ARIB COMMIT YOUR WAY TO THE LORD; TRUST IN HIM, AND HE WILL ACT.

PSALM 37:5

BACTERIA GRAM MORHOLOGY ARRANGEMENT COLONY CHARACTERISTICS / OTHERS

STAINING
Vibrio NEGATIVE BACILLI Large yellow colony V. Cholera
- rice water stools
String test

Helicobacter NEGATIVE BACILLI Small translucent circular H. Pylori

colony (4-7 inc.) - stomach; urease (pink color)

Campylobacter NEGATIVE BACILLI Moist, runny looking and Seagull winged appearance
spreading colony
Gray to pinkish colony

Haemophilus NEGATIVE BACILLI Smooth, flat or convex Bloodlover

buff, slightly yellow colony
H. Influenza
– mousy or bleachlike odor
- the only one that produces IgA
proteases

H. Ducreyi
– school of fish
- railroad tracks
- fingerprints
Aggregatibacter NEGATIVE BACILLI Coves, granular and yellow A. Actinomycetemcomitans
w/ an opaque zone - star shape

A. Aphrophilus
- x factor dependent
Kingella NEGATIVE BACILLI Large white-beige beta
hemolytic colony
Cardiobacterium NEGATIVE BACILLI
Eikenella NEGATIVE BACILLI E. Corrodens
-beachlike odor
- human bites
- clenched fist wound
Salmonella NEGATIVE BACILLI Colorless colony
Pseudomonads NEGATIVE BACILLI Greenish-blue – pyocanin Grapelike odor
Yellow green pigment –
pyoverdin
Red pigment – pyosulin
Brown pigment – melanin
E. coli NEGATIVE BACILLI Red colony

Brucella NEGATIVE BACILLI Facultative intercellular pathogen

TRANSMISSION: ingested
unpasteurized animal milk etc. (read
your summary)
Spirochete NEGATIVE SPIRAL Treponema pallidum
- syphilis
Leptospira NEGATIVE SPIRAL

Francisella NEGATIVE BACILLI Facultative intercellular pathogen

Bordetella NEGATIVE BACILLI Smooth, glistening and TRANSMISSION: respiratory droplets

silver resembling mercury
droplets
Leigionella NEGATIVE BACILLI Ground grass or cut glass

Bartonella NEGATIVE BACILLI Facultative intercellular pathogen

B. Bacilliformis
HABITAT: humans, dogs, cats
TRANSMISSION: fleas and sandflies
DISEASE: Carrion’s disease

B. Quintana
HABITAT: small rodents
TRANSMISSION: human body louse
DISEASE: trench fever, endocarditis

B. Henselae
HABITAT: domestic cats
TRANSMISSION: scratches and bites of
cats
DISEASE: endocarditis
ARIB COMMIT YOUR WAY TO THE LORD; TRUST IN HIM, AND HE WILL ACT.
PSALM 37:5

Chlamydiae NEGATIVE BACILLI Complement fixation test

Tetracycline – chlamydia infection

Klebsiella NEGATIVE BACILLI

Enterobacter NEGATIVE BACILLI Slightly mucoid colony Share feature with Klebsiella

Mycoplasma NEGATIVE BACILLI Fried-egg appearance Wall-less bacteria

colony capable of BINARY FISSION

TETRACYCLINE – ADULTS
ERYTHROMYCIN - CHILDREN
Staphylococcus POSITIVE COCCI Clusters Buttery white colony
> MRSA -Mauve colony
Streptococcus POSITIVE COCCI Chains or pairs

Clostridia POSITIVE BACILLI Large colony Spore former

Diptheroids POSITIVE BACILLI Snapping Black or grey colony TRANSMISSION: aerosol droplets
Chinese charcters
Actinomyces POSITIVE BACILLI Spider colony SULFUR GRANULES

Facultative anaerobe

oral commensal

Non-acid fast mycelia

Nocardia POSITIVE BACILLI Strict aerobe
(ACID-FAST)
Environmental saphrophyte

Weakly acid fast

Mycobacterium POSITIVE BACILLI Snapping or Non-pigmented M. Tuberculosis
Slipping -s low growers
- weeks to grow
M. Leprae
- cannot be cultivated in the lab
M. Leprosy
- Hansen’s disease

VIRUS MODE OF TRANSMISSION STATE DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS

HEPATITIS A fecal- oral root ACUTE; NON-CARIER - RNA virus

NO envelope
HEPATITIS B rough blood or sexual contact CHRONIC; CARIER Fulminant hepa DNA virus

humans are reservoir and Liver damage Double stranded; icosahedral capsid
vector WITH envelope

Australia Ag
SERCOLOGIC MARKERS:
a. HBsAg - Hepa B surface antigen
b. Anti-HBs – Antibody to HBsAg
c. Anti-HBc – Antibody to HB core Ag
d. HBeAg - Antigen assd. Nucleocapsid
e. Anti Hbe – Antibody to HBeAg

HEPATITIS C sexual or parenteral ACUTE & CHRONIC; CARIER development of Non-hepa A, non- hepa B hepatitis
hepatic carcinoma
Spherical and icosahedral capsid
WITH envelope
HEPATITIS D primarily parenteral CHRONIC; CARIER Cirrhosis Occurs with HEPA B
NO family
Drug users
HEPATITIS E fecal-oral ACUTE Associated with HEPA NO envelope, icosahedral ssRNA
A
High mortality rate in
pregnant women
ARIB COMMIT YOUR WAY TO THE LORD; TRUST IN HIM, AND HE WILL ACT.
PSALM 37:5

VIRUS MODE OF TRANSMISSION DISEASE MORPHOLOGY

EBOLA transmitted to humans from monkey Long filamentous and
irregular capsid forms w/
human-human through blood fluids and ssRNA
respi droplets
Shepherd’s hook

ARBOVIRUS bites from ticks, mosquito (Aedes Aegypti) Dengue

HERPES in contact with the infected person Oral herpes

Varicella zoster - chicken pox
PARAMYXOVIRUS contact with respi secretion Antigenic Shift – h1n1, dengue, swine flu

KISSING DISEASE OR INFECTIOUS

MONONUCLEOSIS is caused by Epstein-Barr
virus (EBV)

Measles = person-person thru aerosol

Mumps = respi droplets (acute)

TOGAVIRUSES respi droplets. Transplacental

RHABDOVIRUS bite of rabid animals Bullet shape
CORONAVIRUS direct contact or aerosol
ORTHOMYXOVIRUS contact with respi secretion
PAPILLPMAVIRUS sexual contact with genital warts

Borella recurectis - cause of recurrent or relapsing fever

ARIB COMMIT YOUR WAY TO THE LORD; TRUST IN HIM, AND HE WILL ACT.
PSALM 37:5

MICROBIOLOGY: 16. Which of the following enumerated below is used as an indicator for
DOC SORIA fecal pollution in drinking water and food?
Ans. VTEC
MULTIPLE CHOICES:
17. The following anaerobes which is part of normal flora of human
1. What is the reliable laboratory identity of Corynebacterium mouth except?
Deptheriae? Ans.
A. Cho fermentation reaction
B. Direct microscopy 18. Which among the following is considered as an oral gram negative
C. Enzymatic activity cocci oral commensal?
D. A & C e. All Ans. Veilonella

2. How do you confirm thro lab C. Diptheri;ae 19. Anaerobes that will produce “black pigment”
A. bacteriologic culturing that is usually seen in abscesses?
B. toxigenicity testing Ans. Porphyomonas gingivalis?
C. PCR testing
D. SCHICK TEST? 20. Other term for ANUG? (acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis)
Ans. Trench mouth (Vincent dis)
3. Which among the specie of Clostriduim will cause gas gangrene
infection? 21. What is the clinical sign of Anaerobic Infection?
A. C. Pefringens B. C. Novyi C. C.Septicum d. All Ans. Smelly & Pus

4. Which among mode of treatment for Diptheriae will you give if you matching type:
are just waiting for lab formation for the sample?
A. Diptheriae Antitoxin b. D. Antibiotic 1-10
c. Electrocardiography d. All e. 2 cocci
Bacilli
5. Which among the Clostridium is associated with antibiotic associated Spiral
diarhea? none of the above
Ans. Clostridium defficile
1-15
6. Which among the clostridia species associated with food poisoning? Gram negative
Ans. Clostridium Botulinum and Clostridium Pefringes Gram positive
Acid-fast
7. What are the virulence factors of Clostridia? None of the above
Ans.
NEUROTOXIN, HISTOTOXIC, ENTEROTOXIN 1-5
Disease or conditions that the following organisms will be
8. In an injured immune patient active immunity is enhance by giving associated with:
what?
A. Tetanus toxoi A. E. Coli
B. Human tetanus immunoglobulin B. Pseudomonads
C. Antibiotic C. Botulinum
D. 2 e. All D. Salmonella
E. Klebsiella
9. Passive immunity with Tetanus is?
A. Tetanus toxoid E__Bronchupneumonia
B. Human tetanus immunoglobulin D__Thyphoid Fever
C. Antibiotic C__Floppy Child Syndrome
D. 2 e. All B__Hospital Acquired Infection
A__UTI
10. The Clostridium produce toxin, which among the 2 are neurotoxin?
A. Tetanus pasmin b. Tetanus lysin c. 2 d. None

11. Toxins/toxin released by C. Tetani will act on the following organ?

Ans. Spinal Cord, Brainstem, Peripheral Nerves, Neuromascular
Junctions and Muscle, Lymp node

12. What is the best way or method of detecting C. Tetani?

A. Direct microscopy
B. Direct culture on blood agar
C. Molecular method d. All e. None

13. Which among the following can be used as a Biothreat?

Ans. Botulinum toxin

14. Which among the following food that inumerated are associated with
Butolism or food poisoning?
Vegetable and fruits (not sure)
Home canned foods,
Green bean
Corn
beef

15. Most associated with hospital acquired diarrhea?

A. Botulinum b. Tetani c. Dificicle d. None *PSEUDOMONAS
ARIB COMMIT YOUR WAY TO THE LORD; TRUST IN HIM, AND HE WILL ACT.
PSALM 37:5