UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DE TACNA

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA
ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA INDUSTRIAL.

PRACTICA CALIFICADA 02-UNIDAD III-MATEMATICA BASICA--2016-I

Código del Curso : ING -101

Curso : Matemática Básica
Semestre Académico: 2016 – I
Docente : Ing. Roberto Montesinos Moreno
Unidad : Unidad III
Fecha : 13 de Junio del 2016.
Grupo :A
Nombre del Alumno :

1. Hallar la matriz X, aplicando matriz inversa y

producto de matrices, luego la inversa de la matriz X
hallada.

A·X =B

𝐴. 𝑋 = 𝐵
𝐵
𝑋=
𝐴
𝑋 = (𝐴−𝐼 )(𝐵)

1
(𝐴−𝐼 ) = (𝐴𝑎 )
|𝐴|
𝐴𝑎 = (𝐴𝑐 )𝑇

|𝐴| = 2(2) − 3(1)

|𝐴| = 4 − 3
|𝐴| = 1

𝐴𝑎 = (𝐴𝑐 )𝑇
2 −1 𝑇
=[ ]
−3 2
2 −3
=[ ]
−1 2
1 2 −3
𝐴−𝐼 = [ ]
1 −1 2
2 −3
𝐴−𝐼 = [ ]
−1 2
 2 −3 3 1
𝑥=[ ][ ]
−1 2 2 −5

𝑎11 = 2(3) + (−3)(2) = 6 − 6 = 0

𝑎12 = 2(1) + (−3)(−5) = 2 + 15 = 17
𝑎21 = (−1)(3) + (2)(2) = −3 + 4 = 1
𝑎22 = (−1)(1) + (2)(−5) = −1 − 10 = −11

0 17
𝑥=[ ]
1 −11
1 𝑎
𝑥 −𝐼 = .𝑥
|𝑥|
|𝑥| = 0(−11) − 1(17)
|𝑥| = −17

𝑥 𝑎 = (𝑥 𝑐 )𝑇
−11 −1 𝑇
(𝑥 𝑐 )𝑇 = [ ]
−17 0
−11 −17
=[ ]
−1 0
1 −11 −17
𝑥 −𝐼 = [ ]
−17 −1 0
−11 −17 11
1
𝑥 −𝐼 =[−17 −17 ] = [17 ]
−1 0 1
0
−17 −17 17

2. Calcule (A+B)(𝐴 − 𝐵)𝑡 + 𝐴𝑇

10 −10 12 12
Siendo: A=[ ]; B=[ ]
20 14 −12 4

22 2
𝐴+𝐵 =[ ]
8 18
𝑡
(𝐴 − 𝐵)𝑡 = [−2 −22]
32 10
−2 32
=[ ]
−22 10
10 20
𝐴𝑡 = [ ]
−10 14

(𝐴 + 𝐵)(𝐴 − 𝐵)𝑇 + 𝐴𝑇
22 2 −2 32 10 20
[ ][ ]+[ ]
8 18 −22 10 −10 14
𝑎11 = 22(−2) + 2(−22) = −88
𝑎12 = 22(32) + 2(10) = 724
𝑎21 = 8(−2) + 18(−22) = −412
𝑎22 = 8(32) + 18(10) = 436

−88 724 10 20 −78 744

[ ]+[ ]=[ ]
−412 436 −10 14 −422 450
 3 2 𝑋 + 10
3. 𝑯𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒙 𝑠𝑖 |𝑃| = 0; 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑃 = | 𝑋 −1 1 |
−𝑋 3 1
|𝑃| = 0

|𝑃| = 3(−1(1) − 3(1)) − 2[(𝑥(1) − (−𝑥(1))] + (𝑥 + 10){(𝑥(3) − (−𝑥(−1))]

|𝑃| = 3(−4) − 2(2𝑥) + (𝑥 + 10)(2𝑥)

|𝑃| = −12 − 4𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 + 20𝑥

|𝑃| = 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 6

−8 ± √64 − 4(−6)
𝑥=
2

−8 ± √88
𝑥=
2

−8 ± 2√22
𝑥=
2

𝑥 = −4 + √22

𝑥 = −4 − √22

𝟏 𝟐 𝟑
4. . Hallar la inversa de la matriz B=[𝟐 𝟓 𝟑]
𝟏 𝟎 𝟖
1 𝑎
𝐵 −𝐼 = 𝐵
|𝐵|

1 2 3
2 5 3
|𝐵| = ||1 0 8|| = (40 + 0 + 6) − (15 + 0 + 32) = 96 − 47 = −1
1 2 3
2 5 3
𝑇
5 3 2 3 2 5
| | −| | | |
0 8 1 8 1 0 40 −13 −5 𝑇
𝑎 𝑐 𝑡 2 3 1 3 1 2
𝐵 = (𝐵 ) = − | | | | −| | = (−16 5 2)
0 8 1 8 1 0
2 3 1 3 1 2 −9 3 1
( |5 | −| | | | )
3 2 5 2 5
40 −16 −9
𝐵𝑎 = (−13 5 3)
−5 2 1
 −𝐼
1 40 −16 −9
𝐵 = (−13 5 3)
−1
−5 2 1
40 −16 −9 40 −16 −9
𝐵 −𝐼 = −1 (−13 5 3 ) = (−13 5 3)
−5 2 1 −5 2 1

5. Sean las matrices:

Hallar x en la siguiente ecuación:

a. 𝐴𝑋 = (𝐵 − 𝐶)

b. 𝑋(𝐴 + 𝐶) = 𝐵

𝑎. 𝐴𝑋 = (𝐵 − 𝐶)
X = A−I (𝐵 − 𝐶)

1 𝑎
𝐴−𝐼 = 𝐴
|𝐴|
|𝐴| = 3 |−1 2| − 0 | 0 2| 4 | 0 −1|
1 1 −1 1 −1 1
|𝐴| = 3(−1 − 2) + 4(−1)
|𝐴| = −13
𝑇
1 1 −1 1 −1 1
| | −| | | |
0 4 3 4 3 0 4 7 −3 𝑇
−1 2 0 2 0 −1
(𝐴𝑐 )𝑡 = − | | | | −| | = ( 4 −6 −3)
0 4 3 4 3 0
−1 2 0 2 0 −1 −3 −2 −1
|
( 1 1 | − | | | |
−1 1 −1 1 )
4 4 −3
𝐴𝑎 = ( 7 −6 −2)
−3 −3 −1
1 𝑎
𝐴−𝐼 = 𝐴
|𝐴|
4 4 3
−13 −13 13
1 4 4 −3 7 6 2
𝐴−𝐼 = ( 7 −6 −2) =
−13 −13 13 13
−3 −3 −1
3 3 1
( 13 13 13)
 4 −2 3
(𝐵 − 𝐶) = ( 5 0 −1)
−4 −3 3

X = A−I (𝐵 − 𝐶)
4 4 3
−13 −13 13
7 6 2 4 −2 3
𝑋= (5 0 −1)
−13 13 13 −4 −3 3
3 3 1
( 13 13 13)
4 4 3 48
𝑎11 = − (4) + (− ) (5) + (−4) = −
13 13 13 13
4 4 3 1
𝑎12 = − (−2) + (− ) (0) + (−3) = −
13 13 13 13
4 4 3 7
𝑎13 = − (3) + (− ) (−1) + (3) = −
13 13 13 13
7 6 2 6
𝑎21 = − (4) + (5) + (−4) = −
13 13 13 13
7 6 2 81
𝑎22 = − (−2) + (0) + (−3) =
13 13 13 13
7 6 2 35
𝑎23 = − (3) + (−1) + (3) =
13 13 13 13
3 3 1 26
𝑎31 = (4) + (5) + (−4) =
13 13 13 13
3 3 1 15
𝑎32 = (−2) + (0) + (−3) = −
13 13 13 13
3 3 1 8
𝑎33 = (3) + (−1) + (3) =
13 13 13 13
48 1 7
− −
13 13 13
6 81 35
𝑋= −
13 13 13
26 15 8
( 13 −
13 13)

𝑏. 𝑋(𝐴 + 𝐶) = 𝐵

𝑋 = 𝐵(𝐴 + 𝐶)−𝐼

1
(𝐴 + 𝐶)−𝐼 = (𝐴 + 𝐶)𝑎
|𝐴 + 𝐶|

0 0 1
(𝐴 + 𝐶) = (−3 1 4)
7 2 5
|𝐴 + 𝐶| = 0 |1 4| − 0 |−3 4| + 1 |−3 1|
2 5 8 5 7 2
|𝐴 + 𝐶| = −6 − 8 = −13
 1 4 −3 4 −3 1 𝑡
| | −| | | |
2 5 7 5 7 2 −3 43 −13 𝑡
𝑐 𝑡
((𝐴 + 𝐶) ) = − | 0 1 0 1 0 0
| | | −| | = ( 2 −7 0 )
2 5 7 5 7 2
0 1 0 1 0 0 1 3 0
( |1 4| − |−3 4| |−3 1
|)
−3 2 1
(𝐴 + 𝐶)𝑎 = ( 43 −7 3)
−13 0 0
3 2 1
−3 2 1 − −
1 13 13 13
(𝐴 + 𝐶)−𝐼 = ( 43 −7 3) = 43 7 3
−13 − −
−13 0 0 13 13 13
( 1 0 0 )

3 2 1
− −
4 −1 2 13 13 13
𝑋 = (3 0 2) 43 7 3
0 −1 4 − −
13 13 13
( 1 0 0 )
3 43 87
𝑎11 = 4 ( ) + (−1) (− ) + 2(1) =
13 13 13
2 7 16
𝑎12 = 4 (− ) + (−1) ( ) + 2(0) = −
13 13 13
1 3 1
𝑎13 = 4 (− ) + (−1) (− ) + 2(0) = −
13 13 13
3 43 37
𝑎21 = 3 ( ) + 0 (− ) + 2(1) =
13 13 13
2 7 6
𝑎22 = 3 (− ) + 0 ( ) + 2(0) = −
13 13 13
1 3 3
𝑎23 = 3 (− ) + 0 (− ) + 2(0) = −
13 13 13
3 43 103
𝑎31 = 0 ( ) + (−1) (− ) + 4(1) =
13 13 13
2 7 8
𝑎32 = 0 (− ) + (−1) ( ) + 4(0) =
13 13 13
1 3 3
𝑎33 = 0 (− ) + (−1) (− ) + 4(0) =
13 13 13

87 16 1
− −
13 13 13
37 6 3
𝑋= − −
13 13 13
103 8 3
( 13 − 13 13 )