FM 200

HYGOOD CONTENTS
SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN
About this Manual ....................................... 5 System Design .............................................. 23

Definitions .................................................... 5 Hazard Analysis .................................... 23
Contacts ....................................................... 5 Hazard Structure......................................... 24
Introduction .................................................. 5 Hazard Volume ....................................... 24
Approvals and Standards ............................. 5 Ventilation .............................................. 25
Health and Safety ......................................... 6 Hazard Temperature ............................... 25
First Aid ........................................................ 7 Hazard Fuels .......................................... 25
FM-200® Agent characteristics ..................... 7 Personnel Safety .................................... 25
Agent Physical Properties ..................... 8 Agent Quantities ................................... 25
Table 1: FM-200® .............................................................. 8 Agent Storage ....................................... 25
Table 2: Nitrogen ................................... 8 Manifolds .............................................. 26
Table 3: Toxicology/Environmental ....... 8 Agent Distribution ................................ 26
Agent Flow Characteristics .......................... 27

Nitrogen Superpressurisation ................ 27
SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS Flow in Pipe ........................................... 27
Initial Vapour Discharge ........................ 27
System Components ..................................... 9 Trailing Vapour Pressure ....................... 27
FM-200® Container ................................ 9
Table 4: Container Details ...................... 9 Nozzle selection and location ....................... 27
Container Label........................................... 10 Example: Max Limits in pipe Work ......... 28
Fixing Bracket ........................................ 11 Example: Nozzle Selection ...................... 29
Valve Assembly ..................................... 11
Principle of Operation ............................ 11 System Design Procedure ............................. 29
Burst Disc.................................................... 12 Example: Tee Split Designs .................... 30
Low Pressure Switch ............................. 12 Design Example - Calculations ...................... 31
Manual Actuator ................................... 13 Example .................................................. 31
Pneumatic Actuator ............................... 13
Removable Electrical Actuator .............. 13 Piping Practices ............................................ 33
Side Mounted Electrical Actuator............ 14
Flexible Discharge Hose ........................ 14
Solenoid Adaptor .................................. 15 SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS
Manifold Check Valve ............................ 15
Manifold ................................................ 16
Table 5: Manifold Dimensions ............... 16 Introduction .................................................. 34
Manifold Bracket Assembly .................. 17 Table 6: Weight Calculations Imperial .... 34
Flexible Pilot Hose ................................. 18 Table 6a: Weight Calculations Metric .... 35
Male Adaptor ........................................ 18 Table 7: Altitude Correction...................... 35
Male Tee ................................................ 19 FM-200® Equation Calculations .................... 35
Male Elbow ............................................ 19 Engineered Systems ..................................... 36
Pressure Switch ..................................... 19 Program Parameters ............................... 36
Discharge Nozzle ................................... 20 Table 8: Max/Min Flow Rates ................ 36
Door Notice ........................................... 21 Table 9: Equivalent Length
Manual Release Notice.............................. 21 for Pipe Fittings ..................................... 37
Typical Manifold System ....................... 22 Table 10: Equivalent Length for other
Components .......................................... 37
FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0

CONTENTS
HYGOOD
SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION
General Information ...................................... 38 General Comments ........................................ 56

Container Installation ................................... 38 System Detection & Actuation ..................... 56
Single Container Installation ......................... 39 General ................................................... 56
Table 11: Bracket Fixing Heights ............ 39 Manual System ...................................... 56
Multiple Container Installation ..................... 40 Fully Automatic System ........................ 56
Manifold Bracket Installation ................ 40 Fully Automatic System with Manual Inter-
Table 12: Manifold Bracket Height ........ 41 vention .................................................. 57
Pipe Installation ............................................ 42 Conditions During a Fire ............................... 57
Table 13: UK Steel Pipe Requirements ... 42 FM-200®Concentration .......................... 57
Table 14: UK Fittings ............................. 42 FM-200® Decomposition ....................... 57
Table 15: US Steel Pipe Requirements .... 43 FM-200® Discharge Conditions ............. 57
Table 16: US Fittings .............................. 43 Actions Following a Fire ............................... 58
Pipe Hangers ......................................... 43 General ................................................... 58
Table 17: Hanger Spacing ...................... 43 Actions Immediately Following a Fire ... 58
Earthing & Electrical Clearance........................ 44
Table 18: Safety Clearances ................... 44
Nozzles .......................................................... 44 SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
Actuation Installation ................................... 45
Single Container Actuation ................... 45 Introduction .................................................. 59
Multiple Container Actuation ................ 47 User's Programme of Inspection ................... 59
Ancillary Equipment ..................................... 49 Contract Service & Maintenance .................. 60
Discharge Pressure Switch .................... 49 Mechanical Service Procedure ...................... 61
Low Pressure Switch ............................. 50 Specialised Maintenance Duties. .................. 62
Accessories .................................................. 50 Finally .................................................... 62
Door Notices ......................................... 50
Manual Release Notices ........................ 50
Completion Procedures ................................. 50
SECTION 9 - RECHARGING
Pre-checks and Visual Inspections ........ 50
Final Connections .................................. 51
Valve Refurb ................................................. 63
Handover Procedures ................................... 52
Testing .......................................................... 63
Container/Valve Assy ................................... 64
Filling ............................................................ 64
SECTION 6 - INTEGRITY TESTING
Table 19: Fill Tolerance Table ................. 66
Table 20: Temperature Correction Chart . 66
Introduction .................................................. 53 Container/Valve Assy Leak Test ................... 67
Principle ........................................................ 53 Decanting ..................................................... 67
Equivalent Leakage Area (ELA) ................... 53
Transportation .............................................. 68
Below Ceiling Leakage Area (BCLA) ............ 53
Predicting Retention Time ............................ 53
Slab to Slab Walls .................................. 53
Coordination and Planning ........................... 53
Integrity Test Procedure ........................ 54
Enclosure Evaluation ............................. 54
Calculation .................................................... 55
Leakage Location .......................................... 55

HYGOOD CONTENTS
SECTION 10 - WARRANTY,
DISCLAIMERS & LIMITATIONS
Warranty ....................................................... 69
Disclaimers & Limitations ............................. 69
SECTION 11 - APPENDICES
Appendix A - Site Survey / Request Form .... 71

Appendix B - Temperature Correction Chart . 73
Appendix C - Hughes Program printout ....... 74
Appendix D - FM-200® Material Safety
Data Sheet (MSDS).................84

SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION HYGOOD
About this Manual Introduction
This manual is a comprehensive guide that contains all FM-200® is a clean, safe fire fighting agent for use in
the information necessary to design, install and main- total flooding automatic extinguishing systems. It is in-
tain the FM-200® Engineered Extinguishing system sup- tended as a long term replacement for Halon 1301 and,
plied by Macron Safety Systems Limited. However the whilst maintaining the excellent fire suppression prop-
manual does not address information relating to fire de- erties of Halon, has none of the environmental prob-
tection. Please refer to the BFPSA Code of Practice for lems. Storage and distribution requirements are similar
Gaseous Fire Fighting Systems. to Halon and the majority of system components are
identical. However, FM-200® is not a direct replacement
Users of this manual are assumed to be competent
for existing Halon 1301 installations due to the differ-
fire engineers with a basic knowledge of such systems.
ence in agent quantity and discharge characteristics.
The contents are arranged in a logical order describing
The FM-200® design concentration for Class A fire risks
the various procedures in turn, alternatively specific sec-
is 7.17%, and therefore requires approximately 45% ad-
tions can be referred to as required. Users who are not
ditional storage capacity over that required for Halon in
familiar with the equipment should first read the com-
the same area.
plete manual.
The manufacturers claim that FM-200® is safer than
Halon 1301 for use in total flooding applications and the
US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) accepts ex-
Definitions tended use exposures of up to 9%. This has been fur-
ther confirmed by a recently published HAG report. FM-
FM-200® FM-200® is a registered trade mark 200® is rated as Zero Ozone Depletion (ODP), is electri-
of the Great Lakes Chemical Corpo- cally non-conductive, clean, and leaves no residue. Re-
ration. fer to NFPA 2001, 2000 edition "Clean Agent Fire Extin-
guishing Systems," Section 1-6 "Safety," for additional
System In this manual ‘system’ refers to the exposure requirements.
extinguishing equipment and does The systems described in this manual are 'engi-
not include any electrical system neered'. Engineered systems for example can consist of
which may initiate an agent release. several FM-200® containers, manifolded together and
connected via a pipe network to a number of discharge
Engineered Hydraulic flow program used to nozzles.
predict the two phase flow of
FM-200® through a pipe network. Systems may be activated mechanically or electri-
cally. Mechanical manual actuation is via a strike knob
attached to the container valve. Electrical actuation is
Contacts via a removable side mounted solenoid. The solenoid
can be energised automatically by a signal from a de-
Should any part of this manual not be understood, or tection and alarm control panel.
there are any queries concerning a system, please con-
tact: Users of this manual should find that sufficient in-
formation is provided to plan, design, purchase compo-
Macron Safety Systems (UK) Limited nents, install, operate and maintain the system. How-
Woodlands Place ever, in the event that part of the document is not under-
Woodlands Road stood, or if there is any concern as to the suitability of
Guildford the protection, do not hesitate to contact one of our
Surrey specialist engineers for the matter to be quickly resolved.
GU1 1RN
England
Approvals and Standards
Tel. (+44) (0)1483 572222
Fax. (+44) (0)1483 302180 Macron's manufactured equipment and the FM-200®
agent, manufactured by Great Lakes Chemical Corpora-
tion, have acquired comprehensive approvals and list-
ings providing further support to the overall product.
FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0: 5

HYGOOD SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION
FM-200® Agent served e.g. BS5306: Part 5: Section 5.1 and the BFPSA
Code of Practice for Gaseous Fire Fighting Systems.
u Factory Mutual (Approved)
Reference should also be made to NFPA 2001 and
u Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) Recognised BFPSA Volume 3 section 19 A review of the toxic and
Component asphyxiating hazards of clean agents replacements for
u NFPA 2001 Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Sys- Halon 1301.
tems (Listed Alternative) FM-200®, like halon, extinguishes by causing a chemi-
u US EPA SNAP Rpt. (Unrestricted Listed Alterna- cal reaction with the combustion products, and does
tive) not remove oxygen like CO2 and other inert agents.
u Australian Industrial Chemicals Notification (Ap- Therefore, exposure to FM-200® at the design con-
proved) centration of 7.17%, and up to 9.0%, is not hazardous to
health. Exposure to higher concentrations is permissible
u German Institute for Environmental Hygiene and for limited periods. Refer to NFPA 2001, 2000 edition
Medicine (Approved) Section 1-6 "Safety," for exposure requirements. As with
halons, the US EPA and the National Fire Protection
Macron Safety Systems Manufactured Association (NFPA) recommend that unnecessary ex-
posure to any agent be avoided and that personnel
Systems evacuate protected areas as quickly as possible to avoid
u Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL Listed) the decomposition products of the fire.
u Loss Prevention Council Board (Listed) FM-200® can decompose at high temperatures to form
halogen acids. If so, their presence is readily detected as
u Factory Mutual (Listed) a sharp, pungent odour long before hazardous maximum
Macron Safety Systems manufacture in strict accord- exposure levels are reached. Fire toxicity studies con-
ance with the internationally recognised Quality assur- clude that generally decomposition products from the
ance Standard, BS EN ISO 9000 and approved to ISO fire itself, especially carbon monoxide, smoke, heat, and
9001. oxygen depletion, create a greater hazard.
Macron Safety Systems FM-200® Extinguishing System The noise created by the FM-200® agent discharg-
Units are to be designed, installed, inspected, main- ing can be loud enough to startle people in the vicinity,
tained, tested and recharged by qualified, trained per- but is unlikely to cause any permanent injury. Turbu-
sonnel in accordance with The Standard on Clean Agent lence caused by the high velocity discharge can dis-
Fire Extinguishing Systems, NFPA2001, 2000 edition and lodge substantial objects directly in its path, and cause
to be used in accordance with Environmental Protection enough general turbulence within the protected area to
Agency (EPA) Significant New Alternatives Program move paper and light objects.
(SNAP). Where determined to be appropriate by the Direct contact with the vaporising liquid discharged
authority having jurisdiction, applicable BS Standards from an FM-200® nozzle has a chilling effect on objects
may additionally be utilized to specific system require- and in extreme cases can cause frostbite to the skin. The
ments for these purposes. liquid phase vaporises rapidly when mixed with air and
therefore limits the risk to the immediate vicinity of the
nozzle. Minor reduction in visibility may occur for a brief
Health and Safety period due to the condensation of water vapour.
A properly designed and installed extinguishing system WARNING

should not present any significant health or safety prob-
lems, however, there are basic precautions to be taken to The discharge of clean agent systems to extinguish
a fire can result in a potential hazard to personnel
avoid accidents, and aspects of the system operation
from the natural form of the clean agent or from the
that should be understood. End-users often require re- products of combustion that results from exposure
assurance regarding the safety of personnel, and this of the agent to the fire or hot surfaces. Unnecessary
can only be given if a thorough understanding of the exposure of personnel either to the natural agent or
properties of the agent and its effects in different situa- to the products of decomposition shall be avoided.
tions are known. Current best practice should be ob-
6 FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0:
SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION HYGOOD
HMIS: 2-0-0/heptafloropropane/contents under The present understanding of the functioning of FM-

pressure. 0-0-0/nitrogen expellant gas/very cold, con- 200® is that 80% of its fire fighting effectiveness is
tents under pressure. Consult Great Lakes Chemicals achieved through heat absorption and 20% through di-
Co., P.O. Box 2200, West LaFayette, IN 47996-2200. rect chemical means (action of the fluorine radical on the
Emergency phone number 800-949-5167. chain reaction of a flame). Complete suppression using
FM-200® has the following advantages:
First Aid
Skin Maintain at body temperature, thaw
affected area with gentle heat. If frost- l The low concentration of FM-200® required means
bite occurs seek medical attention. Do less visual obscurity and minimal risk to personnel.
not rub affected area.
l The small quantity of agent discharged minimises
Eyes Apply gentle heat, Do not allow patient over-pressurisation of the protected area.
to touch affected area.
l Maximum safety for personnel due to low toxicity.
FM-200® Agent Characteristics l Most effective when used with automatic detection
to introduce FM-200® rapidly.
FM-200® (HFC-227ea) is a clean, gaseous agent con-
taining no particles or oily residues. It is produced un- l The ability to prevent re-ignition as long as con-
der ISO 9002 guidelines to strict manufacturing specifi- centration levels are maintained.
cations ensuring product purity. FM-200® leaves no resi-
due or oily deposits on delicate electronic equipment,
and can be removed from the protected space by venti- FM-200® is stored as a liquified compressed gas and is
lation. discharged into the protected area as a vapour. It is stored
in approved DOT(HSE)4BW500 or DOT(HSE)4BW450
FM-200® is thermally and chemically stable, but with- containers and is super-pressurised with dry nitrogen
out the extremely long atmospheric lifetimes associated to 25 Bar @ 210 C (360 PSI @ 70 0F).
with other proposed halon replacements. The atmos-
pheric lifetime of FM-200® has been determined to be
36.5 years (Reference GLCC). The US EPA SNAP does not
consider FM-200® to be a long lived substance when
discharged, and as such has placed no restrictions on
its use. (Environmental Protection Agency's Significant WARNING
New Alternatives Program).
Typical areas that can be protected by an FM-200®
FM-200® shall not be used on fires involving the follow-
system are detailed below; the list is by no means ex-
ing materials unless they have been tested to the satis-
haustive:
faction of the authority having jurisdiction:
• Certain chemicals or mixtures of chemicals, such as

Bank Vaults
cellulose nitrate and gunpowder, that are capable of rapid
Libraries
Rare Book Stores oxidation in the absence of air.
Electronic Data Processing
Telephone Exchanges
• Reactive metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium,
Studios magnesium, titanium, zirconium, uranium and plutonium.
Communication Centres
Transformer and Switchrooms • Metal hydrides.
Control Rooms
Test Laboratories • Chemicals capable of undergoing autothermal decom-
Flammable Liquid Stores position, such as certain organic peroxidase and
hydrazine.

HYGOOD SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION
Agent Physical Properties
Table 1.
Agent Physical Properties HFC-227ea
Chemical structure CF3CHFCF3

Chemical name Heptafluoropropane
Molecular weight 170.03
Boiling point -16.40C (1.9oF)
Freezing point -131.10C (-204 oF)
Critical temperature 101.70C (214 oF)
Critical pressure 2912 kPa (422 psi)
Critical volume 274 cc/mole
(.0258cu Ft./lb.)
Critical density 621 kg/m3 (38.76 lb./Ft3)
Saturated vapour density 31.18 kg/m3 (1.95 lb./ft3)
@ 20 oC (68 oF)
(Reference: NFPA 2001, 2000 edition)
Table 2.
Agent Physical
Properties
Chemical structure N2
Chemical name Nitrogen
Molecular weight 28.0
Boiling point -195.80C (-320.4oF)
Freezing point -210.00C (-346 oF)
Critical temperature -146.90C (-232.4 oF)
Critical pressure 3399 kPa (492.9 psi)
Table 3: Toxicology/Environmental
FM-200®
Environmental
Ozone Depletion (ODP) 0

Atmospheric Lifetime (yrs) 36.5
(Reference: Great Lakes Chemical Corporation)
Toxicology
Acute Exposure LC50 (ppm) >800,000

Cardiac Sensitization
No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) 9.0%
Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) >10.5%

SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS HYGOOD
System Components FM-200® Container

This section describes the individual components that The agent storage vessel consists of a container fitted
comprise a complete system. Some items are optional with a valve and internal syphon tube, factory filled with
depending on the application, and are indicated as such. FM-200®, and super-pressurised with dry nitrogen to 25
bar @ 210C(360 psi @ 700F). Containers sharing the same
Figure 1 - FM-200® Container manifold shall be equal in size and fill density. Contain-
ers are finished in Alkyd Gloss Enamel Federal red and
are available in various sizes ( Figure 1). A nameplate is
Technical Information adhered to the container displaying the agent weight,
tare weight, gross weight, fill density and charge date.
Manufactured in accordance with DOT(HSE)4BW500
or 4BW450.
Material
Carbon % 0.220% max
Manganese % 1.250% max
Phosphorus % 0.045% max
Sulphur % 0.050% max
4BW500
Hydraulic test pressure: 68.95 bar (1000 psi)
Working Pressure: 34.47 bar (500 psi)
4BW450
Hydraulic test pressure: 62.1 bar (900 psi)
Working Pressure: 31.0 bar (450 psi)
Paint Specification: Alkyd Gloss Enamel

P-20187 Federal Red
Figure 1 - FM-200® Container

Table 4: Container details.
Dimension A
Part Nom. Volume Outlet Size (nominal) Diameter Empty Weight
No. Kg (Lbs.) mm (In) mm (In) mm (In) kg (Ibs)
9180 (8 litre) 4.5 to 8.0 (10 to 18) 25 (1") 304 (12.") 254 (10") 14.8 (32.6")
9190 (16 litre) 9.0 to 17.5 (20 to 39) 25 (1") 502 (19.8") 254 (10") 18.4 (40.6")
9200 (32 litre) 17.0 to 33.5 (38 to 74) 25 (1") 833 (32.8") 254 (10") 26.1 (57.5")
9210 (52 litre) 27.0 to 53.0 (59 to 117) 50 (2") 596 (23.5") 406 (16") 49.1 (108.3")
9220 (106 litre) 53.5 to 106.5 (118 to 235) 50 (2") 1021 (40.2") 406 (16") 71.8 (158.3")
9230 (147 litre) 74.0 to 147.5 (163 to 325) 50 (2") 1354 (53.3") 406 (16") 89.9 (198.2")
9240 (180 litre) 91.5 to 182.0 (201 to 401) 50 (2") 1634 (64.3") 406 (16") 105.8 (233.2")

HYGOOD SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Container Label
The container label details the weight of FM-200® con- Technical Information
tained, empty weight, fill density and charge date. Once
the label is applied to the container surface, and to avoid Material: Aluminum
possible tampering it can not be removed intact.
Adhesive: Pre-applied 3M adhesive 9485
Figure 2 - Container Label Dimensions: 150mm x 210mm (Pt.No.4294)

(5.9") (8.3")
350mm x 50mm (Pt.No.4284)
(13.8") (1.9")
Macron Safety Systems (UK) Ltd

Guildford, Surrey GU1 1RN
Tel: +44 (0) 1483 57 2222
Fax: +44 (0) 1483 302 180

Fixing Brackets Figure 4 - Valve Assembly
The bracket assembly consists of a nut and bolt, two

bracket straps and one back channel. To securely hold
the container in position during the system discharge,
two bracket assemblies are required per container. The
only exception is the 8 litre container which only re-
quires one.
Each strap is notched for insertion into the back channel
allowing the container to be properly aligned. The bracket
assembly is designed to be mounted to a rigid vertical
surface with the container assembly resting fully on the
floor.
Figure 3 - Fixing Bracket
25mm (1") valve assembly Part No. 6410

50mm (2") valve assembly Part No. 6430
Technical Information
Material: Brass CZ 121

Body Proof Pressure: 150 bar (2175 psi)
Outlet Adaptor: 1" BSP, 2"BSP
Low Pressure Port: 1/8" NPT
Part No. Cont.size Dim.A Gauge Port: 1/8" NPT
mm (in) Pilot Pressure Port: 1/4" BSPP
Solenoid Adaptor Port: 1/8" NPT
9011 8-32 Ltr 400 (15.75")
254mm dia. (10 in)
Principle of Operation
9012 52-180 600 (23.6")
406mm dia. (16 in) The Macron Safety Systems FM-200® valve is a high-
flow-rate device specially designed for fire protection
Valve Assembly use. Operation is by means of a pressure-differential pis-
ton. Container pressure is used within the valve to cre-
The Macron Safety Systems designed and manufac- ate a positive force on the piston, sealing the valve
tured container valve is the result of extensive research closed. Operation of the valve occurs when the upper
and development and incorporates many unique safety chamber is vented faster than the 'make up device' in the
features. The valve assembly is factory-fitted to the shuttle can replace the pressure. Thereby allowing, the
container and is supplied pre-assembled with a low pres- shuttle to be forced up, and free flow of FM-200® from
sure switch, pressure gauge and burst disc. the valve. Upper chamber pressure is released by the
electrical, mechanical or pneumatic actuator.

The valve incorporates the following features:

Low Pressure Switch
• A pressure operated safety release device (burst
disc). A low pressure warning switch is fitted to every con-
• Main outlet, fitted with safety shipping cap. tainer and must be utilised to safeguard the warranty
• A connection for a pneumatic or mechanical requirements. The device continuously monitors the
actuator, fitted with safety cap. container pressure and in the event of the pressure drop-
• A connection for an electrical solenoid. ping below 20 bar (290 psi) the switch operates to enable
• A connection for the pneumatic pilot signal the condition to be signalled to a control unit.
output used for multiple container operation.
Figure 6 - Low Pressure Switch (Part No. 94181)
Burst Disc
A burst disc is factory fitted to every valve assembly. It
is designed to rupture when the container becomes over
pressurised when subjected to temperatures above the
designed storage temperature of the container.
Figure 5 - Burst Disc
Technical Information Technical Information PS20
Body: Brass CZ 121 Body: Hermetically sealed

Rating: 50 bar (725 psi) @ 50oC Stainless Steel
(120oF) Switch point: Open at 20 bar +/-0.7 bar
Thread 25mm Valve(1") : M14 x 1.25 (Pt.No. 94080) (290 psi (+/- 10psi)
Thread 50mm Valve(2") : M18 x 1.00 (Pt.No. 94085) Switch Type: Close on rise at 24 bar
Hole Orientation: 90o to Body +/-0.7 bar (350 psi (+/- 10psi)
Torque: 18 Nm (13.3Ibs.ft) Proof pressure: 345 bar (5003 psi)
(M14 Thread) Connection: Brass 1/8" NPT
Torque: 20 Nm (14.8Ibs.ft) Max. Current: Max 2.9A
(M18 Thread) Voltage Range: 5-28 vdc
Wire leads 1.82m (6Ft)

Manual Actuator
The manual actuator is a simple ‘strike knob’ assembly
which is fitted to the top of the valve assembly or sole- Body: Brass CZ121
noid actuator. Inadvertent operation is prevented by a Actuation Pin: Stainless Steel
pin which has to be removed before activation. Pipe connection: 1/4" BSPP Female
Min. Actuation Pressure: 2 bar (29 psi)
Figure 7 - Manual Actuator (Part No. 2880)
Removable Electrical Actuator

The removable electrical actuator is also similar to the
manual actuator and locates to the top of the container
valve. 24v dc is required for solenoid operation. Provi-
sion is made for the connection of a manual strike Knob
to the top of the actuator assembly.
Figure 9 - Electrical Actuator (Part No. 9490)
Body: Brass CZ 121

Knob: Nylon
Safety Pin: Zinc Plated Mild Steel
Actuation Pin: Stainless Steel
Min Actuation Force: 25.5N (5.73 Ibf)
Pneumatic Actuator
The pneumatic actuator is an assembly similar to the Technical Information
manual actuator but without the strike knob. Pressure
from a ‘master’ container or other sources is used to Body: Mild Steel & Dull Nickel
actuate the valve, via small bore piping or, preferably, a Swivel nut: Brass CZ121
flexible hose. Actuation Pin: Stainless Steel
Actuation Type: Latching
Rest Requirement: Manual Force Required
Figure 8 - Pneumatic Actuator (Part No. 2900) Connection: 1" BSPP
Power requirement: 24vdc
Current: 0.2A
Manual Actuation Force: 5 kgf (11. Ib.f)
Electrical connection: 3-pin plug connector
Diode Type: Suppression
Temperature Range: -20oC to +55oC
(-4oF to131oF)
Life Span: 10 years from manufacture
Testing: 100% Check on start /
Finish position
Approval: Underwriters Laboratories
Recognised to UL508
Tested in accordance with
UL864

Side Mounted Electrical Actuator Flexible Discharge Hose

This solenoid actuator differs from other actuators in Multiple FM-200® container installations are connected
that it is side mounted. It can be located directly on the to the system by means of a flexible discharge hose.
side of the valve or via a solenoid adaptor. The adaptor This enables containers to be disconnected for mainte-
enables the actuator to be removed safely without ac- nance or recharge without dismantling other container
tuation of the container valve. It is designed to be used mountings, manifold connections and pipework, etc.
in explosive atmospheres (Class I , groups C and D, Class
II, groups E, F & G). It is operated by a 24v dc input The flexible discharge hose is connected to each mani-
signal. fold valve outlet. A swivel fitting at the inlet of the hose
enables the container to be readily coupled to the distri-
bution system. The 32mm (1 1/4") discharge hose (Part
Figure 10 - Electrical Actuator (Part No 95550) No.4120) requires the addition of a brass adapter (Part
No. 6412) between the valve outlet and the swivel fitting
at the inlet of the hose.
Figure 11 - 32mm (1 1/4") Hose & Brass Adapter
Assy (Part No. 4125)
- 50mm (2") Hose (Part No 6540)
Solenoid Enclosure: Stainless Steel

Power Requirement: 24v dc
Power Consumption: 9.5 watts Technical Information
Conduit Thread: 1/2" NPT
Pressure Connection: 1/8" NPT Female
Pressure Range: 0 - 103 bar (1500 psi) Construction: Twin steel wire braided
Certification: UL Oil resistant
Max. Ambient Temp: 105oC (221oF) Seamless synthetic rubber
Solenoid Orientation: 0-30o Off Vertical core to DIN 20022.
Connection: Zinc Passivated Mild Steel
Max Bend Angle: 15o @ 0oC (32oF)

Solenoid Adaptor Manifold Check Valve

The adaptor enables the actuator to be removed safely Manifold check valves are of mushroom pattern type
without actuation of the container valve. To remove the and lift into the manifold as discharge occurs. The func-
solenoid the adapter body should be unscrewed in the tion of the check valve is to prevent loss of extinguish-
anticlockwise direction. This action will close the ing agent during discharge from an outlet, should a con-
schrader valve and then allow the pressure between the tainer have been removed. All check valves are supplied
schrader and solenoid actuator to be released safely ready fitted to the manifold assembly.
through the threads of the adaptor body.
Figure 12 - Solenoid Adaptor (Part No 5550) Figure 13 - Manifold Check Valve
32mm (1.25") Check Valve Assy. Part No. 4090

50mm (2") Check Valve Assy. Part No. 6550
Technical Information Technical Information
Body: Brass CZ121 Body: Brass CZ122

Circlip: Stainless Steel Stem: Stainless Steel
Max Working Pressure: 75 bar (1088 psi) Spring: Stainless Steel
Proof Pressure: 150 bar (2175 psi)
Solenoid Connection: 1/8" NPT

Manifold
Manifolds are fabricated sections of steel pipe-work. They enable multiple containers to be connected to a common
pipe network. They can be used in conjunction with check valves in situations where main / reserve containers
arrangements are required.
Figure 14 - Typical Manifold Assembly
Material: BS 3601 Schedule 80

Inlet: Check valve flange connection
Outlet: BSP Taper
Test Press. 90 bar (1305 psi)
Finish: Primed, Ready to paint on site.
Note: Assembly includes 32 / 50mm check valves

and end cap.
Table 5: Manifolds.
Part Size Dim. A Dim. B Pa rt Size Dim . A Dim . B
No. mm mm mm No. (m m ) (m m ) (m m )
9335 2 port 65 (2.5") 150 (6") 350 (14") 9357 5 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9336 3 port 65 (2.5") 150 (6") 350 (14") 9358 6 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9337 4 port 65 (2.5") 150 (6") 350 (14") 9312 3 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9352 2 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9313 4 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9353 3 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9314 5 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9345 4 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9315 6 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9346 5 port 80 (3") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9316 7 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9355 2 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9317 8 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9356 3 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9318 9 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")
9354 4 port 100 (4") 150 (6") 508 (20") 9319 10 port 150 (6") 150 (6") 508 (20")

Manifold Bracket Assembly

A manifold bracket assembly consists of two lengths of unirax, mounted vertically on a wall or bulk head to enable
height adjustment of the manifold assembly. Cantilever brackets are located over the unirax and each are held in
position using a uninut long spring, washer and hex head screw. Manifold brackets slot into the cantilever and are
clamped using a hex head screw and plain nut.
Figure 15 - Manifold Bracket Assembly
65mm (2.5") Manifold Bracket Part No. 30460

80mm (3") Manifold Bracket Part No. 30500

Flexible Pilot Hose Male Adaptor

The flexible pilot hose is used to connect pressure acti- This adaptor is used to connect the pilot hose to the
vated devices to the system, e.g. slave container, pres- container valve assembly.
sure switch, etc.
Figure 16 - Flexible hose (Part No. 6490) Figure 17 - Male Adaptor (Part No. 91105)
Material: Brass
Connection: 1/4"BSPT x 1/4" BSPP
Outer sheath: Stainless Steel Braided

Inner sheath: PTFE to BS 4976
Max. Working Pressure: 190 bar (2755 psi)
Min. Burst Pressure: 759 bar (11008 psi)
MIn. Bend Radius: 60mm (2.4")@ 0oC (32oF)
Connections: 1/4" BSP swivel female
Length: 710mm (28")

Male Tee Pressure Switch

This is used primarily in manifold systems for connect- The pressure switch is activated by pressure from the
ing pilot lines from one slave container to the next. agent during discharge and can be used to signal to a
control panel that the system has actually discharged.
The pressure switch incorporates a reset button which
Figure 18 - Male Tee (Part No. 91109) has to be depressed following a discharge.
Figure 20 - Pressure Switch (Part No. 99205)
Material: Brass
Connection: 1/4" BSPP x 1/4" BSPT
Male Elbow
This elbow can be used on the last slave container when
the pressure switch connection is taken from the mani-
fold or piping networks.
Figure 19 - Male Elbow (Part No. 91101)
Housing: Die-cast Aluminium

Pressure Connection: Nickel Plated Brass
Switch Point: 4 bar Rising (58 psi)
Tolerance: +/- 0.34 Bar (+/- 5 psi)
Connection: 1/4" NPT Female
Proof Pressure: 172.4 bar (2500 psi)
DC Switch Rating: 1 A 24v DC
Material: Brass Temperature Range: -40oC to +71oC
Connection: 1/4" BSPT x 1/4" BSPP (-40 oF to 160 oF)
Installation Environment: non-corrosive / indoor

Discharge Nozzle Figure 21 - 7 & 8 Port Nozzle Configuration
FM-200® is distributed within the protected area by the 10mm (3/8") BSP Nozzle: Part No. 3381/2
discharge nozzle which is sized to ensure the correct 15mm (1/2") BSP Nozzle: Part No. 3391/2
flow of agent for the risk. Nozzles are available with seven 20mm (3/4") BSP Nozzle: Part No. 3401/2
or eight ports to allow for 180o or 360o horizontal dis- 25mm (1") BSP Nozzle: Part No. 3411/2
charge patterns. Ports are drilled in 0.1mm (0.004 in) in- 32mm (1 1/4") BSP Nozzle: Part No. 3421/2
crements to the specified system design. BSP nozzles 40mm (1 1/2") BSP Nozzle: Part No. 3431/2
are supplied as standard in Brass and Stainless Steel 50mm (2") BSP Nozzle: Part No. 3441/2
with NPT as optional.
Material: Brass / Stainless Steel

Door Notice Manual Release Notice

A door notice is required at each entrance to the risk to A notice should be located at each manual release posi-
advise personnel that they are entering a protected tion.
area.
Figure 22 - Door Notice (Part No. 2675) Figure 23 - Manual Release Sign (Part No. 2659)
CAUTION!
D o N O T enter unless
extingu ishing system
is lock ed off
W hen alarm sou nds FM200Ò

Ò
FM 2 0 0 evacu ate hazard area RELEASE
MANUAL
CONTROL
POINT
After system discharge
do N O T re-enter until
thorou ghly ventilated.
Macron Safety Systems (UK) Limited
HYGOODSouth Denes Road,
LTD W OODLANDS Great
DFORDYarmouth
ROAD GULI SURREY GU11RN
FM200 Ò
NR30 3PJ572222 FAX 01483 302180
TEL 01483
Tel: +44 (0)1483 572222
Fax: +44 (0)1483 302180
CAUTION
ENSURE ALL
PERSONEL ARE
EVACUATED
BEFORE
RELEASING
for areas protected by concentrations greater than EXTINGUISHANT
NOAEL (unoccupied spaces only).

FM200Ò
C A UTIO N !
T his area is protected by

a FM 20 0 Ò fire
extinguishing system
W hen alarm sou nds

FM 2 0 0 Ò or upon gas discharge
evacuate hazard area
After system discharge

do N O T re-enter until
thorou ghly ventilated.
MacronMacron
Safety Safety
Systems (UK)Limited
Systems Limited
HYGOODSouth Denes ROAD
LTD W OODLANDS Road, Great
GULIDFORDYarmouth
SURREY GU11RN
NR30 3PJ572222 FAX 01483 302180
TEL 01483
Tel: +44 (0)1483 572222
Fax: +44 (0)1483 302180
for areas protected by concentrations less than

NOAEL (Part No. 2676).
Technical Information Technical Information
Material 2mm (0.08 in) Craylon Material 2mm (0.08 in) Craylon
Finish Gloss, scratch resistant Finish Gloss, scratch resistant

Typical Manifold System

Figure 24 indicates a typical two container system complete with electrical actuation, manual strike knob, pressure
switch, 2 x low pressure switch, flexible connections, distribution pipework and nozzles.
Figure 24 - Typical Manifold System

SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN HYGOOD
System Design
There are two main elements of system design. The first The FM-200® cupburner valve is 6.7% for
is the risk assessment; determining the type of protec- commercial grade Heptane.
tion required, considerations such as ventilation, open- Nozzle distribution test concentration = 6.9%
ings and restrictions; equipment location. etc. The sec-
Calculations:
ond is calculating the quantity of FM-200® required,
including floor and/or ceiling voids, positioning of noz- Cupburner or fire test concentration X
zles, electrical requirements, etc. nozzle efficiency factor X safety factor.
A Site Survey / Request form is a useful tool to aide- Nozzle efficiency factor = 6.9 = 1.03
memory for addressing the relevant factors, and can be 6.7
used subsequently to substantiate the design criteria.
This can be found in Appendix A. All systems are de- Safety factor: Class A = 1.2
signed in accordance with the BFPSA Code of Practise Class B = 1.3
for Gaseous Fire Fighting Systems, the appropriate Brit- Class C = Class A
ish Standards, currently BS5306 section 5.1. and NFPA For Class A (Determined by fire test) -
2001. 5.8% x 1.03 x 1.2 =7.17%
For Class B (Commercial grade Heptane)-
Hazard Analysis
6.7% x 1.03 x 1.3 =9.0%
The first, and one of the most important, exercises in
For Class B (Other class B fuels)-
planning an FM-200® extinguishing system is the haz-
cupburner x 1.03 x 1.3 = Design
ard survey. The information derived from the survey
concentration, but not less than
should include risk assessment, environmental condi-
9.0%
tions, personnel considerations, system operation both
in normal conditions and after a discharge, access and For Class C - Use at least design concentration
construction limitations, dimensions, volumes, and any for Class A surfaces fires (7.17)
special requirements.
For systems with only manual actuation -
FM-200® systems are suitable for use in normal com- cupburner x 1.03 x 1.3 = design
mercial and industrial environments. The design con- concentration but not less than
centration for Class A & C fires is 7.17% but differs for 9.0%
Class B fires. To determine other recommended design
concentrations for Class B flammable liquids, consult Rugged environments, and those requiring intrinsi-
Macron Safety Systems Limited as well as referring to cally safe or flameproof equipment, require special con-
NFPA 2001, 2000 edition, paragraph 3-4.2 and UL -2166, sideration and should be discussed fully with Macron
first edition, paragraph 61.2(b). However the minimum Safety Systems before finalising a system design. FM-
design concentration for flammable liquids is 9%. All 200® is suitable for use with the following materials:
design concentration calculations are based on extin-
guishing concentrations plus an additional 20% safety
factor for Class A & C and 30% safety factor for Class Class A Fires involving solid materials usually of
B, and manually actuated only systems, plus an addi- an organic nature, in which combustion
tional 3% safety factor for nozzle performance (commer- normally takes place with the formation
cial grade Heptane excluded). of glowing embers.
All system design calculations are calculated at mini- Class B Fires involving flammable liquids or
mum design concentration to determine agent quantity. liquefiable solids and flammable gases.
Maximum design concentration should be at the maxi-
Class C Fires involving energized electrical equip-
mum anticipated enclosure temperature, for comparison
ment where the electrical nonconductivity
see NOAEL / LOAEL values.
of the extinguishing media is of importance
See table 3 or Refer to NFPA 2001, 2000 edition.

HYGOOD SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN
Hazard Volume
In total flooding applications the risk area must com-
Note. Certain materials in this group may prise an enclosed space with no significant openings so
require increased concentrations to achieve that the design concentration can be achieved and main-
satisfactory extinguishment. Consult Macron tained. Generally, the calculation is based on an empty
for details of specific risk. area; the subsequent furniture and fittings having little
effect on the actual concentration. Similarly, large equip-
ment cabinets and control panels should not be consid-
ered in the calculation as it is assumed that the internal
area is required to be filled with agent.
Each enclosed space is considered as a risk area and
requires at least one nozzle. A floor void, ceiling void,
cable duct, etc., is treated as a separate adjacent area
Caution. FM-200® is not effective on the following: - and requires simultaneous discharge to occur.
• Class A Deep seated fires. Ceiling obstructions such as beams that are less than
• Class D Combustible metals. 300mm (12") below the slab need not be considered.
Obstructions greater than 300mm (12") can affect the
• Chemicals capable of auto-thermal recomposition. distribution of agent and may require additional nozzles.
Consult Macron Safety Systems if in doubt. Please note
• Chemicals capable of rapid oxidation.
that floor voids cannot be protected separately from the
• Enclosures with hot surfaces (>400oC) (752oF) associated room.
To determine the volume refer to the site drawings,
ensuring that the scale is accurate and that heights are
denoted, or make a sketch of the area adding dimen-
Hazard Structure sions and any relevant details. Calculate the volume of
The protected enclosure shall be bounded by rigid ele- each area.
ments of building constrution. The ceiling should be
not less than 0.3m (1.ft) above the hazard. The rigid
elements should have a fire resistance of not less than
30 min when tested in accordance with BS476: Part 20,
Part 21, Part 22 or Part 23 as appropriate.
During agent discharge, the hazard enclosure will
experience a pressure change. The hazard structure must
be capable of withstanding a pressure of 600 pa (0.201
ftH20) developed during discharge.

Ventilation Hazard Fuels

If the hazard enclosure has no means of adequate vent- All fuels in the hazard must be identified and the corre-
ing after discharge, consideration should be given to sponding agent concentration requirements. The design
installing a normally closed means of ventilation with concentration (percent by volume) required for the haz-
extraction arrangements which will discharge directly to ard will be the highest concentration required by any
open air. one of the fuels present in the hazard.
Air conditioning and/or forced ventilation can affect the
system performance and the quantity of agent required.
(i) Self-contained air conditioning unit
Personnel Safety
A self-contained unit conditions the air within the en- Natural Agent: To avoid possible injury, avoid any expo-
closure and does not rely on a fresh air supply, or draw sure to FM-200® in volume concentrations greater than
air from other parts of the building. 9% unless using self contained breathing apparatus.
Limit exposure times as in NFPA 2001, Section 1-6
If the hazard has a self-contained unit and it is lo- "Safety."
cated within the area without an outside air supply, no
additional agent is required. It is not necessary to shut Symptoms of overexposure to concentrations greater
down the unit prior to a discharge as the mixing effect is than 10.5% may include dizziness, impaired coordina-
beneficial. tion, reduced mental acuity, cardiac effects or uncon-
sciousness. In the event of overexposure, remove to
fresh air immediately and summon medical assistance.
(ii) Central air conditioning unit
Frostbite: Direct skin contact with FM-200® in the
A central air conditioning unit relies on air from outside immediate area of discharge may cause frostbite.
and is often linked by ducts to other parts of the build-
ing, therefore, prior to a discharge, the unit should be Agent Quantities
shut down and/or dampers operated to close the ducts.
Sufficient time must be allowed for the plant to stop, or Normally the agent quantity is the weight required to
dampers to close, before discharge occurs. produce the desired concentration at the lowest tem-
perature within the hazard enclosure.
Dampers should be installed in both supply and re-
turn air ducts, as close as possible to the area. The duct
volume between the hazard and the damper must be Agent Storage
added to the overall volume. FM-200® is stored as a liquified compressed gas in
appropriate containers to meet DOT4BW500 & 450 re-
Hazard Temperature quirements. Nitrogen in the container maintains a
superpressurisation of 25 bar at 21oC (360 psi at 70oF).
Determine as accurately as possible the anticipated mini- The chosen location should provide protection from
mum and maximum temperatures likely to be experienced severe weather, mechanical, chemical, or other types of
within the protected area. Minimum agent quantity re- damage. The ambient temperature of the storage area
quirements are based on minimum hazard. At maximum must be between 0 oC to 49 oC (32 oF to 120 oF), the
temperature, hazard concentration must not exceed the optimum temperature being 21oC (70oF).
NOAEL/LOAEL values for normally occupied spaces,
reference NFPA 2001, Section 1-6 "Safety." Hydraulic calculations are made at 21oC (70 oF). When
the storage temperature varies by + 5.5 oC (+ 10 oF) from
Once assembled , filled and pressurised the FM-200® 21oC (70 oF), there is a risk that the system will not sup-
extinguishing system should not be exposed to tem- ply the designed quantity of extinguishing agent.
peratures other than the storage / operating temperature
range of 0 to 500C. (32oF to 120oF). This also includes
while being in storage or transported.

Manifolds
It may be necessary to manifold agent containers to
provide the required amount of agent for a hazard, or to
make available the proper increments of agent weight
for the protection of multiple hazards.
Whenever containers are manifolded, the following rules

must be observed.
1. All containers connected to the same manifold

or pipe must be the same size and filled with the
same agent weight, pressure and fill density.
2. Agent containers must be located in a single

row and spaced according to section.
3. A connected reserve may be employed in some

circumstances providing a secondary supply of
agent.
4. Flexible discharge hoses and check valves must

be used at each inlet.
Agent Distribution
Distribution piping will be installed only with approved
piping as indicated in Section 5.
Pipe size reductions may be made by using reducing
tees or reducing bushings or reducing couplings.

Agent Flow Characteristics

the remaining FM-200® nitrogen mixture as a vapour.
Nitrogen Superpressurisation This is due to flashing of the trailing edge of the fluid as
it moves from the tank to the nozzles. In some systems
Nitrogen is added to the FM-200® containers. This ad-
the transition period is relatively long; this can lead to
dition of nitrogen, known as superpressurisation, will
confusion as to when the discharge is complete, possi-
cause a portion of the nitrogen to mix with the FM-200®,
bly resulting in an inaccurate measurement of the dis-
the remaining portion of the nitrogen will remain in the
charge time.
vapour space above the liquid providing the increased
propulsion necessary to discharge the FM-200® from
the container. Nozzle selection and location
Flow in Pipe The number of nozzles required is based on the hazard
size and configuration and the coverage provided by
In a properly designed distribution piping network the the nozzle. Nozzles are available in 7-port or 8-port ver-
flow of FM-200® will consist of a two phase mixture of sions to provide 180 or 360 degree discharge patterns
liquid and vapour. The properties of this mixture will respectively. When considering the optimum nozzle lo-
vary with its composition; therefore, when the mixture cation, the following factors should be taken into ac-
contacts the pipeline walls, the friction decreases the count.
density of the mixture resulting in a non-linear pressure
drop and an increase in flow velocity. • Nozzle location is affected by the shape of the
hazard area.
Another consequence of two-phase flow is the poten-
• The maximum discharge radius is 8.7m(28.6ft) for a
tial for separation of liquid and vapour. In a properly
360o nozzle and 10.05m(33ft) for a 180o nozzle.
designed pipe network, the velocity of the mixture will
be high enough to maintain highly turbulent flow. How- • The maximum coverage area for either nozzle is
ever, if the pipeline diameter is too large for the design 95.3m2 (1026 ft2)
flow rate, the two phases may separate, leading to alter-
nate discharges of liquid and vapour (slugging) or lay- • Nozzle orifices must not be placed where they may
ering of the two phases. Therefore, the pipeline must be discharge into nearby objects.
properly sized to keep the FM-200® flow turbulent
enough to prevent phase separation. • Nozzles must be installed a maximum of 300mm(12")
below the ceiling.
Hydraulic calculations are made at 210C (70oF). Tempera-
tures other than 21oC (70oF) may result in variations in • 4.87m(16 ft) maximum protection height for 360o and
system discharge characteristics. When the storage tem- 180o nozzle.
perature varies by + 5.5oC (+ 10oF) there is a risk that the
system will not supply the designed quantity of extin- • 180 degree nozzles must be mounted adjacent to a
guishing agent. wall and must be located to cover the entire area.
• 300mm(12") minimum void height (i.e. Sub-floors &

Initial Vapour Discharge false ceilings).
At the instant the discharge valve is opened, rapid ex-
pansion of the agent will cool the piping network.
• Maximum distance 180 degree nozzles should be
placed from a wall 300mm (12"), the minimum 50mm
(2"). Measured from centre of the nozzle to the wall.
Trailing Vapour Pressure
• Nozzles located both above and below the con
Discharge time is defined as the average liquid discharge tainer outlet, Maximum distance between 9.1m (30
time through all nozzles in the system. After the liquid ft)
portion of the discharge has been completed, there will
be a short transition period followed by the delivery of • Nozzles located either above or below the container
outlet, maximum distance between them 9.1m (30
ft)

Maximum Limits in Pipe Work.

Examples: Figure 25a -
If nozzles are only located above the

container outlet, then the maximum elevation difference
between the container outlet and the furthest horizontal
pipe run or discharge nozzle (whichever is furthest) shall
not exceed 9.1m (30 ft). See figure 25a. Figure 25b -
If nozzles are only located below the

container outlet, then the maximum elevation difference
between the container outlet and the furthest horizontal
pipe run or discharge nozzle (whichever is furthest) shall
not exceed 9.1m (30 ft). See Figure 25b.
Figure 25c -
If nozzles are located both above and

below the container outlet, then the maximum distance
Note: If a system design violates
between the furthest horizontal pipe runs, or discharge these limits, contact Macron Safety
nozzles (whichever is further) shall not exceed 9.1m (30 Systems to determine what action
ft). See figure 25c. has to be taken.

Figure 26 - Nozzle Discharge Radius System Design Procedure
The following procedure must be followed when design-
ing FM-200® systems.
• Determine hazard material and required design
concentration.
8.7m
• Identify individual enclosure volumes and deduct
any impermeable volumes where appropriate.
• Determine hazard altitude and correction factor.
• Calculate quantity of FM-200® per enclosure, at
minimum design temperature.
(28.6ft) • Determine container size and fill density.
• Select nozzle type and location.
• Design pipe network.
• Calculate quantity of FM-200® per nozzle.
10.05m • Check percentage agent split at tee's.
• Identify all pipe lengths, rises, falls and nozzle
reference numbers.
Note: The side tee splits shall be between 10-30%,
bull tee splits will be between 30-70%. All Tee out-
(33ft) lets must be in the same horizontal plane.
See examples figure 27 a-f.
Example: Nozzle Selection
Switch Room:
120.7m3 (4262.6ft3) 1 x 7 port nozzle
Computer Room:
543.3m3 (19237.1ft3) 4 x 8 port nozzles
Floor Void:
63.36m3 (2275.4ft3) 2 x 8 port nozzles
Nozzle placement and piping arrangements for the exam-

ple are shown in Figure 28.

Example: Tee Split Designs
Figure 27a - Side Tee Split limits. Figure 27b - Bull Tee Split limits.
Figure 27c - Side tee orientation "correct" Figure 27d - Side tee orientation "incorrect"
Figure 27e - Bull tee orientation "correct" Figure 27f - Bull tee orientation "incorrect"
NOTE: Incorrect orientation of side and bull tee could result in separation of the FM200 from the Nitrogen (due to FM-200®
greater density). The design would also be outside the parameters permitted by the calculation software. See figures 27d and 27f.

Design Example - Calculations

Minimum Agent Quantity is based on the hazard vol- Floor Void: (7.2% required design concentration
ume at the minimum anticipated temperature and con- example only)
centration required. To determine the minimum agent
quantity the following equation is used: W= 2275.4 X 7.2 = 80.0lbs
2.207 (100-7.2)
W = (V/S)* (C/100-C)
When the minimum quantity of FM-200® has been cal-
culated the weight is compared to the available agent
container size. The container size must be equal to or
W = Weight of Agent required (lbs)
greater then the weight of agent (see Figure 1).
V = Hazard Volume (ft3)
With the appropriate container selected, the previous
S = Specific Vapour Volume (ft3/lb) equation can be rearranged to determine the concentra-
S = 1.885 + 0.0046t tion based on the actual weight as containers are filled
to the nearest kg.
t = Design Temperature in Hazard Area (oF)
C = Required FM-200® Design Conc. (% by volume) at Design

Temperature (t).
C= 100 WS
WS + V
Example:
Calculation for two rooms and floor void with the fol- To calculate the required agent for each hazard volume
lowing dimensions: as a percentage of the total agent required;
Switch Room: 22.9 x 22.7 x 8.2 = 4262.6ft3 % Hazard Agent = Individual hazard Volume
Sum of hazard volumes
Computer Room: 52.5 x 39.4 x 9.3 = 19237.1ft3
Floor Void: 52.5 x 39.4 x 1.1 = 2275.4ft3
Switch Room: 4262.6/25775.1 = 16.6% of Agent
t = 21o C (70oF) for calculation example
Computer Room: 19237.1/25775.1 = 74.6% of Agent
Floor Void: 2275.4/25775.1 = 8.8% of Agent
Switch Room: (7.20% required design concentration
example only)
It is determined from the above that both the switch
Room and the Computer Room can be fed by one mani-
W= 4262.6 X 7.2 = 149.9Ibs
folded system using 3 x 180 Litre containers, each filled
2.207 (100-7.2) with 276lbs of Agent. The Floor Void would use 1 x 52
Computer Room: (7.2% required design concentration Litre container filled with 80lbs as it requires less than
example only) 10% of the total Agent and therefore equates as follows.
(Separate tank is required for floor voids. If protected
with nozzle from computer room system, the piping would
W= 19237.1 X 7.2 = 676.3lbs be outside the tee split limits.)
2.207 (100-7.2)

Switch Room: 4262.6/23499.7 = 18.14% of Agent After determining the minimum weight and concentra-
tion, the maximum concentration can be determined by
Computer Room: 19237.1/23499.7 = 81.9% of Agent recalculating the equation based on the maximum tem-
Floor Void: 2275.4/2275.4 = 100% of Agent perature anticipated in each enclosure 270C (800F) maxi-
mum design temperature. This calculation is required to
Actual agent to switch Room : determine if the maximum concentration is below the
0.1814 x 3 x 276 = 150.2 lbs NOAEL limit for normally occupied areas.
Agent to Computer room :

3 x 276 - 150.2 = 677.8 Switch Room: C = 100 x 150.2 x 2.2538 = 7.36%
(150.2 x 2.253) + 4262.6
The minimum enclosure concentrations can be calcu-

lated based on the actual container fill (70oF minimum Computer Room: C = 100 x 677.8 x 2.2538 = 7.36%
design temperature). (677.8 x 2.253) + 19237.1
Switch Room: C = 100 x 150.2 x2.207 = 7.22% Floor Void: C = 100 x 80 x 2.2538 = 7.34%
(150.2x2.207)+4262.6 (80 x 2.253) + 2275.4
Computer Room: C = 100 x 677.8 x 2.207 = 7.22%

(677.8 x 2.207)+19237.1
Floor Void: C = 100 x 80 x 2.207 = 7.2%

(80 x 2.207) + 2275.4
Figure 28 - Example Nozzle Location

Piping Practices
Due to the two phase flow of FM-200®, certain piping
practices must be adhered to. Mainly that the flow split
must be on the horizontal plane. There are two types of
tee used in FM-200® systems, a through /side tee and a
bull tee. Both have limitations on the minimum and maxi-
mum allowable flow splits which are detailed in section
4, page 36.
It should also be noted that system designers shall al-
low a minimum of 10 times the nominal pipe diameter
around tee splits before any change of direction.
System designers should aim to design as far as possi-
ble balanced pipe networks, use minimum lengths of pipe,
use minimum numbers of elbows, maximize pipe volume
before the 1st tee and incorporate similar pipe run lengths
to nozzles.

HYGOOD SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS
Introduction
Example:
®
In determining the quantity of FM-200 required for Hazard Volume: 9182ft3
a particular application, it is important to assess the haz-
ard area correctly. The following information will need Room Temperature: 70oF
to be determined as discussed in Section 3.
Agent Concentration: 7.17%
Flooding Factor: 0.0351
1. Hazard Volume.
2. Minimum Room Temperature.
Quantity of FM-200® required: 0.0351 x 9182 =322.3lbs
3. Hazard Type.
4. Height above sea-level.
Note: Specific Vapour Volume data shown in
Table 7 are experimentally derived values and
The Hazard volume can be determined by calculating the specific vapour volume equation (S) has
the room volume and deducting any impermeable vol- a correlation coefficient of 0.99. However the
umes that may be contained within the area. The antici- equation can be used to give a close approxi-
pated temperature of the Hazard area will normally be mation of required agent quantities.
advised by the client. The agent concentration is de-
pendant upon the type of hazard being protected, the
type of nozzle used and hazard altitude. The quantity of
FM-200® can be calculated by using the flooding fac-
tors (Table 6. imperial / 6a. metric) or by using the for-
mula (FM-200® Equation Calculations) and then multi-
plying by the altitude correction factor (table 7).
Table 6: FM-200® Weight Calculations

Imperial
Temp. Specific Weight Requirements of Hazard Volume, W/V (lb/ft3)

Vapor Design Concentration (% by Volume)
Volume 6 7 7.17 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
t s
(oF )c (ft3/lb)d
10 1.9264 0.0331 0.0391 0.0401 0.0451 0.0513 0.057 0.0642 0.0708 0.0776 0.0845 0.0916
20 1.9736 0.0323 0.0381 0.0391 0.0441 0.0501 0.0563 0.0626 0.0691 0.0757 0.0825 0.0894
30 2.0210 0.0316 0.0372 0.0382 0.0430 0.0489 0.0550 0.0612 0.0675 0.0739 0.0805 0.0873
40 2.0678 0.0309 0.0364 0.0373 0.0421 0.0478 0.0537 0.0598 0.0659 0.0723 0.0787 0.0853
50 2.1146 0.0302 0.0356 0.0365 0.0411 0.0468 0.0525 0.0584 0.0645 0.0707 0.0770 0.0835
60 2.1612 0.0295 0.0348 0.0357 0.0402 0.0458 0.0514 0.0572 0.0631 0.0691 0.0753 0.0817
70 2.2075 0.0289 0.0341 0.0349 0.0394 0.0448 0.0503 0.056 0.0618 0.0677 0.0737 0.0799
80 2.2538 0.0283 0.0334 0.0342 0.0386 0.0439 0.0493 0.0548 0.0605 0.0663 0.0722 0.0783
90 2.2994 0.0278 0.0327 0.0335 0.0378 0.0430 0.0483 0.0538 0.0593 0.0650 0.0708 0.0767
100 2.3452 0.0272 0.0321 0.0329 0.0371 0.0422 0.0474 0.0527 0.0581 0.0637 0.0694 0.0752
110 2.3912 0.0267 0.0315 0.0323 0.0364 0.0414 0.0465 0.0517 0.0570 0.0625 0.0681 0.0738
120 2.4366 0.0262 0.0309 0.0316 0.0357 0.0406 0.0456 0.0507 0.0560 0.0613 0.0668 0.0724
130 2.4820 0.0257 0.0303 0.0311 0.0350 0.0398 0.0448 0.0498 0.0549 0.0602 0.0656 0.0711
140 2.572 0.0253 0.0298 0.0306 0.0344 0.0391 0.0440 0.0489 0.0540 0.0591 0.0644 0.0698

SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS HYGOOD
Table 6a: FM-200® Weight Calculations

Metric.
Temp Specific Weight Requirements of Hazard Volume, W/V (kg/m3)

Vapor Design Concentration (% per volume)
Volume
t s 6 7 7.17 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
(oC )c (m3/kg)d
-10 0.1215 0.5254 0.6196 0.6357 0.7158 0.8142 0.9147 1.0174 1.1225 1.2301 1.3401 1.4527
-5 0.1241 0.5142 0.6064 0.6223 0.7005 0.7987 0.8951 0.9957 1.0985 1.2038 1.3114 1.4216
0 0.1268 0.5034 0.5936 0.6091 0.6858 0.78 0.8763 0.9748 1.0755 1.1785 1.2839 1.3918
5 0.1294 0.4932 0.5816 0.5968 0.6719 0.7642 0.8586 0.955 1.0537 1.1546 1.2579 1.3636
10 0.132 0.4834 0.57 0.5851 0.6585 0.749 0.8414 0.936 1.0327 1.1316 1.2328 1.2264
15 0.1347 0.474 0.5589 0.5734 0.6457 0.7344 0.8251 0.9178 1.0126 1.1096 1.2089 1.3105
20 0.1373 0.465 0.5483 0.5625 0.6335 0.7205 0.8094 0.9004 0.9934 1.0886 1.1859 1.2856
25 0.1399 0.4564 0.5382 0.5520 0.6217 0.7071 0.7944 0.8837 0.975 1.0684 1.164 1.2618
30 0.1425 0.4481 0.5284 0.5420 0.6104 0.6943 0.78 0.8676 0.9573 1.049 1.1428 1.2388
35 0.145 0.4401 0.519 0.5326 0.5996 0.6819 0.7661 0.8522 0.9402 1.0303 1.1224 1.2168
40 0.1476 0.4324 0.5099 0.5232 0.5891 0.6701 0.7528 0.8374 0.9230 1.0124 1.1029 1.1956
45 0.1502 0.425 0.5012 0.5142 0.579 0.6586 0.7399 0.823 0.0908 0.995 1.084 1.1751
50 0.157 0.418 0.4929 0.4919 0.5694 0.6476 0.7276 0.8093 0.8929 0.9784 1.066 1.1555
55 0.1553 0.4111 0.4847 0.4973 0.56 0.6369 0.7156 0.796 0.8782 0.9623 1.0484 1.1365
Table 7: Altitude Correction Factor sure that vary more than 11 percent (equivalent to approxi-
mately 915m (3000 ft) of elevation change) from standard
A ltitu d e a b o v e sea - C o rrectio n
sea level pressure 760 mm Hg at 0 oC (29.92 in Hg at 70 oF).
lev el F a cto r
ft
-3 0 0 0 (-0 .9 2 km ) 1 .1 1
-2 0 0 0 (-0 .6 1 km ) 1 .0 7
-1 0 0 0 (-0 .3 0 km ) 1 .0 4
FM-200® Equation Calculations
0 (0 .0 0 km ) 1 .0 0
1 0 0 0 (0 .3 0 km ) 0 .9 6
2 0 0 0 (0 .6 1 km ) 0 .9 3
The weight of agent required for a hazard area can also
3 0 0 0 (0 .9 1 km ) 0 .8 9
4 0 0 0 (1 .2 2 km ) 0 .8 6
be calculated from the formula shown below;
5 0 0 0 (1 .5 2 km ) 0 .8 2
6 0 0 0 (1 .8 3 km ) 0 .7 8
7 0 0 0 (2 .1 3 km ) 0 .7 5 W = (V/S) * (C/100-C)
8 0 0 0 (2 .4 5 km ) 0 .7 2
9 0 0 0 (2 .7 4 km ) 0 .6 9
1 0 0 0 0 (3 .0 5 km ) 0 .6 6
W = Weight of Agent required kg (lbs)
(BS5306: Part 5: Section 5.1 / NPFA2001 Table 3-6)
V = Hazard Volume m3 (ft3)
®
At elevations above sea-level, FM-200 has a greater spe- S = Specific Vapour Volume cu.m/kg (ft3/lbs)
cific volume because of the reduced atmospheric pres-
sure. A system designed for sea-level conditions will there- where S = 0.1269 + 0.0005131 t ( oC)
fore develop an actual higher concentration at levels above
sea-level and an actual lower concentration at levels be- Or (S= 1.885 + 0.0046 t o F)
low sea-level. The adjusted agent quantity is calculated t = Design Temperature in Hazard Area oC (oF)
by multiplying W (from the equation on the left) by the
altitude correction factor. The design quantity of the clean C = Required FM-200® Design Conc. (% by volume) at
agent shall be adjusted to compensate for ambient pres- Design Temperature (t).

HYGOOD SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS
Engineered Systems
• Max. liquid arrival time imbalance of 1.0 seconds.
Macron Safety Systems Engineered systems are based • Maximum liquid run out time of 2.0 seconds.
on a Hydraulic Flow Program developed by Hughes As- • Maximum nozzle height is 4.87m (16.0ft)
sociates Inc. The program predicts the two phase flow of
FM-200® and nitrogen through a pipe network. Informa- • Minimum of 10% agent in pipe before first tee.
tion detailing the enclosure is entered and the program
calculates the required pipe sizes, nozzle drill sizes, aver- • Maximum of 20 nozzles per system.
age nozzle pressures and discharge time. For further infor- • Maximum of 10 enclosures per system.
mation on the Flow Program, refer to the Hughes Hy-Flow
User's Manual. • The ratio between the nozzle area and the pipe cross
sectional area immediately preceding the nozzle is
As system design calculations are critical to the suc- limited to a minimum of 0.20 (20%) and a maximum
cess of the extinguishing system, only Macron Safety of 0.80 (80%).
Systems or Macron Safety Systems trained personnel are
permitted to perform system calculations. If in the future, (For extended discharge consult Ma-
companies other than Macron Safety Systems wish to use cron Safety Systems Ltd.)
the program, representatives will be required to attend a
formal training session. All system calculations are con-
ducted either 'in house' by Macron Safety Systems or au-
thorised suppliers. Table 8 : Max. & Min. Flow Rates.
Pipe Size mm Minimum flow Maximum flow
(in) rate kg/s (lb/s) rate
kg/sec.(lb/s)
NOTE: The calculation method has been de- 10 (3/8) 0.272 (0.60) 0.907 (2.00)
signed for specific types of fittings, pipes, and 15(½ ) 0.454 (1.00) 1.361 (3.00)
pipe inside diameter. When these limitations 20 (¾) 0.907 (2.00) 2.495 (5.50)
are not maintained, there is a risk that the sys- 25 (1) 1.588 (3.50) 3.855 (8.50)
tem will not supply the required quantity of ex- 32 (1 ¼) 2.722 (6.00) 5.67 (12.50)
tinguishing agent. 40 (1 ½) 4.082 (9.00) 9.072 (20.00)
50 (2) 6.35 (14.00) 13.61 (30.00)
65 (2 ½) 9.072 (20.00) 24.95 (55.00)
80 (3) 13.61 (30.00) 44.92 (99.00)
100 (4) 24.95 (55.00) 56.7 (125.00)
Program Parameters 125 (5) 40.82 (90.00) 90.72 (200.00)
150 (6) 54.43 (120.00) 136.1 (300.00)
When designing pipe network systems, the following Note: This information is for Schedule 40 pipe, and serves as an
design parameters should be considered to avoid system estimate only.
reject when running the calculation. Pipe and nozzle sizes need to be confirmed by the computer
program.
• 4.87 bar (70.6 psi) minimum nozzle pressure.

• 80% maximum agent in pipe.
• Between 6 - 10 seconds discharge time.
• 10 - 30 % side tee split.
• 30 -70 % bull tee split.
• 0.5 kg/L(31.2lbs/ft3) - 1.0 kg/L(62.4lbs/ft3) fill
density.

SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS HYGOOD
Table 9 :Equivalent Length
D iam eter 90º E lbow m 45º E lbow m T hru T ee m Side T ee m U nion m

M m (in) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
10 (3/8) 0.4 (1.2) 0.18 (0.5) 0.24 (0.7) 0.82 (2.5) 0.09 (0.3)
15 (1/2) 0.52 (1.6) 0.24 (0.7) 0.3 (0.9) 1.04 (3.2) 0.12 (0.4)
20 (3/4) 0.67 (2.0) 0.3 (0.9) 0.42 (1.3) 1.37 (4.2) 0.15 (0.5)
25 (1) 0.85 (2.6) 0.4 (1.2) 0.55 (1.7) 1.74 (5.3) 0.18 (0.6)
32 (1 ¼ ) 1.13 (3.4) 0.52 (1.6) 0.7 (2.1) 2.29 (7.0) 0.24 (0.7)
40 (1 ½ ) 1.31 (4.0) 0.61 (1.7) 0.82 (2.5) 2.65 (8.0) 0.27 (0.8)
50 (2) 1.68 (5.1) 0.79 (2.4) 1.06 (3.2) 3.41 (10.4) 0.37 (1.1)
65 (2 ½ ) 2.01 (6.1) 0.94 (1.5) 1.25 (3.8) 4.08 (12.4) 0.43 (1.3)
80 (3) 2.5 (7.6) 1.16 (3.5) 1.55 (4.7) 5.06 (15.4) 0.55 (1.7)
100 (4) 3.26 (10.0) 1.52 (4.6) 2.01 (6.1) 6.64 (20.2) 0.73 (2.2)
125 (5) 4.08 (12.4) 1.92 (5.9) 2.56(7.8) 8.35 (25.5) 0.91 (2.8)
150 (6) 4.94 (15.0) 2.32 (7.1) 3.08 (9.4) 10 (30.5) 1.07 (3.3)
E quivalent leng th table for pipe fittings.

Figures based upo n schedule 40 A ST M A 1 06-77 p ipe
(nom inal pipe size given in table).
Table 10 : Equivalent Length for other

system components.
Component Nominal Equivalent

pipe size length M (ft)
25 mm valve (1 in. valve) 25 mm (1 in.) 6.096 (20)
50 mm valve (2 in. valve) 50 mm (2 in.) 10.668 (35)
32 mm flex hose (1-1/4 in. flex hose) See note 1 See note 1
50 mm flex hose (2 in. flex hose) 50 mm (2 in.) 5.37 (17.6)
25 mm Check & Flex (1 in. Check & Flex) 25 mm (1 in.) 7.593 (24.91)
32 mm Check & Flex (1-1/4 in. Check & Flex) 32 mm (1.25 in.) 15.285 (50.15)
50 mm Check & Flex (2 in. Check & Flex) 50 mm (2 in.) 12.02 (39.429)
Figures based upon schedule 40 ASTM A 106-77 pipe

(nominal pipe size given in table).
Note 1 – Flex hose consists of two segments.

The first segment has a diameter of 25 mm
(1 in.) with a total equivalent length of 0.14 m (0.5 ft).
The second segment has a diameter of 32 mm (1-1/4 in.)
with a total equivalent length of 10.74 m (35.2 ft).

HYGOOD SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION
General Information
Installation drawings shall be submitted for approval to
All installation shall be carried out by an approved Ma- the appropriate authority prior to system installation.
cron Safety Systems contractor with the correct equip-
ment and previous experience of gaseous extinguishing On receipt, unpack the Macron Safety Systems sup-
systems. Macron Safety Systems can supply this serv- plied items and ensure that the components comply with
ice or provide a list of their factory trained installation the packing list and installation drawings.
contractors. Installation instructions are described un-
The container weight is checked at the factory prior
der the following main headings, and in the order of
to dispatch, and recorded on the label attached to the
installation.
container. If there is any doubt regarding the weight, or
leakage is suspected, the container should be weighed
to confirm there is no weight loss. Determine the con-
• Container Installation tainer storage temperature and refer to the Temperature
• Piping and Nozzles Correction Chart to check the pressure within the con-
tainer (see Appendix B).
• Actuation Controls
• Ancillary Equipment
• Completion Procedures Container Installation
The container location is identified on the system draw-
Specific installation drawings must be prepared for ings and should be protected from extremes of tempera-
the hazard area in accordance with system design as ture, and be accessible for service and maintenance. The
calculated by the FM-200® Hydraulic Flow Program. These containers must be firmly secured to a wall or bulkhead.
drawings should be followed closely in order to ensure No Safety Outlet and Actuation Caps should be removed
the system meets its design criteria. The pipe network is at this stage.
sized in order to obtain correct discharge time, nozzle
pressures, agent quantity and various other design con- Figure 29 - Safety Outlet and Actuation Caps
siderations. If for any reason, the pipe network requires
modifications the system must be recalculated before 50mm(2") Safety Outlet Cap Part No. 94466
proceeding with installation. Installation drawings con- 25mm(1") Actuation Cap Part No. 91185
tain the following information; 25mm(1") Safety Outlet Cap Part No. 94463
• Enclosure Volumes.
• Agent Quantities. Actuation Cap
• Scaled Pipe Network Plan.

• Pipe Network Isometric.
• Pipe Diameters, Pipe Length Drops & Rises.
• Nozzle Data.
• Container Data.
• Solenoid Actuator Technical Data.
• Low Pressure Switch Wiring Chart
• Fittings Data.
Safety Outlet Cap
38 FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue2.0

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION HYGOOD
Single Container Installation
1. Fix the back channels of the mounting brackets to Figure 30 - Container Strap Location
the wall at the appropriate heights (see table 11),
using suitable anchor type bolts (not supplied).
2. Position the container against the back channel

with the valve outlet pointing left.
3. Insert the container straps at top and bottom and

secure with the bolts provided (see Figure 30).
4. Remove the Safety Outlet cap from the valve

outlet adaptor (see Figure 29).
5. With the outlet cap removed from the valve outlet

adaptor, install a union coupling.
Caution. Do not over tighten the container

connection. Excessive tightening may cause the
valve outlet thread to be damaged and adversely
affect the system operation.
6. Remove the union and replace the Safety Outlet

Cap after the initial pipe run has been installed.
Table 11: Bracket Fixing Heights
Container No. of Height From Floor to Bracket

Size L Unirax mm (in)
Channels
8 liter : 4.5 to 8.0 kg 1 130 (5”)
(10 to 18 lbs.)
16 liter : 9.0 to 17.5 kg 2 60, 330 (2.5”, 13”)
(20 to 39 lbs.)
32 liter : 17.0 to 33.5 kg 2 160, 595 (6.25”, 23.5”)
(38 to 74 lbs.)
52 liter : 27.0 to 53.0 kg 2 110, 343 (4.25”, 13.5”)
(59 to 117 lbs.)
106 liter : 53.5 to 106.5 kg 2 300, 750 (11.75”, 29.5”)
(118 to 235 lbs.)
147 liter : 74.0 to 147.5 kg 2 300, 1000 (11.75”, 39.25”)
(163 to 325 lbs.)
180 liter : 91.5 to 182.0 kg 2 300, 1200 (11.75”, 47.25”)
(201 to 401 lbs.)
FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0 39

Multiple Container Installation
Containers are manifolded together for three main rea- Manifold Bracket Installation
sons;
• To reduce the amount of piping required by 1. Fix the two back vertical channels to the wall at the
connection to one feeder pipe. appropriate height using suitable anchor type bolts
(see table 12).
• For systems that require main and reserve.
Back channels are used to ensure that the appropriate
• Combining the correct containers to obtain the height adjustment is available when connecting the dis-
required quantity of agent within a specific haz- charge hose from the valve outlet to the manifold check
ard area. valve (see figure 31).
2. Locate and secure the cantilever brackets to each

A typical 80mm (3"), three port manifold assembly con-
channel using M10 x 40mm Hex Head screw and
sists of the manifold, three check valves and an end
uninut long spring 10mm.
cap. Each check valve is bolted to a flanged inlet on the
manifold (50mm (2") only) using four M8 x 20mm cap 3. Locate manifold brackets in cantilever channel and
head screws. unirax end caps.
1 Fix the back channels of the mounting brackets to 4. Remove outlet safety cap and attach discharge hose
the wall at the appropriate heights (see table 11), between valve and manifold. Adjust cantilever
using suitable anchor type bolts (not supplied). height as required and secure in position.
2 Position the containers against the back channels 5. For safety remove discharge hose and replace safety
with the valve outlets pointing left at the required caps, while pipework is installed.
spacing for the manifold ports (see Figure 14,
dimension B).
3 Insert the container straps at top and bottom and

secure with the bolts provided (see Figure 30).

Table 12: Manifold Bracket Fixing Heights

C o n ta in e r V a lv e M a n ifo ld N o m in a l H e ig h t fr o m F lo o r
S iz e (L ) S iz e (m m ) S iz e (m m ) to to p o f c a n tile v e r (m m )
8 25 6 5 (2 .5 ” ) 750
4 .5 to 8 .0 k g (1 ” ) (2 9 ½ in .)
(1 0 to 1 8 lb )
16 25 65 949
9 .0 to 1 7 .5 k g (2 .5 ” ) (3 7 3 /8 in .)
(2 0 to 3 9 lb )
32 25 65 1289
1 7 .0 to 3 3 .5 k g (2 .5 ” ) (5 0 ¾ in .)
(3 8 to 7 4 lb )
52 50 80 1133
2 7 .0 to 5 3 .0 k g (2 ” ) (3 ” ) (4 4 5 /8 in .)
(5 9 to 1 1 7 lb )
106 50 80 1601
5 3 .5 to 1 0 6 .5 k g (3 ” ) (6 3 .0 ” )
(1 1 8 to 2 3 5 lb )
106 50 100 1601
(4 ” ) (6 3 in )
147 50 80 1931
7 4 .0 to 1 4 7 .5 k g (3 ” ) (7 6 in .)
(1 6 3 to 3 2 5 lb )
147 50 100 1931
(4 ” ) (7 6 in .)
147 50 150 1931
(6 ” ) (6 7 in .)
180 50 100 1931
9 1 .5 to 1 8 2 .0 k g (4 ” ) (7 6 in .)
(2 0 1 to 4 0 1 lb .)
180 50 150 2210
(6 ” ) (8 7 in )
Figure 31 - Manifold Assembly

Table 14: UK Fittings

Pipe Installation Fitting Description Pipe Size
Screwed, complying with BS1256,BS1740 or Class 150 of up to &

ANSI B16.3; or including
20mm
In general, the installation should commence at the un- Forged Steel, Screwed complying with grade WPA or
ion elbow / manifold assembly and progress along to WPB of BS3799; or
the discharge nozzles. Install the Pipework to the instal- Forged Steel, Socket Weld, complying with grade WPA or
WPB of BS3799; or
lation drawings provided, ensuring that the following is Forged Steel, Butt Weld, complying with grade WPA or
adhered to: WPB of BS1640: Part 3 or Class 300 of ANSI B16.9;
Screwed, complying with BS1740 or Class 150 of ANSI above 20mm
B16.3; or up to &
including
80mm
• The piping material must conform to the Forged Steel, Screwed complying with grade WPA or
requirements of BS5306: Part 5 Section 5.1. WPB of BS3799; or
Forged Steel, Socket Weld, complying with grade WPA or
/ NFPA 2001 2-2 WPB of BS3799; or
Forged Steel, Butt Weld, complying with grade WPA or
WPB of BS1640: Part 3 or Class 300 of ANSI B16.9;
• The pipe must be reamed, blown clear and Screwed, complying with BS1740; or above 80mm
swabbed with an appropriate solvent to remove
mill varnish and cutting oil before assembly as Forged Steel, Screwed complying with grade WPA or
WPB of BS3799; or
required by BS5306: Part 5 Section 5.1. Forged Steel, Socket Weld, complying with grade WPA or
/ NFPA 2001 2-2. WPB of BS3799; or
Forged Steel, Butt Weld, complying with grade WPA or
WPB of BS1640: Part 3;
• PTFE tape is the only acceptable pipe sealant and
must be applied to the male threads. (Note: Only use Fittings from table 15 that comply with US
requirements specified in table 16. Do not use 90o sharp elbows/
tees for system installation)
Table 13: UK Steel Pipework

Requirements
Nominal Pipe Publication Type of Pipe1) Grade of Steel Minimum Wall
Size Thickness2)
BS1387 BW - Heavy
Up to and BS3601 S 430
including BS3602 : Pt 1 HFS or CFS 360 or 430
50mm ASTM A106-77 HF or CD A or B Schedule 40
Over 50mm up BS3601 S 430 (Schedule 80
to and for screwed
including BS3602 : Pt 1 HFS or CFS 360 or 430 joints)
100mm ASTM A106-77 HF OR CD A or B
Above 100mm BS3601 S 430 Schedule 80
BS3602 : Pt 1 HFS or CFS 360 or 430 Schedule 40
(Schedule 80
for screwed
joints)
ASTM A106-77 HF or CD A or B
1) Abbreviations:
BW butt welded / CD cold drawn / HFS hot finished seamless / CFS cold finished
seamless / S seamless
2) Where schedule numbers are given, these determine the minimum wall thickness in
accordance with BS1600. Where the specified pipe is not obtainable in these dimensions,
the next larger thickness should be used.

Table 15: US Steel Pipe Requirements

Pipe Reference Connection Pipe Type Nominal Pipe
Size
ASTM A-106 seamless Grade C Threaded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade B Threaded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade A Threaded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-53 ERW Grade B Threaded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-53 ERW Grade A Threaded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-53 Furnace Weld Class F Threaded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-106 seamless Grade C Welded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade B Welded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade A Welded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-53 ERW Grade B Welded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-53 ERW Grade A Welded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
ASTM A-53 Furnace Weld Class F Welded Schedule 40 3/8” - 6” NPS
Table 16: US Fittings

Fitting Description Pipe Size
Class 300 Malleable or Ductile Iron Up to or < 3” NPS

1000-Ib Rated Ductile Iron or Forged Steel > 3” NPS
Class 300 Flanged Joints All
Note: Cautionary information indicating the calcula- Table 17: Hanger Spacing
tion method has been investigated for specific types of
fittings, type of pipe and pipe inside diameter. Also that
when the specified limitations are not maintained there Pipe Size Maximum Spacing
is the risk that the system will not supply the required mm m
quantity of extinguishing agent. The Flow Program con-
10 (3/8”) 1. (3 ft)
tains pipe & fittings options together with Equivalent
15 (1/2”) 1.5 (5 ft)
Length information for UK / US pipe & fittings.
20 (3/4”) 1.8 (6 ft)
25 (1”) 2.1 (7 ft)
Pipe Hangers 32 (1 ¼”) 2.4 (8 ft)
40 (1 ½”) 2.7 (9 ft)
Pipe hangers must be spaced according to the size of 50 (2”) 3.4 (11 ft)
pipe (see table 17). 65 (2 ½”) 3.5 (11.5 ft)
80 (3”) 3.7 (12 ft)
100 (4”) 4.3 (14 ft)
• Hangers must be placed within 300mm (12") of
150 (6”) 5.2 (17 ft)
the discharge nozzle (see Figure 32).
(Reference: BS ISO 14520-1:2000)
• Hangers must be placed between elbows that are
more than 600mm (24") apart (see Figure 33).
• Hangers must be fixed to a structure capable of
supporting the Pipework.

Figure 32 - Nozzle Fixing

Table 18: Safety Clearances.
Max. Rated Min. Section Min. Ground

Voltage Clearance Clearance
(kV) (m) (m)
15 2.59 (8.5ft) -
33 2.74 (9ft) -
44 2.89 (9.5ft) -
66 3.05 (10ft) -
88 3.20 (10.5ft) 2.44 (8ft)
110 3.35 (11ft) 2.44 (8ft)
132 3.50 (11.5ft) 2.44 (8ft)
165 3.81 (12.5ft) 2.44 (8ft)
220 4.27 (14.0ft) 2.44 (8ft)
275 4.57 (15ft) 2.44 (8ft)
Figure 33 - Elbow Support
Minimum clearance from any point on or about the

permanent equipment where a person may be required
to stand (measure from position of the feet). Section
clearance - to the nearest unscreened live conductor in
air. Ground clearance - to the nearest part not at earth
potential of an insulator supporting a live conductor.
Reference NFPA 2001, section 1-5.2
Nozzles
All nozzles require the installation of a dirt trap compris-

ing 1 side tee, 2 nipples, and 1 pipe cap. Fit the nozzle to
the nipple on the dirt trap and check the nozzle orifice to
ensure proper orientation. Dirt trap lengths should be
no more than 10 times nominal pipe diameter.
Earthing & Electrical Clearance A false ceiling comprising loose tiles must have the tiles
retained within a 2m (6.5ft) radius of the nozzle, to pre-
vent movement during system discharge. Nozzles should
Systems within electrical substations or switchrooms be installed a maximum of 300mm (12") below the ceiling.
shall be efficiently earthed to prevent the metalwork be-
coming electrically charged. Adequate earthing of sys- Figure 34 - Dirt Trap
tems will minimize the risk of electrostatic discharge.
Where exposed electrical conductors are present and,
where practicable, clearances no smaller than those
given in table 18 shall be provided, between the electri-
cal conductors and all parts of the system that may be
approached during maintenance (BS5958: Pt.1 & Pt.2).

Actuation Installation Figure 36 - Side Mounted Electrical Actuator

Location (No Solenoid Adaptor Fitted)
The method of actuation depends on the system con-
figuration and any specific contract requirements and
can be broken down as follows:
• Single Container Actuation

• Multiple Container Actuation
Single Container Actuation

Side Mounted Electrical Actuator
The electrical actuator is factory fitted to the side port of
the valve assembly. The actuator cannot be removed or
tested on site unless fitted with solenoid adaptor part
no. 5540 as this will cause the upper valve chamber to be
vented, discharging the container (see figure 35 for lo-
cation of side mounted actuator fitted with adaptor and
figure 36 for location of side mounted actuator with no
adaptor). Ensure that solenoid is installed between 0-30o
off vertical. If no other actuators are to be installed en-
sure that the actuation cap on the valve is retained in
position.
Figure 37 - Side Mounted Electrical Actuator Wiring
Figure 35 - Side Mounted Electrical Actuator & Diagram
Solenoid Adaptor Location

Removable Solenoid Actuator If no other actuators are to be installed ensure that the
protective cap on the actuator is retained in position.
The removable electrical actuator is fitted to the top of
the valve assembly as follows: The electrical signal from the detection and/or con-
trol equipment is connected in accordance with the wir-
ing diagram detailed in Figure 40 when all other installa-
• Check the actuator mechanism to ensure that it is in tions have been completed.
the non-fired position, i.e. pin retracted (see Figure
38).
Figure 40 - Electrical Actuator Wiring Diagram
• Remove the actuator cap from the top of the valve
assembly (see Figure 29).
• Carefully screw the actuator to the valve assembly
(see Figure 39).
Note: The actuator must be hand tight only.
Figure 38 - Actuator Non-Fire Position
4.5-5.0 mm
(.177-.197 in)
WITH NUT
AGAINST
BODY
SOLENOID
CAN BE
LOCATED
ANY 9Oo
ANGLE The Solenoid Actuator is fitted with a suppression di-
ode in parallel to the coil as indicated. Connect +ve from
Figure 39 - Electrical Actuator Location control panel to terminal 1 and -ve from control panel to
terminal 2, on plug connector. End of line monitoring
device (if required) to be fitted on site.
Before this system is put into operation, the removable

solenoid can be checked by firing the system. To do
this, REMOVE THE SOLENOID ACTUATOR from the
valve. With power to the actuator, the pin should be
firmly in the down position.

Manual Actuator Multiple Container Actuation
The manual strike knob actuator can be fitted to the top Where several containers comprise one system and are
of the electrical actuator or directly onto the valve, after discharged simultaneously, one container is designated
first removing the protective cap. as the ‘master’ container, and the others are ‘slave’
Caution. Before attaching the strike knob to the electri- containers. The master container can be actuated elec-
cal actuator or valve, ensure that the firing pin is re- trically or manually. The slave containers are actuated
tracted and the safety pin is in place (see Figure 41). The pneumatically by the action of the master container dis-
strike knob must be hand-tight only. charging.
Pneumatic Actuator
Figure 41 - Manual Actuator Non-Fire Position
Check that the actuating plungers are in the raised posi-
tion (see Figure 43). Remove the actuation cap from the
top of the valve assembly (see Figure 29) and carefully
screw the pneumatic actuator to the valve on each slave
container.
Note. The actuator must be hand-tight only.
Figure 43 - Pneumatic Actuator Non-Fire Position
6.4mm (1/4")
MINIMUM
6.4mm (1/4")
MINIMUM
Figure 42 - Manual Actuator Location
Figure 44 - Pneumatic Actuator Location

Slave Actuation Pilot Line

For slave containers the pneumatic connection is made Install the pilot line tee, Part No. 91109 on to all pneu-
using flexible pilot hoses. To fit the pilot hoses, re- matic actuators (wrench tight). Connect one end of the
move the 1/4" pilot pressure port plug from the master pilot hose Part No. 6490 to the adaptor on the master
container valve assembly and install the 1/4" male adap- container and one end to the pilot line tee on the pneum-
tor, part number 91105. atic actuator. Connect pilot hoses between pilot line tees
on all pneumatic actuators (see Figure 45). The maximum
number of slave actuated containers is 9 (10 containers
system in total).
Figure 45 - Multiple Container Actuation

Ancillary Equipment
Discharge Pressure Switch Multiple Container Systems

On multi-container installations the pressure switch
should be located close to the last slave container and
Single Container Systems connected by pilot hose to the tee connector on the
On single container installations the pressure switch pneumatic actuator (see Figure 47).
should be located close to the valve assembly and con-
nected with a pilot hose from the pressure port outlet on
Figure 47 - Discharge Pressure Switch Installation
the valve to the connector on the pressure switch (see
Figure 46).
Figure 46 - Discharge Pressure Switch Installation

Discharge Pressure Switch continued... NOTE: When the device (i.e. pressure switch) is con-
nected to a standard supervisory input circuit, there will
be no distinction between a wiring fault and device ac-
To wire the discharge pressure switch to the control tuation . This device is to only be utilised when accepted
panel, unscrew and remove the switch cover plate. Con- by the authority having jurisdiction.
nect to the appropriate terminals on the microswitch or if
supplied with wires, to the coloured wires which are la-
belled as follows:- Accessories
Common (C) (violet)
Door Notices
Normally Open (NO) (blue)
Warning notices are required at all exits and entrances
Normally Closed (NC) (black) to protected area, ideally mounted on the door. Plates
may be drilled and screw fixed or attached using suitable
adhesive.
Low Pressure Switch
All container valves are 'Factory fitted' with low pres- Manual Release Notices
sure warning switches. Voltage input can be applied to
Manual release notices are required at all manual ac-
either terminal.
tuators, remote manual actuators and call points. Plates
may be drilled and screw fixed or attached using suit-
Figure 48 - Low Pressure Switch to Control Panel
able adhesive.
diagram.
Completion Procedures
For ease of reference completion procedures may be

subdivided into the following sections;
Connections to Pyrochem PCR-100 • Pre Checks and Visual Inspections.

• Final Connections.
NOTE: Program output circuit 4 as a supervisory input
circuit. See Pyrochem PCR-100 manual for programming • Hand over Procedures.
details.
CAUTION:
The completion of the installation system,
commissioning tests and hand-over may
occur before the area is ready for use. In
the event of delay between hand-over and
the risk area being available for protection,
then the system must be left in a 'safe' con-
Connections to Pyrochem FMM-101 or dition to avoid accidental discharge. The
FMM-1 Module system must only be made operative once
the area for protection has been completed
NOTE: Program the addressable module as supervisory. and is operational.
See Pyrochem PCR-400 manual for programming details.

Pre-checks and Visual Inspections • Remove top mounted or side mounted solenoid (if
connected via solenoid adaptor) from valve.
Check that solenoid is activated when system is
General triggered. If the solenoid adaptor is not present,
remove electrical connections from side mounted
When the installation is complete, and before making solenoid and check wiring voltage is correct for
the final connections, the following checks should be actuation when system is triggered.
made:
During detection system actuation verify the following

functions operate;
Mechanical Checks
Inspect protected area closely for conformance to origi- • All apertures in hazard enclosure are closed by
nal risk specifications and for enclosable openings or dampers or other suitable methods.
sources of agent loss which may have been overlooked
in the original specification. • Electrical equipment in the protected area is
tripped and isolated.
• Building work should be thoroughly checked to

ensure that enclosures have been properly
Pneumatic Checks
constructed and that voids in floors and above
suspended ceilings have been sealed. The slave actuators on manifolded systems are fired by
agent discharge. Pneumatic checks are detailed below;
• All back channels should be secured firmly to the
wall or bulk head. • Remove pneumatic actuator from container valve.
• Disconnect pilot hose from the master container
• Containers should be securely held within valve adaptor (see Figure 45).
brackets.
• Provide 4 bar (58 psi) pressure to the master
• Piping should be securely fixed within hangers. container valve pilot hose.
• Verify all pneumatic actuator pistons are in the fired
• All pipe connections must be tight.
position.
• Nozzles to be the proper type, correctly placed, Before replacing the pneumatic actuators, ensure that
and properly orientated. all pistons are fully reset (see Figure 43). After reinstall-
ing the pneumatic actuators, reconnect the pilot hose to
• Check model and weight markings on container the master container valve adaptor (see Figure 45).
nameplates to verify that correct containers and
charges have been installed as required.
Final Connections
• Verify that all warning and instruction plates are
mounted where required.
Discharge Piping
The final connection of the discharge piping occurs at
Electrical Checks
the container valve assembly. For single container sys-
The electrical systems may include interfaces with many tems, the valve safety outlet cap can be removed and
other systems for alarm, indication, actuation, shutdown, the discharge pipe connected to the container outlet.
etc. For complex electrical systems the scope and oper- For multi-container systems, the valve safety caps can
ating requirements will be described in other documents. be removed and all discharge hoses fitted.
Electrical checks are given below for a basic system us-
ing electrical actuation of the container valve;

Hand-over Procedures
The entire system shall be thoroughly inspected to make

sure that it is complete and that all tests required during
installation have been properly carried out. In addition,
the following items are particularly important.
1. A container should be refilled or replaced when it

shows a loss in agent quantity of more than 5% or
a loss in pressure (adjusted for temperature) of
more than 10%.(Operating pressure of unit at 25
bar at 21oC , 360 psi at 70oF). Refer to Appendix B
for pressures at other container temperatures.
2. Check container weight information label against

system requirement. If there is any doubt or if
there has been a loss of pressure the container
must be weighed.
3. Make sure the system is armed and the actuating

systems are operational.
Ensure adequate escape routes with directional signs

are provided. Issue of the appropriate documentation
shall constitute completion of the Hand-over procedure.
Appropriate records shall be issued by fire and/or
insurance authorities as to the suitability, acceptability
and availability of the system for the hazard area.

SECTION 6 - INTEGRITY TESTING HYGOOD
Introduction
The hazard integrity is the ability to retain the discharged Below Ceiling Leakage Area
FM-200®. For a total flooding extinguishing system to (BCLA)
be effective, the design concentration must be achieved
and then maintained for at least ten minutes. The only Experience has shown that leakage above a suspended
method of testing the agent retention within the pro- ceiling has a negligible effect on the FM-200® concen-
tected area is to verify the integrity of the enclosure by tration. Like water leaking from the holes in the bottom
applying proven test procedures. of a swimming pool, FM-200® tends to escape from leaks
in the lower part of the enclosure due to the weight of
The enclosure integrity test has been developed to the mixture above it. The rate at which FM-200® is lost is
locate the source of leaks and, from the data collected, therefore primarily governed by the leakage below the
predict the retention time, proving system performance floor, and walls beneath the ceiling. This is called the
and removing the need for actual FM-200® discharge. Below Ceiling Leakage Area.
In order to determine with any degree of confidence that
the hazard area will hold the gas for the required time
period, where necessary an Enclosure Integrity Test in
accordance with BS5306:Part 5: Section 5:1 / NFPA 2001
appendix B. must be conducted. Predicting Retention Time
Once the ELA, BCLA and static pressures have been
Principle measured the next step is to calculate the retention time
of the enclosure. The formula is derived from a standard
The test is conducted with a device known as a door engineering/fluid dynamics principle. The result of the
fan, which has been used in the energy conservation calculation is the number of minutes it takes for the FM-
field for over 25 years. It has three basic components as 200®/air interface to reach the minimum protected height
follows: required, normally about 75% of the enclosure area.
• An adjustable panel that fits in the doorway of

the protected area
Slab to Slab Walls
• A calibrated fixed speed fan The only major limitation is that it cannot be used to
accurately predict a retention time if the perimeter walls
• A variable speed fan do not extend from slab to slab. The enclosure will al-
most invariably fail due to extensive leakage through
the ceiling tiles.
The pressure created by the door fan causes the air
to move through leaks in the enclosure at high speed
making it easy to pinpoint where leaks exist. A cool chemi-
cal smoke or other air current indicator is used to detect
the approximate size and location of leaks.
Coordination and Planning
It should only be necessary to conduct one integrity
test, therefore it is essential to ensure that the enclosure
Equivalent Leakage Area (ELA) is ready, and that the relevant people have been in-
The test to measure the ELA is conducted by blowing formed. Having established that any outstanding works
air into or out of the enclosure to develop the same pres- are completed prior to the test date, advise all interested
sure differential as would be created by the discharging parties in writing, if necessary outlining the testing
FM-200®. By measuring the air flow required it becomes method and principles involved.
possible to calculate the ELA, which is the total of all
cracks, gaps and holes in the enclosure. The leakage
measurement achieved by taking air out of the enclo-
sure (depressurisation), and then blowing air into the
enclosure (pressurisation), is then averaged.

HYGOOD SECTION 6 - INTEGRITY TESTING
Integrity Test Procedure Dampers should be installed in both supply and return
air ducts, as close as possible to the area. The duct vol-
Evaluation. The enclosure and immediate surrounding ume between the hazard and the damper must be added
area is initially examined visually to assess the readi- to the overall volume.
ness for testing, the existence of any attached spaces
that could affect the results, and that there is an ad-
equate relief area and return air path. The volume of the Door Fan Installation. A Retrotec RD860 door fan unit
enclosure is confirmed and the highest equipment meas- is installed in the designated test door in accordance
ured to ascertain the required level for retention time. with the manufacturer’s instructions.
The gauges are zeroed by taking them to full scale de-
Preparation. All doors outside the area that are required flection and holding for approximately ten seconds, af-
to be open for the test are wedged open with suitable ter which the gauges are gently tapped and zeroed.
notices posted to advise personnel. Where voids are
protected by FM-200®, tiles are removed to ensure a Enclosure Evaluation
uniform air flow.
Static Pressure Measurements. With the door fan equip-
The enclosure is put in the state it would be in prior ment fully installed and set up, but with all openings
to a discharge, e.g. ventilation system shut down, damp- closed, a measurement of any pressure difference be-
ers closed, etc. tween the enclosure and the relief area is made. If the
Note. Equipment within the enclosure that does not af- measurement is unduly high its causes are ascertained
fect the integrity may be left running even if it will be and if possible permanently reduced or eliminated.
shut down in the event of a discharge, preventing un- Total Enclosure Leakage Method. Using an adequate
necessary disruption and inconvenience. range on one fan, or a number of fans, a pressure differ-
ence of between column pressure and column pressure
plus 30% is created. The pressure difference, and the air
Ventilation. Air conditioning and/or forced ventilation flow required to generate this, is then recorded. This is
can affect the system performance and the quantity of carried out for both pressurisation and depressurisation
agent required. modes. The total equivalent leakage area and the pre-
dicted retention time is calculated.
(i) Self-contained air conditioning unit
Suspended Ceiling Leakage Neutralisation Method.
A self-contained unit conditions the air within the en- This procedure is used to improve the accuracy of the
closure and does not rely on a fresh air supply, or draw predicted retention time where a reasonable air-tight ceil-
air from other parts of the building. If the hazard has a ing exists, whether or not the ceiling is protected with
self-contained unit and it is located within the area with- FM-200®.
out an outside air supply, no additional agent is required.
It is not necessary to shut down the unit prior to a dis- Note. Leak paths through the ceiling may be temporarily
charge as the mixing effect is beneficial. However if the sealed.
air-conditioning unit is left running, a depleting concen-
tration rather than a descending FM-200®/air interface The volumes above and below the false ceiling are
will be formed. The concentration will be depleted due depressurised to the same extent but using separate fans.
to leakage. Therefore the enclosure should be over- This is confirmed by using cool chemical smoke to check
gassed to obtain the required ten minute retention time that no air is flowing through the false ceiling.
at minimum concentration. Readings of the pressure difference between the en-
(ii) Central air conditioning unit closure, relief area, and the air flow through the fan(s)
used to depressurise the room and false ceiling are made,
A central air conditioning unit relies on air from outside and then the procedure is repeated in the pressurisation
and is often linked by ducts to other parts of the build- mode. The below ceiling leakage area is then calculated
ing, therefore, prior to a discharge, the unit should be and used in conjunction with the ELA to predict a re-
shut down and/or dampers operated to close the ducts. vised retention time.
Sufficient time must be allowed for the plant to stop, or
dampers to close, before discharge occurs.

SECTION 6 - INTEGRITY TESTING HYGOOD
Calculation Leakage Location

A portable computer is used to collate the data and cal- If the enclosure fails the test, or if the client requests, an
culate the values. The associated printer provides a de- inspection of the enclosure with the door fan running
tailed hard copy of the data on site. can be made. This makes it possible to locate the source
of any leakage by using cool chemical smoke. This pro-
cedure also tests the efficiency of any dampers, etc.
Figure 49 - Typical Printout
RETROTEC DISCHARGE SIMULATION VER. HA5.1 FAN TEST R EADINGS & DATA
RETENTION TIME PREDICTION MODEL
Location: Hygood. Test Enclosure

Location: Hygo od. Test Enclosure
Room Name: Test House
R oom Nam e: Test H ouse
Testing Company: HYGOOD LIMITED
Technician: C Uzzell Tem p erature IN : 20 Tem p erature O UT: 20
Date: 12.12.96 Static Pressure @ Fan Test: 0
Whole Room Test.
All Outputs are in METRIC Units.
DEPR ES SUR E PR ESS UR E
Gas Being Modelled: FM200
Operator and G auges Lo cation OUT OUT
Lbs/Kgs of Agent in Cylinder(s): 17.00
R oom Pressure Gauge R eading 14.0 14.0
Net Room Volume (m3): 30.00 C orrected R oo m Delta P (pa) -14.0 14.0
Room Height (m): 3.20 Blow er R ange C onfig Used 0.1 0.1
Minimum Protected Height (m). 2.90 Flow Pressure Gauge R eading 45.0 45.0
Minimum Retention Time (min): 10.00 C orrected Flow Pressure 31.0 45.0
Initial Gas Concentration (%): 7.22 C alcu lated Air Flow (1s) 13.4 16.2
Static Pressure @ Discharge: 0.00 Tem p . C orrected Flow 13.4 16.2
Leakage Area (m 2) 0.0046 0.0055
Average Leakage Area (m 2) 0.0050
Equivalent Leakage Area (ELA m2): 0.0050

Hole in Ceiling (m2): 0.0025
Hole in Floor (BCLA m2): 0.0025 RM= 1.639 PC = 13.7
AT= 0.003 ALL- 0.002
This Room PASSES the Test as the Predicted Retention Time is C 3= 3.019 C 4= 0.000
10.1 minutes for the agent/air interface to drop below the GD= 7.260 K1- 1.8850
minimum protected height. AR = 9.374 T= 605.679
PA= 13.7 FA= 0.500
C F= 1.000 K2= 0.0046
Witnessed By: EL= 0.000 TD= 20.000
X
Page 2 Of 2 Licensed to: MARCRON SAFETY SYSTEMS (UK) LIMITED
Software Conforms to 1992 NFPA 12A/2001 TCD Room Integrity Procedure. Registration # : 207
Maximum Allowable ELA (m2): 0.005
Interface Height @ 10 minutes: 2.903
Page 1 Of 2 Licensed to: MARCRON SAFETY SYSTEMS (UK) LIMITED

Registration # : 207

HYGOOD SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION
General Comments
Personnel required to work in the protected area should Fully Automatic System
be conversant with the detection and extinguishing Where a sensitive fire detection system is included for
equipment installed, and trained in fire procedures. All the automatic release of extinguishing agent, the system
life-saving equipment must be properly maintained. shall only be capable of automatic release once two or
The method of system operation is chosen at the more sensors detect the fire.
design stage to suit the protection required for the haz- The number of detectors and their spacing is de-
ard area and the environmental factors appropriate to signed to ensure a satisfactory response time. To en-
that area. This part of the document provides informa- sure personnel may safely evacuate the risk area an ad-
tion relevant to ALL the standard operational systems justable time delay should be fitted such that sufficient
to cover the eventuality of changes to, or expansion of time may elapse prior to system discharge. Ideally, the
the original design. delay period shall not exceed 30 seconds (BS5306 Pt5).
Prior to system discharge (and at the commencement
of any time delay period) a clearly audible alarm different
from any other used shall sound and continue until the
System Detection and Actuation complete system is reset. In areas of high ambient noise
level, a visual indication may also be required, in addi-
General tion to the audible warning.
Each system is designed to suit the hazard area, whether The design of a system for automatic detection, sig-
the area is normally manned or unmanned, and whether nal distribution, alarms, etc. is not always of MACRON
the detection/actuation devices are to be manual or au- SAFETY SYSTEMS supply. Therefore, details appertain-
tomatic. The permutation of systems is large but from ing to fire detection and alarm operation and mainte-
an operational point of view, the systems are best nance are not included in this document.
grouped as:-
UL Listed Detection & Control Equipment
Detectors shall be UL Listed for the intended applica-
• Manual.
tion. Control Panels shall be UL Listed for releasing de-
• Fully Automatic. vice service and compatible with detection and MA-
CRON SAFETY SYSTEMS FM-200® Engineered Total
• Automatic with Manual Intervention. Flooding Fire Extinguishing System.
Manual System
Manual systems depend on human detection of a fire in
the hazard area and prompt action to actuate the local or
remote strike knob for the FM-200® system to discharge
and flood the protected area and extinguish the fire.
All other instructions associated with manual op-
eration form part of the user’s procedures on safety
precautions and fire drill. If required MACRON SAFETY
SYSTEMS can assist the user to prepare the procedures
for safety and fire precautions.

SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION HYGOOD
Fully Automatic System with Manual Inter- FM-200® Decomposition

vention FM-200® decomposes when exposed to temperatures
Manual intervention of an automatic system may be in- exceeding 482oC (900oF); such as flames, hot metal
cluded for the following condition; surfaces, etc. The rate of this decomposition is depend-
ent upon the size of the area where extreme temperatures
are found, and also upon the length of FM-200® exposure
• Where personnel are required to work within the time.
protected area. To avoid decomposition, MACRON SAFETY SYS-
TEMS are designed to discharge and extinguish the fire
quickly. The average duration of discharge for these
In protected areas where personnel are present and systems at 21oC (70oF) is less than 10 seconds, so the
the concentration is greater than NOAEL, it is minimum amount of decomposition occurs. Hydrogen
recommended that the automatic feature of the Fluoride is the most toxic decomposition product. This
system is isolated during occupation. This may be material generates a sharp acrid odour, which is easily
achieved either by an electrically contacted lock detected and acts as a warning and a good safeguard to
assembly or by a clearly marked key switch at a personnel.
suitable location outside the risk area.
FM-200® Discharge Conditions

Conditions During a Fire FM-200® has low boiling point, consequently the dis-
charge is very cold at the point where it leaves the noz-
The user’s fire and safety instructions to personnel zle. Care should be taken to avoid working within 1 me-
should include advice on the conditions prevailing dur- tre (3.ft) of FM-200® discharge nozzles.
ing the discharge of an FM-200® system. This advice is
intended to prepare the personnel for the situations likely The velocity of discharge of FM-200® from a dis-
to arise and therefore minimise the risks of panic. Three charge nozzle is very high, care should be taken to in-
major conditions prevail during FM-200® discharge of sure that objects which may become dangerous projec-
which personnel should be made aware: tiles are secured or removed from the hazard area.
FM-200® Concentration
FM-200® total flooding systems greater than 9% design
concentration should only be used with manual actua-
tion in normally occupied areas. A normally occupied
area is defined as an area intended for occupancy.
Any area protected by FM-200® should be evacu-
ated prior to start of system discharge. Where egress of
normally occupied areas cannot be accomplished within
one minute, FM-200® total flooding systems shall be
designed not to exceed 9.0% concentration.
Refer to NFPA 2001, Paragraph 1-6.1.2.1 for additional
information.

HYGOOD SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION
Actions Following a Fire
General
These notes are only applicable to the hazard area(s) Should it be necessary to enter a space containing FM-
protected by a FM-200® fire extinguishing system. Where 200® or decomposition products the following precau-
such a system may form part of, or combine with other tions should be taken;
forms of fire protection systems then composite instruc-
tions for all systems are necessary to ensure the safety
of personnel and property following a fire. MACRON • Use a fresh air mask or self contained breathing
SAFETY SYSTEMS are available to assist a client pre- equipment.
pare composite instructions. In accordance with BS5839:
Part 1 the organisation will have appointed, or nomi- • Do Not use a filter mask or canister type mask.
nated, a responsible person to act as a ‘Fire Officer’.
• Do Not enter space unless you are under observa-
Actions following a fire should be co-ordinated and/or
tion from outside the space, or tethered by a lifeline.
directed by the Fire Officer.
• Ensure that all pressurised equipment is isolated or
safe from release.
Actions Immediately Following a Fire

These actions should, at a minimum, include the follow-
ing:
• Advise the emergency services, Fire, Accident,

Police if appropriate.
• Organize a ‘roll-call’ of employees and any visitors.
• Prevent unauthorised personnel from entering the
hazard area.
• In the case of deep seated fires, the hazard space
should be kept tightly closed for at least 60 minutes
after discharge of the FM-200® extinguishing agent.
It is essential that the fire be completely extinguished
before ventilating the space. Before permitting any
one to enter the space, ventilate thoroughly or
ensure self-contained breathing equipment is used.
• Do not enter the hazard area in which fire has been
extinguished with an open flame or lighted cigarette
as the possible presence of flammable vapours may
cause re-ignition or explosion.

SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
HYGOOD
Introduction
Weekly Check of Containers
This section provides user inspection and maintenance Check storage container pressure gauges and ambient
guidance for FM-200® Engineered Systems. A log book temperature, compare these pressures to the Tempera-
will be provided to record all inspections, maintenance, ture Correction Chart to determine temperature corrected
measurements and actions taken. The continued capa- pressure. If the container corrected pressure shows a
bility for effective performance of an FM-200® Total loss of more than 10%, the containers should be removed
Flooding Fire Suppression System depends on fully for weighing. All measurements and actions shall be re-
adequate maintenance procedures, with periodic test- corded in the log book.
ing. Reference NFPA 2001 section 4-1 to 4-6.
User's Programme of Inspection Weekly Check of System Components

Make a visual inspection of the system components,
distribution piping and nozzles. Check the immediate vi-
The installer should provide the user with an inspection cinity of all equipment to ensure that no accidental dam-
programme for the system and components. The pro- age or tampering has occurred.
gramme shall include instructions on the action to be
taken in respect of faults. The user's inspection pro-
gramme is intended to detect faults at an early stage to
allow rectification before the system may have to oper-
ate. Weekly General Check
Inspect the hazard area, access routes, container stor-
age area, floor voids and areas above suspended ceil-
A suitable programme is as follows:- ings to ensure housekeeping is good and that no refuse
has accumulated. Ensure that access to the system con-
tainer assemblies and local remote controls is unob-
Weekly Check of Hazard Area structed.
Inspect the hazard area against the original layout to

ensure that there have been no changes that might af-
fect the proper performance of the fire protection sys-
tem. Changes might include: Monthly Check of Notices
Inspect system and protected spaces to ensure that warn-
ing signs, safety precautions and operating instructions
• Contents of area.
are posted and clearly visible.
• Use of area.
• Air Handling equipment in area.
• Openings in area.
Monthly Personnel Training Check
• Floor/ceiling voids.
Check that all personnel who may have to operate the
• Partitioning. equipment or system are properly trained and are au-
thorized to do so, and in particular that new employees
have been instructed in its use.

HYGOOD SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
Contract Service & Maintenance

Container Weighing
Systems shall be thoroughly inspected and tested for Where a Client does not wish to use a MACRON
proper operation by qualified contract personnel in ac- SAFETY SYSTEMS maintenance contract or the spe-
cordance with the requirements of British Standard 5430 cialised liquid level detection equipment, then contain-
Part 2. Before any checks are carried out, ensure the ers must be weighed to establish the FM200® content.
extinguishing system is isolated electrically and mechani- The weighing procedure is as follows:
cally and remove all solenoid and pneumatic actuators.
No maintenance work should be carried out without ob-
taining approval from the Fire Officer and advising any
personnel within the hazard area. The following Pro- • Remove all manual controls, pressure actuators
gramme should be carried out in addition to the User's and pressure actuation pipe or tubing and flexible
Programme of Inspection. The user shall be provided electrical connectors.
with a signed and dated report of the inspection advis-
ing any rectification carried out or needed.
• Disconnect and remove discharge piping /
discharge hoses from container valves.
3 Monthly Actuator Check.
• Fit Safety Outlet Caps onto container valves.
Test and service all actuating mechanisms.
• Remove containers from bracketing and weigh
containers. Any container showing more than the
3 Monthly Electrical Systems Check maximum allowable weight loss must be recharged
by a qualified recharge agent.
Test and service all electrical detection and alarm
systems as recommended in BS 5839 Part 1 • Record weight of container on record tag.
• Replace containers in bracketing and remove

6 Monthly Container Check Safety Outlet Caps.
Externally inspect containers for signs of damage or
• Reconnect discharge piping / discharge hoses
unauthorised modifications. Check container labels are
and all control heads, pressure actuators,
securely fixed and legible. Check container brackets and
pressure actuation pipe or tubing and flexible
fittings.
electric connectors.
6 Monthly Contents Check

Examine the container pressure gauge reading and refer
to the temperature correction chart. If the container pres-
sure corrected to temperature is below 10% of the stated
pressure it must be replaced or recharged.
Verification of the content of FM200® in the containers
may be achieved through either liquid level detection or
container weighing. If containers show a extinguis-
hant loss of more than 5% or a pressure loss for super-
pressurised liquefiable gases (adjusted for temperature)
of more than 10%, the container should be refilled or
replaced.

SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
HYGOOD
6 Monthly Control Valve & Actuator Check Personnel Training

Check all manual and pneumatic actuators for free move- All persons who may be expected to inspect , test, main-
ment of the piston. Replace whole unit where appropri- tain or operate the fire extinguishing system shall be
ate. Check all control valves for correct manual function kept adequately trained in the functions they are ex-
and automatic valves additionally, for correct automatic pected to perform.
function.
Personnel working in an enclosure protected by a gase-
ous extinguishant shall receive training in the operation,
use of the system and safety issues.
6 Monthly Pipe Network Check
Externally check Pipe-work to determine its conditions.
Replace or pressure test and repair as necessary Pipe-
work showing corrosion or mechanical damage.
Mechanical Servicing Procedure
6 Monthly Nozzle Check a. Remove valve actuator(s) (where possible)

from the container valve(s) and replace
Inspect nozzles for dust and debris, clean out where
actuation cap(s).
necessary.
b. For master/slave system complete the
following steps to check the slave actuation
6 Monthly Enclosure Check system:-
Carry out a full visual check of the enclosure for integ-
rity and confirm the dimensions and the configuration 1. Disconnect pneumatic valve actuators from
of the hazard are as the original drawings or previous the slave container valves and install
visit. If drawings are not available and this is the first actuation caps.
visit then dimensions should be taken and passed to the
engineering department together with the quantity of 2. Disconnect the pilot loop from the master
agent to enable a calculation to be carried out to ensure container valve and install the appropriate
the correct quantity of gas has been used. plug.
3. Introduce 4 bar (58 psi) pressure into the

pilot actuation line to the pneumatic
12 Monthly Hose Check
actuators.
All system hoses should be examined for damage. If
visual examination shows any deficiency, the hose shall 4. Check that the pistons in the pneumatic
be replaced. valve actuators have fully fired.
5. Before installing the pneumatic actuator

12 Monthly Integrity Test onto the container valve ensure that the
piston is reset.
Integrity test the enclosure to determine if the leakage
area has changed sufficiently from that measured dur- c. This section only applies if:
ing installation.
(1) Macron Safety Systems Ltd. is carrying
out the maintenance on the detection system.
(2) If the servicing of the detection system is

being carried out at the same time as the
mechanical service by another nominated
body.

HYGOOD SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
i) Remove solenoid actuators from valve Finally

assembles.
Carry out a final visual inspection of the system and the
ii) Activate the detection system in accordance protected area to ensure that all equipment has been
with procedures provided with the system. reinstalled and reconnected properly. Ensure that any
When this test is performed, the release circuit associated control/indication panel is displaying nor-
of the detection system must operate the mal operation. Complete the site log book, recording
electric actuators causing the plungers to be work carried out and parts used. Inform the responsible
firmly extended. person that the work is complete and that the system is
back on-line.
iii) Examine the auxiliary electrical device/alarm,
door closers etc., have all operated correctly.
iv) Ensure actuator is reset before refitting.
d. For master/slave system, remove the

appropriate port plug and reconnect the pilot
actuation line to the slave port on the
back of the master valve.
e. If Pressure switch(es) have operated, check

that connected devices have activated or shut
down as required and reset.
Specialised Maintenance Duties
Container Hydrostatic Pressure Testing

Providing containers are submitted to a full external in-
spection every 12 months from the date of introduction,
the allowable interval period before the first periodic in-
spection and hydrostatic pressure test is 20 years.
Any container that is discharged between 10 years and
20 years of being introduced into service shall be sub-
mitted to a full periodic inspection and a hydrostatic
pressure test before being refilled. The interval between
the first and second periodic inspection and hydrostatic
pressure test may not exceed 10 years. Subsequent re-
tests are not to exceed 5 years. (BS5430: Part 1) ( NFPA
2001 Section 4-2 ref: containers & Section 4-3 ref: hoses)

Section 9 - RECHARGING PROCEDURE
HYGOOD
Recharging
This section describes the procedures to enable the 11. The outlet adapter may require to be replaced if
refilling of a container that has been discharged and will this is so the outlet will need to be removed and threads
require recharging. This covers both 25mm(1") and cleaned. Apply Loctite 648 to the thread of the new out-
50mm(2") container valve assemblies. let adapter and screw fully home. Re-fit outlet safety
cap.
Valve Refurb In the event that the pressure gauge or pressure
switch needs to be replaced:
On receiving a container that requires to be recharged
the following operations are carried out. 12. Remove to reveal grub screw. Check the grub
screw setting, this should be initially tighten fully and
1. Check that the container is empty.
then loosen by 1/2 a turn.
2. Remove valve, syphon tube grub screw and sy-
13. Apply PTFE tape to replacement components
phon tube from container. (This operation only needs
and refit.
to be undertaken if the burst disc needs replacing).
14. Remove 50 bar (725psi) burst disc assy if dam-
3. Unscrew top cap by removing locking grub screw
aged from burst disc port and replace with a new assy.
located behind safety cap chain fixing screw. Once that
has been taken off the schrader should also be removed. 25mm(1") valve : M14 assy. torque to 18Nm, (94080)
All O ring seals must be lubricated using PTFE / 50mm(2") valve : M18 assy. torque to 20Nm, (94085)
silicone grease.
4. O ring seal for the top cap has to be removed and
replaced : 25mm(1") valve O ring No. 122 (part no.90025)
& 50mm(2") valve O ring No. 231(part no.90120)
5. Remove shuttle from valve body.
6. The shuttle has two O rings an upper and lower,
both have to be replaced. Upper O ring : 25mm(1") valve
O ring No. 122 & 50mm(2") valve O ring No. 227. (part
no.90130)
7. Remove bottom cap from shuttle and replace lower
O rings : 25mm(1") valve O ring No. 212(part no.90185) &
50mm(2") valve O ring No. 327(part no.90140)
8. Replace bottom cap to shuttle and shuttle to valve,
spray a small quantity of PTFE silicone grease into the
bore of the valve body.
9. Screw new schrader into top cap using schrader
tool set to 0.6Nm. Replace top cap to valve and lock into Figure 50
place with grub screw. 50mm (2") Valve exploded View.
10. If valve has been removed from neck ring, re-

place neck seal : (This is to pre-dome burst disc if
Testing
required) On completion of a valve refurb the valve assy is
subjected to two tests - Valve Assy Pre-dome and Leak
25mm(1") valve - 2" 8UN neck O ring No. 327
Test. (test required if burst disc was replaced)
50mm(2") valve - 3 1/4" 8UN neck O ring No.337
The tests are conducted on a Nitrogen rig using a
outlet filling adapter cap, test bottom cap and closing
down adaptor. (See figure 51)

HYGOOD Section 9 - RECHARGING PROCEDURE
1. The valve assy is assembled to the nitrogen rig Replacing Valve Assembly to container
bottom cap using PTFE/silicon greased O ring on the
valve neck thread. The outlet adapter cap is also fitted, 1. Take container and clean neck thread using a
ensuring that the vent tap is closed. power drill and the appropriate attachment. Use care
when cleaning neck threads as the O ring seal could be
2. The nitrogen regulator is opened to 40 bar (580psi) damaged.
and the pressure to the valve is slowly increased to this
pressure, this is to pre-dome the burst disc. This pres- 2. Remove debris from inside the container as well
sure is held for 1 minute ensuring that there is no drop in as from the neck thread, this should be done using the
pressure indicated by nitrogen rig gauge. workshop vacuum cleaner and airline.
3. A Water /soap solution is poured into the top cap 3. PTFE grease must be applied to the clean con-
schrader and leak detection spray is applied to all ports tainer neck thread.
on the valve to check for leakage. If no leaks are present 4. Take the appropriate syphon tube for the correct
the pressure to the valve must be reduced to 25 bar container and valve assy, making sure that the syphon
(362.5psi) and the closing down adapter fitted. To close tube and grub screw hole has been properly de-burred.
the valve shuttle down, 40 bar (580psi) is applied through
the closing down adapter. 5. The syphon must be cleaned either by hand with
paper towels or in the workshop washer.
4. Once again check for leaks.
6. Apply Loctite 572 around the circumference of
5. Slowly release the gas from the test rig, vent from the syphon tube above the grub screw hole. Fit the sy-
closing down adapter and ensure that the outlet cap phon tube into the valve assy, ensuring that the grub
adapter tap is opened before attempting to remove the screw hole's line up.
adapter.
7. Remove excess loctite adhesive and screw in grub
If a leak is identified it should be rectified, if the leak screw.
persists the valve assembly should be rejected.
8. Fit valve and syphon tube assembly to container,
insuring that the neck O ring is in place.
25mm (1") valve - 2"8UN neck ring No. 327
50mm (2") valve - 3 1/4"8UN neck ring No. 337
9. Secure the container in to the pneumatic belt vice
and tighten the valve using the "C" spanner, until the
valve bottoms onto the top of the neck ring.
FILLING
1. With the Container ready for filling a check is
made to the filling instruction sheet and the container
fill weight, time, date and fill details record.
2. The container is placed on a scales and the

appropriate filling adapter attached to the container valve
discharge port.
3. Attach the fill hose / vent line from the filling rig
Figure 51 outlet to filling adapter.
Nitrogen Test Station Component Layout
4. Reset the scale to zero to compensate for weight
of container and fill hose.

HYGOOD
5. Switch on the pump marked 'Liquid' on filling 13. Remove the closing down line adapter.
cabinet and fill container to required weight, refer to fill
14. If valve does not close after 5 applications, the
tolerances table 19. (less approximately 0.7kg ( 1.5lbs)
cylinder must be de-pressurised. Refer to section on
which is present in pipework and will be forced through
"Decanting Containers through rig." Ensure vent valve
during pressurisation). When the fill is reached switch
is closed when not required to prevent contamination
off pump.
on fill line.
6. Remove container from scales, zero scales and
15. Test all ports with leak detection spray, and
weigh to verify fill is within tolerance, adjust if required.
Schrader with water/soap solution.
7. Attach low pressure switch wires to test box and
If a leaks is observed, minor leaks may be cured by
regulate nitrogen pressure to 13.8 bar (200psi) on fill rig
tightening the offending components.
and switch on supply.
16. Remove fill hose and filling adapter, leak test the
8. Slowly increase the nitrogen pressure on the ap-
outlet and attach safety cap. Note : When leak testing
proved pressure regulator to the stated pressure on the
outlet with spray, do not look directly into port, examine
filling instruction sheet, making the relevant allowances
quickly from an angle.)
in pressure to compensate for the current room tempera-
ture (see the temperature correction chart Table 20.). Read 17. Reset scales and note down gross weight.
off the calibrated external fill pressure gauge to deter-
mine when the intended charging pressure has been 18. Make certain all safety caps are in place, schrader
reached. (Check that the container pressure gauge reads protection cap Part No' 91185.
within +/- 1bar (+/- 14.5 psi) of the fill gauge, replace 19. Attach label to container stating the following
container gauge if outside this tolerance). information. Job number, Customer, Project, Container
size, Fill weight, Gross weight, Date filled, Type of agent.
Caution. When superpressurising, a pressure 20. Place container in bonded area for leak monitor-
regulator must be used when the pressure ing for at least 24 hours prior to dispatch.
source is a tank of high pressure gas. 21. After 24 hours a Leak Test on the container is
conducted - see section on Container / valve assy leak-
age test.
Ensure that the test box registers a change in state
(normally open to normally closed or normally closed to 22. Insert fill information on to container label.
normally open) at approximately 21 bar rising (350 psi). 8 Ltr Container: Label part No.4284
9. Agitate the container to accelerate nitrogen ab-
sorption into the agent and top up the pressure accord- 16 to 180 Ltr Container: Label part No.4294
ingly. Switch off nitrogen supply once absorption has
stopped. 23. Adhere label to container 50mm (2") below the
container top fixing bracket height.
10. Attach the closing down adaptor to the con-
tainer valve top cap and connect the nitrogen closing
down line. Regulate the nitrogen pressure to 40 bar (580
psi) with the fill rig.
11. Open the closing down valve for 1 second only
to force the valve shuttle down. The container valve can
be heard to close. Turn off the nitrogen supply and vent
the closing down line with the needle valve.
12. Vent the fill hose to atmosphere. If the pressure
drops to zero as shown on fill rig gauge marked outlet
within 10 seconds, the valve has closed. (Top up if
necessary)

Container Size Fill Tolerance Charging Pressure

8ltr +0.04, -0 kg (+0.09, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
16ltr +0.08, -0 kg (+0.18, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
32ltr +0.16, -0 kg (+0.35, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
52ltr +0.26, -0 kg (+0.57, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
106ltr +0.50, -0 kg (+1.10, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
147ltr +0.75, -0 kg (+1.65, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
180ltr +1.00, -0 kg (+2.21, -0 lb) +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi)
Table 19 :Fill Tolerance Table.
Temperature Developed Temperature Developed Temperature Developed Temperature Developed

Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure
o
C ( oF) Bar (Psi) o
C ( oF) Bar (Psi) o
C ( oF) Bar (Psi) o
C (oF) Bar (Psi)
0 (32) 19.9 (288.1) 12.8 (55) 22.8 (331.0) 25.6 (78) 26.0 (376.7) 38.3 (101) 29.5 (427.5)
0.5 (33) 20.0 (289.9) 13.3 (56) 22.9 (332.9) 26.1 (79) 26.1 (378.7) 38.9 (102) 29.6 (429.9)
1.0 (34) 20.1 (291.7) 13.9 (57) 23.1 (334.8) 26.7 (80) 26.3 (380.8) 39.4 (103) 29.8 (432.3)
1.6 (35) 20.2 (293.6) 14.4 (58) 23.2 (336.7) 27.2 (81) 26.4 (383.0) 40.0 (104) 30.0 (434.7)
2.0 (36) 20.4 (295.4) 15.0 (59) 23.4 (338.6) 27.8 (82) 26.6 (385.1) 40.6 (105) 30.1 (437.1)
2.8 (37) 20.5 (297.2) 15.6 (60) 23.5 (340.5) 28.3 (83) 26.7 (387.3) 41.1 (106) 30.3 (439.5)
3.3 (38) 20.6 (299.0) 16.1 (61) 23.6 (342.5) 28.9 (84) 26.9 (389.4) 41.7 (107) 30.5 (441.9)
3.9 (39) 20.8 (300.9) 16.7 (62) 23.8 (344.4) 29.4 (85) 27.0 (391.6) 42.4 (108) 30.6 (444.3)
4.4 (40) 20.9 (302.7) 17.2 (63) 23.9 (346.4) 30.0 (86) 27.2 (393.7) 42.8 (109) 30.8 (446.7)
5.0 (41) 21.0 (304.6) 17.8 (64) 24.0 (348.4) 30.6 (87) 27.3 (395.9) 43.3 (110) 31.0 (449.1)
5.6 (42) 21.1 (306.4) 18.3 (65) 24.2 (350.4) 31.1 (88) 27.4 (398.0) 43.9 (111) 31.1 (451.6)
6.1 (43) 21.3 (308.3) 18.9 (66) 24.3 (352.3) 31.7 (89) 27.6 (400.2) 44.4 (112) 31.3 (454.2)
6.7 (44) 21.4 (310.2) 19.4 (67) 24.4 (354.3) 32.2 (90) 27.7 (402.3) 45.0 (113) 31.5 (456.7
7.2 (45) 21.5 (312.1) 20.0 (68) 24.6 (356.3) 32.8 (91) 27.9 (404.6) 45.6 (114) 31.7 (459.3)
7.8 (46) 21.6 (313.9) 20.6 (69) 24.7 (358.2) 33.3 (92) 28.1 (406.9) 46.1 (115) 31.9 (461.9)
8.3 (47) 21.8 (315.8) 21.1 (70) 24.8 (360.2) 33.9 (93) 28.2 (409.1) 46.7 (116) 32.0 (464.5)
8.9 (48) 21.9 (317.7) 21.7 (71) 25.0 (362.3) 34.4 (94) 28.4 (411.4) 47.2 (117) 32.2 (467.0)
9.4 (49) 22.0 (319.5) 22.2 (72) 25.1 (364.3) 35.0 (95) 28.5 (413.7) 47.8 (118) 32.4 (469.6
10.0 (50) 22.2 (321.4) 22.8 (73) 25.3 (366.4) 35.6 (96) 28.7 (416.0) 48.3 (119) 32.6 (472.2)
10.6 (51) 22.3 (323.3 23.3 (74) 25.4 (368.4) 36.1 (97) 28.8 (418.3) 48.9 (120) 32.7 (474.8)
11.1 (52) 22.4 (325.2) 23.9 (75) 25.6 (370.5) 36.7 (98) 92.0 (420.5)
11.7 (53) 22.6 (327.1 24.4 (76) 25.7 (372.6) 37.2 (99) 29.2 (422.8)
12.2 (54) 22.7 (329.0) 25.0 (77) 25.8 (374.6) 37.8 (100) 29.3 (425.1)
Table 20: Temperature Correction Chart.

HYGOOD
Container / Valve Assy leakage Test

This Test is required for all filled FM-200® valves However, if the repeatability check is inconclusive,
and container assemblies after being left to stand in a repeat check in an alternative clean environment. If
bonded area for at least 24 hours. The test equipment repeatability problems persist, contact R&D department
used is a leak detector and calibration gas. for instruction. Close the hand valve of the leak stand-
ard after use.
1. After 24hrs standing, the valve pressure gauge
should be checked for pressure loss (refer to tempera-
ture correction chart to adjust for temperature change). Container Leak Test.
The container and valve assembly should then be Carefully probe the container/valve assembly at all
checked for leakage using the Halotek leak detector unit. probes and openings. Ensure that the probe is not
2. Switch on the fan to pressurise/purge the room brought into direct contact with any objects as this can
for a minimum of 20 minutes before testing. lead to spurious results and ensure that the dwell time of
the probe is sufficiently long (more than 5 seconds) to
3. Take the Halotek unit & calibration gas and retire ensure any leak is detected. Any significant and repeat-
to an FM200® free environment to calibration of the unit. able increase of the audible pulse rate should be taken
as an indication of a leak and the container and valve
4. Adjust the Halotek leak detector to gain a steady
assembly should be rejected.
audible pulse, in free air, of about 2 to 4 pulses per sec-
ond. Once the leakage source has been rectified, the con-
tainer and valve assembly should be subjected to a fur-
5. Conduct a stability check by leaving the Halotek
ther leak test using the Halotek unit.
unit for approximately 3 minutes in a clean air environ-
ment. If the pulse rate is observed to stay within the
range of 2 to 4 pulses per second, proceed to the Decanting a container through filling rig.
repeatability check.
Decanting is necessary if a container / valve assy
If the stability check is inconclusive, repeat stability has been rejected due to a leak after filling, if this is
check in an alternative clean environment. If stability necessary the appropriate outlet adapter should be at-
problems persist, contact R&D department for instruc- tached to the valve and a direct line connected to a stor-
tion. age vessel.
6. The leak standard of 0.21oz/year should be condi-
tioned to a temperature of 200C +/-50C (680F +/- 90F) for Caution. Make certain that the container is
at least 24 hours. secured to a rigid surface. Failure to do so could
cause severe container movement
Calibration Repeatability Test upon actuation, resulting in personal injury or
property damage.
1. Remove the cap from the leak standard, screw the
calibration nozzle into the outlet of the bottle and open
the hand valve fully. If the valve has been shut down, ensure that the line
is shut off and activate the valve. Open the ball valve on
2. Place the Halotek probe into the calibration noz-
the line that is direct to the storage vessel and flush the
zle. Within 5 seconds the pulse rate should start to
FM200® back into it. Shut off line and vent remaining
increase and be a continuous tone within 15 seconds.
pressure to atmosphere.
3. Remove the probe from the nozzle and position
Label up cylinder with appropriate instructions i.e.
the Halotek unit away from the gas source. The pulse
Refit or rejection.
rate should revert back to the original rate of 2 to 4 pulses
per second within 15 seconds.
4. Repeat test a further two times. If repeatability
test indicates that the unit is functioning within the set
parameters, proceed to the container leak test.

Transportation
Containers that have passed all required tests and
have been filled or recharged must be stored, trans-
ported and installed in the vertical position. A warning
label will be placed on a container to indicate this re-
quirement. See figure 52.
This only applies to 8 - 52 Ltr containers only.
Figure 52.
Transportation Warning Label.

Section 10 - Warranty, Disclaimers & Limitations
HYGOOD
Warranty
Following the commissioning of the system, all equip-
ment will be covered by the company's twelve month
parts warranty (excluding parts accidentally or mali-
ciously damaged by others). For further information, re-
fer to MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS 'Terms and condi-
tions' document.
Disclaimers & Limitations

Whilst every care has been taken in the publication
of this user's guide to describe our products accurately,
it is not considered binding. MACRON SAFETY SYS-
TEMS reserves the right to make any alterations with-
out notice. All issues are uncontrolled copies.

HYGOOD SECTION 11 - APPENDICES

FM 200

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Descrizione originale:

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

FM 200

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

HYGOOD CONTENTS

SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN

About this Manual ....................................... 5 System Design .............................................. 23

Agent Flow Characteristics .......................... 27

FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION

General Information ...................................... 38 General Comments ........................................ 56

FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0

Appendix A - Site Survey / Request Form .... 71

FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0

FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0: 5

A properly designed and installed extinguishing system WARNING

HMIS: 2-0-0/heptafloropropane/contents under The present understanding of the functioning of FM-

• Certain chemicals or mixtures of chemicals, such as

FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0: 7

Agent Physical Properties

Chemical structure CF3CHFCF3

Ozone Depletion (ODP) 0

Acute Exposure LC50 (ppm) >800,000

8 FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0:

System Components FM-200® Container

Paint Specification: Alkyd Gloss Enamel

Figure 1 - FM-200® Container

FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0: 9

Figure 2 - Container Label Dimensions: 150mm x 210mm (Pt.No.4294)

Macron Safety Systems (UK) Ltd

10 FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0:

Fixing Brackets Figure 4 - Valve Assembly

The bracket assembly consists of a nut and bolt, two

Figure 3 - Fixing Bracket

25mm (1") valve assembly Part No. 6410

Material: Brass CZ 121

FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0: 11

The valve incorporates the following features:

Figure 6 - Low Pressure Switch (Part No. 94181)

Figure 5 - Burst Disc

Technical Information Technical Information PS20

Body: Brass CZ 121 Body: Hermetically sealed

12 FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0:

Removable Electrical Actuator

Figure 9 - Electrical Actuator (Part No. 9490)

Body: Brass CZ 121

FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0: 13

Side Mounted Electrical Actuator Flexible Discharge Hose

- 50mm (2") Hose (Part No 6540)

Solenoid Enclosure: Stainless Steel

Connection: Zinc Passivated Mild Steel

Max Bend Angle: 15o @ 0oC (32oF)

14 FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0:

Solenoid Adaptor Manifold Check Valve

Figure 12 - Solenoid Adaptor (Part No 5550) Figure 13 - Manifold Check Valve

32mm (1.25") Check Valve Assy. Part No. 4090

Technical Information Technical Information

Body: Brass CZ121 Body: Brass CZ122

FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0: 15

Figure 14 - Typical Manifold Assembly

Material: BS 3601 Schedule 80

Note: Assembly includes 32 / 50mm check valves

16 FM-200® Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0:

Manifold Bracket Assembly

Figure 15 - Manifold Bracket Assembly

65mm (2.5") Manifold Bracket Part No. 30460