
(21) http://www.bb-elec.com/bb-elec/literature/NB1-63_CircuitBreakers.pdf
(22) need to speak to J-M about exact part numbers for this
(23) http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/product_info.php?products_id=9282
(24) http://www.bb-elec.com/bb-elec/literature/ers35.pdf
(25) http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail&name=GH7019-ND
Costs:
1. $200/ea - $400
2. $1,150/ea - $2,300 (includes $800/ea base price and $350/ea shipping to
Uganda)
3. $215
4. $89
5. $100
6. $45
7. $50
8. $20/ea - $40
9. $10/ea - $20
10. $6/ea - $24
11. $80
12. $60
13. $80
14. $80
15. $100
16. $650/ea - $1950
17. $100/ea - $400
18. $0.50/ea - $2
19. $
20. $
21. $15
22. $
23. $15
24. $10
25. $10/ea - $40
Other Potential Keyboard vendors:
Key Tek K-TEK-B420TP http://www.key-tek.cn/en/productsview.asp?id=174
iKey PMU-5K-TP2 http://www.ikey.com/ProductsList/
index.aspx?productID=45&menu=1&prodListID=2&