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Boiler Operation Instruction
355B-SM8
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0. Preface
The 200t/h high temperature, high pressure Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler is designed by
Wuxi Huaguang Boiler Co., Ltd (WHBC) with licensed CFB combustion technology from Chinese
Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Engineering Thermophysics and WHBC’s years of
experiences in CFB manufacturing.
In this operation instruction, the major requirements for boiler application and operation are
provided based on the design feature of CFB boiler, this instruction shall be applied only for
reference by the user when preparing the boiler startup and operation manual.
Cold startup (metal temperature < 40% of full load) 200 0.01022
Extremely hot startup (metal temperature: around full load) 5000 0.00426
Coal feeding
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 12 / 26
Warm startup curve
Coal feeding
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 13 / 26
Hot and extremely hot startup curve
3. Normal Operation
3.1Inspection Procedures for Boiler Operation
Check the inlet flue gas temperature of the cyclone separator; make sure it not exceeds
1050 °C, for excessive temperature may damage the refractory or metal pressure parts.
Check the bed temperature thermocouple and the related instruments; make sure they are
under normal working condition.
Check the PA flow to the grid to ensure that the normal distribution ratio between the PA
flow and the SA flow.
Check the oxygen content in the flue gas to ensure that the measuring gauge for oxygen is
working properly.
Check the bed pressure of the furnace to verify the chocking of the pressure measuring
points and its piping to ensure that the bed pressure indication is working properly.
Monitor the proper function of bottom ash discharge system and monitor the discharge
temperature.
Check the drum water level. If required to blow down the water level gauge and verify the
normal functioning of the feed water control valve.
Regularly sampling the fuel in front of the boiler to verify the size distribution and
ingredients variations.
Regularly sampling of the feed water, drum water, saturated steam, superheated steam and
analyze the changes.
Regularly check the affect of the feed water quality against the steam quality and timely
chemical treatment of the drum water.
Regularly check the function of the soot blowing system. When the boiler is under normal
operation and if the outlet temperature of the economizer is 16 °C higher than the normal
temperature and then the soot blowing shall be executed.
Check if there is any abnormal sound, vibration or displacement around the boiler area.
3.2 Load Adjusting
The boiler load is adjusted by manual or automatically changing of fuel feeding speed and/or
corresponding air flow .The adjustment of air flow and fuel feeding speed shall be made within
small adjustment range each time and made for multiple times to avoid the bed temperature
variation. The major adjustment means of the boiler load is bed height controlling, whereas the bed
temperature control can also be used as an auxiliary means.
For load pickup, the fuel flow and air flow shall be increased, and the bed height shall be
increased without change the bed temperature to increase the heat absorption of the
evaporation heating surface. On contrary, decrease coal feed flow, air supply and bed
height can reduce the boiler capacity.
For load pickup, PA and SA flow shall be increased slightly before increasing the coal
feeding flow, gradually increase material pressure difference and then slightly increase the
air and coal feeding flow till the required capacity is reached.
When cutting load, the coal feeding flow shall be decreased first, and properly decrease PA
and SA flow, slowly discharge certain amount of recirculation ash to decrease the bed
material pressure difference, repeat those procedures till the required capacity is met.
Boiler load can be controlled by changing bed temperature. In principle the high load
represents the high bed temperature and the low load represents the low bed temperature.
While the bed temperature is constrained by many elements, and the variation range is
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 15 / 26
limited, therefore, the load adjustment function by changing bed temperature is less
effective than the function by changing the bed height.
3.3 Water Level Adjustment
Rapid variation of drum level can result in fluctuation in steam pressure and temperature.
And the boiler has to be stopped in case of overflow or water shortage. Therefore, a
balance and continue water supply shall be provided during operation to make sure the
drum level within the normal scope.
The normal drum level is 180mm below the drum centerline. Levels of + 50mm are the
maximum and the minimum water level. Drum level scope:
DCS sound and light alarm when drum level reaches -100 mm or +100mm.
MFT function when drum level reaches -200mm or +250mm.
During boiler partial load, the drum level shall be slightly higher than normal level to avoid
the low level caused by increasing of load; on contrary, during high load, the drum level
shall be slightly lower than normal level to avoid excessive water level caused by
decreasing of the load, while the variation scope shall not exceed the allowable value.
3.4 Bed Temperature Control
Normally, boiler bed temperature is 880℃,in consideration of load variation and other
requirements, the bed temperature shall be controlled between ±40℃.
Long term excessive high bed temperature can result in bed coking and boiler fail in
operation, whereas, an excessive low bed temperature can cause incomplete combustion
and fire extinction. The bed temperature is mainly controlled by adjusting the coal feeding
flow and PA flow to air grid.
If a bed temperature higher than 990℃ (the limit temperature is1050℃) cannot be
maintained, the air flow must be controlled by PA flow to grids and reducing SA flow.
3.5 Steam Pressure Control
With the requirements of different load condition for bed height and bed temperature, the
coal feeding flow shall be adjusted to stabilize boiler combustion and control the steam
pressure fluctuation range, which shall be maintained at 9.8Mpa ±0.1MPa.
The steam pressure variation range shall be controlled based on the requirements of bed
height and temperature of different load conditions, the boiler coal feeding flow shall be
controlled to stabilize the boiler combustion and control the steam pressure range
The adjustment of the feed water flow can be used as an alternative method to control the
steam pressure. With this method the drum water level shall be controlled within the
permissible range.
3.6 Steam Temperature Control
The boiler steam temperature is controlled by the spray attemperator installed between the
superheater I &II; the feature of this method is adjusted agilely without delay.
The superheater outlet temperature shall be maintained at 535℃ ± 5℃.
3.7 NOx and SO2 Emission Control
Check SO2 emission, manually or automatically adjust limestone feeding speed, make sure
relative local laws and regulations are conformed; the SO2 emission value cannot lower
than 75% of local regulations for long time, which may decrease the boiler operation
efficiency.
One of the method to control flue gas NOx concentration is to control bed temperature,
when the bed temperature higher than 900℃, NOx content will increase obviously. The
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 16 / 26
NOx content can also be controlled by changing PA /SA ratio, and controlling the excess
air coefficient. The minimum NOx emission value can be obtained when bed temperature
is variable within the scope of 820~900℃.
3.8 Air Distribution
The principle for adjusting of the PA and SA air is:
The SA is applied to control the total air flow, under the condition that the requirements for
fluidization, bed temperature and bed material pressure difference are met and when the
total air flow is insufficient, the SA damper can be opened gradually, and the SA flow shall
be increased gradually along with the load increasing.
Monitor bed fluidization conditions, combustion conditions, and material recirculation
situation, any problem shall be eliminated immediately. PA/SA ratio or coal feeding flow
shall be timely adjusted for bed temperature variation.
3.9 Others
Startup burner shall be put into operation when bed temperature is lower than 800℃.
During boiler operation, the variations in temperature and pressure drop in different parts
shall be inspected, any abnormal condition shall be checked for air leakage, excessive
excess air, coking or abnormal combustion, and proper measures shall be carried out to
remove the problem.
It is recommended to conduct the integral soot blowing in every shift.
During boiler operation, special attention shall be paid to variation of the coal quality and
the boiler shall be adjusted accordingly.
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 17 / 26
4. Boiler Shut-down
4.1 Scheduled Shutdown of the Boiler to Cold State
By adjusting the set value of boiler master controller while maintain normal bed
temperature, gradually reduce the fuel feeding and the air supply to reduce the boiler load
to 50%.
During the load reducing process the drum upper and lower wall temperature difference
shall not exceed 50 °C.
Soot blowing must be carried out when load is reduced to 50% and before boiler stop to
avoid the Sulfur contained ash to absorb the moisture from the air to result in the erosion of
the tubes.
Continue to reduce the boiler load and reduce the fuel feeding flow with a speed of no
more than 10% per minute.
During load reducing, a steam temperature higher than the saturated steam temperature
shall be maintained.
Startup burners shall be put into operation before the bed temperature decreases to a value
lower than 450 , and keep reduce the feeding flow of solid fuel.
When the flue gas temperature and the metal temperature of the cyclone separator are
maintained not exceed the temperature reducing limit of 100 ℃ /h and 50 ℃ /h
correspondingly, reduce the oil burner combustion speed.
Limestone feeding shall be set at AUTO state until the solid fuel feeding is stopped.
When necessary, the drum level controller shall be set at MANUAL state, and the normal
drum level shall be maintained.
Stop fuel feeding, limestone feeding and bed material discharge.
During boiler shut down, the drum level shall be kept at the upper limit of the level gauge’s
visible scope.
Continue the fluidization of the bed material and maintain a pressure parts temperature
reducing speed less than 40 °C/h.
The startup burner shall be stopped when bed temperature is around 450℃.
When the bed temperature reduces to 400 °C, stop the PA fan and SA fan inlet control
damper.
All fans shall be stopped after closing of fan inlet damper.
Discharge all water inside the boiler or provide nitrogen blanket protection in case of long
time shut down.
4.2 Shutdown to Hot Reserve
In case of temporary shutdown, fire bank is applicable, so that the boiler is under hot
reserve condition, and can be started at any time.
When preparing fire bank, decrease the boiler load to the minimum value and the bed fuel
shall be burn out, when indicated oxygen content increases to two times of normal value,
supply air to furnace to reduce the heat loss; close the inlet vane and air duct control
damper of the fan, and the furnace shall be kept without any fire or ignition.
For boiler startup, when the bed temperature is lower than 450℃, the oil burner can be
applied to increase the bed temperature to a value higher than 450℃ and then start the coal
feeding.
Normal drum level shall be maintained during the whole fire bank and hot startup process.
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 18 / 26
4.3 Emergency Shutdown
Boiler operation shall be stopped immediately upon any of the following conditions:
Shortage of drum water, and the drum water level is not visible even after water make up.
Serious water overflow, drum water level increases above the maximum visible water level
and the water level is not visible after the emergency water discharge.
Heating surface tube rupture and the normal drum level cannot be maintained.
Heavy slag agglomeration.
All water level gauges fail, impossible to monitor drum water level.
Abnormal increasing of flue gas temperature due to back firing inside outlet flue gas duct.
Boiler wall rupture and in danger of collapsing, which is hazardous to personal and
property safety.
The system incurs the load throw-off and the safety valves does not function even when the
steam pressure is beyond the limit value and the steam release to air could not reduce the
pressure.
When system load rejecting, malfunction of the safety valve due to exceeding of steam
pressure limit and pressure release requirement cannot be met by steam relief.
During emergency shutdown the boiler condition changes fast, certain measures shall be
taken to prevent the emergency from worsening:
Immediately cut off the fuel supply and timely reduce the boiler load.
Adjust the feed water to maintain the normal water level.
In case of serious leakage of furnace, feed water to boiler shall be stopped immediately
discharge the bed material from the bed.
In case of leakage inside the convection duct, normal level of drum shall be maintained.
The cooling process for the emergency shutdown is the same as the scheduled shutdown
but the time maybe shortened.
4.4 Fast Cooling Down after Boiler Shut Down
Close each damper of air and flue gas system after falling down of bed material.
When the bed temperature reduces to 400 °C, start the ID fan, the high pressure air fan, the
PA fan and the SA fan and compulsory cooling the furnace, however, the opening of air
damper cannot be too large, the temperature reducing speed shall be controlled to less than
150 /h ( as per the requirement of the refractory supplier ).
When the bed temperature reduces to 150 °C, stop high pressure air fan, SA fan and PA fan
and open the manhole at the lower portion of the furnace wall, and properly increase the
furnace negative pressure according to the requirement for temperature reducing speed.
Stop the ID fan when furnace temperature reduces to less than 60 °C.
If the boiler is shutdown for hot reserve or it is not required to speed up the cooling of the
boiler, the compulsory cooling of the boiler may not required.
When boiler shutdown for more than 5 days, the bed material shall be discharged and
recycle the bed material of small particle size otherwise the bed material is unnecessary to
be discharged.
The above procedures are recommended to guarantee the safety and correct startup and
operating of the boiler. Proper alternation of those procedures may be made by the user
with the actual operation experience. The operation of the auxiliary equipment affiliated
with the boiler please refer to the operation manuals of the equipment provided by the
manufacturer.
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 19 / 26
5. Precautions
Following precautions shall be observed by the operators for different conditions:
During boiler operation, the furnace, especially the lower part of the furnace shall be in
positive pressure, and furnace doors are prohibited to be opened to avoid personal injury.
Furnace pressure limitation: both excessive positive and negative pressure of furnace may
result in damage of equipment, therefore the furnace pressure shall be controlled during
operation, before boiler start, following control shall be put into operation.
a. monitor the furnace negative pressure(outlet balance point measurement), the negative
pressure shall be controlled within the scope of -100~-250Pa,the furnace balance point
pressure is not allowed to exceed ±500Pa (alarming value).
b.Set value of pressure at the outlet of the furnace for main fuel trip (MFT) is ±2500Pa with
5 seconds of delay.
c. Set value of pressure at the outlet of the furnace for blower and ID fan trip is ±4000Pa,
without delay.
After MFT, heat is reserved with a large amount of recirculating material inside the furnace,
therefore special attention shall be paid to water level and steam pressure, drum level
control and alarm value please see3.3.
Safety Valve Adjustment
All the safety valves have been calibrated in the manufacturer’s workshop but the same shall be
rechecked during the startup of the boiler. Any defect should be rectified.
Excess Air Requirement
In order to maintain the proper combustion conditions the excess air factor inside furnace shall
be controlled to guarantee a suitable fuel/air ratio. Under rated load, the corresponding oxygen
content shall be controlled at 3.2% , this value is provided for reference only, the actual value shall
be adjusted according to the combustion situation.
Temperature Distribution
Around the furnace, thermocouples are installed above the grid to closely monitor
the temperature variation. The average value of the 6 measuring points (or the average
value of 4 points without maximum and minimum values) shall be taken as coal feeding
control temperature. The normal operation scope of the bed temperature is 880~960℃, the
high bed temperature alarming value is 990℃. Main fuel trip (MFT)when temperature
exceed 1050℃.Minimum operation bed temperature is 840℃, the bed temperature shall not
lower than this value without supporting combustion. main fuel trip (MFT) with a bed
temperature lower than 800℃, unless under bed igniting burners are put into operation,
however, when bed temperature decreased to a value lower than 450℃, coal feeder will trip
automatically no matter whether the under bed igniting burner are running.
Protection of Cyclone Separator Heating Surface Tubes
In case of unit trip, the temperature of cyclone separator heating surface tubes may
increase very fast, if the steam temperature indicated by thermocouples on the ring header
on top of cyclone separator is higher than 500℃,the control system shall increase steam
relief flow automatically to increase steam flow speed and cool off the cyclone separator
heating surface tubes.
In order to monitor the startup and the operation conditions, thermocouples are provided on
steam side piping to monitor the operation as well as control startup speed. Details refer to
the following table:
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 20 / 26
7. Trouble Shooting
7.1 Abnormal Bed Temperature
Phenomenon:
The indication of bed temperature is high or low.
High bed temperature alarm.
Load increase or reduce.
Reasons:
The fuel particles may be oversize or downsized.
The measuring fault of thermocouples.
Failure of fuel feeders.
Improper PA /SA ratio
Failure of ash discharge system.
Failure of limestone feeding system
Solutions:
Check the thermocouples for the bed temperature measuring.
Check the fuel feeder performance and control.
Adjust PA / SA ratio.
Oil gun shall be provided in case of unstable combustion caused by low bed temperature.
7.2 Abnormal Bed Temperature
Phenomenon:
Alarm due to high or low bed pressure
Load of ash cooler increased seriously, or stop of ash discharging.
Bottom air box pressure is too high or too low.
Reasons:
Bed pressure measuring failure.
Failure of ash cooler, excessive discharge or discharge too little.
Abnormal limestone or fuel feeding.
Abnormal PA flow.
Boiler loads varies too fast or coal quality changes too much.
Solutions:
For an excessive high bed pressure, ash cooler discharge flow shall be increased while fuel
feeding flow shall be reduced; for an excessive low bed pressure, ash cooler discharge flow
shall be reduced and limestone feeding shall be increased when necessary.
Bed pressure measuring points shall be inspected and any failure shall be eliminated.
If the problem of ash discharge cannot be removed, and the bed pressure continuously
increases, the boiler must be stopped to solve the problem.
7.3 Water Wall Rupture
Phenomenon:
In case of slight rupture, special sound of steam may indicate the leakage of the weld, and
feed water flow will slightly increased.
If the tube rupture is serious there is the obvious cracking sound and the steam sound and
the furnace pressure will become positive instead of negative and the feed water flow will
be abnormally larger than the steam flow.
Reasons:
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 22 / 26
The boiler water and the feed water quality is fail to meet the standard for a long time,
fouling has been built inside the tube and resulted in increasing of the thermal resistance
locally to form the local over heated.
Improper water circulation caused local overheating.
Unqualified tube material, unqualified bed welds or serious erosion of tube outer wall.
Solutions:
Serious water wall rupture:
a. Increase feed water flow to maintain the drum level; actual condition shall be based to
make the boiler operate in partial low or shutdown the boiler in accordance with normal
procedures.
b. Oil shall be provided for support combustion in case of unstable combustion.
Normal level cannot be maintained in case of serious damage of water wall:
a. Emergency shutdown of the boiler, and stop feed water supply.
b. Maintain the operation of the ID fan to remove the steam inside the boiler and stop the
ID fan if the bed temperature decreasing speed is beyond the permissible value.
c. Immediately remove the bed material after boiler shutdown.
d. Other operations please refer to the shutdown normal shutdown of the boiler under).
7.4Superheater Tube Rupture
Phenomenon:
Sound of steam injection can be detected, and the water flow is larger than the steam flow.
Furnace negative pressure decreases or become positive pressure, the pressure of
superheated steam decrease.
Reasons:
Deterioration of heat transfer due to fouling built inside t furnace wall or tube blockage by
foreign substances
Wearing of tube outer wall or high temperature corrosion.
Boiler operates for long time under excessive steam or wall temperature.
Unqualified tube material, bed welding quality or improper soot blowing.
Solutions:
In case the tube rupture is not very serious, the boiler is allowed to operate for certain time,
while the load shall be reasonably reduced, and the boiler shall be prepared for shutdown.
Serious tube rupture:
a. ID fan shall be kept for operation, and the bed temperature decrease speed shall be
control not exceed the design value.
b. A normal water level shall be maintained by keeping a small feed water flow.
c. Normal boiler shutdown procedures shall be taken for other operations.
7.5 Bed Coking
Phenomenon:
Indications of one or more thermocouples has large difference with the average value
( with the difference>100 °C )
Air chamber pressure increases under the normal bed pressure.
Indications of one or more bed pressure keep static, which are not the fluctuation reading
during the normal operation.
White flash can be detected within the fluidized bed, and coking can be seen from the
peephole, in case of serious coking, it is hard to carry load.
Reasons:
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 23 / 26
Excessive bed temperature or excessive low bed material melting points.
Improper air/coal ratio for long time during operation.
Many fluidizing air nozzles are blocked before boiler start or foreign substances like
refractory material blocks are left inside the boiler.
Solutions:
Increase the PA flow.
Reasonable decrease the bed temperature, special attention shall be paid during coal feed
for bed temperature increase speed.
Boiler shall be shut down immediately in case of no improvement after adjusting.
7.6 Re-burn inside Flue Gas Duct
Phenomenon:
Abnormal increase of flue gas exit temperature.
In case of re-burn inside flue gas duct, the oxygen content of flue gas decreases, and main
steam temperature increases abnormally.
In case of combustion in side back pass, PA and SA temperature increases, and economizer
outlet water temperature increases.
Large variation of furnace negative pressure.
Fire and flue gas comes out of the duct where is not properly sealed.
Reasons:
Serious improper air/coal ratio for long time during operation.
Improper oil gun atomization during the startup, while operates with oil combustion for
long time.
Solutions:
Start the soot blowing for flue gas duct heating surface and reduce load when necessary.
If the above measurement does not help and the discharge flue gas temperature is increased
to 200 °C, the boiler has to be emergency shutdown.
Stop all the air fans and close the boiler combustion and the flue gas, air supply system.
Maintain the continuous feed water supply to the boiler.
7.7Water Shortage
Phenomenon:
Drum level lower than the normal value, or water level cannot be detected from the
Low level alarm.
Steam flow suddenly largely higher than actual effective feed water flow.
Reasons:
Negligence of the operator in monitory of water level.
Failure of certain equipment, e.g. automatic feed water failure, or fake level indication due
to blockage of water level gauge.
Leakage of boiler drain or blowdown system, or excessive discharge.
Rupture of boiler feed water tubes or rupture in heating surface.
Solutions:
Indications of all water level gauges shall be cross checked to judge verify the authenticity
of the water level or the seriousness of the shortage.
Immediately shutdown shall be made in case of serious water shortage.
Slightly shortages of water, which may not affect the boiler operation, are usually caused
by improper operation. And in such cases, the feed water flow shall be manually increased
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 24 / 26
to guarantee that the water level is go back to the normal position.
7.8 Overflow
Phenomenon:
Water level is not visible and drum water is not clear.
High level alarm.
Superheated steam temperature decreases and steam salt content increases.
Feed water flow suddenly largely higher than Steam flow
Reasons:
Negligence of the operator in monitory of water level.
Failure of feed water automatic control or excessive feed water pressure.
Solutions:
Indications of all water level gauges shall be cross checked to judge verify the authenticity
of the water level or the seriousness of overflow.
The automatic feed water control shall be shifted to manual feed water control.
Slightly overflow can be controlled manually, and the flow for blow down, drain and
emergency water discharge shall be increased.
Immediately shutdown shall be made in case of serious overflow.
7.9 Water Impact
Reasons:
The pipes are not properly heated and drained before carrying the steam or there is air left
inside the piping.
The intermittent close and open of the BFP to create the unstable water pressure.
Solutions:
In case of the water impact, open the drain valve of the superheater system to smooth the
drainage and timely release the air from inside the superheater piping system.
For the feed water piping, the water pressure should be stabilized and the air should be
released completely.
7.10 Shortage of Coal Supply
Reasons:
The bunker is chocked.
Feeder failure
The moisture of the fuel result in a blockage
The furnace back pressure is too high.
Solutions:
O2 meters shall be checked for oxygen indications, in case of any indication obviously
high than normal value, the coal shortage shall be checked at first, ( it will be a waste of time to
judge the coal shortage after continuously decrease of bed temperature), routine check shall be
conducted to locate the blockage of coal, and mean while increase the speed of other coal
feeders to maintain the total coal feeding flow, in case the back pressure of the furnace is too
high, the ash cooler discharge flow shall be increased.
7.11. Main Fuel Trip(MFT)
The MFT incurs along with the following activities:
1.Main fuel trip
2.Limestone system trip
3.Under bed ignition system trip
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 25 / 26
4.All air flow control are shifted to manual mode and kept at final position.
5.Unless the fans are trip, all fan control will be shifted to manual mode and be kept at final
position, when fans are trip, the control logic of fan will be followed.
6.ID fan automatic control is limited by combustion output signal to make sure furnace
pressure not exceed the limited value.
7.Unless the boiler is under the hot restart condition, otherwise the “specified boiler purging”
logic will be established.
8.Print MFT time and reason.
Any of following conditions will result in main fuel trip(MFT)
1.Both boiler MFT buttons are pressed.
2.Bed temperature higher than 1050℃(signal from CCS)
3.Logic control power lost.
4.2 of the 3 logic controls show that furnace outlet pressure is high high value +2500Pa
(delay)
5.2 of the 3 logic controls show that furnace outlet pressure is low low value -2500Pa (delay)
6.2 of the 3 logic controls show that drum level is high high value +250mm (delay)
7.2 of the 3 logic controls show that drum level is low low value -200mm (delay)
8.ID fan trips.
9.PA fan and SA fan trip.
10. Excessive low total air flow, less than 25% (with delay) (signal from CCS).
11. CCS power lost (signal from CCS).
12. Air /coal ratio less than the minimum value. (Signal from CCS).
13. Bed temperature less than800℃,under bed igniter start (signal from CCS).
14. Material recirculation air trip.
15. Gas turbine trip.
Solutions after MFT active.
1.If MFT is not caused by trip of ID fan, trip of PA or SA fan or due to failure of DCS system,
following principles can be followed directly:
a) Adjust the air dampers to maintain normal furnace negative pressure.
b) Adjust the feed water flow to maintain the normal drum level.
c) Immediately find the cause of MFT.
d) In case the cause of MFT cannot be detected or eliminated within a proper time window,
the boiler shall be shutdown to hot reserve condition.
e) If the cause of MFT can be detected and removed within a short period, the boiler can be
restarted under hot state.
2.If MFT is caused by trip of ID fan, trip of PA or SA fan or due to failure of DCS system, in
addition to the abovementioned principles, local bed material pilling and local stoppage of
fluidization shall be taken into consideration, the phenomenon is as follows:
a) One or more bed temperature indication is largely varied from the other indications of bed
temperature.
b) All the readings of the bed temperature are static (normally, the bed temperature
fluctuates).
3.Steps for automatic fluidization of bed material:
a) Shift the boiler air flow control to manual operation.
b) The general gate of PA shall be opened fatly and close to its original position to observe
Boiler Operation Instruction 355B-SM8 26 / 26
whether the indication of bed pressure returns to normal value.
c) Repeat the abovementioned movement for 3 times in 10min, if the situation does not
improve further steps of discharging the bed material shall be taken to fluidize the startup
bed material, till the result are satisfied.
d) Boiler air flow control shall be switched to AUTO mode.