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COCHINEAL RED The Art History of a Color ELENA PHIPPS ‘The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York Yale University Press, New Haven and London Sep hepa theresa Fron Yarbro) ‘Caer recon athena (nee pt). (deta comp tearm ip ate y Themen (Ghesaap ens) (aetatnny en Director's Note CCultuces the world over and throughout history have valued the color red, Whether in dyes, pigments, o inks, biliant red has been ane ofthe most difficult Inues to ereate. When the Spanish returned from ‘Mexico in the 1s20s with samples of a dye that produced the most intense and stunning red Europe had ever seen, itunderstandably caused a str, and by 1550 the Spanish flatillas were hauling tons ofthe ‘crimson treasure to Europe. Cochineal, produced from the dried and pulverized bodies of a cactus- cating scale insect, was in abundant supply and easy to.ue, and it quickly pplanted all other red dye- ‘tus. This isue ofthe Bullen taces the spread of ‘ochineal red from the Americas, where Mexican and ‘Andean weavers had for centuries been using it to create ritual and ceremonial textiles in deep shades of red and pink, to Burope and then to the Middle Fast and Asia, Using examples from the Museum's collections, author Elena Phipps has been able to contextualize

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