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Case name
0.0 Mach number
1 0 0 iYsym iZsym Zsym
4.0 0.4 0.1 Sref Cref Bref
0.1 0.0 0.0 Xref Yref Zref
0.017 CD0 (optional)
SECTION ! For defining af section camber line at some span-wise location on the
surface.
NACA ! For picking a 4-digit af.
AFILE ! For appending af coordinates dat file.
CDCL ! For specifying the profile drag CD(CL) for a section.
CONTROL ! For defining the control surfaces.
Typical usage
SURFACE
Wing
6 1.0 30 -1.5
no. of chord-wise chord-wise no. of span-wise span-wise
h.shoe vortices spacing parameter h.shoe vortices spacing parameter
SECTION
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.32 0.0 7 1.0
Xle Yle Zle chord incidence angle no. of span-wise span-wise
vortices till next spacing until
section (optional) next section
(optional)
CONTROL
elevator 1 0.6 0 0 0 1
name gain Xhinge XYZvec SgnDup
Spacing parameter
Any number in [-3,3] can be picked. The spacing distributions can be proportionally mixed.
For e.g. 1.5 would emulate equal parts sine and cosine spacing.
Notes
- There is a subtle difference between iYsym and YDUPLICATE. The former creates an aerodynamic
mirror image, while the latter creates a geometric mirror image. iYsym = 1 implies that sideslip is
non-existent. YDUPLICATE can be used only if iYsym = 0.
- Sections should be ordered from left to right across the span (root to tip for the right wing) (this
yields positive circulation along the y-axis). For the vertical tail, top to bottom is convenient (this
yields positive yaw moment along the z-axis)
- If airfoil is not specified, flat plate is assumed.
- Warping of the entire wing can be allowed by setting Xhinge to 0.
- It is crucial to check for spurious white spaces generated by unnecessary usages of Tab, Space and
Enter keys. Avoid the use of Tab at all costs. AVL throws exceptions at times.
Case name
Lunit = 1 m
Munit = 1 kg
Tunit = 1.0 s
g = 9.806
rho = 1.225
# mass x y z Ix Iy Iz Ixy Ixz Iyz
1.99 0.11555 0.0 0.0 0.3782 0.2963 0.6552 0.0 0.0175 0.0
Reference
All the content has been adapted from the official documentation of AVL posted on the following
website
http://web.mit.edu/drela/Public/web/avl/
The readers are strongly encouraged to go through the documentation if they wish to familiarize
themselves with the full functionality of AVL.
Purnanand Elango
04/02/2018