{ditura PERFORMANTICA [pet Maonsl de event, 19 In, Compu Univers "Tudor Vai", ‘orp Tes, Eta 1, CP 2002, OF 10, fs! efx: 0232214763 vrwvinventica 079.10 Descrierea CIP 2 Bibliotect Nationale Romine ROMAN, COSTICA Telligent energy system in protected areas / cose Reman. Tap" Premarin, 2017 ‘Conn islograe {SBN 978-c06585-99-5, 808 Consultant singe: Fro. Mariel ADAM, “etna Uiversy Gheorghe Asse from Tas Fro. ni Neca SEGHEDIN, “eetizal unnersty Gheorghe Asahi om ls “constr eitori Fe nd. TaanD. Stele ‘Secretar editorial ‘Oca Pune repress si coperta: Ing, foan HERGHELEGIU EDITURA ACREDITATA DE CNCSIS BUCURESTI, 1342/30.06.2003 Copyright © 2017 Toate deptrle supra acest ed sunt recente autor Reproducerea (partials sau totals) a prezentel ci, firé acordul Edt, consttue infractne se pedepseste in conformitat cu Legea ne. 8 / 1956.Coste Roman (Coord) » Inteligent energy system in protected areas CHAPTER I CRACAU WATER CATCHMENT AREA - GENERAL [DESCRIPTION (Pet Olaru,Ialiana Romanive, Manuela Toma & Viorel Nechifor) Hl ntoduetion 112. The geographic location of Cras catchment area, The rele 113, Geology 1138 Climate characteris. 115, Hydrography I1S.1 Underground water resources 1153.2, Water flow regine. Pariculariies 115.3. Maximum and min flow 1134, Thesttitical processing of water flows 113.5. Altevinm flew 115.6. Biogeography 116. Soils TT. Watergualiy 118. Impact elements. Risk factor 118.1 Narva ik factors 11.8.2 Anthropi risks 1.9 References BIO-STRUCTURES FOR THE PROTECTION RIVERBEDS (Costel Boarin & Ciprian Vorovei) 12.1 The curten status of Romanian regulations 12.2 Aspects fem the interational bibliography 123. Sizing 12311, Dimensioning the riverbed section 1232. Dimensionng the protection tueture 1233. Reverse fer 12.4, Theplamng of vegetal elements inside the stucture's body 12 References MONITORING THE PROJECT SITE'S BEHAVIOUR ‘OVER TIME, BY MEANS OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR ‘COLLECTING SPATIAL DATA (Maximilian Diac, Constantin Bofu & Horata ulin Hopes) TBI Study area 13.2. The used equipment 133, Data collection method 13.4, Processingo spatial data BL 3 ba 6 7 7 BT 8 9 9 9 40 ai 1a 1a as M6 oF ur 34 61 161 168 166 167 167 169 m Costs Roman (Coord) « inteligent energy systom in protected areas 125 Results assessment us 136. Referees 176 ‘THE DESIGN OF THE WATER INTAKE SILLS, WITH MINIMUM ECOLOGICAL IMPACT, USING THE THEORY OF SIMILARITY (Cosel Boarin, Vasile Vaseu & Ciprian Verove) 141, Generalities ad 181.1. Gsometie similerty 178 141.2. Kinematie similarity 178 14113. Dynamie similarity 178 142. The determination ofthe similarity criterion forthe tale e356 nn 179 143, Case study 180 144, Conelusins i 18a M35 References 2 184 THE CONSOLIDATION OF ROMANIA'S ENERGY SECURITY AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE EURO- ATLANTIC OPENING (Petru Condrea & Jone! Bostan) 15.1 Introduction 87 152, Concems related the ussurance of energy sca af EL Tevel 188 153, Measures promoted by Romania for the consolidation of energy security 192 153 Energy security ~ part of consistent and comprehensive policy within NATO 97 155. Conclusions 197 156, Referens ss 198Costes Roman (Coord) « intelligent energy system in protected areas (2). Baas of Reclamation, Simeon and River Hydmulis Section, 184 Compting Degradation nd Lesa! Seow, Tesncal Gudlne for Buena of Relamatn, Dower, [3. Donat 1985 Bienncering Tecnu or Sambi Resoaon ssa USL Bogen D- 1964 Relrsrtdrrctd comunica, Pac Bacar The Dia and Peso aising House (51 Gnade & Gane, 12007 mone cnr Napa toren ‘her apeciiee ° (6) Hae, C8 Chota, 8.1979. Lac colaare Bache [rl Hin €.0, 2008 Raul on sin [sl Hong, €.& Fp 1, 2002 Sreombont Soil Bienen Pld Gude fr Low Preciation dre ssn (Ph. lie, AC, 2007 Anemjue comple ataxelrNekogace Bucwey: aa Funda Romina de Mise, ISBN 978573725 7662. (00) Cre Bddenon rach Teas Fangprtaon sta 3138 TAMUS, Cll Sion 3135, USA ne (V1, Mana 1973 Regular de ri i de coma peop. Bucharest The Dec nd Pesos obising Hr. Mircea, Mia Nisan, 300, Amen dei! a ved amin Orde Costs {3]-NE-OGT03: Rooney prices Indio de aire a dam 14) Sls, M1998 Repl en (sy Unt Sis Depot of Ape (USDA, 207, Sram Retain (16) United Sater Departament of Agcatire (USDA), 1996. Engnering Fie Hanlbwok Chanter 1 Sram and Se Protection. sss (07) UTC, 2008, Noone rsd proctor error dean: Bache: [43] MONITORING THE PROJECT SITE'S BEHAVIOUR OVER TIME, BY MEANS OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR ‘COLLECTING SPATIAL DATA Maximilian Dite*, Constantin Bofu, Horatu tllan Hogas {oh Asch" Techical Univer of las Fas of Hydotechical Engineering Geodesy and Environmenl Engineering. Deparment of of Hydrate Sucre, 6 15, Mangeron Bl, 7050, as, Romani Abstracts Modern cholate for collecting spa dat provide signa advantages interms of ecaray. reduced processing tines and beter pail esolton, lang fo th proces of montring he bchavou ove lie or narons pecs iz ever eccompanied 8 saffnar spor lich Crema ference pte dy rsiting inthe acurae and correc! qvaniiation ‘al the ch ing th exon of rion ening der th fact a ‘patel formation axa continue character as mesh tocesorhopeomap merc model of he are. hs bg on a 0 for taesing he ohavour of he csiered bce, oe in Keywords: montring, meen tenologie, spatial daa, ramerica! mene of 13 Study area “The objetives tht are to be monitored, in tms of behaviour ove ime are the following: (2) Upper basin, (i) Lower basin; (ii) The consolidation of ‘tountsinsides; (iy) The development ofthe shrub vegetation that wil replace, ‘ver time, the inital elements ofthe consolidation of mountainsides; (¥) The ‘verall environmental npect of the enite establishment (weir, lace, basins land consolidations). 132. The used equipment "The ebjetives ef the ene establishment will be monitored over te using. modem technolegies. supported by modem spatial data acquisitionCostes Roman (Ceord) » Inaligent energy systom in protected areas equipment able to determine any geometrical modifications ofthe objectives, with high yield and good accuracy. The equipment tobe used covers the entre range of eresitial measoremens and nels ‘South 82 GNSS Recelver(Pigre 1) = mulifreuency with incorported solpath technology and satelite treking technology fora better calculation of Spatial positions inthe ban environment and in forests, High aceuracy state positioning Horizontal = 3mm 103 ppm Verieal= 4 m= 0.5 ppm “The accuracy of static detetmination qualifies these GNSS receivers forthe cretion of @ fice compensated basic network, capable of highlighting ‘splacement vectors at centimetre level, valves sich constitte danger for ‘the optimal operation ofthe designed installations. Figure 1. South 82 GNSS Receiver Lien DNA Digital Lovet (Figure 2). A menaurementaccracy af 0 Ymmin can highlight, using @ geometric levelling network of fee compensated accuracy threugh the method ofthe smallest squares, milimetre compactions which are portant for the assessment ofthe atimetric behaviour, over time, of water basing Figur 2. Leia DNA Digial 170 Ccostcs Roman Coord)» Intligent energy system in protected areas ‘Smart Total Station (Figure 3) tis. «device composed cf a toa station and a GPS and it is safe and precise oo! for measuring spat element, resulting courte values ofthe X, Y and Z coordinates, values whieh povide centimetre Sevuracy forthe thee dimension. The device ean be use for positioning the 3D Seanner, of for monitoring any movements of the el>ments used Tor the Consolidation ofthe mounansies. Figure 3 Smart Tota Staion ‘Maptek Terrestrial Laser Scanner (Figure 4)- Its ool that is based onthe ‘Scanning technology wsing laser bea, resulting in pont cloud with a good Spatial resolution, The device isan important technical support for monitoring he Batuviour, overtime of surfaces and volumes (support walls, vegetation) fom the studied ste Figure 4, Maptek Terrestrial Laser Seanner m1Costes Reman (Coord) Intelgent energy system in protected areas ALTURA ZENIT ATX Drone (Figure 5). The GIS investigation drone helicopter platform ~ ALTURA ZENITH ATX, equipped with a 16 Mp mlispectal senor, is very useful tool for the overall menitoring the ene rw Figure 5. Helicopter platform - ALTURA ZENITH ATX 133, Data coletion method The suppor network fr monitoring the behaviour overtime wil be made ‘up oss base paninetrc landmarks, located as follows: () tw base planimetrc landmarks outside the buildable location (no further than 2000 m (i) evo base ploninctrc landmarks gear the upper basin i) twa basic planimeti landmarks fear the lower basin; (i) tree baie landmarks fo levelling, one neat each othe alc sn and he third one inthe Convent area (Figur 6). Figure 6. The location ofthe base stimetric and plnimetrc suppor network 2 __Costies Roman (Coord) + Intelligent energy system in protected areas In ease one or several basic landmarks are damaged, then the measurement fom the nexteyces willbe made based onthe remaining landmarks. The plaimeric support network wil be determined though staie GNSS measurements. To this Drpose, thee will be used three GNSS South 82 receivers, measuring three Yectors in each satelite. observation session. The enlre network wil Be termite in four measuring sessions of ne hour each For the photogrammetric reser, the 3D seaning opographic base, for both thescanne's station points and forthe point from the point loud equied for regisration, wll be determined GNSS satel of withthe SmantStaton tal station, ss appropriate, depending on visibility and thetechricaleonitionson site Inordero monitor the water basins" behaviour overtime, there will be established ‘a numbe’ of 18 seetion forthe lower basin icul and 37 ection forthe upper basin (rectangular) The seo wl be defined by two points located onthe side ofthe basin points which will be traced at each measurements eye with the Smat sation, Following tha precise geometric evelling measurements be done onthe dzetion of each section every 50m, using the Lelea DNA Digital levels. Following the messurenents and ther processing, there willbe obtained a 3D model of the Basins for each measurements cyte. This model will be compared with the 3D model othe iil eyele andthe previous eyele withthe purpose of monitoring possible deformations of the basis ‘he behaviour overtime of the mountainsides consolidation will be monitored using the Mapiek 3D seanner with high spatial resolution (min 22m) “Ths wit have es suppor for he registration ofthe point eld, the coordinates of the stately determined scanner’ station points om the basic network and the points fom the point cloud (the same foreach measurements cycle) determined Etaticaly or with the Smart total station, as appropriate. The basic poims used for the repiration ofthe point cloud willbe materialized by panting the rocks or by For futher conto while monitoring any movements oft elements used forthe consolidation of mountsinsdes, there will be made topographic measurements withthe Leica Power total station in the gripping points ofthe logs as well as long them, there where loads are maximal. The point will be marked and ‘monitored during every measurements eye The measurements necessary for monitoring the development of he shu vegetation, which will replace overtime the elements usd or the consolidation ‘ot mountainsides, willbe done exclusively by 3D high rescluton scanning, using the ation pons statically GNSS determined from the bas: support network andCastes Roman (Coon) «Inteligent energy system in protected areas foc thee epcration, the sme poins fom the point cloud wsedlso for monitoring the mountainsides’ consolidation elements During the scanning proces last reflection point and bes reflection pots wil be tracked forthe eanelidaton clemenss, respectively the Fst reflection points and les the last rection pont forthe shrub vegetation. Therefore, there wil be necessary to diffrent sans forthe tvo ferent purposes. ‘The measurements for monitoring the behaviour overtime ofthe entre ‘uit assembly can show physical changes that take place (area affected by constructions and the evalution in time of this area). This is achieved with ‘measurements done wih drones equipped with multispectral sensors and by ‘Beeratinga map incloding the mapping of evalution macro-sptial aspects of he iverbed considering that part ofthe water flow wil be underground). Figure 6 presents fight plan for collecting data using the done. Figure 7. Overview of the construction ste The monitoring overtime will be dane based on the information collected by the multispectral sensor located on the GIS investigation Drone, the helicopter plform - ALTURA ZENITH ATX, The monitoring cycles wil be es frequent than in ther kinds of monitoring and they wil be based, each time, on a GNSS, Sttially determined photogrammetric riser suoporied by the same basic network. By combining varius information ftom the mulispectal sensor, we can obtain data regarding the development ofthe dferert types of vegetation, 25 well fs other parameters such 38 humidity, temperature, solar explosions, al spatially feferenced All hese data ean be used forthe analy ofthe microclimate inthe 176 Costcé Roman (Coord) » Intelgent energy system in protected areas 134, Processing of spatial data ‘The base network will be processed withthe method of the smallest squares, aa fre network, to ensue beter accuracy. Iwill be sed as base for periodical measuremens, The other measuremens, such as: determining the Docogrammeri Ianmarks, determining te 3D scanners sation pots andthe Eontol points for the registration, will be determined. by GNSS. static Imessurements of by topographic measurements with the total station, Compensated through the method ofthe smallest squires, constrained onthe points From the basic ncwork, The point loud, measured and registered within the local coordinates system of the basic network, will e processed and filtered by raining ony the poins of interest forthe snalysisof the behaviour over ie oF the consideret objectives, Thus, for montring te element for the consolidation ofthe mountainsides, there wil be stained only the points located on these nd then, a mesh surface will be generated for each eyele. This surface will be ‘compared with the inl cycle and with the previous cyle, highlighting the volume variations fom one cycle to smother. Fee monitoring the development of the shrab vegetation, there wil be retained all the pont fom the point cloud belonging tit the analysis and processing being more complex because iis monitored the volume variation, bu also the cosistency/densty which may characterize beter the vegetations development level. Within the monitoring process ofthe ene ste thee wil Be cleulated the normalized diferente indexes of vegetation NDVI, the normslized diferesied indexes of water NDW/ andthe nomalized differentiated indexes ofsoil humidity and vegetation NDMI, With the help of thse indexes, there wil be highlighted the spatial variations ofthe site's element, by wsing change dteton algorithms 125, Results assessment ‘The results will be assessed for each type of monitoring, highlighting the hanes between the measurement cycles as wel ax between the inal eycle and he cient one, The results abiained will be analysed By speciatct fom the respective fields (geologist, constructor for monitoring the basine and the Consolidation, botanist and hydrologst for mortosing he development of shrub vegetation andthe site in general ‘Thechanges from one cyte another willbe vector highlighted — through 1D profiles, 2D thematic raster, 3D spatial digtal models, by graphically ighlghtng the changes and bythe tabular presentaion of deformations, surices or volumes,CCostcé Roman (Coord) « Inteligent energy system in proteted areas ase some ofthe basi landmarks disappear or roel o th elevation sing piafonn ReveAD [3], Dic M, Ghia Cy OnignE.- DEM conection by modsting local guage n ‘THE DESIGN OF THE WATER INTAKE SILLS, WITH MINIMUM ECOLOGICAL IMPACT, USING THE THEORY OF SIMILARIT Contl Boarint, Vasile Visew, Ciprian Vorovel Oh, Asch Thal University of ash, Feit of HyrotecialEnginering (Gzodsy std Environmental Enginerng, Deparment of Hyéaulie Sutures, 685 ‘De Mangeron Biv 70000, ni, Romans cor. ator Atsrect: Design of hrauic ructares i made langely with empirical relationships ‘her consiacion work cde lrg volun ano” lrge water’ voles of tenocnary ver ection of real sah md The ate shows ato sl ing men by nie hry. hs ‘ra elvan acole mode parame th frre neon ale model ‘ey words: hyaiiephenomers; theory of simi: dimensional anys: bonam sil prety mel eng 141, Generalities Tt vas necessary the use of experimental research methods, on a large scale, given the compleity of hydraulic phenomera. The muliude of empirical formulas used in echnical hydraulics, were obtained experimentally. The theory similarity is the base of laboratory experimens. There are twe main study methods of piel penumens (a) The fist mehod cones of establishing & $stem of differential equations that describe the stulied phenomena The solution to thee differential equations answers all the researchers questions, but ote, ‘mathematical difficulties are encountered; () The second method consists ofthe experimental approach ofthe phenomenon. Experimental research i carried out ‘5 gonerl rule with the help of reduced models, The problem tobe solved i to determine the simierity conditions of the currents, by model and by prototype. Two phenomena ae alike i between the Various homologous sizes having the stme dinensons, there is a constant ‘ropotonality feta: