CHAPTER 1

1.1 Introduction
The growth of internet traffic in 5G and expansion of broadband
services have been placing huge band-width demands on optical access
networks. it's expected to provide access to high bit-rate applications
such as high-definition video online gaming and cloud computing.
Several multiplexing schemes have been proposed to cope with these
requirements, including time and wavelength division multiplexing
(TWDM,WDM,DWDM).

The drawbacks of OFDM as Inter Carrier Interference (ICI) when there is

a loss of orthogonality between a target and the neighbouring
subcarriers under non-ideal channel condition. However, such loss of
orthogonality under dispersive optical channels can be remedied by the
employment of a guard interval in the form of a Cyclic Prefix (CP).
Moreover, the inclusion of a CP entails a reduction in the spectral
efficiency, which, in practical optical systems can increase with the
accumulation of CD, leading to longer CP lengths .

FBMC is a type of Multicarrier modulation (MCM) techniques enable

transmission of a set of data over multiple narrow band subcarriers
simultaneously, and is currently attracting attention in the field of
optical communication With an advanced wideband modulation and
coding scheme (MCS), a system with MCM can achieve much higher
spectral efficiency compared to OFDM, promotes its use in multiuser
optical architectures such as PON's.

FBMC systems have recently attracted much attention in field of optical

communications due to its superiority over OFDM.

We consider efficient uniform modulation-based filterbanks, where

subchannel frequency responses are obtained as frequency-shifted
versions of a prototype filter , using prototype filter(PF) for each
subcarrier and Reduced guardbands between users "NO CP'S" and of
independence of subchannels.

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 OFDM problems result large side lobes and achieves (~25 dB) side lobe
ratio this makes OFDM to require tight synchronization between
subcarriers for preventing interference, OQAM- FBMC based PON
system, achieves higher side lobe ratio (~60 dB) which make system is
insensitivity to interference i.e. reduce out of emission
at 100km SMF transmission without any repeater , 3.6 dB sensitivity
improvement is obtained , BER= 3.8e-3 ,-28.2 dBm at 20km ,-28.1 dBm
at 40km ,-27.6 dBm at 100km , it can be seen that they have the similar
performance which can be attributed to the excellent robust against
fiber distortion [1].

AMO-FBMC-OQAM is used to improve spectral efficiency (bits/s/HZ) at

BER < 2*e-3, for distance 50km to achieve the RF signal power 8dBm,
increased SE(spectral efficiency ) from 3.5 at AMO-OFDM to 4.5 at
AMO-FBMC[2]. .

MSK-FBMC can achieve better robustness against RFO than QPSK-

FBMC,The OSNR requirement of MSK-FBMC signal at BER=10^-3 is 10.3
dB while OSNR is 11.4 dB for QPSK-FBMC at the same BER .Studying
achieve improvement OSNR by 1dB and 15.67 Gb/s MSK-FBMC signal
is transmitted over 80 km [3].

At 100 Gb/s WDM system based on intensity modulation and direct

detection (IM/DD) for its low complexity and cost efficiency, 50-km
SSMF transmission of 32QAM-FBMC was realized with BER under FEC
limit. Moreover, a receiver sensitivity improvement of nearly 1.5dB[4].
Experimental work to investigate the operation of FBMC in intensity
modulated Passive Optical Networks (PONs) employing direct detection
in conjunction with both direct and external modulation schemes. The
data rates and propagation lengths employed here vary from 8.4 to 14.8
Gb/s and 0– 75 km. The results suggest that by using FBMC it is possible
to accomplish CP-Less transmission up to 75 km of SSMF in passive links
using cost effective intensity modulation and detection schemes[5].

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1.2 Motivation
Recently with emersion of multimedia, increasing the demand to high
data rate transmission ,FBMC investigated this demand .

1.3 Problem statement

1-The drawbacks in OFDM technique such as PAPR dispersion loss

as PMD&CD, and CP which waste spectral efficiency.

2- the requirements of high spectral efficiency and cost effectiveness in

Passive Optical and Emersion new techniques of multiplexing in optical
such that WDM&DWDM .

1.4 Objectives

In this project we will optimize the performance of FBMC as BER "end

to end" and OSNR in whole communication link.

1.5 Milestones

1- The literature review of FBMC .

2- Modeling by mathematic expression of this technique .

3- Simulate FBMC by MATLAB and OPTISYSTEM simulators .

4- Analysis and discuss the results .

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